DIVINE PUBLIC SCHOOL

EXPERIMENT NO.: 6
AIM: To prepare 250ml of M/20 solution of ferrous Ammonium sulphate, i.e mohr’s salt [FeSO4(NH4)2SO4.6H2O]
Apparatus and Chemical required:-
Mohr’s salt , watch glass ,volumetric flask, funnel, distilled water, electronic balance, dilute H2SO4, beakers, conical

R
flask. spatula , glass rod, test tube.

Amount of Mohr’s salt required:-

S I
H
weight of mohr′s salt x 1000
S
Molarity of mohr’s salt =
Molar mass of mohr′ s salt x Volume of solution in mL
A
K
Molarity of mohr’s salt = M/20 , Weight of mohr’s salt = ? ,

A
molar mass of mohr’s salt = 392 g/ mol , Volume of solution = 250 mL
Molarity x Molar mass of mohr’s salt x Volume of solution in mL
Y
Weight of mohr’s salt =

B
1000
𝟏

L
𝒙 𝟑𝟗𝟐 𝒙 𝟐𝟓𝟎
𝟐𝟎
= = 4.9 g
O
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎

O
Observation-

H
Weight of watch glass = 0.00 g

C
Weight of watch glass + Mohr’s salt = (0.00 + 4.9) g
Amount of Mohr’s salt = 4.9 g
S
C
Procedure:

L I
1. Weigh a clean dry watch glass using a electronic balance.

B
2. Add 4.9 g more weights to weighed watch glass .

U
3. Remove the weighed watch glass from the electronic balance.

P
4. Using a funnel, transfer the Mohr’s salt to the volumetric flask.
5. Add about 5ml. of dilute H2SO4 to the flask followed by distilled water and dissolve the Mohr’s
E
N
salt.

I
6. Make up the volume to the required level using distilled water.

V
I
7.Close the mouth of measuring flask with stopper and shake well.

D
8. Put a label on flask showing molarity of the solution.
9. The standard solution is prepared.
Result:-The standard solution (M/20) of Mohr’s salt is prepared.
Precaution :
1. All the apparatus should be clean and dry.
2. Always use distilled water for making the solution.
3. Use pipette or dropper to bring the volume to desired level.
4. Always use spatula to transfer the salt to watch glass .
5. Shake well for making a uniform solution.
 EXPERIMENT NO.:7
AIM: To prepare 250ml of M/20 solution of ferrous Ammonium sulphate i.e. mohr’s salt and with the help of this
solution determine molarity and strength of given unknown solution of KMnO4.
Apparatus and Chemical required:-
Mohr’s salt , watch glass ,volumetric(measuring) flask, funnel, distilled water, electronic balance, dilute H2SO4,
beakers, conical flask. spatula , glass rod, test tube, burette, pipette, clamp stand, tile , spirit lamp / gas burner,

R
KMnO4 solution, dropper.
Theory- The reaction between KMnO4 and Mohr’s salt is a redox reaction and the titration is therefore called a
S
redox titration. KMnO4 acts as the strongest oxidizing agent in the acidic medium and therefore dil. H2SO4 is added
I
to the conical flask before starting the titration.

SH
A
Chemical Equations
Molecular reaction
A K
Y
Reduction Half: 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 →K2SO4 +2MnSO4 +3H2O + 5 [O]
Oxidation Half:
B
[2FeSO4. (NH4)2SO4 . 6H2O + H2SO4 + [O] → Fe2(SO4)3 + 2(NH4)2SO4 + 13H2O] X 5

L
O
2KMnO4 + 8H2SO4 + 10 FeSO4. (NH4)2SO4 . 6H2O → K2SO4 +2MnSO4 + 5 Fe2(SO4)3 + 10(NH4)2SO4 + 68H2O

Ionic reaction
O
Reduction Half: MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- → Mn2+ + 4H2O
C H
Oxidation Half: 5Fe2+ → 5Fe3+ + 5e-
S
IC
Overall Equation: MnO4- + 8H+ + 5Fe2+ → Mn2+ + 5Fe3+ + 4H2O

B L
INDICATOR- KMnO4 acts as a self indicator.

U
END POINT- Colourless to light pink

P
PROCEDURE-
1.Prepare 250 mL of M/20 Mohr’s salt solution by dissolving 4.9 g of Mohr’s salt in water.
E
N
2.Rinse & fill the burette with KMnO4 solution.

I
3.Rinse the pipette with the M/20 Mohr’s salt solution & pipette out 20 ml. of Mohr’s salt solution

V
I
into the conical flask.

D
4. Add half a test tube(∼20 mL) of dil. H2SO4
5.Keep a glazed tile under the burette and place the conical flask on it.
6.Note down the initial reading of the burette.
7.Run down the KMnO4 solution into the conical flask drop wise with shaking.
8.Stop the titration when a permanent pink colour is obtained in the solution.
9.This is the end point. Note down the final burette reading.
10.Repeat the above experiment until three concordant values are obtained.
Observations :
Weight of watch glass = 0.00 g
Weight of watch glass + Mohr’s salt = (0.00 + 4.9 g)
Weight of Mohr’s salt = 4.9 g
Volume of Mohr’s salt solution prepared = 250 ml
Molarity of Mohr’s salt solution = M/20
Volume of Mohr’s salt solution taken for each titration = 20.0 ml
S.N. Burette Reading Vol. of KMnO4 used(mL)
Initial Final
1 0.00 21.2 21.2
2 0.00 21.2 21.2

R
3 0.00 21.1 21.1

Calculations:
Concordant Volume : 21.2 mL

S I
H
Using formula: n1M1V1 = n2 M2V2
Where
n1 = oxidation no. change for Mohr’s salt = 1
A S
M1 = molarity of Mohr’s salt = 1/20
V1 = volume of Mohr’s salt = 20 ml
A K
Y
n2= oxidation no. change for KMnO4 = 5
M2= molarity of KMnO4 = ?
B
L
V2 = volume of KMnO4 used = 16 ml

O
(a) Molarity of the KMnO4 solution

O
n1M1V1 = n2 M2V2

H
1 x M 1 x V1 = 5 M 2 x V2

C
𝑀1 𝑉1 1 𝑥 0.05 𝑥 20

S
M2 = = = 0.0094 M
5𝑉2 5 𝑥 21.2

C
(b) Strength of given KMnO4 solution = Molarity of KMnO4 x molar mass of KMnO4

L I= 0.0094 x 158 = 1.4852 g /L

B
Results-

U
The Molarity of KMnO4 = 0.0094 M

P
The strength of KMnO4 = 1.4852 g /L

E
Precautions:

N
1. All the apparatus should be clean and dry.

I
2. Always use distilled water for making the solution.

V
I
3. Use pipette to bring the volume to desired level.

D
4.Rinse the pipette and burette first with distilled water and only then with the corresponding
solutions.
5.Rotate the titration flask through the titration to ensure uniform distribution of KMnO4 solutions.
6.While taking the burette reading , note the reading at the upper meniscus of the solution.
7. Use the index finger to close the mouth of the pipette.
EXPERIMENT NO.:8
AIM: To prepare 250 ml of M/10 oxalic acid solution.
Apparatus and Chemical required:-
Oxalic acid , watch glass ,volumetric flask, funnel, distilled water, electronic balance, dilute H2SO4, beakers, spirit
lamp / gas burner, glass rod ,spatula
Amount of oxalic acid required:-

𝐰𝐞𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐱𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐜 𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐝 𝐱 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎

Molarity of oxalic acid =
𝐌𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐫 𝐦𝐚𝐬𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐱𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐜 𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐝 𝐱 𝐕𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐦𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐬𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐢𝐧 𝐦𝐋
Molarity of oxalic acid = M/10 , Weight of oxalic acid = ? ,
molar mass of oxalic acid = 126 g/ mol , Volume of solution = 250 mL
𝐌𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐱 𝐌𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐫 𝐦𝐚𝐬𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐱𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐜 𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐝 𝐱 𝐕𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐦𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐬𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐢𝐧 𝐦𝐋

R
Weight of oxalic acid =

I
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎

S
𝟏
𝟏𝟎
𝒙 𝟏𝟐𝟔 𝒙 𝟐𝟓𝟎
= = 3.15 g

H
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎
Procedure:
1. Weigh a clean dry watch glass using a electronic balance.
A S
K
2. Add 3.15 g more weights to the weighed watch glass.

A
3. Remove the weighed watch glass from the pan.
4. Using a funnel, transfer the oxalic acid to the volumetric flask.
5. Add a few drops of distilled water to dissolve the oxalic acid.
6. Make up the volume to the required level using distilled water.
B Y
7.Close the mouth of measuring flask with stopper and shake well.
L
8. Put a label on flask showing molarity of the solution.
O
9. The standard solution is prepared.
O
Observation and calculation:
C H
S
Weight of watch glass = 0.00 g
Weight of watch glass + oxalic acid = (0.00 + 3.15) g
Amount of oxalic acid = 3.15 g
IC
L
𝟑.𝟏𝟓 𝐱 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎

B
Molarity of oxalic acid solution = = 0.1 M
𝟏𝟐𝟔 𝐱 𝟐𝟓𝟎
Result:-

PU
The standard solution (M/10) of oxalic acid is prepared.

E
Precaution :

IN
1. All the apparatus should be clean and dry.

V
2. Always use distilled water for making the solution.

D I
3. Use pipette or dropper to bring the volume to desired level.
4. Always use spatula to transfer the salt to watch glass .
5. Shake well for making a uniform solution.
EXPERIMENT NO.:9
AIM: To prepare 250 ml of M/10 oxalic acid solution and with the help of this solution determine molarity and
strength of given unknown solution of KMnO4.
Apparatus and Chemical required:-
oxalic acid , watch glass ,volumetric flask, funnel, distilled water, chemical/electronic balance, dilute H2SO4,
beakers, conical flask, burette, pipette, clamp stand, tile , spirit lamp / gas burner, KMnO4 solution, glass rod ,
spatula , test tube.
Theory-
(a) Oxalic acid is a dicarboxylic acid having molar mass 126 g mol-1.
(b) It is a primary standard and has the molecular formula HOOC-COOH.2H2O.
(c) Its equivalent mass is 126/2 = 63 as its n factor is 2 as per the following reaction:
COOH-COOH → 2CO2 + 2H+ + 2e-.
Chemical Equations
Molecular reaction
I R
S
Reduction Half: 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 →K2SO4 +2MnSO4 +3H2O + 5 [O]

H
600 𝐶
Oxidation Half: 5(COOH)2 + 5[O] → 5H2O + 10 CO2↑

2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 + 5(COOH)2 → K2SO4 +2MnSO4 + 8H2O + 10 CO2↑

A S
Ionic reaction
A K
Y
Reduction Half: [ MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- → Mn2+ + 4H2O] X 2
600 𝐶
B
L
Oxidation Half: [C2O42- → 2CO2 + 2e- ] X 5

Overall Equation: 2MnO4- + 16H+ + 5C2O42- → 2Mn2+ + 10CO2 + 8H2O

O
O
H
INDICATOR- KMnO4 acts as a self indicator.

C
END POINT- Colourless to light pink
PROCEDURE-
S
C
1.Fill the burette with KMnO4 solution.

L I
2.Pipette out 20 ml. of oxalic acid solution into the conical flask.

B
3. Add half a test tube of dil. H2SO4 and heat the solution to about 600C to increase the rate of the

U
reaction.

P
4.Keep the conical flask containing warm oxalic acid solution over a glazed tile under the burette.

E
5.Note down the initial reading of the burette.

N
6.Run down the KMnO4 solution into the conical flask drop wise with shaking.

I
7.Stop the titration when a permanent pink colour is obtained in the solution.

V
I
8.This is the end point. Note down the final burette reading.

D
9.Repeat the experiment until three concordant values are obtained.
Observations :
Weight of watch glass = 0.00 g
Weight of watch glass + oxalic acid = (0.00 + 3.15 g)
Weight of oxalic acid = 3.15 g
Volume of oxalic acid solution prepared = 250 ml
Molarity of oxalic acid solution = M/10
Volume of oxalic acid solution taken for each titration = 20.0 ml
S.N. Burette Reading Vol. of KMnO4 used(mL)
Initial Final
1 0.00 16.0 16.0
 2 0.00 16.0 16.0
3 0.00 16.1 16.1
Concordant Volume : 16.0 mL
Calculations:
Using formula: n1M1V1 = n2 M2V2
Where
n1 = oxidation no. change for oxalic acid = 2

R
M1 = molarity of oxalic acid = 1/10
V1 = volume of oxalic acid = 20 ml
n2= oxidation no. change for KMnO4 = 5
S I
M2= molarity of KMnO4 = ?
V2 = volume of KMnO4 used = 16 ml
SH
(a) Molarity of the KMnO4 solution
A
n1M1V1 = n2 M2V2
2 x M 1 x V1 = 5 M 2 x V2
A K
Y
2 𝑀1 𝑉1 2 𝑥 0.1 𝑥 20
M2 = = = 0.05 M
(b) Strength of given KMnO solution = Molarity of KMnO xB
5𝑉2 5 𝑥 16

= 0.05 x 158 = 7.9 L

4 4 molar mass of KMnO
4

O
g /L

O
Results-

H
The Molarity of KMnO = 0.05 M
4

C
The strength of KMnO = 7.9 g / L
4
Precautions:
S
C
1. All the apparatus should be clean and dry.

L
2. Always use distilled water for making
I the solution.

4.Rinse the pipette and buretteB

3. Use pipette or dropper to bring the volume to desired level.

U
first with distilled water and only then with the corresponding

P
solutions.

6.While taking theE

5.Rotate the titration flask through the titration to ensure uniform distribution of KMnO solutions.
4

Nfinger to close the mouth of the pipette.

burette reading , note the reading at the upper meniscus of the solution.

I
7. Use the index

V
D I