Lab: 2

Name: Gabrielle McFarlane

Date: December 1, 2022

Title: Separation Techniques

Aim: To separate a mixture of naphthalene, salt, and sand.

Materials/Apparatus: Sand, salt, moth balls, water, filter paper, funnel, Bunsen burner, beaker, conical
flask, evaporating basin, gauze, tripod, spatula

Procedure: 1. Naphthalene, Salt and sand mixture was placed on a crucible above the Bunsen burner.

2. An inverted funnel was placed over the crucible and the burner lit.

3. Naphthalene was collected from funnel using a spatula.

4. The remaining mixture was transferred to a beaker.

5. 100mL water were added to the beaker and the mixture stirred.

6. Mixture was poured into the filtration apparatus and the residue rinsed with a

small amount of water.

7. The filtrate was poured into the evaporating dish where it was gently

heated until a small amount of water remained.

8. The crucible was left to cool allowing crystals to form.

Observations:

Discussion:

1. Sublimation – the naphalene was cooled at room temperature and the crystals was left behind.
Crystallization – When the water was evaporated crystallization took place with the salt.
Evaporation – when the salt water was boiled, it evaporates and left behind salt
Filtration – the water was filtered out from the sand.

2. The sand was the residue.

3. The salt water was the filtrate.

4. We did not want it to be dry because we wanted hydrous crystals and we didn’t want to it to burn.

5. Naphalene crystals and salt crystals was left behind.

 6. To yield larger crystals we would have to ice bath it. The molecules will attract to each other and
come together.

Conclusion:

To separate the mixture of sand and naphthalene from each other, we will use the procedure of
sublimation. To sublime the naphthalene, we heat it. Sublimation is the process of conversion of
solid state directly into the gaseous form, without even passing through the liquid phase. To
separate sand, we filtered out the sand from the salt water. To form salt crystallization took
place. This is when the salt water was heated and evaporated and left behind the salts once it
was left to sit.