ALGEBRA Answers

1 a x2 + 4x = 4x + 32 b x − 4 3 =2 3 − 2x
2
x = 32 3x = 6 3
x = ± 32 x=2 3
x = ±4 2
c 3 2x−4=2 2 d 5 x + 2 = 2 5 (x − 1)
6x − 4 2 = 4 5x + 2 5 = 10(x − 1)
6x = 4 + 4 2 5x = 10 + 2 5
x= 2
3
(1 + 2) x=2+ 2
5
5

1 1
2 a x = 62 = 36 b x = 53 = 125 c x2 = 1
2
d x4 = 3
x = ( 12 )2 = 1
4
x = 34 = 81
1 1 1 3
3
e x2 = 8 =2 f x 3 = ± 16 = ± 4 g x 3 = ± 4 81 = ± 3 h x2 = 1
27
1
x = 22 = 4 x = (± 4)3 = ± 64 x = (± 3)3 = ± 27 x2 = 3 1 = 1
27 3
1 2
x=( 3
) = 91

3 a 2x + 3 = (22)x = 22x b 53x = (52)x+1 = 52x+2 c (32)2x = 34x = 3x − 3 d (42)x = 42x = 41 − x

x + 3 = 2x 3x = 2x + 2 4x = x − 3 2x = 1 − x
x=3 x=2 x = −1 x = 13

e (22)x + 2 = (23)x f (33)2x = (32)3 − x g 63x − 1 = (62)x + 2 h (23)x = (24)2x − 1

22x + 4 = 23x 36x = 36 − 2x 63x − 1 = 62x + 4 23x = 28x − 4
2x + 4 = 3x 6x = 6 − 2x 3x − 1 = 2x + 4 3x = 8x − 4
x=4 x = 34 x=5 x = 45

i (53)x = 5x − 3 j (3−1)x = 3x − 4 k (2−1)1 − x = (2−3)2x l (2−2)x + 1 = (23)x

53x = 5x − 3 3−x = 3x − 4 2x − 1 = 2−6x 2−2x − 2 = 23x
3x = x − 3 −x = x − 4 x − 1 = −6x −2x − 2 = 3x
x = − 32 x=2 x = 17 x = − 52

a m2 − m = 1 b 4x2 − 28x + 49 = 0 c t2 + 13 t = 1
3
d a2 − 72 a + 2 = 0
1 2
(m − 2
) − 1
4
=1 x2 − 7x + 49
4
=0 (t + 1 2
6
) − 1
36
= 1
3
(a − 7 2
4
) − 49
16
+2=0
1 2 7 2 1 2 7 2
(m − 2
) = 5
4
(x − 2
) − 49
4
+ 49
4
=0 (t + 6
) = 13
36
(a − 4
) = 17
16
5 7 2 13 17
m− 1
2
=± 2
(x − 2
) =0 t+ 1
6
=± 6
a− 7
4
= 4

m= 1
2
(1 ± 5) x= 7
2
t= 1
6
(−1 ± 13 ) a= 1
4
(7 ± 17 )
ALGEBRA Answers continued

5 equal roots 6 repeated root 7 x2 + rx − 2x + 4 = 0 has equal roots

∴ b2 − 4ac = 0 ∴ b2 − 4ac = 0 ∴ b2 − 4ac = 0
1 − 4p = 0 4q2 + 4q = 0 (r − 2)2 − 16 = 0
p = 14 4q(q + 1) = 0 r2 − 4r − 12 = 0
q ≠ 0 ∴ q = −1 (r + 2)(r − 6) = 0
r = −2 or 6

8 a subtracting b y=x−5 c y = 7 − 4x
1
− + 2y + 1 = 0 sub. sub.
y
3
−1 + 2y2 + y = 0 x(x − 5) = 6 − 2(7 − 4x) + 4 = 0
x
2y 2 + y − 1 = 0 x2 − 5x − 6 = 0 3 − 2x(7 − 4x) + 4x = 0
(2y − 1)(y + 1) = 0 (x + 1)(x − 6) = 0 8x2 − 10x + 3 = 0
y = −1 or 12 x = −1 or 6 (4x − 3)(2x − 1) = 0
∴ x = −5, y = −1 ∴ x = −1, y = −6 x= 1
2
or 3
4

or x = 4, y = 1
2
or x = 6, y = 1 ∴ x= 1
2
,y=5
or x= 3
4
,y=4

9 5 − x = x2 − 3x + 2 10 3x − 1 = (32)2y ∴ x − 1 = 4y
x2 − 2x − 3 = 0 (23)x − 2 = (22)1 + y ∴ 3x − 6 = 2 + 2y
(x + 1)(x − 3)= 0 6x − 16 = 4y
x = −1 or 3 ⇒ 6x − 16 = x − 1
P and Q are the points (−1, 6) and (3, 2) x=3
PQ2 = (3 + 1)2 + (2 − 6)2 ∴ x = 3, y = 12
PQ = 32 = 4 2

11 AB − A 3 + 2B 3 − 6 ≡ 9 3 − 1
A and B integers ∴ AB − 6 = −1 (1) and −A + 2B = 9 (2)
(2) ⇒ A = 2B − 9
sub. (1) B(2B − 9) − 6 = −1 ⇒ 2B2 − 9B − 5 = 0
(2B + 1)(B − 5) = 0
B = − 12 or 5
B integer ∴ B = 5 ⇒ A = 1, B = 5

12 a for critical values b for critical values c for critical values d for critical values
−2 ± 4 + 4 6 ± 36 − 16 6 ± 36 + 44 −4 ± 16 − 4
x= x= x= x=
2 2 −2 2
−2 ± 2 2 6±2 5 6±4 5 −4 ± 2 3
x= x= x= x=
2 2 −2 2
x = −1 ± 2 x=3± 5 x = −3 ± 2 5 x = −2 ± 3

∴ ∴ ∴ ∴
−1− 2 < x < −1+ 2 x < 3− 5 or x > 3+ 5 −3−2 5 < x <−3+2 5 x ≤−2− 3 or x ≥−2+ 3
ALGEBRA Answers continued

13 a equal roots b no real roots c real roots

∴ b2 − 4ac = 0 ∴ b2 − 4ac < 0 ∴ b2 − 4ac ≥ 0
k2 − 8k = 0 k2 − 4(2k − 3) < 0 (k − 1)2 − 36 ≥ 0
k(k − 8) = 0 k2 − 8k + 12 < 0 k2 − 2k − 35 ≥ 0
k = 0 or 8 (k − 2)(k − 6) < 0 2 6 (k + 5)(k − 7) ≥ 0 −5 7
2<k<6 k ≤ −5 or k ≥ 7

14 x=y+8 15 3t2 − 11t − 4 ≥ 2t2 − 14t

sub. y(y + 8) ≤ 240 t2 + 3t − 4 ≥ 0
y2 + 8y − 240 ≤ 0 (t + 4)(t − 1) ≥ 0
(y + 20)(y − 12) ≤ 0 −4 1
−20 12 t ≤ −4 or t ≥ 1
−20 ≤ y ≤ 12
x + y = y + 8 + y = 2y + 8
∴ max value of (x + y) = 2(12) + 8 = 32

16 a 2x2 + 2x − kx + 8 = 0 17 a f(x) = 2[x2 − 6x] + 19

real and distinct roots = 2[(x − 3)2 − 9] + 19
∴ b2 − 4ac > 0
= 2(x − 3)2 + 1
(2 − k)2 − 64 > 0
4 − 4k + k2 − 64 > 0 real x ⇒ (x − 3)2 ≥ 0
k2 − 4k − 60 > 0
⇒ 2(x − 3)2 + 1 ≥ 1
b (k + 6)(k − 10) > 0
−6 10 ⇒ f(x) ≥ 1
k < −6 or k > 10 2
b 2x − 12x + 19 < 9
x2 − 6x + 5 < 0
(x − 1)(x − 5) < 0
1 5
1<x<5

18 a = 1−2 5 +5 19 x2 + kx + 3 + k2 = 0
= 6−2 5 ⇒ (x + 12 k)2 − 14 k2 + 3 + k2 = 0
2
b y = 1
2
(6 − 2 5 ) = 12 (1 − 5 )2 ⇒ x+ 1
k = ± − 34 k 2 − 3
2
y=± 1
2
(1 − 5) ⇒ x = − 12 k ± − 34 k 2 − 3
y = ± 12 2 (1 − 5) real k ⇒ k2 ≥ 0
y = ± 12 ( 2 − 10 ) ⇒ − 34 k2 − 3 < 0
y= 1
2 − 1
10 or − 12 2 + 1
10 ∴ no real roots
2 2 2

20 a i 4x = (22)x = 22x = (2x)2 = y2 21 x = 3y + 1

ii 2x − 1 = 2−1 × 2x = 12 y
sub.
b let y = 2x ⇒ y2 − 9( 12 y) + 2 = 0
2y2 − 9y + 4 = 0 (3y + 1)2 + 2y(3y + 1) + y2 = 9
(2y − 1)(y − 4) = 0
y = 2x = 12 or 4 2y2 + y − 1 = 0
x = −1 or 2
(2y − 1)(y + 1) = 0
y = −1 or 1
2

∴ (−2, −1) and ( 52 , 1

2
)
 Practice Paper 1 Answers

1 x2 + 3x + 2 ≤ 12 2 a = 8 2 −2 2 =6 2
x2 + 3x − 10 ≤ 0 b = x + 12 x + 36 + 4x − 12 x + 9
(x + 5)(x − 2) ≤ 0 = 5x + 45
−5 2
−5 ≤ x ≤ 2

3 a (−2, 0) ⇒ 0 = 8 − 2p + q (1) 4 2x − 2 32 = 98 − x
(3, 0) ⇒ 0 = 18 + 3p + q (2) 3x = 2 32 + 98
(2) − (1) 0 = 10 + 5p ⇒ p = −2 3x = 8 2 + 7 2
sub. ⇒ q = −12 3x = 15 2
−2 + 3
b x-coord = = 1
2
x=5 2
2
∴ y = − 252 ⇒ ( 12 , − 252 )

5 a real and distinct roots 6 (22)2x = 2y − 1

∴ b2 − 4ac > 0 4x = y − 1 (1)
16k2 − 12k > 0
4k2 − 3k > 0 (32)4x = 3y + 1
k(4k − 3) > 0 8x = y + 1 (2)
b
(1) and (2) ⇒ y = 4x + 1 = 8x − 1
4x = 2
0 3
4
x = 12 , y = 3
k < 0 or k > 3
4

7 2
7 a LHS = (x − 2
) − 494 +9 8 a (y + 3)(y − 5) < 0
7 2
= (x − 2
) − 134
∴ a = − 72 , b = − 134 −3 5
b x= 7
2
−3 < y < 5
b x(2 − x) = 4(x − 3)
x2 + 2x − 12 = 0
−2 ± 4 + 48 −2 ± 2 13
x= =
2 2
x = −1 ± 13

2
9 2 x + 2 = (23)x 10 a t − 2t2 = 3t − 15
x2 + 2 = 3x 2t2 + 2t − 15 = 0
−2 ± 4 + 120 −2 ± 124 −2 ± 2 31
x2 − 3x + 2 = 0 t= = =
4 4 4
(x − 1)(x − 2) = 0 t= 1
2
(−1 ± 31 )
2 2
x= 1 or 2 b (x + 2)(x − 3) = 0
x2 = −2 [no solutions] or 3
x=± 3
Practice Paper 1 Answers continued

11 x2 + 4x − 21 ≥ 0 12 a 32x + 2 = 32(3x)2 = 9y2

(x + 7)(x − 3) ≥ 0 b 9y2 − 10y + 1 = 0
−7 3 (9y − 1)(y − 1) = 0
x ≤ −7 or x ≥ 3 y = 3x = 19 , 1
∴ x = −2, 0

2x + 7
13 a = 25 × 3 = 75 14 y=
3
2x + 7
b 64 < 75 < 81 sub. 2x2 − ( )2 − 7 = 0
3
∴ 8<5 3 <9 18x2 − (2x + 7)2 − 63 = 0
∴ n=8 x2 − 2x − 8 = 0
(x + 2)(x − 4) = 0
x = −2 or 4
∴ x = −2, y = 1 or x = 4, y = 5

15 a = 48
12
− 600
12
16 a 5x + 1 = (52)y − 3
= 4 − 50 x + 1 = 2y − 6
x+7
= 2−5 2 y=
2
2 4−3 2 2(4 − 3 2)
b = × = b (42)x − 1 = 4z
4+3 2 4−3 2 16 − 18

= − 12 (4 2 − 6) 2x − 2 = z
= 3−2 2 x = 2y − 7 ∴ z = 2(2y − 7) − 2
z = 4y − 16

1
17 a (x − k)2 − k2 − k= 0 18 a −y= 3
2
y

x − k = ± k2 + k 2 − 2y2 = 3y
x = k ± k2 + k 2y2 + 3y − 2 = 0
b real roots ∴ k2 + k ≥ 0 b (2y − 1)(y + 2) = 0
k(k + 1) ≥ 0 y = −2, 12
x = y5 = −32, 1
32
−1 0
k ≤ −1 or k ≥ 0