UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY LAHORE,

FAISALABAD CAMPUS
DEPARTMENT OF TEXTILE ENGINEERING

BSc. Textile Engineering

Submitted by
Hadia Nazir (2022-CD-TXE-1)
Muhammad Azeem (2022-TXE-17)
Awais Mehmood Khan (2022-TXE-20)
Submitted To
Engr. Dr faiza/Ms komal
Semester
4th

Subject Title
Dyestuff & color sciences
Subject Code
TEX-206 (Lab)
Table of Contents
Title................................................................................................................................................................3
Abstract..........................................................................................................................................................3
Introduction...................................................................................................................................................3
Experimental.................................................................................................................................................3
Material required............................................................................................................................................4
Recipe…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….4
Procedure……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….4
Result and discussion..................................................................................................................................5
Conclusion...................................................................................................................................................6
Sample..........................................................................................................................................................6
References....................................................................................................................................................6
 Lab Report # 08
Title
To dye the given silk fabric by acid black 41 dye.

Abstract
In this lab, Acid Black 41 was made and applied to silk fabric. is a popular dye used to impart a
deep black color to silk fabrics. As the fabric is to be dyed, the sample was dried, cured, and
cleaned at a variety of temperatures. After that testing of fabric was done a crock meter was used
to verify the fastness property and shade depth test was done.
1.0 Introduction
Dye is a natural or synthetic substance used to add a color to or change the color of something. A
dye is a colored substance that chemically bonds to the substrate to which it is being applied.
This distinguishes dyes from pigments which do not chemically bind to the material they color.
Dye is generally applied in an aqueous solution and may require a mordant to improve the
fastness of the dye on the fiber. [1]
Silk fabric is a natural protein fiber known for its luxurious feel and lustrous appearance. Dyeing
silk fabric with Acid Black 41 dye requires careful consideration of the dye's properties, as well
as the fabric's unique characteristics. The dyeing process must be optimized to achieve the
desired color shade, while also ensuring the fabric's integrity and durability.

Figure 1:Silk Fabric

Acid Black 41 dye is a synthetic dye that belongs to the acid dye class. It has a molecular
structure that allows it to bind strongly to protein fibers, such as silk and wool, resulting in
excellent color fastness. The dye exhibits good lightfastness, washfastness, and resistance to
bleeding, making it an ideal choice for dyeing silk fabrics where color consistency and durability
are critical. Its properties make it suitable for various applications, including high-fashion
garments, upholstery, and textiles.
1.1 Properties
Acid Black 41 dye is a synthetic dye that belongs to the acid dye class. It has a molecular
structure that allows it to bind strongly to protein fibers, such as silk and wool, resulting in
excellent color fastness. The dye exhibits good lightfastness, washfastness, and resistance to
bleeding, making it an ideal choice for dyeing silk fabrics where color consistency and durability
are critical. Its properties make it suitable for various applications, including high-fashion
garments, upholstery, and textiles.
The dye exhibits good stability and solubility in water, making it an ideal choice for dyeing
applications where color consistency and durability are critical. Its molecular formula is
C22H13N6Na3O12S3, and its molecular weight is 718.53593.

1.2 Uses
Acid Black 41 dye is commonly used for dyeing protein fibers such as silk, wool, and nylon, as
well as other materials like leather and synthetic fibers. It is manufactured using a series of
chemical reactions involving 4-(4-Aminophenyl) benzamine, 4-Amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-
2,7-disulfonic acid, 4-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid, and 3-Acetylamino-N,N-diethylaniline.

Figure 2:Acid black 41

1.3 Recipe
Liquor Ratio = 1:40
Dye = 2% O.W.F
Sodium sulphate = 15g/l
Wetting Agent = 1g/l
Sequestering Agent = 1g/l
Leveling Agent = 1g/l
Temperature = 90C
Time = 40 minute
PH = 4-5

2.0 Experimental
Material Required
 Stirrer
 Beaker
 Padder
 Stenter
 Dye
 Dropper
 Pipet
 Weigh balance
 Crock meter

Crock Meter Stenter Padder

2.1 Procedure
 Firstly, take a beaker to make solution.
 Add 2% dye and make solution of 100 ml solution according to percentage.
 Next dye the fabric using water bath machine.
 Dry the fabric using stenter machine for 3 mints to complete dry and cure the fabric.
 Dyed fabric was tested with crocking fastness and shade depth test.

2.2 Results & Discussion

Crocking fastness test
Sr No Dry fastness Wet fastness
01
Conclusion
Dyeing silk fabric with Acid Black 41 dye is a complex process that requires careful attention. It
is possible to achieve a deep, rich black color with excellent color fastness. The resulting fabric
is suitable for a wide range of applications, from high-fashion garments to upholstery and
textiles.

References
[1] D. Y. Nawab, "Dying," in Textile Engineering, Faisalabad, 2016.
"textile fashion," textile fashion study blog, 05 march 2023. [Online]. Available:
http://textilefashionstudy.com/scouring-definition-objectives-effects-and-methods-of-scouring/.