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Vertical Transportation:
Elevators & Escalators

Vertical Transportation:
 The term 'vertical transportation' refers to different types of
equipment that can be used to move building users and
equipment between different levels of a building.
 Vertical transportation systems (VTS) include all kinds of
transportation media within buildings, such as
 lifts,
 escalators,
 hydraulic hoists,
 passenger conveyors, etc.
 It may be considered the most important building services
system for high-rise buildings.

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Lift/Elevator:
A lift or an elevator is a transport device used to move goods or
people vertically.

According to BNBC 2020:

Lifts shall be provided in buildings more than six storeys or 20 m

in height.

Installation of lifts shall be carried out in conformity with the

"Lift Act" and rules there under, wherever they are in force.

Types of Elevator:
There are many different types of elevators which can be used in
different applications, serving different purposes.

Usage

Passenger Goods Vehicle Dumbwaiter Scissor

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Passenger lift:
Passenger lift is designed to move people between floors of a
building.

• Their capacity and speed are related to

• available floor space,
• the building height, and
• the number of people required to be moved.

Hospital lift:
A lift normally installed in a hospital, dispensary, or any other
healthcare facility.

Passenger elevators employ special cars, suitable in size and

shape for transportation of patients in stretchers or standard
hospital beds and attendants accompanying them.

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Types of Elevator:

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Hydraulic Elevator:

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(a) Basic single-wrap rope arrangement. In (b) and (c), the rope
passes over the traction sheave T and sheave S, doubles back over T,
and then extends past S to the counterweight CW. This double-wrap
arrangement provides additional traction at the drive sheave. (d)
Roping arrangement for a basement machine room.

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Escalator:
A moving staircase – a transport device for carrying people
between floors of a building.

Escalators are used to move pedestrian traffic in places where

elevators would be impractical like shopping malls, airports,
convention centers.

Consists of grooved treads and risers (steps) attached to a continuous chain

moved by a driving machine (motor) and supported by a steel truss framework (a
metal structure between two floors).

The installation also includes a handrail on each side of the steps that moves at
the same speed as the steps.

At the top and bottom of the escalator, the steps collapse on each other, creating a
flat platform.

This makes it easier to get on and off the escalator.

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Features:

 Power driven, inclined and continuous stairway

 Used to move large number of people (airports, subway
stations, department stores, shopping malls)
 Application in low- to medium-rise buildings
 No need of operators
 Large capacity and low power consumption
 Reversible in direction
 Normally positioned where traffic is heavy
 Normally installed in pairs

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