Trimethylgallium

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Names

IUPAC name

trimethylgallane, trimethanidogallium

Identifiers
CAS Number 1445-79-0

3D model Interactive image

(JSmol)

ChemSpider 14323

ECHA InfoCard 100.014.452

PubChem CID 15051

CompTox DTXSID2061696
Dashboard
(EPA)

show

InChI

show

SMILES

Properties
Chemical Ga(CH3)3
formula

Molar mass 114.827 g/mol

Appearance colourless liquid

Melting point −15 °C (5 °F; 258 K)

Boiling point 55.7 °C (132.3 °F; 328.8 K)

Solubility in Reacts with water

water

Hazards

Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):

Main hazards Pyrophoric (can ignite

spontaneously in air),
reacts with water to
release methane

Except where otherwise noted, data are given

for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C
[77 °F], 100 kPa).

verify (what is ?)
 Infobox references

Trimethylgallium, often abbreviated to TMG or TMGa, is the organogallium

compound with the formula Ga(CH3)3. It is a colorless, pyrophoric liquid.[1] Unlike
trimethylaluminium, TMG adopts a monomeric structure.[2] When examined in
detail, the monomeric units are clearly linked by multiple weak Ga---C
interactions, reminiscent of the situation for trimethylindium.[3]

Preparation[edit]

Two forms of TMG are typically investigated: Lewis base adducts or TMG itself.
All are prepared by reactions of gallium trichloride with various methylating
agents. When the methylation is conducted with methylmagnesium iodide in
diethyl ether, the product is the poorly volatile diethyl ether adduct. As noted by
TMG discoverers Kraus and Toonder in 1933, the ether ligand is not readily lost,
although it may be displaced with liquid ammonia. [4] When the alkylation is
conducted with methyl lithium in the presence of a tertiary phosphine the air-
stable phosphine adduct is obtained:

GaCl3 + 3 MeLi + PR3 → R3P−GaMe3 + 3 LiCl

Heating the solid phosphine adduct under vacuum liberates the base-free TMG: [1]

R3P−GaMe3 → R3P + GaMe3

Other non-volatile bases have been described.[5] Other methylating agents for the
synthesis of TMG include dimethylzinc and trimethylaluminium.

Applications[edit]

TMG is the preferred metalorganic source of gallium for metalorganic vapour

phase epitaxy (MOVPE) of gallium-containing compound semiconductors, such
as GaAs, GaN, GaP, GaSb, InGaAs, InGaN, AlGaInP, InGaP, AlInGaNP and Ga2O3.
[6]
These material are used in the production of LED lighting and semiconductors
as a metalorganic chemical vapor deposition precursor.

References[edit]

1. ^
2. Jump up to:
ab
3. Bradley, D. C.; Chudzynska, H. C.; Harding, I. S. (1997). "Trimethylindium and
Trimethylgallium". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 31. pp. 67–74.
doi:10.1002/9780470132623.ch8. ISBN 978-0-470-13262-3.
4. ^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.).
Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
5. ^ Mitzel, Norbert W.; Lustig, Christian; Berger, Raphael J. F.; Runeberg, Nino (2002).
"Luminescence Phenomena and Solid-State Structures of Trimethyl- and
Triethylgallium". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 41 (14): 2519–2522.
doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20020715)41:14<2519::AID-ANIE2519>3.0.CO;2-2. PMID
12203520.
6. ^ Kraus, C. A.; Toonder, F. E. (1933). "Trimethyl Gallium, Trimethyl Gallium Etherate
and Trimethyl Gallium Ammine". PNAS. 19 (3): 292–8. Bibcode:1933PNAS...19..292K.
doi:10.1073/pnas.19.3.292. PMC 1085965. PMID 16577510.
7. ^ Foster, Douglas F.; Cole-Hamilton, David J. (1997). "Electronic Grade Alkyls of Group
12 and 13 Elements". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 31. p. 29-66.
doi:10.1002/9780470132623.ch7. ISBN 978-0-471-15288-0.
8. ^ Shenai-Khatkhate, D. V.; Goyette, R. J.; Dicarlo, R. L. Jr; Dripps, G. (2004).
"Environment, health and safety issues for sources used in MOVPE growth of
compound semiconductors". Journal of Crystal Growth. 272 (1–4): 816–21.
Bibcode:2004JCrGr.272..816S. doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.09.007.

show

● V
● T
● E

Gallium compounds

Categories:

Chemical vapour deposition precursors

Gallium compounds
Methyl complexes
Pyrophoric materials
This page was last edited on 2 May 2024, at 09:06 (UTC).
 Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0; additional terms may
apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and

Trimethylgallium
13 languages
Article
Talk
Read
Edit
View history
Tools
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Names

IUPAC name
trimethylgallane, trimethanidogallium

Identifiers

CAS Number 1445-79-0

3D model Interactive image

(JSmol)

ChemSpider 14323

ECHA InfoCard 100.014.452

PubChem CID 15051

CompTox DTXSID2061696
Dashboard
(EPA)

show

InChI

show

SMILES

Properties
Chemical Ga(CH3)3
formula

Molar mass 114.827 g/mol

Appearance colourless liquid

Melting point −15 °C (5 °F; 258 K)

Boiling point 55.7 °C (132.3 °F; 328.8 K)

Solubility in Reacts with water

water

Hazards

Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):

Main hazards Pyrophoric (can ignite

spontaneously in air),
reacts with water to
release methane

Except where otherwise noted, data are given

for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C
[77 °F], 100 kPa).
 verify (what is ?)

Infobox references

Trimethylgallium, often abbreviated to TMG or TMGa, is the organogallium

compound with the formula Ga(CH3)3. It is a colorless, pyrophoric liquid.[1] Unlike
trimethylaluminium, TMG adopts a monomeric structure.[2] When examined in
detail, the monomeric units are clearly linked by multiple weak Ga---C
interactions, reminiscent of the situation for trimethylindium.[3]

Preparation[edit]

Two forms of TMG are typically investigated: Lewis base adducts or TMG itself.
All are prepared by reactions of gallium trichloride with various methylating
agents. When the methylation is conducted with methylmagnesium iodide in
diethyl ether, the product is the poorly volatile diethyl ether adduct. As noted by
TMG discoverers Kraus and Toonder in 1933, the ether ligand is not readily lost,
although it may be displaced with liquid ammonia. [4] When the alkylation is
conducted with methyl lithium in the presence of a tertiary phosphine the air-
stable phosphine adduct is obtained:

GaCl3 + 3 MeLi + PR3 → R3P−GaMe3 + 3 LiCl

Heating the solid phosphine adduct under vacuum liberates the base-free TMG: [1]

R3P−GaMe3 → R3P + GaMe3

Other non-volatile bases have been described.[5] Other methylating agents for the
synthesis of TMG include dimethylzinc and trimethylaluminium.

Applications[edit]

TMG is the preferred metalorganic source of gallium for metalorganic vapour

phase epitaxy (MOVPE) of gallium-containing compound semiconductors, such
as GaAs, GaN, GaP, GaSb, InGaAs, InGaN, AlGaInP, InGaP, AlInGaNP and Ga2O3.
[6]
These material are used in the production of LED lighting and semiconductors
as a metalorganic chemical vapor deposition precursor.

References[edit]

1. ^
2. Jump up to:
ab
3. Bradley, D. C.; Chudzynska, H. C.; Harding, I. S. (1997). "Trimethylindium and
Trimethylgallium". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 31. pp. 67–74.
doi:10.1002/9780470132623.ch8. ISBN 978-0-470-13262-3.
4. ^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.).
Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
5. ^ Mitzel, Norbert W.; Lustig, Christian; Berger, Raphael J. F.; Runeberg, Nino (2002).
"Luminescence Phenomena and Solid-State Structures of Trimethyl- and
Triethylgallium". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 41 (14): 2519–2522.
doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20020715)41:14<2519::AID-ANIE2519>3.0.CO;2-2. PMID
12203520.
6. ^ Kraus, C. A.; Toonder, F. E. (1933). "Trimethyl Gallium, Trimethyl Gallium Etherate
and Trimethyl Gallium Ammine". PNAS. 19 (3): 292–8. Bibcode:1933PNAS...19..292K.
doi:10.1073/pnas.19.3.292. PMC 1085965. PMID 16577510.
7. ^ Foster, Douglas F.; Cole-Hamilton, David J. (1997). "Electronic Grade Alkyls of Group
12 and 13 Elements". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 31. p. 29-66.
doi:10.1002/9780470132623.ch7. ISBN 978-0-471-15288-0.
8. ^ Shenai-Khatkhate, D. V.; Goyette, R. J.; Dicarlo, R. L. Jr; Dripps, G. (2004).
"Environment, health and safety issues for sources used in MOVPE growth of
compound semiconductors". Journal of Crystal Growth. 272 (1–4): 816–21.
Bibcode:2004JCrGr.272..816S. doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.09.007.

show

● V
● T
● E

Gallium compounds

Categories:

Chemical vapour deposition precursors

Gallium compounds
Methyl complexes
Pyrophoric materials
This page was last edited on 2 May 2024, at 09:06 (UTC).
 Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0; additional terms may
apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and

Trimethylgallium
13 languages
Article
Talk
Read
Edit
View history
Tools
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Names

IUPAC name
trimethylgallane, trimethanidogallium

Identifiers

CAS Number 1445-79-0

3D model Interactive image

(JSmol)

ChemSpider 14323

ECHA InfoCard 100.014.452

PubChem CID 15051

CompTox DTXSID2061696
Dashboard
(EPA)

show

InChI

show

SMILES

Properties
Chemical Ga(CH3)3
formula

Molar mass 114.827 g/mol

Appearance colourless liquid

Melting point −15 °C (5 °F; 258 K)

Boiling point 55.7 °C (132.3 °F; 328.8 K)

Solubility in Reacts with water

water

Hazards

Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):

Main hazards Pyrophoric (can ignite

spontaneously in air),
reacts with water to
release methane

Except where otherwise noted, data are given

for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C
[77 °F], 100 kPa).
 verify (what is ?)

Infobox references

Trimethylgallium, often abbreviated to TMG or TMGa, is the organogallium

compound with the formula Ga(CH3)3. It is a colorless, pyrophoric liquid.[1] Unlike
trimethylaluminium, TMG adopts a monomeric structure.[2] When examined in
detail, the monomeric units are clearly linked by multiple weak Ga---C
interactions, reminiscent of the situation for trimethylindium.[3]

Preparation[edit]

Two forms of TMG are typically investigated: Lewis base adducts or TMG itself.
All are prepared by reactions of gallium trichloride with various methylating
agents. When the methylation is conducted with methylmagnesium iodide in
diethyl ether, the product is the poorly volatile diethyl ether adduct. As noted by
TMG discoverers Kraus and Toonder in 1933, the ether ligand is not readily lost,
although it may be displaced with liquid ammonia. [4] When the alkylation is
conducted with methyl lithium in the presence of a tertiary phosphine the air-
stable phosphine adduct is obtained:

GaCl3 + 3 MeLi + PR3 → R3P−GaMe3 + 3 LiCl

Heating the solid phosphine adduct under vacuum liberates the base-free TMG: [1]

R3P−GaMe3 → R3P + GaMe3

Other non-volatile bases have been described.[5] Other methylating agents for the
synthesis of TMG include dimethylzinc and trimethylaluminium.

Applications[edit]

TMG is the preferred metalorganic source of gallium for metalorganic vapour

phase epitaxy (MOVPE) of gallium-containing compound semiconductors, such
as GaAs, GaN, GaP, GaSb, InGaAs, InGaN, AlGaInP, InGaP, AlInGaNP and Ga2O3.
[6]
These material are used in the production of LED lighting and semiconductors
as a metalorganic chemical vapor deposition precursor.

References[edit]

1. ^
2. Jump up to:
ab
3. Bradley, D. C.; Chudzynska, H. C.; Harding, I. S. (1997). "Trimethylindium and
Trimethylgallium". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 31. pp. 67–74.
doi:10.1002/9780470132623.ch8. ISBN 978-0-470-13262-3.
4. ^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.).
Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
5. ^ Mitzel, Norbert W.; Lustig, Christian; Berger, Raphael J. F.; Runeberg, Nino (2002).
"Luminescence Phenomena and Solid-State Structures of Trimethyl- and
Triethylgallium". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 41 (14): 2519–2522.
doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20020715)41:14<2519::AID-ANIE2519>3.0.CO;2-2. PMID
12203520.
6. ^ Kraus, C. A.; Toonder, F. E. (1933). "Trimethyl Gallium, Trimethyl Gallium Etherate
and Trimethyl Gallium Ammine". PNAS. 19 (3): 292–8. Bibcode:1933PNAS...19..292K.
doi:10.1073/pnas.19.3.292. PMC 1085965. PMID 16577510.
7. ^ Foster, Douglas F.; Cole-Hamilton, David J. (1997). "Electronic Grade Alkyls of Group
12 and 13 Elements". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 31. p. 29-66.
doi:10.1002/9780470132623.ch7. ISBN 978-0-471-15288-0.
8. ^ Shenai-Khatkhate, D. V.; Goyette, R. J.; Dicarlo, R. L. Jr; Dripps, G. (2004).
"Environment, health and safety issues for sources used in MOVPE growth of
compound semiconductors". Journal of Crystal Growth. 272 (1–4): 816–21.
Bibcode:2004JCrGr.272..816S. doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.09.007.

show

● V
● T
● E

Gallium compounds

Categories:

Chemical vapour deposition precursors

Gallium compounds
Methyl complexes
Pyrophoric materials
This page was last edited on 2 May 2024, at 09:06 (UTC).
 Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0; additional terms may
apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and

Trimethylgallium
13 languages
Article
Talk
Read
Edit
View history
Tools
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Names

IUPAC name
trimethylgallane, trimethanidogallium

Identifiers

CAS Number 1445-79-0

3D model Interactive image

(JSmol)

ChemSpider 14323

ECHA InfoCard 100.014.452

PubChem CID 15051

CompTox DTXSID2061696
Dashboard
(EPA)

show

InChI

show

SMILES

Properties
Chemical Ga(CH3)3
formula

Molar mass 114.827 g/mol

Appearance colourless liquid

Melting point −15 °C (5 °F; 258 K)

Boiling point 55.7 °C (132.3 °F; 328.8 K)

Solubility in Reacts with water

water

Hazards

Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):

Main hazards Pyrophoric (can ignite

spontaneously in air),
reacts with water to
release methane

Except where otherwise noted, data are given

for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C
[77 °F], 100 kPa).
 verify (what is ?)

Infobox references

Trimethylgallium, often abbreviated to TMG or TMGa, is the organogallium

compound with the formula Ga(CH3)3. It is a colorless, pyrophoric liquid.[1] Unlike
trimethylaluminium, TMG adopts a monomeric structure.[2] When examined in
detail, the monomeric units are clearly linked by multiple weak Ga---C
interactions, reminiscent of the situation for trimethylindium.[3]

Preparation[edit]

Two forms of TMG are typically investigated: Lewis base adducts or TMG itself.
All are prepared by reactions of gallium trichloride with various methylating
agents. When the methylation is conducted with methylmagnesium iodide in
diethyl ether, the product is the poorly volatile diethyl ether adduct. As noted by
TMG discoverers Kraus and Toonder in 1933, the ether ligand is not readily lost,
although it may be displaced with liquid ammonia. [4] When the alkylation is
conducted with methyl lithium in the presence of a tertiary phosphine the air-
stable phosphine adduct is obtained:

GaCl3 + 3 MeLi + PR3 → R3P−GaMe3 + 3 LiCl

Heating the solid phosphine adduct under vacuum liberates the base-free TMG: [1]

R3P−GaMe3 → R3P + GaMe3

Other non-volatile bases have been described.[5] Other methylating agents for the
synthesis of TMG include dimethylzinc and trimethylaluminium.

Applications[edit]

TMG is the preferred metalorganic source of gallium for metalorganic vapour

phase epitaxy (MOVPE) of gallium-containing compound semiconductors, such
as GaAs, GaN, GaP, GaSb, InGaAs, InGaN, AlGaInP, InGaP, AlInGaNP and Ga2O3.
[6]
These material are used in the production of LED lighting and semiconductors
as a metalorganic chemical vapor deposition precursor.

References[edit]

1. ^
2. Jump up to:
ab
3. Bradley, D. C.; Chudzynska, H. C.; Harding, I. S. (1997). "Trimethylindium and
Trimethylgallium". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 31. pp. 67–74.
doi:10.1002/9780470132623.ch8. ISBN 978-0-470-13262-3.
4. ^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.).
Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
5. ^ Mitzel, Norbert W.; Lustig, Christian; Berger, Raphael J. F.; Runeberg, Nino (2002).
"Luminescence Phenomena and Solid-State Structures of Trimethyl- and
Triethylgallium". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 41 (14): 2519–2522.
doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20020715)41:14<2519::AID-ANIE2519>3.0.CO;2-2. PMID
12203520.
6. ^ Kraus, C. A.; Toonder, F. E. (1933). "Trimethyl Gallium, Trimethyl Gallium Etherate
and Trimethyl Gallium Ammine". PNAS. 19 (3): 292–8. Bibcode:1933PNAS...19..292K.
doi:10.1073/pnas.19.3.292. PMC 1085965. PMID 16577510.
7. ^ Foster, Douglas F.; Cole-Hamilton, David J. (1997). "Electronic Grade Alkyls of Group
12 and 13 Elements". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 31. p. 29-66.
doi:10.1002/9780470132623.ch7. ISBN 978-0-471-15288-0.
8. ^ Shenai-Khatkhate, D. V.; Goyette, R. J.; Dicarlo, R. L. Jr; Dripps, G. (2004).
"Environment, health and safety issues for sources used in MOVPE growth of
compound semiconductors". Journal of Crystal Growth. 272 (1–4): 816–21.
Bibcode:2004JCrGr.272..816S. doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.09.007.

show

● V
● T
● E

Gallium compounds

Categories:

Chemical vapour deposition precursors

Gallium compounds
Methyl complexes
Pyrophoric materials
This page was last edited on 2 May 2024, at 09:06 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0; additional terms may
apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and