2. Name the bacteria that can fix atmospheric nitrogen.

Answer: Rhizobium is the bacterium which can fix atmospheric nitrogen.

3. Name a parasitic plant with yellow, slender and tubular stem.

Answer: Cuscuta

4. Give one example of parasite.

Answer: Amarbel

5. Name one plant that traps and feeds on insects.

Answer: Pitcher Plant

6. Name a plant that has both autotrophic and heterotrophic mode of

nutrition.

Answer: Insectivorous Plant

7. What are fluffy umbrella-like patches growing on rotting wood

during the rainy season called?

Answer: These organisms are called fungi.

8. How can cells be seen?

Answer: Most type of cells can be seen only under the microscope.

9. Where is nucleus located in a cell?

Answer: In most of the cell, nucleus is centrally located.

10. What are carbohydrates made up of?

Answer: The carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

11. From where do plants get raw materials to prepare their food?

Answer: Plants get raw materials to prepare their food from their
surroundings.

12. Where does the synthesis of food in a plant usually take place?

Answer: The synthesis of food in plants occurs in leaves.

13. What is the ultimate source of energy for all living organisms?

Answer: Sun is the ultimate source of energy for all living organisms.

14. Why do some plants feed on insects?

Answer: Insectivorous plants grow in soil which lack nitrogen, therefore
they eat insects to fulfill their need of nitrogen.

15. What are the components of food?

Answer: Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals are

components of food.

Short Extra Questions and Answers

1. What are insectivorous plants?

Answer: Insect-eating plants such as pitcher plant are called insectivorous

plants.

2. What do you mean by nutrition?

Answer: Nutrition is the mode of taking food by an organism and its

utilization by the body.

3. Why photosynthesis is named so?

Answer: Since the synthesis of food occurs in the presence of sunlight, it is

called photosynthesis (Photo: light; synthesis: to combine).
4. What are heterotrophs?

Answer: Animals and most other organisms take in ready-made food

prepared by the plants. They are called heterotrophs (heteros = other).

5. What are stomata?

Answer: Tiny pores are present on the surface of the leaves which helps in
exchange of gases. Such pores are called stomata.

6. What are called autotrophs?

Answer: Organisms able to make food themselves from simple substances

are called autotrophs.

7. What is heterotrophic nutrition?

Answer: Heterotrophic nutrition is the mode of nutrition in which

organisms depend upon other organisms to survive.

8. What are nutrients?

Answer: Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals are

components of food. These components of food are called nutrients.

9. What is chlorophyll?

Answer: A green pigment present in all green plants which helps leaves to
capture the energy of the sunlight is called chlorophyll.

10. Where and in what conditions do fungi grow?

Answer: Fungi grow on pickles, leather, clothes and other articles that are
left in hot and humid weather for long time.

11. How do fungi grow and develop?

Answer: The fungal spores are generally present in the air. When they land
on wet and warm things they germinate and grow.

12. Why algae are green in colour?

Answer: They contain chlorophyll which gives them the green colour. Algae
can also prepare their own food by photosynthesis.

13. What are the raw materials required for photosynthesis?

Answer: Chlorophyll, sunlight, carbon dioxide and water are necessary to

carry out the process of photosynthesis.

14. Do insectivorous plants perform photosynthesis?

Answer: Insectivorous plants got leaves therefore they can photosynthesis,

which means they can prepare their food in the presence of sunlight.

15. What are algae?

Answer: We often see slimy, green patches in ponds or in other stagnant

water bodies. These are generally formed by the growth of organisms
called algae.

16. Why do organisms need to take food?

Answer: The food enables living organisms to build their bodies, to grow,
to repair damaged parts of their bodies and provide the energy to carry out
life processes.

17. Why plants such as pitcher plant do not get all the required
nutrients from the soil in which they grow?

Answer: Plants such as pitcher plant do not get all the required nutrients
from the soil in which they grow because they are deficient in nutrients
such as nitrogen.
18. What is Cuscuta?

Answer: Cuscuta is a parasitic plant. It is yellow tubular structures twining

around the stem and branches. It does not have chlo