Countries of the world rely heavily on petroleum, coal and natural gas for their energy sources.

There
are two major types of energy sources: renewable and nonrenewable. Hydro-carbon or fossil fuels are
non-renewable sources of energy. Reliance on them poses real big problems. First, fossil fuels such as
oil, coal, gas etc, are finite energy resources and the world eventually will run out of them. Secondly,
they will become too expensive in the coming decades and too damaging for the environment to
repair. Thirdly, fossil fuels have direct polluting impacts on earth’s environment causing global
warming. In contrast, renewable energy sources such as, wind and solar energy are constantly and
naturally replenished and never run out.
Most renewable energy comes either directly or indirectly from the sun. Sunlight or solar energy can
be used for heating and lighting homes, for generating electricity and for other commercial and
industrial uses.
The sun’s heat drives the wind and this wind energy can be captured with wind turbines to produce
electricity. Then the wind and the sun’s heat cause water to evaporate. When this water vapour turns
into rain or snow and flows downhill into rivers or streams, its energy can be captured as hydroelectric
energy.
Along with the rain and snow, sunlight causes plants to grow. Plants produce biomass which again can
be turned into fuels such as fire wood, alcohol, etc identified as bioenergy.
Scientists have identified Hydrogen as another form of renewable energy source. It is the most
abundant element in nature. But it does not exist separately as a gas. It is always combined with other
elements, such as with oxygen to make water. Hydrogen, separated from another element, can be
burned as a fuel to produce electricity.
Our Earth’s interior contains molten lava with tremendous heat. This heat inside the Earth produces
steam and hot water which can be tapped as geothermal energy to produce electricity, for heating
home, etc.
Ocean energy comes from several sources. Ocean’s force of tide and wave can be used to produce
energy. The surface of the ocean gets more heat from the sun than the ocean depths. This temperature
difference can be used as energy source too.
1. Choose the correct answer from the following alternatives.
(a) In paragraph 1, it is said, "wind and solar energy are constantly and naturally replenished and
never run out." What does the writer want to mean by this?
i. Wind and solar energy are naturally unchangeable and never move from one place to another.
ii. Wind and solar energy are fixed both in amount and movement.
iii. Wind and solar energy are continually and naturally being refilled and are never to be finished.
iv. Wind and solar energy are natural things which are bound to get completely changed in course of
time.
(b) The sun is---- many natural energy.
i. connected with 7 ii. not the source of iii. not contributory factor for iv. destroying
(c) What does the expression, "reliance on them poses real big problems' mean?
i. Dependence on renewable energy sources may bring about danger
ii. Utilization renewable energy sources can be destructive.
iii. Dependence on non-renewable energy sources creates truly great problems.
iv. Depending on renewable energy sources is not safe as far as environment is concerned.
(d) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word 'rely used in line 1?
i. Apply ii. Supply iii. Depend iv. Utilize
(e) The sun is responsible --------
i. for the destruction of the world
ii. to cause evaporation
iii. for our environment
iv. for our many difficulties
(f) Hydrogen ------
i. has a separate existence
ii. exists in combination with oxygen
iii. is not consumable
iv. is not an abundant element in nature
(g) Consumption of fossil fuels –
i. is favorable for our happy life in the world
ii. is causing irreparable damage to our environment
iii. does not create any problem for us
iv. is not likely to lead us towards a crisis
(h) Rain and snow, sunlight and wind help grow ----
i. energy ii. electricity iii. plants iv. water power
(i) Which of the following describes the dissimilarity between the renewable energy source and the
non-renewable energy sources?
i. Renewable energy sources are fixed in amount like the non-renewable energy sources.
ii. Renewable energy sources are infinite and harmless to the environment totally unlike the
nonrenewable energy sources
iii. Non-renewable energy sources cannot be used so widely as renewable energy sources
iv. Renewable energy sources can be used only in some limited fields whereas non-renewable energy
sources have a great variety of users
(j) Which of the following best describes the renewable energy sources?
i. Destructive ii. Infinite iii. Fixed iv. Finite
(k) Renewable energy sources are for the environment.
(i) harmful (ii) detrimental (iii) suitable (iv) bad
(l) What will become too expensive in the coming decades?
(i) renewable energy sources (ii) non-renewable energy sources (iii) solar energy (iv) finite energy
(m) Why do fossil fuels have impact on earth's environment?
(i) because they make the environment warm (ii) because they are too expensive
(iii) because they pollute the world (iv) because they too damaging to repair the world
(n) Solar energy is the source of –
(i) non-renewable energy (ii) renewable energy (iii) hydroelectric energy (iv) geo-energy
(o)What safe energy resource people should use?
(i) renewable energy (ii) ocean energy (iii) bio energy (iv) solar energy
(p)Fossil fuels will go into — within the next decades.
(i) rise (ii) increase (iii) decline (iv) reliance
(q) What does the expression "The world eventually will run out of them" mean?
(i) The world will face severe crisis of renewable energy resources.
(ii) Fossil fuels will no more be available in the world some day.
(iii) People of all the countries will undergo the crisis of all forms of energy.
(iv) Excessive population will give rise to severe deadlock in regular activities of mankind.
(r) What does the expression "Reliance on them poses real big problems." mean?
(i) Dependence on renewable energy sources may bring about danger.
(ii) Utilizing renewable energy sources can be destructive.
(iii) Dependence on non-renewable energy sources creates truly great problems.
(iv) Depending on renewable energy sources is not safe as far as environment is concerned.
(s)Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word 'rely' used in line 1?
(i) apply (ii) supply (iii) depende (iv) utilize
(t)What is the main purpose of the author of this passage?
(i) to put up the positive things of non-renewable energy sources
(ii) to show the destructive aspects of renewable energy sources
(iii) to put up the best aspects of using renewable energy sources in contrast with nonrenewable
energy sources
(iv) to represent various renewable and non-renewable energy sources
(u) Rain and snow, sunlight and wind help grow –
(i) energy (ii) electricity (iii) plants (iv) water power
(v)Which of the following best describes the renewable energy sources?
(i) destructive (ii) best (iii) fixed (iv) finite
(w) There are two kinds of energy sources. What are they?
(i) fuel and oil (ii) fossil and coal (iii) renewable and non-renewable energy (iv) petroleum and gas
(x) Which of the following are non-renewable sources of energy?
(i) sun and wind (ii) hydrocarbon or fossil fuels (iii) wind and water (iv) rain or snow
(y) The sun is responsible
(i) for the destruction of the world (ii) to cause evaporation of sea-water and then rain
(iii) for our environment pollution (iv) for our many difficulties
(z) Hydrogen –
(i) has a separate existence (ii) exists in combination with oxygen
(iii) is not consumable (iv) is not an abundant element in nature
(z1) Consumption of fossil fuels .
(i) is favourable for our happy life in the world (ii) is causing irreparable damage to our environment
(iii) does not create any problem for us (iv) is not likely to lead us towards a crisis
(z2) The sun is --- many natural energies.
(i) connected with (ii) not the source of (iii) not contributory factor for (iv) destroying
(z3) Which of the following are finite energy sources?
(i) wind and water (ii) oil, coal and gas (iii) sunlight and water (iv) oil, water and wind
(z4) What can be trapped as geothermal energy?
(i) steam and hot water (ii) river and hot wind (iii) sunlight and wind (iv) steam and river
(z5) Which is identified as an another renewable energy source?
(i) hydrogen (ii) oxygen (iii) fossil fuel (iv) water
(z6) Which of the following statement(s) is true?
(i) Hydrocarbon is a source of Hydroelectricity. (ii) Fossil fuels are responsible for climate change.
(iii) Exploration of fuels is the wisest device.
(iv) Alternative power generating devices are to be discouraged.
(z7) We should avoid using nonrenewable energy for its being –
(i) friendly to environment (ii) ecologically inconvenient
(iii) responsible for global warming (iv) ii and iii
(z8) Mention the merit of using renewable sources of energy.
(i) They are going to be useless soon. (ii) They have limited sources.
(iii) They will run out some day. (iv) They have availability everywhere.
(z9) Flows of downhill rain water can be used for
(i) hydroelectric generation (ii) wheeling mills and factories
(iii) driving motor vehicles (iv) household activities
(z10) What is the message of the text?
(i) to show the destruction of non-renewable energy sources
(ii) to put up eco-friendly character of natural oil and gas
(iii) to present positive sides of fossil fuel
(iv) to create awareness about using renewable energy sources
(z11) Dependence on non-renewable source of energy is –
(i) useful (ii) harmful (iii) problematic (iv) viable
(z12) Energy has
(i) only one source (ii) no connection with the sun
(iii) a fixed source (iv) been discovered in many natural things
(z13) The word hydrocarbon stands for ,
(i) sun, gas etc. (ii) oil, coal, gas etc. (iii) water and wind (iv) heat and gas
(z14) The word 'finite' means –
(i) limited (ii) unlimited (iii) enough (iv) fuel
(z15) The word 'resources' refers to –
(i) source (ii) sourceable (iii) profit (iv) wealth
(z16) The word 'decade' refers to ---
(i) after 10 years (ii) the period of ten years (iii) before 10 years (iv) the period of sixteen years
(z17) The word 'replenish' refers to –
(i) omit (ii) fill up (iii) combined (iv) separate
(z18) Renewable energies are related to
(i) water (ii) moon (iii) star (iv) sun
(z19) Our earth consists of –
(i) lava (ii) heat (iii) both lava and heat (iv) air
(z20) Geothermal is used for -
(i) heating home (ii) breaking home (iii) making home (iv) re-making home
(z21) What does the phrase 'run out' mean in the above passage?
(i) start (ii) commence (iii) begin (iv) finish
(z22) Water evaporation is caused by the --- of the wind and sun.
(i) use (ii) heat (iii) fight (iv) collision
(z23) Reliance on --- causes big problems.
(i) petroleum (ii) natural gas (iii) hydro-carbon (iv) coal
(z24) Wind and sun's heat jointly result in -
(i) distillation (ii) replenishment (iii) evaporation (iv) decantation
(z25) Fossil fuels are
(i) infinite (ii) limited (iii) huge (iv) never-ending
(z26) Countries of the world depend heavily on --- energy.
(i) renewable (ii) non-renewable (iii) solar (iv) wind
(z27) What can pollute the earth?
(i) solar energy (ii) bio-energy (iii) ocean energy (iv) fossil fuels
(z28) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word 'reliance' in line 3?
(i) existence (ii) dependence (iii) competence (iv) prevalence
(z29) Renewable energy can be –
(i) damaging (ii) destructive (iii) harmful (iv) filled again
(z30) Hydrogen mixed with oxygen makes -
(i) gas (ii) water (iii) solar energy (iv) electricity
(z31) One time, non-renewable energy will —
(i) alive (ii) survive (iii) produce (iv) run out
(z32) The Earth's interior contains
(i) molten lava (ii) hot water (iii) hot fuel (iv) snow
(z33) Ocean energy comes from –
(i) several elements (ii) hot water (iii) several forces (iv) several sources
(z34) The surface of ocean gets more heat from the –
(i) earth (ii) sun (iii) rain (iv) gas
(z35) Ocean's force of tide and water can be used to produce
(i) heat (ii) water (iii) gas (iv) energy
(z36) Hydrogen, another form of renewable energy source –
(i) has a separate existence (ii) exists in combination with oxygen
(iii) is not consumable (iv) is not an abundant element in nature
(z37) Which source of energy may cause global warming?
(i) renewable (ii) non-renewable (iii) natural (iv) none
(z38) What is the source of most renewable energy?
(i) wind (ii) tide (iii) ocean (iv) sun
(z39) Which energy sources do the countries of the world depend on?
(i) petroleum (ii) coal (iii) natural gas (iv) all stated above
(z40) What is the direct pollutant on earth's environment?
(i) renewable source (ii) non-renewable source (iii) sunlight (iv) solar energy
(z41) Which energy will never run short?
(i) oil (ii) sunlight (iii) coal (iv) petroleum
(z42) Hydrogen is another –
(i) renewable energy source (ii) non-renewable energy source
(iii) non-conducting source (iv) non-transmitting source
(z43) What is the possible outcome of using non-renewable sources of energy?
(i) They will be useless (ii) They will run out
(iii) Better source will be found out (iv) They will be available,
(z44) What is the benefit of renewable sources of energy?
(i) They are going to be useless soon. (ii) They have limited sources.
(iii) They will run out some day. (iv) They have availability everywhere.
(z45) Which of the following sentences is true?
(i) Renewable energy sources are going to be useless soon.
(ii) Non-renewable energy sources are eco-friendly.
(iii) Non-renewable energy sources will run out someday.
(iv) Renewable energy sources are harmful for environment.
(z46) --- never runs out.
(i) Oil (ii) Renewable energy (iii) Gas (iv) Petroleum
(z47) 'Abundant' means –
(i) deficient (ii) rare (iii) insufficient (iv) sufficient
(z48) 'Constantly' means
(i) irregularly (ii) normally (iii) occasionally (iv) regularly
(z49) Which of the following best describes the similarity between renewable and non-renewable
energy sources?
(i) They are finite energy sources.
(ii) They have direct polluting impact on earth's environment.
(iii) They are available.
(iv) The are costly.
(z50) What does the word 'exist' refer to?
(i) finish (ii) die (iii) endure (iv) prevail
(z51) What is the meaning of the word "evaporate"?
(i) condence (ii) boil (iii) cool (iv) vaporize
(z52) Geothermal energy can be used for
(i) running the cars (ii) heating home (iii) heating the surroundings (iv) doing work in the industries

2. Answer the following questions,

(a) Why do renewable energy sources never run out?
(b) What are the major differences between renewable and non-renewable energy sources?
(c) How do non-renewable energy play negative role on environment?
(d) What are the positive aspects of renewable energy?
(e) Where is the renewable energy used?
(f) 'Ocean energy comes from several sources.' What are they and how can it be used?
(g) "Fossil fuels have direct polluting impacts on earth's environment causing global warming." What
does the writer want to mean by this sentence?
(h) What elements will never run out and why?
(i) What do you understand by finite energy?
(j)What are non-renewable energy sources and why will they create problems?
(k) What are fossil fuels? What do fossil fuels cause?
(l) Do you support the idea that we should use renewable energy as alternative to fossil fuels in order
to save the environment? Why/Why not? Explain in 2/3 sentences.
(m) How can hydroelectric energy be captured?
(n) How can the sun's heat produce electricity?
(o) What are the problems with non-renewable energy sources?
(p) Why solar energy should be used?
(q) Do you think we should cut down our uses of non-renewable fuels? Why? Why not?
(r) Which resources should we use to produce energy? Why should we use that?
(s) What do you mean by renewable energy sources?
(t) How is electricity produced?
(u) How is hydroelectricity made?
(v) What are the non-renewable sources of energy?
(w) What is the impact of nonrenewable source of energy?
(x) What is the main source of renewable energy?
(y)How can ocean be a source of energy?
(z) How can molten lava be used to produce electricity?
(z1) Which elements do plants need to grow?
(z2) How can solar energy be used?
(z3) What is hydroelectric energy?
(z4) What is bioenergy?
(z5) From your reading of the passage give an elaborate description about 'renewable energy'.
(z6) What are the non-renewable energy sources? What is the anticipation about their availability in
near future?
(z7) Why is solar energy so important?
(z8) Do you support ocean as a source of renewable energy? Why/Why not?
(z9) What does the expression 'Countries of the world rely heavily on petroleum, coal and natural gas
for their energy sources' mean?
(z10) Why do you think that reliance on non-renewable sources of energy will cause great problem?
(z11) How many types of energy sources are there? To which type do wind and solar energy
belong?
(z12) How do you get hydroelectric energy?
(z13) What is geothermal energy and how can it be used?

Extra question with answer

(a) Who are dependent on energy sources and why and what do non-renewable energy sources create
on them?
Answer: The countries of the world are dependent on energy sources because no country can do
anything without it. Reliance on non-renewable energy sources creates big problems.
(b) "Fossil fuels have direct pollution impacts on earth's environment causing global warming." What
does the writer want to mean by this sentence?
Answer: By this sentence, the writer wants to mean that fossil fuels being burnt produce carbon
dioxide which accounts for global warming. Owing to excessive carbon dioxide, the heat coming from
the sun cannot return upwards and consequently, world temperature is rising gradually.
(c) What are the positive aspects of renewable energy?
Answer: Renewable energy sources are constantly and naturally replenished and never run out. They
are not harmful to the environment and they are not as expensive as fossil fuels.
(d) Describes the negative features of non-renewable energy sources.
Answer: Non-renewable energy sources are finite and the world eventually will run out of them. They
will become extremely expensive in the coming decades and too damaging for the environment to
repair.
(e) Do you support the idea that we should use renewable energy as an alternative to fossil fuels in
order to save the environment? Why / Why not? Explain in 2 / 3 sentence. Answer: I completely
support the idea that we should use renewable energy as an alternative to fossil fuels in order to save
the environment. Because owing to excessive use of fossil fuels the concentration of carbon dioxide has
increased greatly and consequently world temperature has risen to a great extent.
(f) From your reading passage of paragraph 1 of the passage, give some idea about renewable energy
sources and non-renewable energy sources.
Answer: Renewable energy sources are those which we get from the sun, sea-wave, wind, earth etc.
They are not harmful to the environment, and they are constantly and naturally replenished and never
run out. On the other hand, non-renewable energy sources are expensive, finite and must be finished.
At the same time, they are destructive to the environment.
(g) What are non-renewable energy sources and why will they create problems?
Answer: Petroleum, coal, natural gas, hydrocarbon and fossils fuels are non-renewable sources of
energy. They will create problems because one time they will run out, they are expensive and they have
also polluting impact on earth's environment.
(h) Where is the renewable energy used?
Answer: Most renewable energy sources come from the sun these can be used for heating and lighting
homes for generating electricity and for other commercial and industrial uses.
(i) Ocean energy comes from several sources. ------ What are they and how can it be used?
Answer: They are the ocean's force of tide and wave and it can be used to produce energy. The surface
of the ocean gets more heat from the sun then the depth of the ocean. This temperature difference can
be used as an energy source.
(j) What elements will never run out? And why?
Answer: Renewable energy sources such as wind and solar energy are constantly and naturally
replenishing and will never run out because it is natural.