CHAPTER:6.

SOURCES OF ENERGY

A. Fill in the blanks:

1. Petroleum and Coal are non-renewable sources of energy.
2. Sun is a major renewable, natural resource.
3. The process, in which coal is strongly heated in the absence of air, is known as
Destructive distillation.
4. In oil wells, Natural Gas is always found above the layer of petroleum.
5. Coal-tar is a black viscous liquid, obtained by destructive distillation of coal.
B. State True or False for the following statements:
1. Fossil fuels are renewable natural resources: Ans: False
2. Anthracite has higher carbon content than lignite.
Ans: True
3. Coke can be used to make fuel gases.

Ans: True

4. Natural gas is found below the petroleum

layers.

Ans: False

5. Burning of fossil fuels is a major source of pollution.

Ans: True.
C. Tick(√) the correct option.
1. The highest grade of coal is known as—anthracite
2. Coke and coal tar are obtained from—coal
3. Different types of coal generally have the—different content of volatile material as well
as different percentage of carbon.
4. A product, that is not obtained through the refining of petroleum, is—coal gas
5. Which of the following is a renewable source of energy.
D. Answer the following questions in brief:
1. Define the term ‘fuel’.
Ans: The combustible substances which burns in presence of air to produce big
amount of heat energy. Examples: Coal, Wood, Kerosene etc.
2. Name any two renewable natural sourcesof energy.
Ans: Solar Energy and Wind Energy.
3. Define the term ‘ carbonisation’.
Ans: It is the process of conversion of dead plant materials into coal. It is done by
anaerobic decomposition of dead plant materials buried inside earth crust under high
temperature and pressure.
4. Name the three main products obtained from destructive distillation of coal.
Ans: Coke, Coal-tar and Coal-gas

5. State two uses each of the following:

Ans: a) Asphalt: 1. It is used for making road;
 2. It is used coating underside of electric poles (to prevent their rusting).

b) Paraffin Wax: 1. It is used as grease;

2. It is used to make

Candle, Ointment and Vaseline.

6. Write the full form of CNG, LPG and PNG.

Ans: CNG: Compressed Natural Gas
LPG: Liquefied Petroleum Gas
PNG: Piped Natural Gas.
E. Answer the following questions.
1. Describe, in brief, the process of coal formation.
Ans: Coal is formed by the process of conversion of dead plant materials into carbon
/coal. This process is called Carbonisation. Carbonisation is anaerobic bacterial
decomposition of plants’ materials buried inside earth crust under very high pressure
and temperature to increase carbon percentage.
2. Differentiate between lignite and bituminous coal.
Ans: Lignite has 38 percent carbon but bituminous has about 65 percent carbon.
Lignite is lower grade of coal but bituminous is higher grade of coal.
3. How do natural gas and petroleum occur in nature?
Ans: Natural gas and petroleum are fossil fuels. They are occurred together trapped
between two layers of impervious rocks about 500m to 2000m down inside crust.
Natural gas is found above the petroleum.
4. State the main advantages of using Natural gas.
Ans:- Natural gas is clean fossil fuel. Its Calorific value is high. It burns easily. Hence, it is
advantages to burn it as eco friendly high calorific, industrial and domestic fuel.
5. Keeping in mind their availability in nature explain the need of using coal and
petroleum judiciously.
Ans: Petroleum is fossil fuel. It takes millions of years for its formation. Present
petroleum resource cannot last for more than 70 years. Hence, it is needed to use them
judiciously i.e. with care and make it available for longer future-use.

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