Petrel Workflow Tools

Data Import Seismic Well Fault Pillar Zonation and

Correlation M d li
Modeling G iddi
Gridding L
Layering
i
ut Data
Petrel
Import data
Intro to P

Edit Inpu

Facies Petrophysical Plotting Volume Well Design

Modeling Modeling Calculation

Manager
Process M
Fault Modeling
Objectives

Understand
U d t dF Fault
lt M
Modeling
d li Concepts
C t
– Fault types and shapes
– Key pillars
Learn Different Fault Modeling Techniques
– From Fault Polygons and fault sticks
– From 2D grids and seismic
Learn How to Edit a Fault Model
– Edit widget
j keyy ppillars before connection
– Adjust
– Automated trimming and connection of key pillars
Process

A 3D Model in Petrel normally starts off with

creating Faults in a Fault Model from existing
fault inputs (Fault sticks, polygons etc.)

Fault modeling Pillar Gridding Make Horizons Make Zones Layering

Fault Types and Geometries

Single faults

Growth faults

T
Truncating
i ffaults
l

Branching and Crossing faults

Reverse and Normal faults

Faults dying out vertically

Faults dying out laterally

Petrel describes faults as:

Vertical, linear, listric and curved
Fault Shapes

Vertical fault Linear fault Listric fault Curved fault

Key Pillars

Top Shape Point

Mid Shape Point

Key Pillar

Base Shape Point

Line between Pillars

Faults Created from Different Input Data

Fault sticks Polygons

yg and/or well tops
p Digitize
g on surface

Digitize on 3D lines Digitize on seismic Digitize on X-section

General Fault Modeling Workflow

1) Define a Fault Model 2

1
2) Model the initial set of faults (generate Key Pillars)
3) Edit any problem areas
4) Trim/ extend to the top and base of the model
5) Connect faults (required for Pillar Gridding) 3
6) Add more faults by repeating steps 2-5
… then do final edits
4

6
5
Define the Fault Model

Define a new model:

Before starting Fault Modeling, you need to 1 3
define and name a model that will store the
fault model and all 3D grids related to that fault
model.

1. Open Define Model in the Processes pane

and type in the name of the new model. 4

2. The new model is stored in Models pane

(empty; no faults are created yet).

3. Activate the Fault Modeling process.

4. A set off ffault modeling tools is available in the

Function Bar to start creating faults (Key 2
Pillars).
Fault Model from Fault Sticks
+ Shift

1 Select the fault sticks

1.
to be modeled

3. Click on Create Faults

from fault sticks

2. Make sure the Fault

shape
p is selected
Fault Model from Fault Polygons
+ Shift

1. Select all the the polygons

that define one fault

3. Click on Create faults

from Fault Polygons

2. Make sure the correct

fault shape is selected
Fault Model Based on 2D Grids

11. Add New Pillar by One Point

Digitize the top shape point on the top
surface

2. Snap Selected Shape Point

Complete the fault by snapping the
bottom shape point to the bottom
surface
Fault Model Based on Seismic

11. Pillar Type

Select the correct pillar geometry
(based on 2, 3 or 5 shape points)

22. Add New Pillar

Digitize the number of shape points
required by the pillar type
Editing Key Pillars The selected fault in the Models
ppane is the activated fault. As
long as this is selected this will
Widget: be the one edited while doing
Each Shape Point can be edited with a edits with the widget.
widget
id t which
hi h can be
b movedd in
i two
t
directions normal to eachother: The
Select one shape point
Cylinder moves along a tangent while the
plane can be moved in 3D space.
space

Select entire pillar

Add new pillar to end

Add new pillar between

Editing Key Pillars – Moving the Widget

1. Move the widget parallel to orientation of the 3 Free Movement

cylinder (select cylinder which becomes yellow)
Move in Vertical
2. Move widget parallel to orientation of plane Plane only
(select the plate)
Move along Line
3. Restriction based on 3 tools
tangent only
4. Press Ctrl and the tangent options will change

1 2 4
Adjust Key Pillars for Proper Fault Connection

Adjust Shape Point Adjust Key Pillar

Note:
N t Adjust
Adj t KKey Pillars
Pill so ththey
get a more symmetrical alignment
 Connecting faults

Why is Connecting Important?

The 3D gridding process in Petrel uses the faults for guiding
the 3D grid lines. Because of this unconnected faults are
treated differently from connected faults. Faults which are
close together but unconnected are likely to lead to
problems later in the modeling.
modeling

Add Pillar to End

Add Pillar Between

Connect Two Faults

Disconnect Fault
 Connecting faults
Key pillars made in Petrel Imported fault sticks data

1) Create faults from input data 2) Make one common Key Pillar that will
ppreserve the dipp of both fault pplanes and
adjust surrounding Key Pillars for a
smooth transition

3) Connect the two faults

 Automated Trimming of Faults
Cut/ extend pillars against a Surface or
a given Constant:

11. Under Operations tab,

tab select the Top
and Base limits, given by 2D grids

1 2. Choose All or selected Pillars, Cut and

Extend to the limits. Press OK.
O

2
Automatic Connection of Faults

Automatic fault connection:

Normallyy used with clean orthogonal
g fault
data. Also used to find problems with
fault intersections. After those have been
located and edited, auto connection can
be run again.
again

Extend
E t d di
distance
t – will
ill searchh ffor
pillars within the given distance and
connect them.

Remove distance – will remove

ppillars that are less than the ggiven
distance from the connection.
QC of Fault Model and Final Edits
Quality Check:
After Key Pillars have been adjusted and faults
trimmed and connected
connected, it is important to
display the original input data to verify that they
match (if you trust the input...)

If th
they ddon’t’t match,
t h do
d some final
fi l edits
dit andd
move to the Pillar Gridding process.

Fault sticks – imported into Petrel

and used as input data

Note – All intersectingg faults

must be connected (grey
pillar), before doing the Pillar
Gridding process.

Petrel Fault Model – Edited Key

Pillars generated from input data.
Summary

Philosophy:
– Use as few key pillars as possible.
– Use as few shape points as possible.
– Use enough
g keyy ppillars and shape
p ppoints to define the fault
shape.

Remember:
– If the fault is not right and needs editing,
editing the more pillars and
shape points there are, the harder those edits will be!
EXERCISE
Define a Fault Model
Generate a Fault Model
from Polygons
from Fault Sticks
Edit and Connect Faults