GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE, SAMASTIPUR

(Department of Electrical Engineering)

Minor Project Presentation

TRANSMISSION LINE FAULT

DETECTION
Group-03
Meet the
Group Members
Rajeev Kumar Krishna Kumar Singh Sonu Kumar Ray
20103159048 20103159096 20103159005

Nisha Kumari
20103159104

Mentor
Kumar Sagar Nitu Kumari
( Assistant Professor EED) 20103159029

Department of Electrical Engineering, GEC Samastipur

Contents

Introduction Application
Project Overview Advantage
System Components Future Scope
Results
Working Principle
Conclusion
Implementation

Department of Electrical Engineering, GEC Samastipur

Introduction
In today's world, electricity plays a crucial role in our daily life. Within the
power system, various types of faults can occur, often stemming from natural
calamities such as lightning or the collision of tree branches with transmission
lines. These faults can lead to overloading and short circuits, with one of the
most severe being the double line to ground fault, capable of causing significant
damage to electrical equipment.
Among the different fault types, the double line to ground fault poses to the
power system. Swift removal of this fault is essential to prevent damage to
electrical equipment. Identifying the precise location of faults is a paramount
task, enabling early removal and ensuring a continuous and reliable power
supply.

Department of Electrical Engineering, GEC Samastipur

Project Overview
A Single-phase Transmission Line Fault
Detection project aims to detect faults
such as short circuits or line breaks in
electrical transmission lines using
techniques like impedance-based relay.
By monitoring voltage and current
patterns, deviations indicate faults are
identified.

Department of Electrical Engineering, GEC Samastipur

System Components
1. Dual Channel Relay: Acts as a switch to control the circuit based on fault
detection.
2. AC-DC Converter: Converts alternating current (AC) from the
transmission line to direct current (DC) for power the system
3. Bulbs & Holders: Indicate the presence and location of faults.
4. Towers: Support the transmission line and serve as reference points for
fault detection
5. Metal Sheet: Provides protection and grounding for the system
6. Copper Wire & Jumper Wire: Conductors used for wiring and connections.

Department of Electrical Engineering, GEC Samastipur

Working Principle
1. LL Fault Detection: When a LL fault occurs, it disrupts the flow of current
between two phases. The system detects this interruption and triggers the relay to
isolate the faulty segment.
2. LG Fault Detection: In case of a LG fault, the system senses the abnormal current
flow to the ground and activates the relay to isolate the fault.
3. LLG Fault Detection: This fault scenario involves a combination of LL and LG
faults. The system identifies the simultaneous occurrence of both faults and takes
appropriate action to isolate the faulty segment.
4. Fault Localization: The bulbs connected at various points along the transmission
line illuminate to indicate the presence and location of faults.

Department of Electrical Engineering, GEC Samastipur

Implementation

Dual Channel Relay AC to DC Converter

Department of Electrical Engineering, GEC Samastipur

Circuit Diagram

Department of Electrical Engineering, GEC Samastipur

Application Advantage
1. Substations 1. Safety Equipment
2. Transmission Lines 2. More Reliable
3. Industries 3. Reduce Losses
4. Apartments 4. Highly Sensitive
5. More Efficient

Department of Electrical Engineering, GEC Samastipur

Future Scope
Future enhancements for the Single Phase Transmission
Line Fault Detection project involve advancing fault
prediction algorithms.
Integrating machine learning for more accurate fault
identification.
Additionally, exploring renewable energy integration and
developing a scalable system for broader applications in
power distribution networks is part of the ongoing scope.

Department of Electrical Engineering, GEC Samastipur

Results
The project successfully detected LL, LG, and LLG
faults in single-phase transmission lines with high
accuracy. Utilizing dual-channel relay, AC-DC
converter, bulbs, and other components, it achieved
reliable fault identification, ensuring efficient grid
operation and minimizing downtime.

Department of Electrical Engineering, GEC Samastipur

Conclusion
In conclusion, the Single Phase Transmission Line Fault
Detection Project effectively detects Line-Line, Line-
Ground, and Line-Line Ground faults using dual-channel
relay, AC-DC converter, bulbs, towers, metal sheet, and
wires. Its implementation underscores the importance of
fault detection in ensuring the reliability and safety of
electrical transmission systems.

Department of Electrical Engineering, GEC Samastipur

Department of Electrical Engineering, GEC Samastipur