Hkimo S1 (2018-2022)

香港國際數學競賽初賽 2 0 1 8
TIONAL MAT
NA H
EM
KON TER
ATICAL OLY
G IN
G MP
HON IAD
Hong Kong International

Mathematical Olympiad
Past Paper Booklet 2018
Heat Round
奧冠教育出版社 Olympiad Champion Education Publisher

版權所有不得翻印 All Rights Reserved
香港國際數學競賽初賽 2018
Mathematical Olympiad Heat
H香港國際數學競賽初賽 Round 2018
2018
ONG KONG INTERNATIONAL
HONG KONG INTERNATIONAL
MATHEMATICAL
HONG KO LYMPIAD
ONG HEAT ROUND 2018
INTERNATIONAL
MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIAD HEAT ROUND 2018
Secondary
Secondary 11 Detailed
Detailed Solution
Solution
Secondary 1 Detailed Solution
中學一年級
Secondary 1
中學一年級詳細解答
Detailed
詳細解答 Solution
Logical Thinking
Logical
Logical
邏輯思維Thinking
Thinking
Logical
邏輯思維 Thinking
邏輯思維
1. Given A and D are two non-zero digits and the 2-digit numbers formed by these two digits have the
1. Given A and D are two non-zero digits and the 2-digit numbers formed by these two digits have the
1. following
Given properties:
A and D are two non-zero digits and the 2-digit numbers formed by these two digits have the
following properties:
following
1. DA is properties:
a prime number;
1. DA is a prime number;
2. AD is a product of two prime numbers which are larger than 5;
Find the 2-digit number DA .
Find the
已知 A和 2-digit number DA .
D 為兩個非零數位，且利用這兩個數位組成的兩位數有以下性質：
已知 A 和 D 為兩個非零數位，且利用這兩個數位組成的兩位數有以下性質：
1. DA 是質數；
1. DA 是質數；
2. AD 是兩個大於 5 的質數之積；
2. AD 是兩個大於 5 的質數之積；
Answer: 19
求兩位數 DA 。
求兩位數19  1DA
19。
91 7 13
Answer: 19
19  119
Answer: 19
91 1719
19 13
91 7 13
2. Andy goes north for 20km, then goes east for 15km. How far is he now from the original position?
2. Andy goes north for 20km, then goes east for 15km. How far is he now from the original position?
2. Andy goes north20for
安迪向北走了 20km, then goes15
公里，向東走了 east for 15km. How far is he now from the original position?
公里，問他和原來位置相距多遠？
安迪向北走了 20 公里，向東走了 15 公里，問他和原來位置相距多遠？
Answer: 25
Answer: 25
Answer: 25 2
202  1522  25
20  15  25
2 2
20  15  25 奧冠教育出版社 Olympiad Champion Education Publisher
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Rights Reserved
139
139
Hong Kong International Mathematical Olympiad Heat Round 2018
3. How many time(s) does hour hand and minute hand of a clock form a right angle for a day?
Answer: 44
360
 24  2  22  2  44
6  0.5
4. Amy is reading a novel. She read 1 page in the first day, 2 pages the second day, 3 pages the third
day, etc, until the total pages she read are multiples of 56. How many pages does she read until then?
Answer: 1176
56 23  7
1  2  ...  n  56m
Heat Round
n(n  1)
 56m
2
n(n  1)  24  7  m
n(n  1)  48  49
n  48
m  21
5. There are 4 pairs of white chopsticks, 6 pairs of yellow chopsticks and 3 pairs of brown chopsticks
mixed together. Close your eyes. If you want to get 1 pair of chopsticks of each colour, at least how
many piece(s) of chopstick(s) is / are needed to be taken?
Answer: 22
(8  12  1)  1 22
140
Algebra
Algebra
代數
6. Find the value of y if (2 y  24)  (9 y  79) 

0.
若 (2 y  24)  (9 y  79) 0 ，求 y 的值。
Answer: 5
(2 y  24)  (9 y  79) 0
en?
11y  55
總
y 5
7. 48 , find the maximum value of x  y .

If x and y are positive integers and 2 x  4 y 
若 x 和 y 是正整數且 2 x  4 y  48 ，求 x  y 的最大值。
Answer: 23
2x  4 y 48
x  2y  24
x  y  23
8. How many integral solution(s) is / are there for x if 777  9 x  25  29 ?

若 777  9 x  25  29 ，則 x 有多少個整數解？
Answer: 89
w 777  9 x  25  29
752  9 x  54
的 83  x  5
83  5  1 89
9. 102 and a b  6 , find the

Given a and b are positive real numbers and satisfy equations a2  b2 
value of a  b .
102 和 a b  6 ，求 a  b 的值。
已知 a、b 皆為正實數且滿足等式 a2  b2 
Answer: 17
a b 6
a 2  b 2  (a  b)(a  b)  102
ab  17

版權所有不得翻印 All141 Rights Reserved
10. Factorise x2  11x  30 .

因式分解 x2  11x  30 。
Answer: ( x  5)( x  6)
x2  11x  30  ( x  5)( x  6)
Heat Round
142
Number
Number Theory
Theory
數論
11. Find the sum of all positive factor(s) of 7777.
Answer: 9792
7777 7 11101
(7  1)  (11  1)  (101  1) 9792
12. From 1 to 2018, how many integer(s) is / are divisible by 3 and 4, but not divisible by 8?
Answer: 84
3 4 12
2018  12 
168...2
The LCM of 8 and 12 is 24.
8 和 12 的最小公倍數為 24。
2018  24 
84...2
168  84 
84
13. B is an integer such that B17 is a 21-digit number with 6 as unit digit. Find B.
Answer: 16
The unit digit of B is 6 and B is a 21-digit number. So B 16.
17
1 1
14. Given x 0 and x  3, find the value of x2  .
x x2
Answer: 7
1 1
x2   ( x  )2  2  9  2  7
x2 x
143 Education Publisher

奧冠教育出版社 Olympiad Champion
15. The difference between two square numbers is 348. What is minimum value of the larger square?
Answer: 1024
x2  y 2  348
( x  y )( x  y )  348  58  6
x y  58
x y  6
x  32
x 2  1024
Heat Round
144
Geometry
Geometry
幾何
16. A cube with side length 12 is cut into cubes with side length 1. Find the increase in total surface area
of the cubes.
一個邊長12的正方體被切成若干個邊長為1的正方體，總表面面積一共增加了多少？
Answer: 9504
123  6 12 12  6 9504
17. An iron wire is bent into a circle whose radius is 14. If the wire is now bent into a rectangle, what is
22
the maximum value of area of this rectangle? (Take  
)
7
一條鐵線被屈成一個半徑為 14 的圓形，若這條鐵線現在被屈成一個矩形，面積最大是多少？
22
（取   ）
Answer: 484 7
22
14  2  88
Answer: 484 7
88 224 22
14  2  2  88
227  484
88  4  22
222  484
18. Small cubes with side length 1 are combined according to the pattern shown below. If there are 31
layers, find the volume.
邊長為 1 的小立方體按以下規律組合成立體，如果它有 31 層，求該立體的體積。
Question 18
Question 18
第 18 題
Answer: 1891
1  5  9  ...  121 122  31  2 1891

19. The hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle is 10, find the maximum area of the triangle.
Answer: 25
10 10  4 25
20. An interior angle of a n-sided polygon is 5 times of an exterior angle. Find n.
Answer: 12
An interior angle is 180  (5  1)  5 
150 degrees.
一隻內角為 180  (5  1)  5  150 度。
(n  2)180
 150
n
n  12
Heat Round
146
Combinatorics
Combinatorics
組合數學
21. For a n-digit number which leftmost digit is 2, if the leftmost digit is now put at the rightmost, the
new number formed is 3 times the original. Find the minimum value of n.
Answer: 6
Let the original number be 2 10n  a .
設原本的數為 2 10n  a 。
3(2 10n  a)  10a  2
6 10n  2
7a 
6 10n  2
a
7
n6
22. 18th April, 2018 is Wednesday, which year will 18th April be Wednesday again?
Answer: 2029
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029
Thur Sat Sun Mon Tue Thur Fri Sat Sun Tue Wed
四六日一二四五六日二三
23. In how many possible ways can 9 identical balls be distributed to 4 distinct boxes?
Answer: 220
C312  220

147
24. Use 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8 to form six-digit numbers. The odd digits cannot be next to each other and the
even digits cannot be next to each other. How many number(s) can be formed in this way?
使用 1、2、4、5、7、8 中組成六位數，令奇數位值和奇數位值不相鄰，偶數位值和偶數位
值不相鄰。問這樣的數有多少個？
Answer: 72
3! 3! 2 72
25. If Amy goes from point A to point B, each step can only move up or move right. How many way(s)
is / are there?
如果艾美從 A 點走到 B 點，每步只能向上或向右走，共有多少種走法？

B
Heat Round
A
Question
Question25
25
第 25 題
Answer: 25
1 4 11 11 25
3 7 9 14
1 3 4 2 5
1 2 1 2 3
1 1 1 1 1
~ End ~of全卷完
Paper~ ~
~ End of Paper ~
148
Heat Round 2018
Heat Round 2018
Secondary
Secondary11 Answer
Answer Key Key
Logical Thinking Number Theory Combinatorics
1) 11) 21)
4 4 4 4 4 4
19 9792 6
2) 12) 22)
4 4 4 4 4 4
25 84 2029
3) 13) 23)
4 4 4 4 4 4
44 16 220
Heat Round
4) 14) 24)
4 4 4 4 4 4
1176 7 72
5) 15) 25)
4 4 4 4 4 4
22 1024 25
Arithmetic / Algebra Geometry
6) 16)
4 4 4 4
5 9504
7) 17)
4 4 4 4
23 484
8) 18)
4 4 4 4
89 1891
9) 19)
4 4 4 4
17 25
10) 20)
4 4 4 4
( x  5)( x  6) 12
188

香港國際數學競賽總決賽 2 0 1 8
TIONAL MAT
NA H
EM
KON TER
ATICAL OLY
G IN
G MP
HON IAD

Final Round

Hong Kong International Mathematical Olympiad Final Round 2018
香港國際數學競賽總決賽 2018
Mathematical Olympiad Final 2018
香港國際數學競賽總決賽 Round 2018
HONG KOONG
MATHEMATICAL INTERNATIONAL
LYMPIAD FINAL ROUND 2018
MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIAD FINAL ROUND 2018
Secondary 11
Secondary Detailed
Detailed Solution
Solution
中學一年級
Secondary
中學一年級
1 詳細解答
Detailed
詳細解答
Solution
Logical Thinking
Logical Thinking
Logical Thinking
邏輯思維
邏輯思維
1. Given A, B and C are three non-zero digits and the 3-digit numbers formed by these three digits
1. A, following
Giventhe
have B and C are three non-zero digits and the 3-digit numbers formed by these three digits
properties:
have the following properties:
Final Round
1. ABC is only one prime factor, which is a one-digit integer;

1. ABC is only one prime factor, which is a one-digit integer;
2. BAC is a product of 2 and a three-digit prime;
2. BAC is a product of 2 and a three-digit prime;
3. BCA is a prime.
3. BCA is a prime.
Find the 3-digit number CBA .
Find the 3-digit number CBA.
已知 A，B 和 C 為三個非零數位，且利用這三個數位組成的三位數有以下性質：
1. ABC 只有一個質因數，該數為一位數；
2. BAC 是 2 和一個三位質數之積；
3. BCA 是一個質數。
Answer: 821
求三位數 CBA 。
BAC  0(mod 2)
 ABC  2n 128 / 256 / 512
A  2,5
Answer: 821
 CBA  821
BAC  0(mod 2)
 ABC  2n 
128 / 256 / 512
A  2,5
 CBA 
821 奧冠教育出版社 Olympiad Champion Education Publisher
166
166
2. Andy goes west for 36km, then goes north for 27km. How far is he now from the original position?
Answer: 45
362  27 2 
45
3. The average of some numbers is 20. After adding three numbers, 27, 53 and 40, the average of all
numbers will increase by 3. How many numbers are there originally?
Answer: 17
(27  53  40  23  3)  3  51  3  17
4. Amy is reading a novel. She reads 1 page on the first day, 2 pages on the second day, 3 pages on the
third day, etc, until the total pages she read are multiples of 80. How many pages does she read until
then?
Answer: 2080
n(n  1)
 80m
2
n(n  1) 160m
160 25  5
m n 64
 26, 
64  65
2
 2080
167
5. There are 5 pairs of white chopsticks, 4 pairs of yellow chopsticks and 3 pairs of brown chopsticks
mixed together. Close your eyes. If you want to get 2 pairs of chopsticks which are not white, at
least how many piece(s) of chopstick(s) is / are needed to be taken?
Answer: 15
10  3  1  1 15
6. John puts some candies into bags. If he puts 5 candies in each bag, 3 candies are left. If he puts 7
candies in each bag, 4 candies are left. If he put 9 candies in each bag, 5 candies are left. At least
how many candies are there?
Final Round
Answer: 158
5 : 3,8,13,18, 23,...
7 : 4,11,18,...
18,53,88,123,158
9 : 5,14, 23,...,158
158
168
ks
Algebra
Algebra
代數
睛的
7. Find the value of y if (3 y  15)  (7 y  57) 
2.
若 (3 y  15)  (7 y  57) 2 ，求 y 的值。
Answer: 11
(3 y  15)  (7 y  57) 
2
4 y  42  2
4 y  44
y  11
成一 8. 73 , find the minimum value of x  y .

If x and y are positive integers and 4 x  5 y 
若 x 和 y 是正整數且 4 x  5 y  73 ，求 x  y 的最小值。
Answer: 15
x 17 12 7 2
y 1 5 9 13
x y 18 17 16 15
9. How many positive integral solution(s) is / are there for (x,y) if 5x  6 y 

268 ?
若 5x  6 y 
268 ，則(x,y)有多少個正整數解？
Answer: 9
x 2 8 14 20 26 32 38 44 50
y 43 38 33 28 23 18 13 8 3

88 and a 11  b , find the

10. Given a and b are positive real numbers and satisfy equations a2  b2 
value of ab .
88 和 a 11  b ，求 ab 的值。
已知 a、b 皆為正實數且滿足等式 a2  b2 
33
Answer:
2
a 11  b
ab 11
( a  b) 2 
121
a 2  2ab  b 2 121
2ab
 121  88
33
ab 
2
11. Factorise  x2  2 x  48 .
因式分解  x2  2 x  48 。
Final Round
Answer: (8  x)( x  6) / ( x  8)( x  6)
 x2  2 x  48 ( x2  2 x  48) ( x  8)( x  6) (8  x)( x  6)
12. Find the value of 12  22  32  42  ...  982  992 .

求 12  22  32  42  ...  982  992 的值。
Answer: 4950
12  22  32  42  ...  982  992
 (1002  992  ...  22  1)  1002
(1  ...  100)  10000
 10000  5050
 4950
170
the
Number Theory
Number Theory
數論
13. Find the number of all positive factor(s) of 2368.
Answer: 14
2368 26  37
 (6  1)  (1  1)  7  2  14
14. From 1 to 1056, how many integers are divisible by 3 or 7, but not divisible by 11?
Answer: 411
1056  1056  1056  1056  1056  1056 
(   )  (   )
 3   7   21   33   77   231 
 (352  150  50)  (32  13  4)
 452  41
 411
2
15. It is known that x is rational, x  0 and x  1+ . Find the value of x.
2
1+
1+...
Answer: 2
2
x  1+
2
1+
1+...
2
x 1
x
x2  x  2 0
( x  2)( x  1) 
0
x2/ x 
1(rej )( x  0)

1 1
16. Given x  0 and x 9  , find the value of x 2  2 .
x x
Answer: 83
1
x 9 
x
1
x 
9
x
1
( x  )2 92
x
1
x2  2  2  81
x
1
x2  2  83
x
Final Round
17. A square number n would also be a square number if it adds 144 or minus 156. Find n.
Answer: 256
n  144 a2


b2
n  156 
a 2  b2  300
 1 300
 2 150  (76  74)  (76  74)  n  5632
 3 100
 4  75
 5  60
 6  50  (28  22)  (28  22)  n  640
 10  30  (20  10)  (20  10)  n  256
 15  20
n  256
172

18. Given that the L.C.M. of 2 consecutive even numbers is 10 times of the larger number. Find the
square difference between these two integers.
Answer: 84
2  a  (a  1)  2  a  10
a 1  10
a  11
 20, 22
222  202
 84
173
Geometry
Geometry
幾何
19. A cube with side length 11 is coloured and cut into cubes with side length 1. Find the number of
cubes with 2-side coloured.
Answer: 108
9 43 108
20. An iron wire is bent into a square which side length is 33. If the wire is now bent into a circle, what
22
is the area of this circle? (Take   )
7
Final Round
Answer: 1386
22 22
 (33  4   2)2 1386
7 7
21. Two sides of a triangle are 6cm and 8cm long. Find the maximum area of the triangle.
Answer: 24
6  8  2 24
22. The hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle is 18 and one of the angles is 60 degrees. Find the area of
the triangle.
81 3
Answer:
2
9  182  92 81 3

2 2
174
23. An interior angle of a n-sided regular polygon is 40 degrees more than an interior angle of a regular
hexagon. Find n.
一個正 n 邊形的其中一隻內角比正六邊形的一隻內角大 40 度，求 n。
Answer: 18
180  (6  2)
正方  40  120  40  160
6
180  (n  2)
 160
n
180 n  360  160 n
20 n  360
n  18
what
24. BO and CO are the angle bisector of AOC and BOD respectively. Given that AOD 90 ,
COE  70 . Find DOE .

積。 BO 和 CO 分別為 AOC 和 BOD 的角平分線。已知 AOD  90 ， COE  70 ，求 DOE 。
B C D
A E
O
Question 24
Question 24
第 24 題
Answer: 40
70  (90  3)  70  30  40
of
175
Combinatorics
Combinatorics
組合數學
25. For a n-digit number which rightmost digit is 7, if the rightmost digit is now put at the leftmost, the
new number formed is 5 times the original. Find the minimum value of n.
Answer: 6
5  (10b  7) 7 10n 1  b
7 10n 1  35
49b 
10n 1  5
b
7
n  6
Final Round
26. A group of six people consists of 3 couples sitting in a row to have dinner. What is the probability of
all couples sitting together?
1
Answer:
15
1 1
1  1  1 1
5 3
1

15
27. In how many possible ways can 12 identical balls be distributed to 3 distinct boxes?
Answer: 91
C212 2
 91

版權所有不得翻印 All 176Rights Reserved
28. Throw the dice four times. Find the probability of getting different results every time.
5
Answer:
he 18
5 4 3 5
1   
的5 6 6 6 18
29. There are 4 identical Chinese books and 5 identical English books on a bookshelf. How many
different arrangements are there?
Answer: 126
C49  C55 
126
y of
30. Choose three digits, without repetition, from 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 0 to construct three-digit numbers. Of
these three-digit numbers, how many of them are divisible by 3 or 5?
Answer: 62
6 4  4 3  4 4  4  5 4  6
 36  16  4  20  6
 62
~ End of Paper
~ 全卷完 ~ ~
~ End of Paper ~
177
Hong
HongKong International
Kong International
Final Round 2018
Final Round 2018
Secondary 1 Answer Key
5
1) 13) 25)
5 5 5 5 5 5
821 14 6
5
2) 14) 1
5 5 5 5 5 26) 5
45 411 15
5 3) 15) 27)
5 5 5 5 5 5
17 2 91
5 4) 16) 5
5 5 5 5 5 28) 5
2080 83 18
5 5) 17) 29)
5 5 5 5 5 5
15 256 126
5 6) 18) 30)
5 5 5 5 5 5
158 84 62
7) 19)
5 5 5 5
11 108
8) 20)
5 5 5 5
15 1386
9) 21)
5 5 5 5
9 24
33 81 3
5 10) 5 5 22) 5
2 2
11) (8  x)( x  6) 23)
5 5 5 5
( x  8)( x  6) 18
12) 24)
5 5 5 5
4950 40
226

TIONAL MAT
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Heat Round

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 167
香港國際數學競賽初賽 2019 解


Open-Ended Questions (1st ~20th) (3 points for correct answer, no penalty 2

point for wrong answer)
Logical Thinking
Heat Round
解
1. Given A and B are two non-zero digits and the 2-digit numbers
formed by these two digits have the following properties:
1. BA is a prime number greater than 30;
3
2. AB only has 1 prime factor and is not prime.;
Find the 2-digit number BA.

67 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 168
解：61
A  1/ 3 / 7 / 9
2 : 2, 4,8,16,32, 64
3 : 3,9, 27,81
5 : 5, 25
7 : 7, 49
 AB  16 / 32
 23  30
 61
y 2. Alice goes west for 60km, then goes north for 25km. How far is she
now from the original position?
解：65
60 2  252  5 12 2  52  5 13  65
3. How many time(s) does hour hand and minute hand of a clock form a
right angle for a day?
有
解：44
x 11x
x  30 
360 12
11x
  90 / 90
12
11
 24   2  44
12

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 169
4. Alice is saving money. She save $1 on the first day, $3 on the second 6
day, $5 on the third day, etc, until the total money she saved are
multiples of 60. How long does she need to save?
解
解：30
60  2 2  3  5
2
 n 1
1  3  5  7  ...  n   
 2 
n 1
  2  3 5  30
2
7
Heat Round
Algebra
解
5. Find the value of x if (81+10x) −(6x −15 = )0 .
解： 24
(81  10x)  (6 x  15)  0
81  10 x  6 x  15  0
4 x  96  0
x  24

69 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 170
d 6. If x and y are positive integers and 3x −9y =27 , find the minimum
value of x −y .
，
解：11
3 x  9 y  27
x  3y  9
y  1, 2,3,...
x  12,15,18
x  y  11,13,15,...
11
7. How many integral solution(s) is / are there for z if

662 >7z +18 − >31 ?
解：98
662  7 z  18  31
644  7 z  49
92  z  7
 91,90,..., 0, 1,..., 6
 91  1  6  98

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 171
8. Given a and b are positive real numbers and satisfy equations a2 −b2 = 1
128 and a =8 −b , find the value of b −a .
解： 16 解
2 2
a  b  128
 a  b  a  b   128
8  a  b   128 1
a  b  16
 b  a  16
解
Heat Round
Number Theory
解：2456
2023  7 17 2
 1  7   1  17  289   8  307  2456

71 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 172
10. From 1 to 2019, how many integer(s) is / are divisible by 3 and 7, but
not divisible by 6?
解：48
2019  21  96...3
 96  2  48
200 300 400
11. Find the unit value of 2 +3 +4 .
解：3
2200  3300  4400  6  1  6 mod10   3 mod10 

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 173
1 1 1
12. Given x  0 and x   4 , find the value of x 3  3 .
x x
解：52
1
x 4
x
1 解
x2  2  2  16
x
1 1
x3  x   3  14  4
x x
1
Heat Round
x3  3  56  4
x
 52
Geometry
13. A cube with side length 8 is cut into cubes with side length 2. Find the
increase in total surface area of the cubes.
解：1152
2  2  6  4  4  4  8  8  6  8  8  6  3  1152

73 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 174
14. An iron wire is bent into two circles whose radiui are 14. If the wire is
now bent into 4 identical rectangles, what is the maximum value of
22
area of each rectangle? (Take   )
7
解：121
22
14  2   2  4  4  11
7
1111  121
he

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 175
15. Small cubes with side length 1 are combined according to the pattern
shown below. If there are 28 layers, find the total volume.
Question 15
Heat Round
解：448
1  5  1  9  ...  1  1  28  2  4 
14  62
 1 14  1
2
 14  434
 448
16. The hypotenuse of a triangle is 10, find the maximum area of the
解
triangle.
解：25
10 10  2  2  5  5  25

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 176
Combinatorics
17. For a n-digit number which leftmost digit is 1, if the leftmost digit is
now put at the rightmost, the new number formed is 3 times the
original. Find the minimum value of n.
解：6
110 n 1
 k   3  10k  1
3 10n1  1  7k
 299999  0  mod 7 
 k  42857
6
18. 1st April, 2019 is Monday, which year will 1st April be Friday for the
earliest case?
解：2022
1: 2021, 2022, 2023,...
2 : 2020, 2024,...
5 :1  2  1  1
 2022

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 177
19. In how many possible ways can 10 identical flowers be distributed to

3 distinct vases with at least one in each vase?
解：36
98
C29   36
2
填
20. Use 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 to form six-digit numbers. The odd digits cannot be
next to each other. How many number(s) can be formed in this way? O
p
Heat Round
解：480
6! 5! 2
1
 4  5!
 4  5 4  3 2
 480
~ End of Paper ~

223 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 224

Heat Round 2019
3 3
1) 3 3
9) 3 3
17) 3
61 2456 6
3 3
2) 3 3
10) 3 3
18) 3
65 48 2022
3
3) 3 3
11) 3 3
19) 3
3 44 3 36
3
4) 3 3
12) 3 3
20) 3
30 52 480
3
3
5) 3 3
13) 3
24 1152
3
6) 3 3
14) 3
11 121
3
7) 3 3
15) 3
98 448
3
8) 3 3
16) 3
16 25

香港國際數學競賽晉級賽 2 0 1 9
TIONAL MAT
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KON TER
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HON IAD

Semi-Final

香港國際數學競賽晉級賽 2019
01 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 202
MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIAD SEMI-FINAL 2019
Open-Ended Questions (1st ~25th) (4 points for correct answer, no penalty

Logical Thinking
1. According to the pattern shown below, what is the number in the

blank?
2 、 12 、 30 、 56 、 90 、 132 、 __ 、….
解：182
1 2  2
3  4  12
5  6  30

1112  132
13  14  182

Hong Kong International Mathematical Olympiad Semi-Final 2019
[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 203
2. Peter goes east for 20km, then goes south for 24km, then goes west 4
for 13km. How far is he now from the original position?
解
解：25
242   20  13
2
 242  72
 25
3. If abcd +badc =7898 , calculate a +b +c +d .

若abcd +badc =7898 ，求a +b +c +d 的值。
Semi-Final
5
解：25
7898  7700  198
 a  b  7, c  d  18
 a  b  c  d  25

03 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 204
4. If x, y and z are all prime and 2xy +yx =2z , find the minimum value of z.
解：13
2x y  y x  2z
y 2
x 2  2 x 1  z
x  2, z  6
x  3, z  13
13
5. There are 10 pieces of red socks, 6 pieces of white socks and 22

pieces of blue socks in the box. If you want to get 2 pairs of socks
with different colour, at least how many piece(s) of sock(s) is / are
needed to be drawn?
解：25
22  1  1  1  25

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 205
8
Algebra
6. Find the value of x if (37 +21x) −(8x −67 = )0 .

解
解： 8
(37  21x)  (8 x  67)  0
37  21x  8 x  67  0
13 x  104
x  8
9
7. If x and y are positive integers and 7x −2y =151, find the minimum
Semi-Final
value of x −y .
解
解：2
x 23 25 27 29 31 33
y 5 12 19 26 33 40
x y 18 13 8 3 2 7

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 206
05
8. How many integral solution(s) is / are there for x if−56 ≤5x +14 <89 ?
解：29
56  5 x  14  89
70  5 x  75
14  x  15
 x   14,  13,..., 0,...,13,14
14  1  14  29
9. Given a and b are positive real numbers and satisfy equations a2

−b2 =51 and a =3 +b , find the value of a +b .
解：17
a 2  b 2  51
 a  b  a  b   51
a b  3
 a  b  17

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 207
10. Factorise x −2x −63 .

2
1
解：  x  7  x  9  解
x 2  2 x  63
 x 2   7  9  x   7 9 
  x  7  x  9 
Number Theory 1

Semi-Final
解
解：800
513  33 19
 1  3  9  27   1  19   40  20  800
not divisible by 9?
解：44
1000 15  66...10
2
 66   44
3

07 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 208
2019 2019
13. Find the unit value of 5 +1 +32019 .
解：3
52019  12019  32019
 5  1  7  13
3
1 1
14. Given x  0 and x   5 , find the value of x 4  4 .
x x
解：527
1
x 5
x
1
x 2  2  2  25
x
1
ut x 4  2  4  529
x
9 1
 x 4  4  527
x

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 209
15. The difference between two square numbers is 611. Find the sum of 1
the possible value of the larger square?
解：94536
611  13  47 /1 611
 30,17 / 306,305
 93636  900  94536
Geometry 解
16. A cube with side length 18 is cut into cubes with side length 6. Find
the increase in total surface area of the cubes.
Semi-Final
解：3888
182   2  2  2   2  324 12  3888

09 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 210
17. An iron wire is bent into 2 circles whose radius are 21. If the wire is
now bent into 3 identical rectangles where length is integer what is the
22
maximum value of area of this rectangle? (Take   )
7
解：484
22
21 2   2  264
7
264  3  4  22
222  484

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 211
18. Small cubes with side length 1 are combined according to the pattern 2
shown below. Find the total volume of the 15th layer.
1st layer 2nd layer 3rd layer

2
Question 18
Semi-Final
解：271 解
15  1
2
 15  256  15  271
19. The longest length of a triangle is 12, find the maximum area of the
triangle. (Answer in surd form) 2
解： 36 3
解
1 3
 122  sin 60  72   36 3
2 2

11 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 212
n 20. An interior angle of a n-sided polygon is 8 times of an exterior angle.

Find the value of n.
五
解：18
180  9  20
 360  20  18
Combinatorics
21. There are 6 identical blue flags and 3 identical white flags are put
from left to right. How many way(s) of arrangement is / are there?
解：84
9! 9  8  7
  84
3!6! 3  2 1
22. There are one 1g, one 2g, one 5g, one 7g and one 9g mass. How many
different weights can be measured?
解：24
1  24
 24

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 213
23. In how many possible ways can 14 identical flowers be distributed to 2

3 distinct vases with at least two in each vase?
解：45
14   2  3  8
10  9
C28 2   45
2 1
24. Use 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 9 to form 5-digit numbers. The odd digits cannot be

next to each other. How many number(s) can be formed in this way?
Semi-Final
解：252
3  3  2  2 1  3  3  2  2 1 3  2  1 
 9 4 7
解
 252

13 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 214
o 25. If Alice goes from point A to point B, each step can only move up or
move right. How many way(s) is / are there if she must pass through
2 the point O?
B
O
A
Question 25
[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 215
解：10
B
5 10 10
O
1 4 5 5
1 3 1
1 2 1
A 1 1
~ End of Paper ~
[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 271

Semi-Final 2019
1) 11) 21) 4
4 4 4 4 4 4
182 800 84
2) 12) 22) 4
4 4 4 4 4 4
25 44 24
3) 13) 23) 4
4 4 4 4 4 4
25 3 45
Semi-Final
4) 14) 24) 4
4 4 4 4 4 4
13 527 252
5) 15) 25) 4
4 4 4 4 4 4
25 94536 10
6) 16) 4
4 8 3 4 4
3888
7) 17) 4
4 3 4 4
2 484
8) 18)
4 3 4 4 4
29 271
9) 19) 4
4 17 3 4 4
36 3
10) 20) 4
4 ( x  9)( x  7) 4 18 4

TIONAL MAT
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KON TER
ATICAL OLY
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G MP
HON IAD

Final Round

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 232
香港國際數學競賽總決賽 2019 2

解
Logical Thinking
Final Round
3
1. There are chickens and rabbits in a cage. The number of chicken is 5
times of the number of rabbits. The number of chicken’s leg is 2 times
and 10 more of the number of rabbit’s leg . How many rabbit(s) and
chicken(s) is / are there?
解
解：30
2  5 x   4  x  2   10
x5
 5 x  x  6  5   30

32 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 233
2. A ferry travels from place A to B. It takes 6 hours to travel

downstream and downwind. While traveling back, the direction of
wind is opposite but the wind speed remains the same. It takes 8 hours.
It is known that the water flow is 2 km/hr and wind speed is 1km/hr .
Find the distance between A and B in km.
解：96
x x
 2 1   2 1
6 8
4 x  72  3 x  24
x  96
3. When do the hour hand and the minute hand overlap between 8pm
and 9pm?
es
解： 8 : 43 7
11
30  8 7
 43
6  0.5 11
7
8 : 43
11

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 234
4. It is known that Andy does not know the date of birth of anyone in his
school. If he can ensure that there are at least 3 people share the same
date of birth, find the minimum value of the numbers of the students
in his school.
7
解：733
366  2  1  733
解
5. Know that A : B =5 : 7, B :C =3:10, A +B +C =318 . Find the value
of C −A −B .
Final Round
解：102
A : B : C  15 : 21: 70
318
C  A B    70  15  21  102
15  21  70
6. There are red, white and blue balls 100 each in a bag. Andy randomly 8
picks balls from the bag. Andy gets 3, 5, 7 marks while picking red,
blue and blue balls respectively. He will stop picking if his mark is
greater or equal than 100. What is the greatest mark that Andy can get? 解
解：106
3  33  99
99  7  106

34 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 235
is Algebra
e
少 7. It is known that 220 =1048576 . Find the value of n if

4n +4n+1 +4n+2 +...+262144 =349504 .
解：3
349504  4n  4n1  ...  49
410  4n
349504 
。 4 1
1048576  4n
349504 
3
4n  64
n3
y 8. Factorise 2x2 +x −6 .
et? 解：  2 x  3 x  2 
2 x 2  x  6   2 x  3 x  2 
分

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 236
9. Given a and b are positive real numbers and satisfy equations

1 1 1
a  b  3 and ab  5 , find the value of 2  2 .
a b
解： 19
25 解
1 1
2
 2
a b
a 2  b2
 2 2
ab
Final Round

 a  b   2ab
a 2b 2
9  10

25
19

25
1
10. How many integral solution(s) is / are there for x if−10x +2 − >2x +6 ?
解：0
8 x  4
1
x
2
0

36 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 237
3a  b  c  31

11. If  a  3b  c  15 . Find the value of a  b  c .
 a  b  3c  9

2
解：9
5a  5b  5c  55
a  b  c  11
2 a  31  11
a  10
15  11
b 2
2
9  11
c  1
2
 a  b  c  10  2  1  9
12. Find the value of 1 ×2 ×3 +2 ×3 ×4 + ... +9 ×10 ×11.
解：2970
1  2  3  2  3  4  ...  9  10  11
  22  1  2   32  1  3  ...  102  1  10
 23  33  ...  103  2  3  ...  10
2
 10  11  10  11
  
 2  2
 2970

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 238
1
Number Theory
13. Find the sum of all positive factor(s) of 2048. 解
解：4095
2048  211
4096  1
1  2  4  ...  2048   4095
1
14. A 4-digit number has a remainder 1 when divided by 2, has a 1

remainder 3 when divided by 4 and has a remainder 3 when divided
Final Round
by 8. Find the smallest value of this 4-digit number.
解：1003
3  2  1...1
 4  0...3
 8  0...3
1003  8  125  3

38
[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 239
15. Find the remainder of 52020 divided by 9.
解：4
52020
 251010  mod9 
  2   mod9 
1010
  8    2   mod9 
336 2
 4  mod9 
16. If 7-digit number 2020A1B is divisible by 12 , find the sum of

possible value of A +B .
數
解：34
1B  0  mod 4 
B2/6
2  0  2  0  A  1  B  0  mod3
A  B  1 mod3
A 2 5 8 1 4 7
B 2 2 2 6 6 6
A+B 4 7 10 7 10 13
 4  7  10  13  34

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 240
1 1
17. If x   2 , find the value of x 2020  2020 .
x x
解：2
1
 1   2
 1
 x  1 解
1
 1 
2020
2
 1
2020
18. If n! =n(n −1()n −2(...)3()2()1 ), find the numbers of “0” of 1000!

Final Round
from behind.
解：249
1000  1000  1000  1000 
 5    25    125    625 
 200  40  8  1
 249

40 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 241
Geometry
19. It is known that all 3 side lengths of a right-angled triangle are

integers and the hypotenuse is 20. Find the area of this triangle.
解：96
20  4  5
202  42  52  122  162
1
  12  16  96
2

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 242
20. The area of a parallelogram ABCD is 96 and E, F, G, H are the mid- 解

points of AB, BC, CD, DA respectively. Find the area of EFGH.
A E B
H
F
Final Round
D C
G
Question 20

42 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 243
解：48
A E B
、
H O
F
D C
G
AEH  AEH
BFE  OEF
CGF  OFG
DHG  OGH
96
  48
2

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 244
21. Find the shortest distance between point (3,0) and straight line y =x . 2
解： 3
(3,3)
(3,0)
Final Round
1
 3 3
2  3
1
 32  32
2
解

44 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 245
. 22. If the radius of the circumscribed circle of a square ABCD is 7, find

the shaded area. (Take   22 )
7
Question 22
解：14
  7    72  72 
2
 14
4

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 246
23. A box contains 55 cm3 water with 11, 5, 10cm long, width, height
respectively. Now put in 5 cubes with 1cm side length. How many cm
will the water level raise at most?
2
解： 1
11
55  5 55 1
 
5  11 5  11 11
24. If the area of a circle is 7 times of its circumstance, find the radius of
this circle.
Final Round
解：14
 r 2  7  2 r 
r  14

46
[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 247
Combinatorics
m
55
25. If we need to fill in 1, 2 or 3 into the blank in the figure below and the
多
number beside must be different, how many arrangement(s) is / are
there?
Question 25
解：6
3 2  6

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 248
26. If Alice goes from point A to point B, each step can only move up or 2
move right. How many way(s) is / are there?
B 解
解
Final Round
A
Question 26
2
解：54
B
9 27 54
3 9 18 27
解
1 3 6 9 9
1 2 3 3
A 1 1

48 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 249
27. If 10 children take photo in 2 rows evenly, how many arrangement(s)

is / are there?
少
解：3628800
P1010  3628800
28. How many 3-digit numbers is / are there are dividable by 9 without
digital repetition?
解：75
999  99
 3  7  1  3  1  100  21  3  1  75
9
29. Now we have 3 identical balls and 4 different boxes. Each box can
contain 0, 1, 2 or 3 balls. If we need to put these 3 balls into the 4
boxes, how many arrangement(s) is / are there?
解：20
C14  C24  2  C34  20

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 250
30. How many diagonal(s) does regular 10-side polygon have?
解：35
C210  10 
35
~ End of Paper ~
填
O
p
Final Round

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 322

Final Round 2019
邏輯思維數論組合數學
1) 13) 25)
5 5 5 5 5 5 5
30 4095 6
5
2) 5 5
14) 5 5
26) 5 5
96 1003 54
7 15) 27)
5 3) 8 : 43 5 5 5 5 5 5
11 4 3628800
Final Round
5
4) 5 5
16) 5 5
28) 5 5
733 34 75
5
5) 5 5
17) 5 5
29) 5
102 2 20 5
6) 18) 30)
5 5 5 5 5 5 5
106 249 35
算術 / 代數幾何
5
7) 5 5
19) 5 5
3 96
5
8)  2 x  3 x  2  5 5
20) 5
5
48
9) 19 21) 5
5 5 5 5
25 3
10) 22) 5
5 5 5 5
0 14
11) 1 5
5 5 5 23) 5
9 11
5
12) 5 5
24) 5 5
2970 14

TIONAL MAT
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ATICAL OLY
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Heat Round
奧冠教育出版社 Olympiad Champion Education Publisher 1

HK Booklet 2021_12_Heat Round.indd 1 22/1/2021 15:00

83 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 184
e

填空題（第 1 至 20 題）（每題 3 分，答錯及空題不扣分）

Logical Thinking
邏輯思維
1. There are some chickens and rabbits in a cage. The number of

chickens is six times as the number of rabbits. The total legs of
chicken’s is 88 more than that of rabbit’s. How many rabbit(s) is / are
there?
雞兔同籠，雞的數量是兔的 6 倍，雞的總腿數比兔的總腿數多 88
條，問兔有多少隻？
解：11
88  2  ( 6 − 2 ) =
11


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 185
2. Given that A : B = 1: 4 , B : C = 3: 2 , C : D = 1: 4 and

A+ B +C + D = 550 . What is the value of D? 3
已知 A : B = 1: 4 、 B : C = 3: 2 、 C : D = 1: 4 ，且
A+ B +C + D = 550 ，求 D 的值。
解：320
解
A B C D
1 4
3 2
3 12 8
1 4
Heat Round
3 12 8 32
550
=D =  32 320 4
3 + 12 + 8 + 32


85 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 186
2 ( x − 1)
3. How many integral solution(s) is / are there for x if −4  6?
5
2 ( x − 1)
若 −4   6 ，則x有多少個整數解？
5
解：25
2 ( x − 1)
−4  6
5
−20  2 ( x − 1)  30
−10  x − 1  15
−9  x  16
−9, −8,..., −1, 0,1,...,14,15
9 + 1 + 15 =25
4. According to the pattern shown below, what is the number in the

blank?
按以下規律，求在橫線上的數字。
2 、 3 、 6 、 10 、 17 、 28 、 __ 、….
解：46
2 + 3 +1 = 5
3 + 6 +1 = 10
6 + 10 + 1 =17
10 + 17 + 1 =28
17 + 28 + 1 =46


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 187
Algebra 7
代數
5. Find the value of x if (17 − 2 x ) − ( 5 − 6 x ) =

0.
若 (17 − 2 x ) − ( 5 − 6 x ) =
0 ，求 x 的值。
解
解： −3
(17 − 2 x ) − ( 5 − 6 x ) =
0
17 − 2 x − 5 + 6 x = 0
4 x + 12 = 0
[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 188 8
x = −3
Heat Round
a 1 11a
6. Given that a is a positive real number and a  −1 . If + =,
2 a +1 4
解
find the value of a.
a 1 11a
已知 a 為正實數且 a  −1 ，若 + =，求 a 的值。
2 a +1 4
1
解：
3
a 1 11a
+ =
2 a +1 4
4
2a + = 11a
a +1
4
= 9a
a +1
= 4 9a 2 + 9a
0=( 3a − 1)( 3a + 4 )
1
a =
3

87 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 189
7. Given a and b are real numbers and satisfy equations a + b =9 and

2 2
ab = 7 , find the value of a + b .
已知 a、b 皆為實數且滿足等式 a + b = 9 和 ab = 7 ，求 a 2 + b2 的
值。
解：67
(a + b)
2 2
9=
81 =a 2 + 2ab + b 2
a 2 + b 2 = 81 − 7  2 = 67
88 8. Find the value of x if 2 x − y − 8 + y + 4 =0.

若 2x − y − 8 + y + 4 =0 ，求 x 的值。
=,
解：2
2x − y − 8 + y + 4 =0
 y + 4 =0  y =−4
2x − y − 8 =0
2x + 4 − 8 =0
2x = 4
x=2


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 190
Number Theory 1
數論
9. Find the number of all positive factors of 312. 解

求所有 312 的正因數的數量。
解：16
312 = 23  3 13
 (1 + 3)  (1 + 1)  (1 + 1) = 4  2  2 =16
10. When a 3-digit number is divided by 7, 5 or 4, the remainder is 2.

What is the minimum possible value of that 3-digit number?
某三位數除以 7、5 及 4 任何一個數都餘 2，該三位數最小值是多
Heat Round
少？
解：142
7  5  4 + 2= 140 + 2= 142
11. Find the value of the last 3 digit of 8 + 50 + 344 + ... + (1 + 7199 ) .
求 8 + 50 + 344 + ... + (1 + 7199 ) 的最後 3 個位值。
解：500
7 : 7,9,3,1, 7,9,3,1,...
1 + 7199= 10k + 3 +=
1 10k + 4

(1 + 1 + 7 )  ( 200 )= (10k + 5) 100
199
2
 500


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 191
90
12. If x  2 ( mod 8 ) , find the minimum value of this 3-digit number x.

若 x  2 ( mod 8 ) ，求三位數 x 的最小值。
解：106
x  2 ( mod8)
100  8 =12...4
13  8 + 2 =106


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 192
Geometry 1
幾何
13. Refer to the figure below, D is the mid-point of AC. GB = BF ,

GD / / BC and AB ⊥ BC . If the area of ABC is 20, find the area of 解
GDF .
參考附圖，D 為 AC 的中點， GB = BF 、 GD / / BC 和 AB ⊥ BC ，
若 ABC 的面積為 20，求 GDF 的面積。
A
D
G 1
Heat Round
B C
E
F
Question 13 解
第 13 題
解：10
ABC ~ AGD
 GB = AG = BF  AB = GF
1
GD = BC
2
 20  2 =
10


92 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 193
14. M ( x,6) is the mid-point of A(10, −2) and B(8, y) . Find the value of
x+ y .
M ( x,6) 是 A(10, −2) 和 B(8, y) 的中點，求 x + y 的值。
of 解：23
 10 + 8 −2 + y 
，  ,  = ( x, 6 )
 2 2 
(18, y − 2 ) =
( 2 x,12 )
 x= 9, y= 14
x + y = 23
15. If the radius of a circle is 42 and the circumference of a circle is the

same as the perimeter of a square, find the side length of the square.
22
(Take  = )
7
如果圓的半徑為 42，而圓周與正方形周界相同，求正方形的邊
22
長。（取  = ）
7
解：66
22
2  42  =264
7
264  4 =66


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 194
16. A solid cuboid is formed by merging 792 cubes with side length 1. 1
Find the minimum value of the total surface area of the cuboid.
現有邊長 1 的正方體 792 個。將它們堆成一個實心的長方體。求
該長方體總表面面積的最小值。
解：518 解
792 = 23  32 11
 ( 8  9 + 9 11 + 8 11)  2= ( 72 + 99 + 88 )  2= 518
1
Combinatorics
組合數學
Heat Round
17. 20 cards are marked from 1 to 20 and 2 are drawn at random. Find the 解
probability that two cards are drawn such that the sum of them is a
multiple of 3.
由 1 至 20 號卡片中隨意抽出兩張。求得到兩張卡片使它們之和
為 3 的倍數的概率。
32
解：
95
0 : 3, 6,9,12,15,18
1:1, 4, 7,10,13,16,19
2 : 2,5,8,11,14,17, 20
65 + 77 2 128 32
 = =
20 19 20 19 95


94 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 195
18. Use 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 9 to form 5-digit numbers. The odd digits cannot be

求使用 1、2、4、6、8、9 中組成五位數，令奇數位值互不相鄰。
問這樣的數有多少個？
解：528
P56 − 4! 2  4 = ( 6  5 − 2  4 )  4! = 22  4  3  2 = 528
19. There are 4 identical black balls and 2 identical white balls are put
from left to right. How many way(s) of arrangement is / are there?
由左至右放置 4 個相同的黑球和 2 個相同的白球有多少個不同排
列方法？
he 解：15
6! 6  5
= = 15
4!2! 2


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 196
20. There are 8 balls in a box including 7 black balls and 1 white ball.
Also, 1 black ball is added every 10 seconds
( 0 :10,0 : 20,0 : 30,...,1: 00 ). If it needs to wait 30 seconds after each
draw, find the maximum value of the probability to draw the white
ball within 1 minute.
某箱內有 8 個球，其中 7 個為黑色，1 個為白色，每 10 秒會增加
1 個黑球（ 0 :10,0 : 20,0 : 30,...,1: 00 ），若抽取一個球後需要等
30 秒，才可以抽第 2 次，求 1 分鐘內抽到白球的概率的最大值。
填
89
解： O
320
p
7 9 11 231 89
1 −   =1 − =
8 10 12 320 320
Heat Round
~ 全卷完 ~
~ End of Paper ~ 1


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 245

Heat Round 2020
1) 9) 32 3
3 3 3 3 3 17) 3
11 16 95
3
2) 3 3
10) 3 3
18) 3 3
320 142 528
3
3) 3 3
11) 3 3
19) 3
Heat Round
25 500 15
3
4) 12) 89
3
46
3 3
106
3 3 20) 3
320
3
3
5) 3 3
13) 3
−3 10
6) 14)
3 1 3 3 23 3
3
3
3
7) 3 3
15) 3
67 66 3
3
8) 3 3
16) 3 3
2 518
3


TIONAL MAT
NA H
EM
KON TER
ATICAL OLY
G IN
G MP
HON IAD

Semi-Final

HKIMO Booklet 2021_Semi_Final_A5.indd 1 22/1/2021 13:29

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 217
2

中學一年級詳細解答解

Open-Ended Questions (1st ~25th) (4 points for correct answer, no penalty 3
Logical Thinking
Semi-Final
邏輯思維
1. Find the average of the following sequence.

求以下數列的平均數。解
2001、2003、2006、2008、2011、2013、...、2991、2993、2996、2998
解：2499.5
( 2001 + 2003 + 2996 + 2998)  2 =4999
4999  2 = 2499.5


17 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 218

chickens is seven times as the number of rabbits. The total legs of
chicken’s is 120 more than that of rabbit’s. How many rabbit(s) is /
are there?
雞兔同籠，雞的數量是兔的 7 倍，雞的總腿數比兔的總腿數多
120 條，問兔有多少隻？
解：12
120  2  ( 7 − 2 ) =
12
3. How many integral solution(s) is / are there for x if
−3 
( x − 7)  2 + 5  5
?
3
( x − 7)  2 + 5  5
若 −3  ，則x有多少個整數解？
3
解：12
8
−3 
( x − 7)  2 + 5  5
3
−9  ( x − 7 )  2 + 5  15
−14  ( x − 7 )  2  10
−7  x − 7  5
0  x  12
12


Hong[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的
Kong International 1 到 2Semi-Final
Mathematical Olympiad 個字]" 2020 / 219
4. Given that A : B = 1: 3 , B : C = 4 : 3 , C : D = 4 : 5 and

A+ B +C + D = 870 . What is the value of A?
已知 A : B = 1: 3 、 B : C = 4 : 3 、 C : D = 4 : 5 ，且
A+ B +C + D = 870 ，求 A 的值。
6
解：96
A B C D
解
1 3
4 3
4 12 9
4 5
Semi-Final
16 48 36 45 7
870
=A = 16 96
16 + 48 + 36 + 45

pieces of blue socks in the box. If you want to get 3 pairs of socks 解
with different colour, at least how many piece(s) of sock(s) is / are
needed to be drawn?
現箱子中有紅色、白色、藍色的襪子分別有 18 隻、7 隻和 16
隻，你要從這些襪子中抽出 3 對不同顏色的襪子，最少要抽多少
隻？
解：40
(18 + 16 + 5) + 1 =40


19 香港國際數學競賽晉級賽 2 0 2 0
[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 220
Algebra
代數
6. Find the value of x if (18 − 2 x ) − ( 45 − 5 x ) =

0.
若 (18 − 2 x ) − ( 45 − 5 x ) =
解：9
(18 − 2 x ) − ( 45 − 5 x ) =
0
18 − 2 x − 45 + 5 x =0
3x = 27
x=9
7. Given a and b are real numbers and satisfy equations a + b =

11 and
3 3
ab = 8 , find the value of a b + ab .
3 3
11 和 ab = 8 ，求 a b + ab
已知 a、b 皆為實數且滿足等式 a + b =
的值。
解：840
( a + b)
2 2
11=
121 =a 2 + 2ab + b 2
少 a 2 + b 2= 121 − 8  2= 105
 a 3b + ab3 =ab(a 2 + b 2 ) =
8 105 =840


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 221
a 1 5a 1
8. Given that a is a positive real number and a  2 . If + = ,
3 2−a 3
find the sum of possible value of a.
a 1 5a 解
已知 a 為正實數且 a  2 ，若 + = ，求 a 的可能值之
3 2−a 3
和。
解：2
a 1 5a
+ =
3 2−a 3
a ( 2 − a ) +=
3 5a ( 2 − a )
2a − a 2 + 3= 10a − 5a 2
4 a 2 − 8a + 3 =0
Semi-Final
( 2a − 1)( 2a − 3) =
0
1 3
a = ,
2 2
3 1
 + = 2
2 2
9. Factorise x2 − 4 x − 45 .
因式分解 x2 − 4 x − 45 。
解： ( x − 9 )( x + 5 )
x 2 − 4 x − 45 = ( x − 9 )( x + 5 )


21 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 222
10. Find the value of x if 3x − 2 y + 16 + 5 − y =0.

=
若 3x − 2 y + 16 + 5 − y = 0 ，求 x 的值。
解： −2
3x − 2 y + 16 = 0

5 − y = 0
3x − 2 y + 16 + 2 y − 10 =
0
3x + 6 =0
x = −2


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 223
1
Number Theory
數論
11. Find the the sum of all positive factor(s) of 420.

解
求 420 的所有正因數之和。
解：1344
420 = 22  3  5  7
 (1 + 2 + 4 )  (1 + 3)  (1 + 5 )  (1 + 7 ) = 7  4  6  8 =1344
12. If x  10 ( mod11) , find the maximum value of this 3-digit number x.

若 x  10 ( mod11) ，求三位數 x 的最大值。
Semi-Final
解：989 1
x  10 ( mod11)
999  11 = 90...9
 89 11 + 10 = 989
13. Find the value of the last digit of 3888 + 5999 + 91110 .
解
求 3888 + 5999 + 91110 的最後個位值。
解：7
888  4 = 222...0 :1
1110  2 = 555...0 :1
1 + 5 + 1 =7


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 224
23
14. How many simplified fraction(s) with denominator 3234 is / are

there?
分母為 3234 的最簡真分數有多少個？
解：840
3234 = 2  3  7 2 11
 1  1  1  1
 3234  1 −   1 −   1 −   1 − 
 2   3   7   11 
2 6 10
= 1617   
3 7 11
. 6 10
= 1078  
7 11
= 840
15. A 3-digit number has a remainder 4 when divided by 6, has a

by 16. What is such largest 3-digit number?
一個三位數除以 6 餘 4，除以 13 餘 7，除以 16 餘 14，問這個三
位數最大是多少？
解：670
46  6 =7...4
46  13 =
3...7
46  16 =
2...14
L.C.M ( 6,13,16 ) = 624
 624 + 46 =
670


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 225
Geometry 1
幾何
16. M (11,8) is the mid-point of A( x, 4) and B(−5, y) . Find the value of

x+ y .
解
M (11,8) 是 A( x, 4) 和 B(−5, y) 的中點，求 x + y 的值。
解：39
1
 x−5 4+ y 
 ,  = (11,8 )
 2 2 
( x − 5, 4 + y ) =
( 22,16 )
x 27,=
= y 12
Semi-Final
x + y =39
17. A solid cuboid is formed by merging 972 cubes with side length 1.
解：594
= 22  35
972
 ( 9  9 + 9 12 + 9 12 )  2= (81 + 108 + 108)  2= 594


25 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 226
18. The hypotenuse of a triangle is 18, find the maximum area of the
triangle. (Answer in surd form)
一個三角形的斜邊為 18，求這三角形面積的最大值。（答案以
f 根式表示）
解：81
18 18  2  2 =81
19. Refer to the figure below, ABD is an equilateral triangle and

ACE is a right-angled triangle. If CAD = DAE , find the value
AE
of .
AC
參考附圖， ABD 為等邊三角形且 ACE 為直角三角形，若
AE
CAD = DAE ，求的值。
AC
A
B C D E
Question 19
第 19 題


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 227
解：2
CAD =
DAE =
30
AED = ADC − DAE =
60 − 30 =
30
 AD = DE = BD 2
BAE = 90
S ABE = AB  AE  2= BE  AC  2
 AB  AE = 2 AB  AC
AE
=2
AC
解
shown below. Find the total volume of the 13th level. 1
Semi-Final
邊長為 1 的小立方體按以下規律組合成立體，求該立體在第十三
層的總體積。
Question 20
第 20 題
解：169
1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + ... + 23 + 25= 132= 169


27
[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 228
Combinatorics
組合數學
21. A flight of stairs has 13 steps. Mary can go up for 1 step, 2 steps or 3
steps each time. The 5th and the 8th step cannot be stepped on as it is
destroyed. How many way(s) is / are there for Mary to go up the
stairs?
一道有 13 級的樓梯，瑪麗每一步可以上 1 級、2 級或 3 級，其中
第 5 和第 8 級因為損壞而不能踏上，問瑪麗走上這道樓梯共有多
少種方法
解：275
n
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th
三
1 2 4 7 11 18 29 47 76 152 275


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 229
22. 30 cards are marked from 1 to 30 and 2 are drawn at random. Find the 2
probability that two cards are drawn such that the sum of them is a
multiple of 5.
解
1
解：
5
0 : 5,10,15, 20, 25,30 : 6
1:1, 6,11,16, 21, 26 : 6
2
4 : 4,9,14,19, 24, 29 : 6
65 + 66 2 2 174 1
Semi-Final
 = =
30  29 30  29 5
23. 7 identical red cups, 3 identical blue cups and 2 identical yellow cups
are put from left to right. How many different permutation(s) is / are
there?
由左至右放置 7 隻相同的紅色杯、3 隻相同的藍色杯和 2 隻相同
的黃色杯，有多少個不同排列方法？
解：7920 解
12 1110  9  8
= 1110  9  8 = 7920
3  2  1 2  1


29 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 230
he 24. Use 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8 to form 5-digit numbers. The odd digits cannot be

使用 1、2、4、5、7、8 中組成五位數，令奇數位值互不相鄰。
解：216
6  5 4  3 2 − 5 4  3 2  3 − 4  3 2  3 2
= 720 − 360 − 144
= 216
Also, 1 black ball is added every 10 seconds
( 0:10,0: 20,0:30,...,1: 00 ). At 29 seconds, 1 white ball will be added
into the box. If it needs to wait 30 seconds after each draw, find the
maximum value of the probability to draw the white ball within 1
minute.
s 某箱內有 7 個球，其中 6 個為黑色，1 個為白色，每 10 秒會增加
1 個黑球（ 0:10,0: 20,0:30,...,1: 00 ），在第 29 秒時會增加 1 個
同白球，若抽取一個球後需要等 30 秒，才可以抽第 2 次，求 1 分
鐘內抽到白球的概率的最大值。
3
解：
7
6 8 10 4 3
1 −   =1 − =
7 10 12 7 7
~ 全卷完 ~
~ End of Paper ~


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 289

Semi-Final 2020
4
1) 4 4
11) 4 4
21) 4
2499.5 1344 275
2) 12) 1
4 4 4 4 4 22) 4
12 989 5
4
3) 4 4
13) 4 4
23) 4
12 7 7920
Semi-Final
4
4) 4 4
14) 4 4
24) 4
96 840 216
5) 15) 3
4 4 4 4 4 25) 4
40 670 7
4
6) 4 4
16) 4
9 39
4
7) 4 4
17) 4
840 594
4
8) 4 4
18) 4
2 81
9) 19)
4 4 4 4
( x − 9 )( x + 5 ) 2
4
10) 4 4
20) 4
−2 169


TIONAL MAT
NA H
EM
KON TER
ATICAL OLY
G IN
G MP
HON IAD

Final Round

HK Booklet 2020_Final Round.indd 1 22/1/2021 12:31

51 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 252
n 香港國際數學競賽總決賽 2020


Logical Thinking
元邏輯思維
1. Find the largest 3-digit number abc such that ab , ac and bc are
prime numbers.
求最大三位整數 abc 使得 ab 、 ac 和 bc 為質數。
解：731
a =9 b, c = 7,1(rej )
a = 8  b = 9, c = 7(rej )
a = 7  b = 1/ 3 / 9, c = 1/ 3 / 9
73, 71,31
 731


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 253
2. a , b and c are three positive integers. If a + b + c= abc= m , find the 4

value of m .
a 、 b 和 c 為三個正整數。若 a + b + c= abc= m ，求 m 的值。
解
解：6
c  b  a  3c  a + b + c= abc  0
 c ( 3 − ab )  0  3  ab
b = 2, a =1  c =3
b =1, a =1  2 + c = c ( rej.)
m =
6
3. Find the smallest positive integer n larger than 100 such that it has 5
5
Final Round
positive factors only.

求大於 100 的最小正整數 n ，使得它只有 5 個正因數。
解：625
n = a4 解
 a= 2, n= 16
 a= 3, n= 81
 a= 5, n= 625


53 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 254
he 4. 322687699799 , find the value of x .

If 19x + 2020 =
x
若 19 + 2020 = 322687699799 ，求 x 的值。
解：9
19 x  2 x 10 x
322687699799  3.2 1012
 x = 10  1910  1024 1010 = 1.024 1013
 x = 9  199  512 109 = 5.12 1011
 x = 8  198  256 108 = 2.56 1010
x = 9
5
5. Find the sum of all positive integer(s) n such that the remainder of
n 2 divided by 4 is 3.
求所有正整數 n 之和使得 n 2 除以 4 的餘數為 3 。
解：0
n = 2m  n 2 = 4m2  0 ( mod 4 )
( 2m + 1) = 4m 2 + 4m + 1  1( mod 4 )
2
n= 2m + 1  n 2=


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 255
6. Find the smallest positive integer n such that 1 + 2 + ... + n is divisible

8
by 1010.
求最小正整數 n 使得 1 + 2 + ... + n 能被1010整除。
解：100
n ( n + 1) 解
1 + 2 + ... + n =
2
1010 = 2  5 101
n ( n + 1)
1010  22  5 101 n ( n + 1)
2
n + 1= 101  n= 100  0 ( mod 22  5 )
9
Final Round
Algebra
代數
解
1 1
7. 1 , find the value of x 2020 + 2020 .
If x +
=
x x
1 1
若x+ =1 ，求 x 2020 + 2020 的值。
x x
解： −1
1
x+ = 1  x2 − x + 1 = 0
x
 ( x + 1) ( x 2 − x + 1) =0  x3 =−1
1 1 1  1
 x 2020 + 2020
=x3673  x + 3673
=− x − =−  x +  =−1
x x x x  x


55 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 256
le 1 1 1 1
8. If + + + x ,find the value of x .
+ ... =
1 2 2  3 3  4 4  5
1 1 1 1
若 + + + x ，求 x 的值。
+ ... =
1 2 2  3 3  4 4  5
解：1
1 1 1
= −
n ( n + 1) n n + 1
1 1 1 1  1 1 1
 + + + + ... = 1 −  +  −  + ... = 1
1 2 2  3 3  4 4  5  2  2 3
9. If x and x 2 + 32 are both positive integers, find the sum of all

possible value(s) of x.
若 x 和 x 2 + 32 皆為正整數，求 x 的所有可能值之和。
解：9
x 2 + 32 =
m2
 ( m + x )( m − x ) =
32
32 =1 32 ( rej.) =2 16 =4  8
=m + x 16 =m + x 8
 or 
=m − x 2 =m − x 4
x= 7 or 2
7 + 2 =9


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 257
10. It is known that x is real number. Find the minimum value of

1
x2 + 20 x + 2020 .
已知 x 為實數，求 x2 + 20 x + 2020 的最小值。
解：1920
x 2 + 20 x + 2020 =( x + 10 ) + 1920  1920
2
解
11. If 2020 can be written as the sum of square of four consecutive prime
numbers, find the smallest prime number of the expression.
若 2020 可以寫成四個連續質數的平方之和，求表達式中最小的
質數。
解：17
Final Round
2020
 22
4
172 + 192 + 232 + 292 =
2020


57 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 258
12
12. Solve x 2 + x + x + = 97 for x  0 .
x
12
若 x  0 ，解 x 2 + x + x + = 97 。
x
解：9
x = y2
e 12
 x2 + x + x + =97
x
12
 y4 + y2 + y + = 97
y
y 4  97
y 3
12
y =1  y 4 + y 2 + y + =15
y
12
y = 2  y 4 + y 2 + y + = 28
y
12
y = 3  y 4 + y 2 + y + = 97
y
 x = 32 = 9


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 259
1
Number Theory
數論
13. Find the smallest integer x that larger than 2020, such that when
7 x−2020 is divided by 50 to get a remainder of 1.
求大於 2020 的最小正整數 x ，使得 7 x−2020 除以 50 時的餘數為 1。
解
解：2024
7 2  −1( mod 50 )
 7 4  1( mod 50 )
1
 x − 2020 =4
x= 2024
Final Round
14. Find the remainder when 20101 is divided by 399.

求 20101 除以 399 的餘數。
解
解：20
20
= 2
400  1( mod 399 )
 20101  150  20  20 ( mod 399 )


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 260
59
15. Given that f ( n ) = n ( n + 1)( n + 2 )( n + 3)( n + 4 ) for all positive
integers n . If f ( n ) is divided by k for all n , find the greatest value
of k .
已知對於所有正整數 n ， f ( n ) = n ( n + 1)( n + 2 )( n + 3)( n + 4 ) 。若
對於所有 n ， f ( n ) 能被 k 整除，求 k 的最大值。
。
解：120
f ( n )  1 2  3  4  5  0 ( mod120 )
1 1 1
16. If + = and x, y are positive integers, find the sum of all
x y 7
possible value(s) of x .
1 1 1
若 + =和 x 、 y 皆為正整數，求 x 的所有可能值之和。
x y 7
解：78
1 1 1
+ =
x y 7
 xy − 7 x − 7 y =
0
 ( x − 7 )( y − 7 ) =
49
 x−7 = 1 or 7 or 49
x= 8 or 14 or 56
 8 + 14 + 56 =78


Hong [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的
Kong International 1 到Final
Mathematical Olympiad 2 個字]" / 261
Round 2020
17. Find the sum of all positive factor(s) of 1212. 2

解：2856
1212 = 22  3 101
 (1 + 2 + 4 )  (1 + 3)  (1 + 101) = 7  4 102 = 2856 解
18. Find the smallest positive integer x such that satisfies 7 x + 29 y =

1,
where y is an integer.
若 y 為整數，求最小正整數 x 滿足 7 x + 29 y = 1。 2
解：25
7 ( −4 ) + 29 (1) =
1
Final Round
 x = 29 − 4 = 25
解
Geometry
幾何
19. It is known that a triangle with side lengths 5, 12 and 13. Find the area
of the triangle. 2
已知一個三角形的邊長為 5，12 和 13，求三角形的面積。
解：30
解
52 + 122 =
132
1
  5 12 =30
2


61 香港國際數學競賽總決賽 2020
[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 262
20. Find the shortest distance between point ( )

8, 0 and the straight line
y = x.
求點 ( )
8, 0 與直線 y = x 的最短距離。
解：2
( 8)
2
2 x2 =
=
x=2
21. In a parallelogram, if one of the interior angles is four times of the

another. Find the largest interior angle of the parallelogram.
平行四邊形中，若其中一隻內角為另一隻的四倍，求平行四邊形
中的最大內角。
解： 144
2x + 2 ( 4x) =
360
x= 36
 4  36=
 144
ea
22. In a quadrilateral ABCD , if A + B + C − D= 20 . Find the
value of D .
在四邊形 ABCD 中，若 A + B + C − D= 20 ，求 D 的值。
解： 170
A + B + C + =
D 360

A + B + C − D= 20
 D = 170


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 263
23. A diagonal of a square has length 20. Find the area of the square.
一個正方形的對角線的長度為 20，求正方形的面積。
解：200 2
2 x 2 = 202
 x2 =
200
24. There are two congruent triangles. Use them to build up a 解

parallelogram by them with three different methods. The perimeters
of three parallelograms are 38, 40 and 50 respectively. Find the
perimeter of the triangle.
現有兩個全等三角形，將它們以三種不同方法拼成平行四邊形，
2
三個平行四邊形的周界分別為 38，40 和 50，求三角形的周界。
Final Round
解：32
2 ( x + y ) = 38 解

2 ( y + z ) = 40  2  2 ( x + y + z ) = 128  x + y + z = 32

2 ( x + z ) = 50


63 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 264
Combinatorics
組合數學
25. Find the number of positive square numbers that are less than 2020
and divisible by 7.
求小於 2020，且能被 7 整除的正平方數的數量。
解：6
452 = 2025
 7 2 ,142 ,..., 422  6
，
26. Find the number of positive integers smaller than 2020 such that the
。 sum of the digits of the number is 5.
求小於 2020 的正整數的數量使得其數值之和為 5。
解：38
5 = 5 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 4 +1+ 0 + 0 = 3 + 2 + 0 + 0
= 3 +1+1+ 0 = 2 + 2 +1+ 0 = 2 +1+1+1
 3+9+ 7 +9+ 7 +3 = 38
27. Find the number of positive integers x smaller than 2020, such that
x + 8 and 6x are divisible by 8.
求小於 2020 的正整數 x 的數量，使得 x + 8 和 6x 可被 8 整除。
解：252
x = 8,16,..., 2016
2016
 252
=
8


[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 265
28. Suppose 2 cards are drawn from an ordinary poker deck of 52 playing
cards one by one without replacement. Find the probability of getting
the same number.
從一副 52 張的普通撲克牌中不重覆地抽出 2 張牌。求抽出相同
數字的機率。
1
解：
17
1 3 1 填
  13 =
13 51 17 O
p
29. Find the number of 3-digit positive integers that the product of its
digit is 12.
Final Round
求位值之積為 12 的三位正整數的數量。
解：15 1
12= 22  3
 12 = 6  2 1 = 4  3 1 = 3  2  2
6 + 6 + 3 =15
[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 266 解
30. Consider the sequence 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, …, find the value of

the 2020th term of the sequence.
考慮數列 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, …，求數列的第 2020 項。
解：4
63  64
= 2016
2
 2020th = 4
~ 全卷完 ~
~ End of Paper ~

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 327

Final Round 2020
1) 13) 25)
5 5 5 5 5 5 5
731 2024 6
2) 14) 26)
5 5 5 5 5 5 5
6 20 38
3) 15) 27)
5 5 5 5 5 5 5
625 120 252
4) 16) 1
Final Round
5 5 5 5 5 28) 5 5
9 78 17
5) 17) 29) 5
5 5 5 5 5 5
0 2856 15
6) 18) 30) 5
5 5 5 5 5 5
100 25 4
7) 19) 5
5 5 5 5
−1 30
8) 20) 5
5 5 5 5
1 2
9) 21) 5
5 5 5 5
9 144
10) 22) 5
5 5 5 5
1920 170
11) 23) 5
5 5 5 5
17 200
12) 24) 5
5 5 5 5
9 32


TIONAL MAT
NA H
EM
KON TER
ATICAL OLY
G IN
G MP
HON IAD

Heat Round

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 177


Logical Thinking
邏輯思維
1. Mary goes east for 45km, then goes north for 28km. How far is she
now from the original position?
瑪麗向東走了 45 公里，向北走了 28 公里，問她和原來位置相距
多遠？
解：53
452 + 282
= 2809
= 532
= 53

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 178

2( x + 2)
−6   10 ?
3
2( x + 2)
若 −6   10 ，則x有多少個整數解？
3
解：24
2( x + 2)
−6   10
3
−18  2( x + 2)  30
−9  x + 2  15
−11  x  13
−10, −9, , −1, 0,1, ,12,13
Heat Round
10 + 1 + 13 =24

chickens is 5 times as the number of rabbits. The total legs of
chicken’s is 72 more than that of rabbit’s. How many rabbit(s) is / are
there?
雞兔同籠，雞的數量是兔的 5 倍，雞的總腿數比兔的總腿數多 72
條，問兔有多少隻？
解：12
72  ( 5  2 − 4) =
12

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 179
4. Given that A : B = 3:1 , B : C = 3: 5 , C : D = 1: 5 and

A+ B +C + D = 378 . What is the value of D?
已知 A : B = 3:1 、 B : C = 3: 5 、 C : D = 1: 5 ，且
A+ B +C + D = 378 ，問 D 是多少？
解：225
A B C D
3 1
3 5
9 3 5
1 5
9 3 5 25
378
D
= =  25 225
9 + 3 + 5 + 25

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 180
Algebra
代數
5. Given a and b are real numbers and satisfy equations a − b =7 and

ab = 4 , find the value of a + b .
2 2
已知 a、b 皆為實數且滿足等式 a − b = 7 和 ab = 4 ，求 a 2 + b 2 的
值。
解：57
( a − b)
2 2
7=
49 =a 2 − 2ab + b 2
a 2 + b 2 = 49 + 2  4 = 57
Heat Round
6. Find the value of x if 3x + y + 2 + x + 3 =

0.
若 3x + y + 2 + x + 3 =
解：7
3x + y + 2 + x + 3 =
0
 x + 3 =0  x =−3
3x + y + 2 = 0
3  (−3) + y + 2 =0
−9 + y + 2 =0
y =9−2 =7

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 181
7. Find the value of x if ( 45 + 13x ) − ( 4x −18) =

0.
若 ( 45 + 13x ) − ( 4x −18) =
解： −7
( 45 + 13x ) − ( 4 x − 18) =
0
45 + 13 x − 4 x + 18 = 0
9 x + 63 = 0
x = −7
8. If x and y are positive integers and 12 x − 4 y =

28 , find the minimum
value of x + y .
若 x 和 y 是正整數且 12 x − 4 y = 28 ，求 x + y 的最小值。
解： −3
12 x − 4 y = 28
3x − y = 7
x = 1, 2,3,
y =−4, −1, 2,
x+ y = −3,1,5,
−3

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 182
Number Theory
數論
9. How many simplified fraction(s) with denominator 525 is / are there?

解：240
525 =3  52  7
 1  1  1
 525  1 −   1 −   1 − 
 3  5  7 
2 4 6
= 525   
3 5 7
4 6
Heat Round
= 350  
5 7
6
= 280 
7
= 240

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 183
10. Find the value of the last 3 digits of 1 + 4 + 7 + 10 + + (1 + 3  259) .

求 1 + 4 + 7 + 10 + + (1 + 3  259) 的最後 3 個位值。
解：270
1 + (1 + 3  1) + (1 + 3  2) + (1 + 3  3) + + (1 + 3  259)
= 1 + 1 259 + 3  1 + 3  2 + 3  3 + + 3  259
= 1 + 259 + 3  (1 + 2 + 3 + + 259)
(1 + 259)  259
= 1 + 259 + 3 
2
= 1 + 259  (1 + 3 130)
=1 + (260 − 1)  (1 + 390)
= 1 + 260  390 + 260 − 390 − 1
26  39  4(mod10)
 400 − 130 = 270
11. From 1 to 2021, how many integer(s) is / are divisible by 3 and 11,
but not divisible by 6?
由 1 至 2021 中，有多少個整數可同時被 3 和 11 整除，但不可被
6 整除？
解：30
 2021 
 3 11  = 61
 61 
  = 30
2

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 184
1 1
12. Given x  0 and x + =6 , find the value of x3 + 3 .
x x
1 1
已知 x  0 及 x + =6 ，求 x3 + 3 的值。
x x
解：198
1
x+ 6
=
x
1
( x + )3 63
=
x
1 1 1
x3 + 3 x 2  ( ) + 3 x  ( ) 2 + ( )3 63
=
x x x
1 1
Heat Round
x3 + 3 + 3x + 3  =63
x x
1 1
x3 + 3 =63 − 3( x + )
x x
1
x3 + 3 = 63 − 3  6
x
= 198

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 185
Geometry
幾何
13. Refer to the figure below, AEC is a right-angled triangle and D is

the mid-point of EC. It is given that AE = 33 , BC = 32.5 and
AE / / BD . Find the area of AEC .
參考附圖， AEC 為直角三角形及 D 為 EC 的中點。已知
AE = 33 ， BC = 32.5 及 AE / / BD 。求 AEC 的面積。
E C
Question 13
第 13 題

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 186
解：924
AB
= BC
= 32.5
AC= 32.5  2= 65
EC = 652 − 332 = 56
56  33
 924
=
2
14. A solid cuboid is formed by merging 1350 cubes with side length
1cm. Find the minimum value of the total surface area of the cuboid.
現有邊長 1 厘米的正方體 1350 個。將它們堆成一個實心的長方
體。求該長方體總表面面積的最小值。
解：750
Heat Round
1350 =2  33  52
 (9  10 + 9  15 + 10 15)  2
= (90 + 135 + 150)  2
= 750
15. The hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle is 16, find the maximum

area of the right-angled triangle.
一個直角三角形的斜邊長為 16，求這直角三角形面積的最大
值。
解：64
16 16  2  2
= 88
= 64

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 187
16. An iron wire is bent into six identical squares. The area of each square
is 484. If the wire is now bent into two identical circles, find the
22
maximum value of radius of a circle. (Take  = )
7
一條鐵線被屈成六個相同的正方形，每個正方形的面積為 484。
若這條鐵線現在被屈成兩個相同的圓形，求每個圓形半徑的最大
22
值。（取  = ）
7
解：42
484 = 22
22
 22  4  6  2  2
7
= 42

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 188
Combinatorics
組合數學
17. Use 1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9 to form 6-digit numbers. The even digits cannot be

使用 1、3、4、7、8、9 中組成六位數，令偶數位值互不相鄰。
解：480
6!− 5! 2
= 4  5!
= 4  5 4  3 2
= 480
Heat Round
18. In how many possible ways can 9 identical books be distributed to 4

distinct bags with at least one in each bag?
把 9 本完全相同的書放入四個不同的袋中，每個袋至少有 1 本
書，問共有多少個不同的分配方法？
解：56
8 7  6
=C38 = 56
3  2 1

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 189
19. 20th March, 2021 is Saturday, which year will 20th March be Thursday
for the earliest case?
2021 年 3 月 20 日是星期六，之後最快哪一年的 3 月 20 日會是星
期四？
解：2025
+1: 2022, 2023, 2025,
+2 : 2024,
1 + 1 + 2 + 1 =5
 2025

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 190
20. 25 cards are marked from 1 to 25 and 2 are drawn at random. Find the
probability that two cards drawn such that the sum of them is multiple
of 4.
6
解：
25
0 : 4,8,12,16, 20, 24
1:1,5,9,13,17, 21, 25
2 : 2, 6,10,14,18, 22
3 : 3, 7,11,15,19, 23
65 + 76 + 65 + 67
Heat Round

25  24
144
=
25  24
6
=
25
~ 全卷完 ~
~ End of Paper ~

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 241

Heat Round 2021
1) 9) 17)
3 53 3 3 240 3 3 480 3
2) 10) 18)
3 24 3 3 270 3 3 56 3
3) 11) 19)
3 12 3 3 30 3 3 2025 3
Heat Round
4) 12) 20)
3 225 3 3 198 3 3 6 3
25
5) 13)
3 57 3 3 924 3
6) 14)
3 7 3 3 750 3
7) 15)
3 7 3 3 64 3
8) 16)
3 3 3 3 42 3

TIONAL MAT
NA H
EM
KON TER
ATICAL OLY
G IN
G MP
HON IAD

Semi-Final

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 223


Logical Thinking
Semi-Final
邏輯思維

求以下數列的平均數。
2002、2008、2006、2012、2010、2016、…、2394、2400、2398、2404
解：2203
( 2002 + 2008 + 2398 + 2404)  2 =
4406
4406  2 = 2203

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 224
−5 
( x − 7)  2 − 9  3 ?
3
若 −5 
( x − 7 )  2 − 9  3 ，則 x 有多少個整數解？
3
Question Paper
解：12試題
−5 
( x − 7)  2 − 9  3
3
−15  ( x − 7 )  2 − 9  9
−6  ( x − 7 )  2  18
−3  x − 7  9
4  x  16
12

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 227
3. Given that A : B  2 : 3 , B : C  3 : 4 , C : D  4 : 5 and

A  B  C  D  910 . What is the value of A?
已知 A : B  2 : 3 、 B : C  3 : 4 、 C : D  4 : 5 ，且
A  B  C  D  910 ，求 A 的值。
解：130
A B C D
2 3
3 4
2 3 4
4 5
Semi-Final
2 3 4 5
910
A  2  130
23 45

chickens is nine times as the number of rabbits. The total number of
legs of chickens is 840 more than that of rabbits. How many rabbit(s)
is / are there?
解：60
840  2   9  2   60

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 228

pieces of blue socks in the box. If you want to get 3 pairs of socks
with different colours, at least how many piece(s) of sock(s) is / are
needed to be drawn?
現箱子中有紅色、白色、藍色的襪子分別有 26 隻、8 隻和 16 隻，
你要從這些襪子中抽出 3 對不同顏色的襪子，最少要抽多少隻？
解：44
26  16  2  44
Algebra
代數
6. Find the value of x if 18  x    90  5x   0 .

若 18  x    90  5x   0 ，求 x 的值。
解：18
18  x   90  5x   0
18  x  90  5x  0
4 x  72
x  18

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 227
7. Given a and b are real numbers and satisfy equations a + b =

12 and
ab = 11 , find the value of a b + a b .
4 2 2 4
已知 a、b 皆為實數且滿足等式 a + b = 12 和 ab = 11 ，求
4 2 2 4
a b + a b 的值。
解：14762
(a + b)
2 2
12=
144 =a 2 + 2ab + b 2
a 2 + b 2= 144 − 11 2= 122
 a 4b 2 + a 2b 4 = a 2b 2 (a 2 + b 2 ) =112 122 =14762
Semi-Final

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 228
a 1 5a
8. Given that a is a positive real number and a  3 . If + = ,
8 3− a 8
find the sum of possible value(s) of a.
a 1 5a
已知 a 為正實數且 a  3 ，若 + = ，求 a 的可能值之
8 3− a 8
和。
解：3
a 1 5a
+ =
8 3− a 8
1 4a a
= =
3− a 8 2
= 2 a (3 − a )
a 2 − 3a + 2 =0
( a − 2 )( a − 1) =
0
a = 2,1
2 +1 = 3
9. Factorize x 2 − 4 x − 32 .
因式分解 x 2 − 4 x − 32 。
解： ( x − 8)( x + 4)
x2 − 4x − 32 = ( x − 8)( x + 4)

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 229
10. Find the value of x if 3x − 2 y + 20 + 4 − y =

0.
若 3x − 2 y + 20 + 4 − y =
解： −4
3 x − 2 y + 20 =0

4 − y = 0
y=4
3 x − 2  4 + 20 =0
3 x + 12 = 0
x = −4
Semi-Final
Number Theory
數論

by 16. What is the maximum value of this 3-digit number?
一個三位數除以 6 餘 3，除以 11 餘 6，除以 16 餘 7，問這個三位
數最大是多少？
解：567
39  6 =6...3
39  11 =3...6
39  16 =2...7
L.C.M ( 6,11,16 ) = 528
 528 + 39 =
567

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 230
12. If x  8 ( mod11) , find the maximum value of this 3-digit number x.

若 x  8 ( mod11) ，求三位數 x 的最大值。
解：998
x  8 ( mod11)
999  11 = 90 9
 90  11 + 8 =998
13. Find the value of the last digit of 3999 + 5111 + 91111 .
求 3999 + 5111 + 91111 的個位值。
解：1
999  4 =249 3: 7
1111  2 = 555 1: 9
7 + 5 + 9 = 21
解：1040
2332 = 22 11 53
 1  1  1 
 2332  1 −   1 −   1 − 
 2   11   53 
1 10 52
= 2332   
2 11 53
=2 10  52
= 1040

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 231

解：744
240 = 24  3  5
 (1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 )  (1 + 3)  (1 + 5 ) = 31 4  6 = 744
Geometry
幾何
16. M (13,5) is the mid-point of A ( x, 2) and B ( −3, y ) . Find the value of

x+ y.
Semi-Final
M (13,5) 是 A ( x, 2) 和 B ( −3, y ) 的中點，求 x + y 的值。
解：37
 x −3 2+ y 
 ,  = (13,5 )
 2 2 
( x − 3, 2 + y ) =( 26,10 )
x 29,=
= y 8
x + y =37

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 232

area of the triangle. (Answer in surd form)
一個直角三角形的斜邊為 24，求這三角形面積的最大值。（答
案以根式表示）
解：144
24  24  2  2 =
144
解：450
648= 23  34
 ( 9  9 + 9  8 + 9  8 )  2= (81 + 72 + 72 )  2= 450

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 233
19. The area of a parallelogram ABCD is 128 and E, F, G, H are the mid
points of AB, BC, CD, DA respectively. Find the area of EFGH.
若平行四邊形 ABCD 的面積為 128，而 E、F、G、H 分別為
AB、BC、CD、DA 的中點，求四邊形 EFGH 的面積。
AA EE BB
H
Semi-Final
D C
G
Question 19
第 19 題

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 236
解：64
A E B
H O
5 F
D
G C C
AEH  OEH
BFE  OEF
CGF  OFG
DHG  OGH
128
 64
=
2

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 237
shown below. There are 3 levels in the figure below and it consists of
9 cubes. Find the total volume of the figure with 15th level.
邊長為 1 的小立方體按以下規律組合成立體。下圖中的立體有 3
層，由 9 個正方體組成。求該立體在第十五層的總體積。
Semi-Final
Question 20
第 20 題
解：225
1+ 3 + 5 + 7 + + 23 + 25 + 27 + 29= 152= 225

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 238
Combinatorics
組合數學
steps each time. The 3rd and the 9th step cannot be stepped on as they
are broken. How many way(s) is / are there for Mary to go up the
stairs?
第 3 和第 9 級因為損壞而不能踏上，問瑪麗走上這道樓梯共有多
少種方法？
解：238
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th
1 2 3 5 8 16 29 45 74 119 238

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 237
Also, 1 black ball will be added at 0:09 and then 1 black ball is added
every 10 seconds ( 0 :19, 0 : 29, 0 : 39, , 0 : 59 ). At 23 seconds, 1 white
ball will be added into the box. If it needs to wait 30 seconds after
each draw, find the maximum value of the probability to draw the
white ball within 1 minute.
某箱內有 6 個球，其中 5 個為黑色，1 個為白色。在 0:09 會增加
1 個黑球，其後每 10 秒會增加 1 個黑球
（ 0 :19, 0 : 29, 0 : 39, , 0 : 59 ），在第 23 秒時會增加 1 個白球，若
抽取一個球後需要等 30 秒，才可以抽第 2 次，求 1 分鐘內抽到
白球的概率的最大值。
解： 31
Semi-Final
66
5 7 9 35 31
1 −   =1 − =
6 9 11 66 66

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 238
23. Find the number of positive integers smaller than 3000 such that the
sum of the digits of the number is 6.
求小於 3000 的正整數的數量使得其數位之和為 6。
解：64
6 = 6 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 5 +1+ 0 + 0 = 4 + 2 + 0 + 0 = 4 +1+1+ 0 = 3 + 3 + 0 + 0
= 3 + 2 +1+ 0 = 3 +1+1+1 = 2 + 2 + 2 + 0 = 2 + 2 +1+1
 4! 3!   4! 3!   4! 3!   4! 3!   4! 3! 
 −  +  −  +  −  +  −  +  − 
 3! 3!   2! 2!   2! 2!   2! 2!   2! 2! 2! 
 4! 3!   4!   4! 
+ ( 4!− 3!) +  −  +   +  
 3! 3!   3!   2! 2! 
= 3 + 9 + 9 + 9 + 3 + 18 + 3 + 4 + 6 = 64
24. 5 identical red cups, 3 identical blue cups and 3 identical yellow cups
are put from left to right. How many different permutation(s) is / are
there?
由左至右放置 5 隻相同的紅色杯、3 隻相同的藍色杯和 3 隻相同
的黃色杯，有多少個不同排列方法？
解：9240
1110  9  8  7  6
= 1110  3  4  7 = 9240
3  2  1 3  2  1

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 239
25. Now we have 4 identical balls and 5 different boxes. Each box can
contain 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 balls. If we need to put these 4 balls into the 5
boxes, how many arrangement(s) is/are there?
現有 4 個相同的球和 5 個不同的盒子，每個盒子能裝進 0、1、
2、3 或 4 個球。問若要將這 4 個球放進這 5 個盒子，有多少種不
同的放置方法？
解：70
C15 + C25  3 + C35  3 + C45
= 5 + 10  3 + 10  3 + 5
= 70
~ 全卷完 ~
Semi-Final
~ End of Paper ~

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 301

Semi-Final 2021
1) 11) 21)
4
2203 4 4 567 4 4 238
4
2) 12) 31
4 12 4 4 998 4 4 22) 4
66
3) 13) 23)
4
130 4 4 1 4 4 64
4
4) 14) 24)
4
60 4 4 1040 4 4 9240
4
5) 15) 25)
4
44 4 4 744 4 4 70
4

6) 16)
4
18 4 4 37 4
7) 17)
4
14762 4 4 144 4
8) 18)
4
3 4 4 450 4
9) 19)
4
 x  8 x  4 4 4 64 4
10) 20)
4
4 4 4 225 4

TIONAL MAT
NA H
EM
KON TER
ATICAL OLY
G IN
G MP
HON IAD

Final Round

55 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 260
於 MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIAD FINAL ROUND 2021

中學一年級詳細題解

Logical Thinking
邏輯思維
e
1. It is known that Andy does not know the date of birth of anyone in his
問 school. If he can ensure there are at least 4 people share the same date
of birth, find the minimum value of the numbers of the students in his
school.
已知安迪不知道同學們的生日日期，若他能保證自己的學校至少
有一天同時有四人生日，求該學校人數的最小值。
解：1099
366  3 + 1 =1099

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 257
2. A ferry travels from A to B. It takes 4 hours to travel downstream and 4

downwind. While traveling back, the direction of wind is opposite,
but the wind speed remains the same. It takes 6 hours. It is known that
the water flow is 3 km/hr and wind speed is 1km/hr. Find the distance
between A and B in km?
解
小船由 A 地前往 B 地，順流順風而下要花 4 小時，回程時風向相
反但風速不變，花了 6 小時。已知水流為 3 公里每小時，風速為
1 公里每小時，求兩地相距多少公里？
解：72
x x
− 3 −1 = + 3 −1
4 6
6 x − 72 = 4 x + 72
x = 72
Final Round
5
3. Find the smallest 3-digit number abc such that ab , ac and bc are
prime numbers where b  0 .
解
求最小三位整數 abc 使得 ab 、 ac 和 bc 為質數且 b  0 。
解：113
a =1, b =1  c =3

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 258
57
d 4. Find the smallest positive integer n such that 1 + 2 + + n is divisible

by 255.
at 求最小正整數 n 使得 1 + 2 + + n 能被 255 整除。
e
解：50
相
為 n ( n + 1)
1+ 2 + +n=
2
255 = 3  5  17
n ( n + 1)
255  2  3  5 17 n ( n + 1)
2
n + 1 = 51  n = 50  0 ( mod 2  5 )
5. Find the smallest positive integer n larger than 1000 such that it has 5
positive factors only.
求大於 1000 的最小正整數 n，使得它只有 5 個正因數。
解：2401
n = a4
 a= 2, n= 16
 a= 3, n= 81
 a= 5, n= 625
 a= 7, n= 2401

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 259
6. There are chickens and rabbits in a cage and the number of chickens is 8
6 times of that of rabbits. The number of legs of chickens is 2 times
and 20 more of the number of legs of rabbits. How many rabbit(s) and
chicken(s) is / are there?
雞兔同籠，雞的數量是兔的 6 倍，雞的腿是兔的腿的 2 倍多 20
條，問兔和雞共有多少隻？解
解：35
2  6 x   4  x  2   20
x5
9
 6 x  x  7  5   35
Final Round
Algebra
代數
解
7. Factorize 5 x 2  17 x  12 .
因式分解 5 x 2  17 x  12 。
解：  5 x  3  x  4 
5 x 2  17 x  12   5 x  3  x  4 

59 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 260
is 8. How many positive integral solution(s) is / are there for x if

−10x + 2  −6x + 10 ?
nd
若 −10x + 2  −6x + 10 ，則 x 有多少個正整數解？
解：0
−4 x  8
x  −2
0
9. If 628 can be written as the sum of square of four consecutive prime

numbers, find the smallest prime number of the expression.
若 628 可以寫成四個連續質數的平方之和，求表達式中最小的質
數。
解：7
628
 13
4
 7 2 + 112 + 132 + 17 2 =
628

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 261
2
10. If x and x + 64 are both positive integers, find the sum of all 1
2
若 x 和 x + 64 皆為正整數，求 x 的所有可能值之和。
解：21
x 2 + 64 =
m2
 ( m + x )( m − x ) =
64 解
64 =1 64 ( rej.) =8  8 ( rej.) =4 16 =2  32
=m + x 16 =m + x 32
 or 
=m − x 4 =m − x 2
x= 6 or 15
Final Round
 6 + 15 =21
1 1
11. If x +
1 , find the value of x1000 + 1000 .
=
x x
1 1
若x+ =1 ，求 x1000 + 1000 的值。
x x
解： −1
1
x+ = 1  x2 − x + 1 = 0
x
 ( x + 1) ( x 2 − x + 1) =0  x3 =−1
1 1 1  1
 x1000 + 1000
=x3333  x + 3333
=− x − =−  x +  =−1
x x x x  x

61 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 262
a+b =20 and ab = 51 , find the value of 12 + 12 .
a b
已知 a、b 皆為正實數且滿足等式 a + b =20 和 ab = 51 ，求
1 1
2
+ 2 的值。
a b
解： 298
2601
1 1
+
a2 b2
a 2 + b2
= 2 2
ab
( + b ) − 2ab
2
a
=
a 2b 2
400 − 102
=
2601
298
=
2601

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 263
Number Theory 1
數論
1 1
13. If x + =−2 , find the value of x 2021 + 2021 .
x x
1 1
若x+ = −2 ，求 x 2021 + 2021 的值。
x x 解
解： −2
1
x+ = −2
x
x2 + 2 x + 1 = 0
( x + 1) =
2
Final Round
0
x = −1
1
 x 2021 + 2021
x 1
1
( −1)
2021
= +
( −1)
2021
= −2
14. Find the remainder of 52021 divided by 9.

求 52021 除以 9 的餘數。解
解：2
52021
 125673  25 ( mod 9 )
 ( −1)  ( −2 )( mod 9 )
673
 2 ( mod 9 )

63 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 268
1 1 1
15. If + = and x, y are positive integers, find the sum of all
x y 5
1 1 1
若 + =和 x、y 皆為正整數，求 x 的所有可能值之和。
x y 5
解：46
1 1 1
+ =
x y 5
 xy − 5 x − 5 y =
0
 ( x − 5 )( y − 5 ) =
25
 x −5 = 1 or 5 or 25
x= 6 or 10 or 30
 6 + 10 + 30 =46

by 8. Find the smallest value of this 4-digit number.
一個四位數除以 2 餘 1，除以 4 餘 1，除以 8 餘 5，求這個四位數
最小值。
解：1005
5= 2  2 1
= 4 1 1
= 8 0 5
1000= 8 125
1005 =
8 125 + 5

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 265
17. Find the smallest integer x that larger than 2021, such that when
7 x−2021 is divided by 50 to get a remainder of 1.
求大於 2021 的最小正整數 x，使得 7 x−2021 除以 50 時的餘數為 1。 1
解：2025
7 2  −1( mod 50 )
解
 7 4  1( mod 50 )
 x − 2021 =4
x= 2025
2
Final Round
解：2047
1024 = 210
1 + 2 + 4 + ... + 1024
2048 − 1 解
=
1
= 2047

65 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 266
Geometry
幾何
。 19. If the area of a circle is 9 times of its perimeter, find the radius of this
circle.
若一圓形的面積是周界的 9 倍，求該圓形的半徑。
解：18
 r 2 = 9 ( 2 r )
r = 18
20. There are two congruent triangles. Use them to build up a

parallelogram with three different methods. The perimeters of the
three parallelograms are 40, 44 and 52 respectively. Find the
perimeter of the triangle.
現有兩個全等三角形，將它們以三種不同方法拼成平行四邊形，
三個平行四邊形的周界分別為 40，44 和 52，求三角形的周界。
解：34
2 ( x + y ) = 40

2 ( y + z ) = 44  2  2 ( x + y + z ) = 136  x + y + z = 34

2 ( x + z ) = 52

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 267

21. Find the shortest distance between point 8 2, 0 and the straight line  2
y x.
 
求點 8 2, 0 與直線 y  x 的最短距離。
解：8 解
 
2
2x2  8 2
x 8
22. It is known that a triangle with side lengths 10, 24 and 26. Find the
area of the triangle.
已知一個三角形的邊長為 10，24 和 26，求三角形的面積。
Final Round
解：120
2
102  242  262
1
  10  24  120
2 解
23. In a quadrilateral ABCD, if A  B  C  D  50 . Find D .

在四邊形 ABCD 中，若 A  B  C  D  50 ，求 D 。 2
解： 155
 A  B  C  D  360

 A  B  C  D  50 解
 D  155

67 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 268
ne 24. In a parallelogram, if one of the interior angles is five times of another

interior angle. Find the largest interior angle of the parallelogram.
平行四邊形中，若其中一隻內角為另一隻的五倍，求平行四邊形
中的最大內角。
解： 150
2 x  2  5 x   360
x  30
 5  30  150
Combinatorics
組合數學
25. How many diagonal(s) does regular 16-sided polygon have?

問正十六邊形有多少條對角線？
解：104
C 216  16  120  16  104
26. Consider the sequence 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, …, find the value of

the 2021st term of the sequence.
考慮數列 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, …，求數列的第 2021 項。
解：5
63  64
  2016
2
 2021th  5

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 269
27. Suppose 2 cards are drawn from an ordinary poker deck of 52 playing 3
cards one by one without replacement. Find the probability that
getting different numbers.
從一副 52 張的普通撲克牌中不重覆地抽出 2 張牌。求抽出不相
同數字的機率。解
16
解：
17
1 3 16
1−  13 =
13 51 17
28. Find the number of 3-digit positive integers that the product of its
digits is 24.
求位值之積為 24 的三位正整數的數量。
Final Round
解：21
24= 23  3
 24 = 8  3 1 = 6  4 1 = 6  2  2 = 4  3  2
6 + 6 + 3 + 6 =21
29. Find the number of positive square numbers that are less than 2021
and divisible by 9.
求小於 2021，且能被 9 整除的正平方數的數量。
解：14
452 = 2025
 32 , 62 ,92 ,122 ,152 ,182 , 212 ,.., 422  14

69 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 270
g 30. If 6 children take photo in 2 rows evenly, how many arrangement(s) is

/ are there?
若有六位小朋友平均分成前後兩行拍照，問有多少種排列方法？
解：720
P66  720
~ 全卷完 ~
~ End of Paper ~

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 332

Final Round 2021
1) 13) 25)
5 5 5 5 5 5
1099 2 104
2) 14) 26)
5 72 5 5 2 5 5 5 5
3) 15) 16
5 113 5 5 46 5 5 27) 5
17
Final Round
4) 16) 28)
5 50 5 5 1005 5 5 21 5
5) 17) 29)
5 2401 5 5 2025 5 5 14 5
6) 18) 30)
5 35 5 5 2047 5 5 720 5

7) 19)
5 5 5 5
 5 x  3  x  4  18
8) 20)
5 0 5 5 34 5
9) 21)
5 7 5 5 8 5
10) 22)
5 21 5 5 120 5
11) 23)
5 5 5 5
1 155
298 24)
5 12) 5 5 150 5
2601

TIONAL MAT
NA H
EM
KON TER
ATICAL OLY
G IN
G MP
HON IAD

Heat Round

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 177


Logical Thinking
Heat Round
邏輯思維
1. Andy goes south for 5km, then goes east for 12km. How far is he now
from the original position in km?
安迪向南走了 5 公里，向東走了 12 公里，問他和原來位置相距
多少公里？
解：13
122 + 52 =
13

77 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 178
2. There are 5 pairs of white chopsticks, 6 pairs of yellow chopsticks and

7 pairs of brown chopsticks mixed together. Close your eyes. If you
want to get 1 pair of chopsticks of each colour, at least how many
piece(s) of chopstick(s) is / are needed to be taken?
現有白色、黃色、棕色的筷子分別有 5 對、6 對和 7 對，把它們
混在一起。你要在閉上眼睛的情況下，從這些筷子中取出不同顏
色的筷子各一對，最少要取多少根？
解：28
(14 + 12 + 1) + 1 =28

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 179
3. Given A and D are two non-zero digits and the 2-digit numbers 4
formed by these two digits have the following properties:
2. The number of factor(s) for AD is 6;
3. DA  80 解
已知 A 和 D 為兩個非零數字，且利用這兩個數字組成的兩位數
有以下性質：
1. DA 是質數；
2. AD 有 6 個因數；
3. DA  80 ；
求兩位數 DA 的值。
Heat Round
解：29
29
92 = 22  23 = ( 2 + 1)  (1 + 1) = 6 5

79 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 180
4. How many right angle(s) is / are made by hour hand and minute hand
between 4 and 5?
四時和五時之間有多少個直角由時針和分針組成？
解：2
5  4 − 15
=5
1
1−
12
5  4 + 15
= 38
1
1−
12
 4 : 05, 4 : 38
Algebra
代數

( a − b) =
2
330 and ab = 20 , find the value of a 2 + b 2 .
已知 a、b 皆為正實數且滿足等式 ( a − b ) =
2
330 和 ab = 20 ，求
a 2 + b 2 的值。
解：370
(a − b)
2
330
=
a 2 − 2ab + b 2 =330
ab = 20
a 2 + b2 =
370

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 181
6. Factorize x2 + 4 x − 96 .
因式分解 x2 + 4 x − 96 。
解： ( x − 8 )( x + 12 ) 9
x 2 + 4 x − 96 = ( x − 8 )( x + 12 )
7. How many integral solution(s) is / are there for x if 271  3x + 7  46 ?

若 271  3x + 7  46 ，則 x 有多少個整數解？解
解：74
271  3x + 7  46
264  3x  39
1
Heat Round
88  x  13
110 − 23 − 1 =74
解
8. Find the value of y if ( y − 44 ) + 2 ( y + 4 ) =
0.
若 ( y − 44 ) + 2 ( y + 4 ) =
0 ，求 y 的值。
解：12
( y − 44 ) + 2 ( y + 4 ) =
0
y − 44 + 2 y + 8 = 0
3 y = 36
y = 12

81 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 182
Number Theory
數論
1 1
9. Given x  0 and x −
=7 , find the value of x 2 + 2 .
x x
1 1
已知 x  0 及 x − =7 ，求 x 2 + 2 的值。
x x
?
解：51
2
2 1  1
x − 2 =  x +  + 2 = 49 + 2 = 51
x  x

解：14688
6666 = 2  3 11101
( 2 + 1)  ( 3 + 1)  (11 + 1)  (101 + 1) =
14688

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 183
not divisible by 9?
由 1 至 3200 中，有多少個整數可同時被 6 和 7 整除，但不可被 9
整除？ 1
解：51
6 7 =42
3200  42 =
76...8 解
L.C.M . ( 42,9 ) = 126

3200  42 = 25...50
76 − 25 =51
Heat Round
12. B is an integer such that B12 is a 14-digit number with 1 as unit digit. 1
Find the value of B.
B 為正整數，而 B12 是一個 14 位數，且個位是 1，求 B 的值。
解：13
12
The unit digit of B is 1 and B is a 14-digit number. So B = 13 .
B12 個位為 1 且 B12 是 14 位數，故 B = 13 。

83 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 184
ut Geometry
幾何
9
13. An interior angle of a n-sided polygon is 10 times of its exterior angle.
Find n.
一個正 n 邊形的其中一隻內角比外角大 9 倍，求 n。
解：20
180  10  9 =
162
( n − 2 ) 180 = 162
n
n = 20
. 14. An iron wire is bent into a circle which diameter is 21. If the wire is
now bent into a rectangle, what is the maximum integral value of area
22
of this rectangle? (Take  = )
7
一條鐵線被屈成一個直徑為 21 的圓形，若這條鐵線現在被屈成
22
一個矩形，問該矩形面積最大整數值是多少？（取  = ）
7
解：272
22
21 =66
7
66  4 =
16.5
16.52 = 272.25
= 272

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 185
15. Small cubes with side length 1 are combined according to the pattern 解
shown below. Figure 1 was formed by 7 small cubes. Figure 2 was
formed by 25 small cubes. Find the volume of Figure 5.
邊長為 1 的小立方體按以下規律組合成立體。圖一由 7 個小立方
體組成；圖二由 25 個小立方體組成。求圖五的體積。
Figure 1
Heat Round
圖一 1
Figure 2
圖二
Question 15
第 15 題

85 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 186
n 解：231
3 7
1: =7
方 3
5  15
2: = 25
3
7  27
3: = 63
3
9  43
4: = 129
3
11 63
5: = 231
3
16. A cube with side length 13 is cut into cubes with side length 1. Find
the increase in total surface area of the cubes.
一個邊長13的正方體被切成若干個邊長為1的正方體，總表面面
積一共增加了多少？
解：12168
133  6 −13 13  6 =12168

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 187
Combinatorics 解
組合數學
17. In how many possible way(s) can 10 identical balls be distributed into
3 distinct boxes in which each box contains at least 1 ball?
把 10 個完全相同的球放入三個不同的盒中，每盒至少有一個
球，問共有多少個不同的分配方法？
解：36
98
C29
= = 36
2
[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 188
18. If Amy goes from point A to point B, each step can only move up or 1
Heat Round
right. How many way(s) is / are there?

如果艾美從 A 點走到 B 點，每步只能向上或向右走，共有多少種
走法？
B 解
A
Question 18
第 18 題

87 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 189
解：29
B
o 1 4 10 29
3 6 10 19
1 3 4 9
1 2 3 4 5
88 A 1 1 1 1
19. For a n-digit number which leftmost digit is 3, if the leftmost digit is
now put at the rightmost, the new number formed is 3 times the
original. Find the minimum value of n.
種有一個 n 位數的最左邊數位是 3，若把最左邊的數位放在最右
邊，則組成的數字會是原來的 3 倍。求 n 的最小值。
解：7
Let the original number be 3 10n−1 + a .
設原本的數為 3 10n−1 + a 。
3 ( 3 10n −1 + a ) = 10a + 3
9 10n − 3
7a =
9 10n − 3
a=
7
n=7

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 190
20. Use 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 to form eight-digit numbers. The odd digits

cannot be next to each other and the even digits cannot be next to each
other. How many number(s) can be formed in this way?
使用 1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8 中組成八位數，令奇數位值和奇
數位值不相鄰，偶數位值和偶數位值不相鄰。問這樣的數有多少
個？
解：1152
4! 4! 2 =
1152
填
O
~ 全卷完 ~ p
~ End of Paper ~
Heat Round

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 237

Heat Round 2022
1) 9) 17)
3 13 3 3 51 3 3 36 3
2) 10) 18)
3 28 3 3 14688 3 3 29 3
3) 11) 19)
3 3 3 3 3 3
Heat Round
29 51 7
4) 12) 20)
3 2 3 3 13 3 3 1152 3

5) 13)
3 370 3 3 20 3
6) 14)
3 ( x − 8)( x + 12) 3 3 272 3
7) 15)
3 74 3 3 231 3
8) 16)
3 12 3 3 12168 3

TIONAL MAT
NA H
EM
KON TER
ATICAL OLY
G IN
G MP
HON IAD

Semi-Final

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 204
香港國際數學競賽晉級賽 2022 2

解
Secondary 1 Detailed Solution Q

3
Logical Thinking
Semi-Final
邏輯思維

chickens is 4 times as the number of rabbits. The total number of legs
of chicken’s is 280 more than that of rabbit’s. How many rabbit(s) is /
are there?
解
解：70
280  ( 4  2 − 4) =70

04 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 204
2. How many time(s) will a straight line be made by hour hand and
minute hand from 6pm to 7pm?
下午六時正與七時正之間由時針和分針形成多少次直線？
解：2
Question Paper
180 8
試題 = 32
6 − 0.5 11
8
6 : 00, 6 : 32
11
2
3. There are 5 pairs of white chopsticks, 6 pairs of yellow chopsticks and

7 pairs of brown chopsticks mixed together. Close your eyes. If you
want to get 2 pairs of chopsticks with different colour, at least how
many piece(s) of chopstick(s) is / are needed to be taken?
現有白色、黃色、棕色的筷子分別有 5 對、6 對和 7 對，把它們
s
混在一起。你要在閉上眼睛的情況下，從這些筷子中取出兩對不
/
同顏色的筷子，最少要取多少根？
解：17
(14 + 1 + 1) + 1 =17

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 205
4. Andy goes west for 20km, then goes north for 21km. How far is he
now from the original position in km?
安迪向西走了 20 公里，向北走了 21 公里，問他和原來位置相距
多少公里？ 6
解：29
202 + 212 =
29 解

2002、2004、2006、...、2998、3000、3002
解：2502
Semi-Final
( 2002 + 3002 )  2 =2502

05 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 206
Algebra
代數
距
6. Find the value of x if 2 y − x + 13 + y + 7 =0.
若 2 y − x + 13 + y + 7 =0 ，求 x 的值。
解： −1
2 y − x + 13 =0

y + 7 = 0
y = −7
2 ( −7 ) − x + 13 =0
−14 − x + 13 =0
x = −1

a+b = 20 and ab = 4 , find the value of a 2 + b2 .
已知 a、b 皆為正實數且滿足等式 a + b = 20 和 ab = 4 ，求 a 2 + b2
的值。
解：392
a 2 + b 2 = ( a + b ) − 2ab
2
= 202 − 2 ( 4 )
= 400 − 8
= 392

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 207
8. Factorize x2 − 12 x − 45 . 1
因式分解 x2 − 12 x − 45 。
解： ( x + 3)( x − 15 ) 解
x − 12 x − 45 = ( x − 15 )( x + 3)
2
4 − 2x
9. How many integral solution(s) is / are there for x if −4   6?
7
4 − 2x
若 −4   6 ，則 x 有多少個整數解？
7
解：35
4 − 2x
Semi-Final
−4  6
7
−28  4 − 2 x  42 1
−32  −2 x  38
−19  x  16
解
15 + 19 + 1 = 35

07 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 209
10. Find the value of y if ( 41 − 2 y ) − 3 ( y + 7 ) =

0.
若 ( 41 − 2 y ) − 3 ( y + 7 ) =
0 ，求 y 的值。
解：4
( 41 − 2 y ) − 3 ( y + 7 ) =
0
41 − 2 y − 3 y − 21 = 0
20 − 5 y = 0
5 y = 20
y=4
Number Theory
數論
11. Find the unit value of 1515 + 2515 + 3515 + 4515 + 5515 .
求 1515 + 2515 + 3515 + 4515 + 5515 的個位值。
解：5
1515 + 2515 + 3515 + 4515 + 5515  1 + 8 + 7 + 4 + 5 ( mod10)  5 ( mod10)

解：624
515= 5 103
( 5 + 1)  (103 + 1) =624

Hong[作者姓氏]
Kong International Mathematical Olympiad
/ "[從標題開始的 1 到 2Semi-Final
個字]" 2022 / 210
not divisible by 8?
由 1 至 515 中，有多少個整數可同時被 4 和 6 整除，但不可被 8
整除？ 1
解：21
515  12 =42...11
 42  2 =21
解
14. A 3-digit positive integer has a remainder 7 when divided by 9, has a
by 7. What is such largest 3-digit number? 1
一個三位正整數除以 9 餘 7，除以 8 餘 6，除以 7 餘 5，問這個三
位數最大是多少？
Semi-Final
解：502
L.C.M . ( 7,8,9 ) = 504 解
504 − 2 =502
解：408
515= 5 103
 1  1 
515  1 −   1 −  =4 102 =408
 5   103 

10 香港國際數學競賽晉級賽 2022
[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 211
Geometry
幾何
8
area of the triangle. (Answer in surd form)
一個直角三角形的斜邊為 30，求這三角形面積的最大值。（答
案以根式表示）
解：450
a 30  30  2 =450
三 Find the maximum value of the total surface area of the cuboid.
該長方體總表面面積的最大值。
解：623
515 = 1 5 103
1 5 + 5 103 + 1103 =623
?

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 212
18. M ( x, −3) is the mid-point of A ( 9, −2) and B ( −5,7 − y ) . Find the

value of x + y .
M ( x, −3) 是 A ( 9, −2) 和 B ( −5,7 − y ) 的中點，求 x + y 的值。
2
解：12
 9 − 5 −2 + ( 7 − y ) 
 , = ( x, −3)
 2 2 
解
( 2,5 − y ) = ( 2 x, −6 )
2 x = 2  x = 1

5 − y =−6  y =11 2
 x + y = 1 + 11 = 12
Semi-Final
19. If the lengths of three sides of a triangle are 7, 24 and 25, find the area
of the triangle.
若邊長為7、24及25的三角形，求三角形的面積。
解：84
72 + 242 = 252 解
7  24
= 84
2
20. How many time(s) is the interior angle of a regular 15-sided polygon
as much as the exterior angle?
問正十五邊形的內角為外角的多少倍？
解：6.5
(180 − 360 15)  (360 15) = 156  24 = 6.5

12 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 212
Combinatorics
組合數學
21. In how many possible way(s) can 9 identical balls be distributed to 4

distinct boxes in which each box contains at least 1 ball?
把 9 個完全相同的球放入 4 個不同的盒中，每盒至少有一個球，
問共有多少個不同的分配方法？
解：56
C38 = 56
steps each time. The 8th and the 9th step cannot be stepped on as they
are destroyed. How many way(s) is / are there for Mary to go up the
ea stairs?
第 8 級和第 9 級因為損壞而不能踏上，問瑪麗走上這道樓梯共有
多少種走法？
解：88
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th
1 2 4 7 13 24 44 44 44 88

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 213
23. 43 cards are marked from 1 to 43 and 2 cards are drawn at random. 2
Find the probability that two cards are drawn such that the product is
a multiple of 3.
由 1 至 43 號卡片中隨意抽出兩張。求得到兩張卡片使它們之積
解
71
解：
129
43  3 =
14...1
14 13 14 29 71
  + C12   =
43 42 43 42 129
24. When do the hour hand and the minute hand overlap between 6:01pm
and 7:02pm?
Semi-Final
在下午 6 時 1 分至 7 時 2 分之間，時針和分針何時重疊？
8
解： 6 : 32
11
180 8
= 32
6 − 0.5 11

13 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 214
25. 15th May, 2022 is Sunday, which nearest year’s 15th May was
Sunday?
2022 年 5 月 15 日是星期日，之前最近的哪一年 5 月 15 日亦是星
期日？
解：2016
+1: 2022, 2021, 2019, 2018, 2017,...
+2 : 2020,...
 2017 − 1 =2016
~ 全卷完 ~
m ~ End of Paper ~

62 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 262

Semi-Final 2022
4 1) 11) 21)
4
70 4 4 5 4 4 56
4
4 2) 12) 22)
4
2 4 4 624 4 4 88
4
4 3) 13) 71
4 17 4 4 21 4 4 23) 4
4 129
4) 14) 24)
4 4 29 4 4 502 4 4 8 4
6 : 32
11
5) 15) 25)
4
2502 4 4 408 4 4 2016
4

6) 16)
4 4 4 450 4
−1
7) 17)
4
392 4 4 623 4
8) 18)
4 4 4
4
( x + 3)( x −15) 12
9) 19)
4
35 4 4 84 4
10) 20)
4
4 4 4 6.5 4

TIONAL MAT
NA H
EM
KON TER
ATICAL OLY
G IN
G MP
HON IAD

Final Round

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 257
香港國際數學競賽總決賽 2022 2


中學一年級詳細題解
解
Logical Thinking
Final Round
邏輯思維
3
1. Find the average of the following number sequence.
2005、2000、2012、2007、2019、2014、…、2313、2308、2320、
2315
解
解：2160
( 2005 + 2000 + 2320 + 2315)  2 =
4320
4320  2 = 2160

57 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 258
2. A bus travelling from point A to point B takes 4 hours. The average

speed from B to A is 90 km/h, and the average speed from B to A is
two-thirds of the speed from A to B. Find the distance between
A and B in km.
一輛巴士由 A 地前往 B 地要花 4 小時。從 B 到 A 的平均速度是
90 公里/小時，從 B 到 A 的平均速度是從 A 到 B 的平均速度的三
分之二，問兩地相距多少公里？
解：540
x 2
= 90 
4 3
x
= 135
4
x = 540
3. Karlos walks 59km east, then walks 20km north, then walks 38km
west. How far is he now from the original position in km?
卡洛斯向東走了 59 公里，向北走了 20 公里，向西走了 38 公里，
、問他和原來位置相距多少公里？
解：29
(59 − 38) 2 + 20 2
= 841
= 29 2
= 29

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 259
4. There are some chickens and pigs in a cage and the number of 5
chickens is 5 times and 6 fewer the number of pigs. The number of
legs of chickens is 3 times and24 fewer the number of legs of pigs.
What is the total number of chickens and pigs in the cage?
雞豬同籠，雞的數量是豬的 5 倍少 6 隻，雞的腿是豬的腿的 3 倍
少 24 條，問雞和豬共有多少隻？解
解：30
2 ( 5 x − 6 ) − 4 ( x )( 3 ) =−24
10 x − 12 − 12 x = −24
−2 x = −12
x=6
 5 x + x −= 6 6 ( 6 ) −= 6 30
Final Round

59 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 260
5. It is known that
= A : B 3:= 2, B : C 7= : 5, C : D 2 : 5 and
A+ B +C + D = 1470 . Find the value of D − A .
已知= A : B 3:=
2, B : C 7= : 5, C : D 2 : 5 及 A + B + C + D =
1470 ，
求 D − A 的值。
倍
解：84
A B C D
3 2
7 5
21 14 10
2 5
21 14 10 25
A : B : C : D = 21:14 :10 : 25
1470
=D− A =  ( 25 − 21) 84
21 + 14 + 10 + 25

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 261

3 ( x − 5) − 7
−3   2?
5
7
3 ( x − 5) − 7
若 −3   2 ，則 x 有多少個整數解？
5
解：8 解
3 ( x − 5) − 7
−3  2
5
−15  3 ( x − 5 ) − 7  10
−8  3 ( x − 5 )  17
8 17
Final Round
−  x−5 
3 3
7 32 8
x
3 3
1 2
2  x  10
3 3
 3, 4,5, 6, 7,8,9,10 解
8

61 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 262
Algebra
代數
7. How many negative integral solution(s) is / are there for x if

4x + 50  − x + 25 ?
若 4x + 50  − x + 25 ，則 x 有多少個負整數解？
解：4
4 x + 50  − x + 25
5 x  25 − 50
5 x  −25
x  −5
 x =−1, −2, −3, −4
4
2
8. If x and x + 81 are both positive integers, find the sum of all
2
若 x 和 x + 81 皆為正整數，求 x 的所有可能值之和。
解：52
x 2 + 81 =
m2
 ( m + x )( m − x ) =
81
81 =1 81 = 27  3 = 9  9
=m + x 81 =m + x 27 =m + x 9
 or  or 
=m − x 1 =m − x 3 =m − x 9
x= 40 or 12 or 0(rej )
 40 + 12 =52

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 263
9. If x and y are positive integers and 25 x − 15 y =

65 , find the minimum 1
value of 3x + 5 y .
若 x 和 y 是正整數且 25 x − 15 y = 65 ，求 3x + 5 y 的最小值。
解
解：35
25 x − 15 y =
65
5x − 3 y =
13
1
x = 5

y = 4
3 x + 5 y = 3 ( 5 ) + 5 ( 4 ) = 35
 35
解
Final Round
10. Find the value of x if ( 45 + 32x ) − 7 ( 3x − 7 ) =

0.
若 ( 45 + 32x ) − 7 ( 3x − 7 ) =
6
解： −8
11
( 45 + 32 x ) − 7 ( 3x − 7 ) =
0
45 + 32 x − 21x + 49 =
0
11x + 94 =
0
6
x = −8
11

63 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 264
m 2
11. Factorize 4 x + x − 14 .
2
因式分解 4 x + x − 14 。
解： ( x + 2)( 4 x − 7 )
4 x 2 + x − 14 = ( 4 ) x 2 + (8 − 7 ) x + ( −14 ) = ( x + 2 )( 4 x − 7 )
12. If 596 can be written as the sum of square of four consecutive odd
numbers, find the smallest odd number among them.
若 596 可以寫成四個連續奇（單）數的平方之和，求當中最小的
奇（單）數。
解：9
596
 12
4
 92 + 112 + 132 + 152 =
596

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 265
Number Theory 1
數論
13. Find the sum of all positive factor(s) of 1053. 解

解：1694
1053= 34 13
(1 + 3 + 32 + 33 + 34 )  (1 + 13)
= (1 + 3 + 9 + 27 + 81)  14
1
=(1 + 30 + 90)  14
= 12114
= 1694
Final Round
解
14. Find the smallest positive integer x that larger than 2022, such that
when 3x−2022 is divided by 20, it has a remainder of 1.
求大於 2022 的最小正整數 x，使得 3x−2022 除以 20 時的餘數為 1。
解：2026
33  7 ( mod 20 )
 34  1( mod 20 )
 x − 2022 =4
x= 2026

65 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 266
15. Find the last 3 digits of A if A = 2 + 7 +12 + + 492 + 497 .

若 A = 2 + 7 +12 + + 492 + 497 ，求 A 的最後 3 個數位。
解：950
A = 2 + 7 + 12 + + 492 + 497
=A
( 2 + 497 )   497 − 2=
+1
 499 100
= 24950
 
2  5  2
 950
15
16. Find the remainder for 70 divided by 9.
15
求 70 除以 9 的餘數。
解：1
7015
 715 ( mod 9 )
。
 7  497 ( mod 9 )
 7  47 ( mod 9 )
 7  4 16 16 16 ( mod 9 )
 11 7  7  7 ( mod 9 )
 343 ( mod 9 )
 1( mod 9 )

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 267
17. If 3-digit positive integer x satisfies x  7 ( mod13) , find the maximum

value of x.
若三位正整數 x 滿足 x  7 ( mod13) ，求 x 的最大值。 1
解：995
x  7 ( mod13)
999  13 =76 11
 76 13 + 7 =995
18. A 4-digit number is divisible by 5, has a remainder 5 when divided by

7 and has a remainder 4 when divided by 9. Find the smallest possible 解
value of this 4-digit number.
Final Round
一個四位數能被 5 整除，除以 7 餘 5，除以 9 餘 4，求這個四位

數最小可能值。
解：1300
40= 5  8
= 75 5
= 9 4 4
L.C.M (5, 7,9) = 315
1000  315 = 3...55
 4  315 + 40 = 1300

67 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 268
m Geometry
幾何
19. An iron wire is bent in the form of eleven identical squares. The area
of each square is 625. If the wire is now bent in the form of five
identical circles, find the radius of the circles. (Take  = 22 )
7
一條鐵線被屈成十一個相同的正方形，每個正方形的面積為
625。若這條鐵線現在被屈成五個相同的圓形，求這些圓形的半
徑。（取  = 22 ）
7
by
le 解：35
625 = 25
22
 25  4 11  5  2 =35
7

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 269
20. There are three congruent triangles. If we combine them in three 2

different ways to form three distinct trapezoids, the perimeters of the
three trapezoids are 40, 44 and 52 respectively. Find the perimeter of
one of the triangles.
現有三個全等三角形，將它們以三種不同方法拼成三個形狀各異
的梯形，三個梯形的周界分別為 45，50 和 55，求這些三角形各
自的周界。
Question 20
第 20 題
解：30
Final Round
3 x + y + z = 45

 x + 3 y + z = 50  5 ( x + y + z ) = 150  x + y + z = 30
 x + y + 3z = 55


69 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 270
21. A square and a right-angled triangle overlap. The base of the triangle
is the same as the side length of the square and the height of the
f triangle is twice the side length of the square. If the length of the
diagonal of the square is 20, find the area of the right-angled triangle.
異一個正方形與一個直角三角形重疊。三角形的底長與正方形的邊
各長相同，而三角形的高為正方形邊長的兩倍。若正方形對角線的
長度為 20，求直角三角形的面積。
Question 21
第 21 題
解：200
2 x 2 = 202
20
x=
2
20 20
 A=  22
2 2
A = 200

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 271
22. The perimeter of the base of a square pyramid is 36, If the value of 2
area of the base of the pyramid is 3 times the value of height of the
pyramid, find the volume of the square pyramid.
一正方錐體的底的周長是 36，若正方錐體的底面積是高度的 3
倍，問該正方錐體的體積。
解
解：729
36  4 =9
9  9 = 81 = 3  h
h = 27
1
  81 27 = 729
3
Final Round
2
23. A polygon is fan triangulated if we choose one vertex from the
polygon and draw edges to join it to all other non-neighbouring
vertices of the polygon so that the edges divide the polygon into a
number of triangles. If the sum of the exterior angles of a regular
polygon is 12 times the number of triangles formed by fan 解
triangulating the regular polygon. How many side(s) does the regular
polygon have?
一個多邊形被扇形三角部分若我們選擇多邊形的其中一個頂點，
並以直線連接該頂點與多邊形中其他所有非鄰接的頂點，從而把 2
多邊形分割為多個三角形。若一個正多邊形的外角和為其被扇形
三角剖分的三角形個數的 12 倍，問該正多邊形有多少條邊？
解：32 解
12 ( n − 2 ) =
360
n−2 = 30
n = 32

版權所有不得翻印 All Rights Reserved 2
71 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 272
現有邊長 1 的正方體 576 個，將它們堆成一個實心的長方體。求
解：416
576 = 26  32 = 9  8  8
 ( 8  9 + 8  9 + 8  8 )  2= ( 72 + 72 + 64 )  2= 416
Combinatorics
組合數學
25. Find the number of positive square integers that are less than 2022
and are divisible by 5.
求小於 2022，且能被 5 整除的正平方整數的數量。
解：8
r 452 = 2025
 52 ,102 ,152 , 202 , 25[作者姓氏]
2 / "[從標題開始的
,302 ,352 , 40 2
8 1 到 2 個字]" / 273
，
把 26. Find the number of 3-digit positive integer(s) such that the product of
形 its digits is 18 or 21.
求位值之積為 18 或 21 的三位正整數的數量。
解：21
18= 2  32
 18 = 9  2 1 = 6  3 1 = 3  3  2
21= 7  3
 21 = 7  3 1
 6 + 6 + 3 + 6 =21
27. Suppose 2 cards are版權所有
randomly drawn
不得翻印 All from an ordinary poker deck of
Rights Reserved
52 playing cards one by one without replacement. Find the probability

that the two cards share the same suit.
從一副 52 張的普通撲克牌中不重覆地隨機抽出 2 張牌，求抽出
18= 2  32
 18 = 9  2 1 = 6  3 1 = 3  3  2
21= 7  3
 21 = 7  3 1
 6 + 6 + 3 + 6 =21
27. Suppose 2 cards are randomly drawn from an ordinary poker deck of 3
52 playing cards one by one without replacement. Find the probability
that the two cards share the same suit.
從一副 52 張的普通撲克牌中不重覆地隨機抽出 2 張牌，求抽出
的 2 張牌具有相同花色的機率。
解： 4
17
13 12 4
 4 = 解
52 51 17 [作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 274
28. How many different way(s) is / are there to line up 8 identical red
cups, 4 identical blue cups and 2 identical black cups in a row from
left to right?
Final Round
請問共有多少個不同的排列方法由左至右放置 8 隻相同的紅色
杯、4 隻相同的藍色杯和 2 隻相同的黑色杯？
解：45045
14 13 12 1110  9
4  3  2  1 2  1
= 7 13 11 5  9
= 45045
29. Rearrange the letters from word "ABCDEFGH" such that A, E

become the first and the last letters of the word, how many different
arrangement(s) is / are there?
重新排列字串"ABCDEFGH"中的字母，讓 A、E 成為字串的第一
個和最後一個字母，問有多少種不同的排列方法？
解：1440
P66  2!= 720  2= 1440

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 275
f 30. A flight of stairs has 14 steps. Melo can go up 1 step, 2 steps or 3 steps
ty at a time. The 5th, 8th and the 11th step of the stairs cannot be stepped
on as they are broken. How many different way(s) is / are there for
出 Melo to go up the stairs?
一道有 14 級的樓梯，米洛每一步可以上 1 級、2 級或 3 級，其中
樓梯的第 5、第 8 和第 11 級因為損壞而不能踏上，問米洛共有多
少種不同的方法走上這道樓梯？
解：199
74 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th
1 2 4 7 11 18 29 47 76 123 199
~ 全卷完 ~
~ End of Paper ~

[作者姓氏] / "[從標題開始的 1 到 2 個字]" / 347

Final Round 2022
1) 13) 25)
5 5 5 5 5 5
2160 1694 8
2) 14) 26)
5 5 5 5 5 5
540 2026 21
3) 15) 4
5 5 5 5 5 27) 5
29 950 17
Final Round
4) 16) 28)
5 5 5 5 5 5
30 1 45045
5) 17) 29)
5 5 5 5 5 5
84 995 1440
6) 18) 30)
5 5 5 5 5 5
8 1300 199
7) 19)
5 5 5 5
4 35
8) 20)
5 5 5 5
52 30
9) 21)
5 5 5 5
35 200
6 22)
5 10) −8 5 5 5
11 729
11) 23)
5
( x + 2)( 4 x − 7 ) 5 5 32 5
12) 24)
5 5 5 5
9 416


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香 港 國 際 數 學 競 賽 初 賽 2 0 1 8

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