Materials Science and Engineering for ME (MEMT 0323)

Name: Guevarra, Aira Clarisse T. Activity #01

Course, Year & Section: BSME 3B Date: 03/08/24

1. Write down at least ten (10) important learnings in this chapter.

● I am aware of the connections between a material's structure and properties.
● Acquiring knowledge of these diverse characterization methodologies endows us with the abilities to
proficiently study and assess materials.
● We discover the importance of mechanical attributes like toughness, elasticity, and hardness in judging
a material's appropriateness for a certain use.
● Gain an understanding of the intricacies of materials and how they have shaped the world around us.
● Understand the importance of the materials used in contemporary engineering applications.
● Recognizing the underlying idea of material science, which is that "structure leads to properties"
● Find out how thermally activated processes work in many of these necessary "things"
● Understanding material behavior in the context of electronic and magnetic applications is expanded
by learning about electrical and magnetic properties.
● Understanding the complexities of material behavior at the atomic level through the study of crystal
structures and defects, which paves the way for further research and innovation in material design and
development.
● We gain deep insights into material selection and design optimization as a result of our understanding
of how external forces affect materials' behavior under various circumstances.
 2. Select one modern item or device and conduct an internet search in order to determine what
specific material(s) is (are) used and what specific properties this (these) material(s)
possess(es) in order for the device/item to function properly. Finally, write a short essay in
which you report your findings.

Incandescent Light Bulb

The main components of an incandescent light bulb include a tungsten filament, inert gas (such as
argon), a glass bulb, and a metal base.

Tungsten, its high melting point (more than 3400 degrees Celsius) and great electrical conductivity, it
was chosen as the principal filament material. Its high melting point allows the filament to achieve
temperatures that cause it to glow and generate light, resulting in the desired illumination effect, while
tungsten's ability to preserve structural integrity at these high temperatures ensures the bulb's longevity.
Inert gas, typically argon, is used to fill the bulb to keep the filament from oxidizing at such high
temperatures. It contributes to the filament's stability, preventing early oxidation.
The glass bulb encases the filament and gas, forming a protective barrier and allowing light to be
emitted evenly. Its transparency allows emitted light to pass through while also sheltering the fragile filament
from external influences and providing structural support.
The metal base serves as a connection point for the electrical current that powers the bulb. It is often
composed of aluminum or brass and serves as a reliable electrical connection point, ensuring that current flows
to the filament and the bulb lights up properly.

Incandescent light bulbs have been a staple in lighting technology for many decades, and while their
popularity has waned in recent years due to the rise of more energy-efficient options, understanding the
specific materials used in their construction is essential to appreciate their function. In conclusion, the specific
materials used in incandescent light bulbs, such as tungsten, inert gas, glass, and metal, possess unique
properties that are essential for the proper function of these traditional lighting sources. Tungsten's high
melting point and electrical conductivity, combined with the inert gas's protective properties, ensure the
filament's longevity and efficient light emission. The glass bulb provides a transparent enclosure for the
filament and gas while offering structural support and protective barriers. The metal base serves as a robust
electrical connection point, facilitating the flow of current to power the bulb. Understanding these materials
and their properties is vital for appreciating the design and functionality of incandescent light bulbs, even as
newer, more energy-efficient lighting options continue to gain popularity.