ASSIGNMENT

ON
CHILD GUIDANCE
CLINIC

SUBMITTED TO
Madam Kaberi Das
Professor cum Acting vice principal
PBIN
SUBMITTED BY
Priya Chakraborty
M.Sc. Nursing 1st year
PBIN
Child guidance clinic was established for those children who were not fully adjusted to their
environment. They are guided and prevented from becoming psychotic and neurotic in later
life.

DEFINITION:-
Child guidance clinic are specialized clinics that deals with children of normal and abnormal
intelligence exhibiting a range of behaviour and psychological problems which are summed
up as maladjustment.

HISTORY:-
CGC was started in 1909 in Chicago to deal with the problems of Juvenile Delinquency. The
first CGC was started in India in 1939 at TATA Institute of Mumbai.

OBJECTIVES OF CGC :-
The objectives of CGC are:-
To ensure all round development of children and to maximize their potential to learn and
grow.
To provide counselling, guidance and information to parents regarding care and upbringing
of children.
To train parents to facilitate development and to prepare the children for placement in the
appropriate educational setup.
To organize remedial help for school children facing achievement problems.
To motivate parents for increased involvement for psychosocial adjustment.
To workout behaviour modification schedules for children, presenting behavioural problems.

PRINCIPLES OF TREATMENT IN CGC :-

The treatment of the child is carried out not by one person but by a team of workers. The
teams of members constitutes:-
Pediatricians
Psychiatrists
Playroom workers
Physical, intellectual, emotional, social, economic – each of this aspects are studied by the
representative staffs who is specialized in a particular field.

SERVICES PROVIDED BY CHC :-

Behavioural Guidance :-

Behavioural problems are mainly involved with cognitive developmental issues. Behavioural
problems seen in children attending CGC are :-
Poor academic performance and learning disorders.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Behavioural problems like – pica, bed wetting, sleep walking.
Children with mental retardation.
Addiction to TV, internet, disorganized routine.
Anxiety, school phobia, exam phobia, depression, social withdrawal.
Educational Guidance :-
Educational guidance is primarily concerned with students’ success in his/her
educational career.
The main principles of educational guidance are:-
 Development of self-realization
 Development of human relationship
 All round personality development
Educational guidance help the student to orient themselves to new purpose of
philosophy and education and make them adjustable with the learning
environment.

Personal Guidance:-
Personal guidance is the assistance offered to the individual to solve his emotional,
social, ethical, and moral and health problems. The principles of personal guidance
are-
 Focus on problems of life
 Concerned with social and civic activites
 Deals with healthy use of leisure times and character building.

ROLE OF PEDIATRIC NURSE IN CHILD GUIDNCE CLINIC :-

In CGC Pediatrics nurse acts as a resource person. She is expected to apply expert knowledge
and skills to a particular situation for the best expected outcomes.

Education: -
Role of nurse is not only encouraging, but educating the public. She provides information
and helps the client to learn or acquire new knowledge and technical skills. She encourages in
compliance of prescribed therapy, promotes healthy lifestyle.

Identification of children with adjustment problems:

Community health nurses identify the risk cases in the community through home visiting,
school health program, and conducting clinics.

Lobbying for child rights:

Involves concern for and actions in behalf of the client to bring about a change. Pediatric
nurse promotes what is best for the client, ensuring that the client's needs are met and
protecting the client's right and provides explanation in client’s language and support clients
decisions. She lobbies for established laws on child health as well as for rights of children.

Provide holistic nursing care:

A pediatric nurse possesses professional skills and a developmental orientation that is
naturally suited to the child care environment. When functioning as a child care health
Consultant (CCHC), a nurse has the opportunity to practice true holistic nursing.
Research:
Nurse plays an important role in the child guidance clinic, she also undertakes research
studies. She can participate in identifying significant researchable problems, participates in
scientific investigations and must be a consumer of research findings.

Role model:
Nurse helps in establishing good child parent bond; as well as
good teacher parent-child bond. Be an exemplary role model and by guiding them

Facilitation:
As a facilitator, pediatric nurse can influence not only the immediate
environment, but also has the Potential to positively affect the total well-being of
the children and family members through questioning insights, and counselling
techniques, to discover the answers and solutions on his/her own.

Counselling:
She helps client to recognize and cope with stressful psychologic or
Social problems; to develop an improved interpersonal relationships and to promote personal
growth.
She tries to:
1. Provide emotional, intellectual and psychological support
2. Focus on helping client to develop new attitudes, feelings and behaviours. rather than
promoting intellectual growth.
3. Encourage the client to look at alternative behaviour.

The concept of Child Guidance Clinic involves the all-round development of a child’s
physical and psychological functioning. Proper nursing care with guidance can ensure a child
to cope up with the reality and lead a healthy life ahead.
1. MECONIUM PLUG SYNDROME

Meconium is a thick, green, tar-like substance that lines your baby's intestines during
pregnancy. Meconium plug syndrome refers to a functional colonic obstruction in a
newborn due to an obstructing meconium plug. It is another important cause of
Intestinal Obstruction in newborn.

Fig: - Radiological imaging of Meconium Plug syndrome

2. WORMS

Worm infestation (tapeworm, hookworm) is another important cause of intestinal

obstruction for infants and toddlers.

3. FOREIGN BODIES

Foreign bodies like pieces of toys, coins, hard round substances can be a cause of
intestinal obstruction.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:-

Etiological Factors

Blockage in the intestine

Impairment of passage of material through the bowel