Cherish, Carol, Grisella, Alannah 8A

1. Differences between nervous and endocrine system:

The nervous system uses electrical impulses to send messages through neurons,
endocrine glands use hormones to send messages to the target cells through the
bloodstream.

2. Locate different glands in the body

● Hypothalamus (in the brain)
● Pituitary (in the brain)
● Thyroid (front of neck)
● Parathyroids (behind thyroid glands)
● Adrenals (top of both kidneys)
● Pineal body (midline of brain)
● The ovaries (uterus)
● The testes (penis)

3. Hormones produced by:

● Hypothalamus - Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH), gonadotropin releasing
hormone (GnRH), growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH), corticotropin
releasing hormone (CRH)
 ● Pituitary - Growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin,
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),
luteinising hormone
● Thyroid - thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) and calcitonin
● Parathyroids - Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
● Adrenals - Adrenaline
● Pineal body - Melatonin
● The ovaries - Estrogen and progesterone
● The testes - Testosterone

4. The roles of each glands :

● Hypothalamus - to react to messages to keep your body in a stable state or
internal balance.
● Pituitary - regulates growth.
● Thyroid - control metabolism/energy use
● Parathyroid - produce parathyroid hormone which regulates calcium levels in
blood.
● Adrenals - regulate metabolism, immune system, blood pressure, response to
stress and other essential functions.
● Pineal body - help control the circadian cycle of sleep and wakefulness by
secreting melatonin.
● The ovaries - play an important role in menstruation and conception.
● The testes - responsible for making sperm and are involved in producing a
hormone called testosterone.

5. Explain how blood glucose is regulated in the body:

Levels of glucagon and insulin are changed. When blood glucose levels are low, the
pancreas secretes glucagon and when more glucagon is secreted, less insulin is
secreted. Insulin helps blood sugar enter the body’s cells so it can be used for energy
while glucagon raises blood sugar.