Pitlochry Primary School Online

Programme
Dear Grade 6 Scientists
This week we will focus on Mixtures and Water Resources. Work through the revision exercises
carefully. Summaries the notes on the 3 different forms of water pollution using a mind map.

I trust that you have completed the activities that

were uploaded last week and have filed them.
Enjoy the next three lessons.
Remember to always try your best.

Have fun and I hope to see you all soon!

With love, Mrs N Chetty

 Lesson 10
Mixtures and Water
Resources
Grade: 6

Presented By:
Mrs N Chetty
Pitlochry Primary School Educator
 KEY QUESTIONS:
1. Why is it important for humans, plants and animals to have
access to clean water?

2. What is the difference between clean water and polluted

water?

3. What are the different things that pollute water?

When is water clean?
We could say that clean water is free of pollutants.

What are pollutants?

Pollutants are substances (or objects) that do not naturally
belong in the water and are harmful to us and to the
environment
Pollutants may be any of the following:

*Insoluble pollutants: these are things that do not dissolve in

the water but make it dirty, such as oil, garbage and toilet
waste (sewage).

*Soluble pollutants: these are chemicals (eg. soaps,

fertilisers) and poisons (eg. insecticides).

*Living germs: Bacteria that can cause people or animals to

get sick
 Insoluble Pollutants:
Examples: oil, plastics tyres, tin and
sewage waste
Insoluble pollutants
Insoluble pollutants cannot dissolve in water. Not all
insoluble substances are harmless.

Oil pollution
Oil can also pollute large amounts of water.
Oil spreads as a thin layer on top of water. The oil
kills wildlife and plants that depend on the river.
Oils make the water undrinkable and it is impossible
and it is impossible to remove all of the oil once it is
in the water.
 Insoluble Substances:
Preventing water pollution
* Never throw waste into a river or on the ground

* Never pour oil down a drain/sink

* Most insoluble items can be removed from the river by hand.

Organised river clean-ups can remove many insoluble
pollutants from our rivers.
 Soluble Pollutants:
Examples:
*Fertilisers and pesticides from
farms
*Chemicals used in factories
*Detergents used for washing,
cleaning etc.
Soluble pollutants dissolve in water. This means it is very
difficult to know if they are in water or not. They are
virtually impossible to remove and cause pollution which
then makes the water undrinkable and poisons the water
so that nothing can live in it. It can cause another
problem called Eutrophication.
Eutrophication is when small plants called algae feed of
the fertilisers, detergents and even some chemicals.
The algae grow very fast and turn the rivers and lakes
green. The water cannot be used for drinking. When the
algae die, they sink to the bottom of the river or lake,
they decompose and that process uses up all the oxygen
in the river.
 Soluble Substances:
Preventing water pollution
* Use as little soap and detergent as possible.

* Use as little fertiliser as possible in your garden.

* Avoid using pesticides and herbicides in the garden.

 Living Germs:
Germs are ‘living creatures’ that cannot be seen with the
naked eye. Even clean looking water can have germs. Germs
cause diseases and cause people to become ill.
The most common illness carried by water is diarrhoea.
Diarrhoea causes a person to lose a lot of water. They cannot
eat food and become very weak. The most common cause of
death among young children is diarrhoea.
These bacteria are common in areas where there is no proper
sanitation or piped water. The sewage from people is washed
into rivers. People drink the water and become ill. This forms a
cycle of infection.
 To avoid contracting diseases that are transported in
water, do the following:

* Do not play in or drink polluted water.

* Wash your hands with soap before eating.

* Report broken toilets.

 The Cycle of Infection:
People have no access to
toilets.
Sewage is washed into
the rivers and lakes.

People become ill with People drink the water or use

diarrhoea. the water for cooking.
Children play in the water.
 Lesson 11
Revision: Mixtures and
Water Resources
Grade: 6

Presented By:
Mrs N Chetty
Pitlochry Primary School Educator
 Activity 11:
1. List three types of insoluble substances polluting rivers.

2. Explain the term water pollution.

3. What can you do at home to prevent water pollution and

use water wisely?
4. Briefly explain how water pollution negatively impacted the
environment in each of the following scenarios:
* Whale gets tangled in fishing lines.
* Fish die from lack of oxygen in river.
* People get diarrhoea.

5. Explain how the cycle of infection can be broken.