QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ

†fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ

একাডেমিক পার্থ
Ávbg~jK I Abyaveb

= †Kv‡bv †fŠZ ivwki wbf©yj cwigvc †c‡Z ivwki mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³ †h _v‡K Zvi AšÍ©MZ mKj ivwki cwigvc
wbf©yj nIqv cÖ‡qvRb| e¨vZ¨q NU‡j cwigvc mwVK n‡e bv| G‡K cwigv‡ci ÎæwU e‡j|

= cixÿvKv‡j †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv ÎæwU d‡j cixÿvaxb ivwki gvb me©`vB wbqwgZfv‡e ivwkwUi cÖK…Z gvb A‡cÿv
Kg ev †ewk n‡Z cv‡i, G‡K wb‡qvwgZ ev cybive„wËK ÎæwU e‡j|

= †Kv‡bv GKwU ivwki cÖK…Z gvb I cwigvcK…Z gv‡bi cv_©K¨‡K cig ÎæwU e‡j|

= avibv n‡jv †Kv‡bv we‡klfv‡e wbw`©ó AvKw¯§K NUbv n‡Z D™¢zZ mvaviY Kíbv| cÖgv‡Yi ev cixÿvi Dci
wbf©ikxj bq Ggb †Lqvjx wPbv A_ev hyw³i Dc‡i ¯’vwcZ bq GgbB gZB avibv|

= †Kv‡bv ch©‡eÿK, NUbv ev ˆeÁvwbK mgm¨vi Rb¨ GKwU m¤¢ve¨ e¨vL¨v hv AviI AbymÜv‡bi gva¨‡g hvPvB
Kiv hvq Zv‡K AbyKí e¨vL¨v e‡j|

= cybtK…Z AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K msM„nxZ WvUv †_‡K AvnwiZ wKQz bxwZ ev †fŠZ I Ab¨vb¨ cÖvK…wZK ˆeÁvwbK
ZË¡ mg~‡ni wfwË ¯’vcb K‡i, Zv‡K ¯^xKvh© e‡j|

= bxwZ n‡”Q wbqg ev AvBb hv Aek¨B ev mvaviYZ †g‡b Pj‡Z nq| GwU B”Qvbyhvqx ‡g‡b Pj‡Z cv‡i ev
†Kv‡bv wKQzi Acwinvh© cwibwZ, †hgb cÖK…wZi wbqg¸‡jv ev GKwU hš¿ wbg©v‡bi †KŠkj|

= †Kv‡bv NUbv e¨vL¨vq cÖ`Ë ˆeÁvwbKfv‡e MÖnY‡hvM¨ me©Rbxb bxwZ ev bxwZmg~‡ni ZË¡ e‡j|

†Kv‡bv GKwU ivwki cÖK…Z gvb I cwigvcK…Z gv‡bi cv_©K¨‡K cig ΓwU e‡j|

¯µzi GKwU m¤ú~Y© N~Y©‡bi Rb¨ ˆiwLK †¯‹j eivei e„ËvKvi †¯‹j hZUzKz m‡i Av‡m (miY) Zv‡K
cxP e‡j|

fvwY©qvi †¯‹j hy³ †Kv‡bv ˆ`N©¨ cwigvcK h‡š¿i g~j †¯‹‡ji ¶z`ªZg GK fv‡Mi Zzjbvq fvwY©qvi
†¯‹‡ji GK fvM hZUzKz ¶z`ªZi, Zv‡K H h‡š¿i Rb¨ fvwY©qvi aª“eK e‡j|

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ

= †Kv‡bv ‰eÁvwbK ZË¡ GKwU mvwe©K wee„wZi gva¨‡g ¯^xKvi K‡i wb‡j Zv‡K ¯^xKvh© e‡j| H ¯^xKvh© ZË¡wUi
GKwU wfwË cÖ`vb K‡i| GB wee„wZ¸‡jv cÖv_wgKfv‡e webv Z‡K© ¯^xKvi K‡i wb‡jI c‡i Zv cixÿvi Øviv
cÖgvwYZ n‡Z nq| †hgb, AvBb÷vB‡bi we‡kl Av‡cwÿK ZË¡ `ywU †gŠwjK ¯^xKv‡h©i Ici cÖwZwôZ|

= cwigvc h‡š¿i bKkv ev `vMv¼b mwVK bv n‡j H hš¿ cwigvc Kiv n‡j cybive„wËK ÎæwU nq| †hgb
GKwU cvi` _v‡g©vwgUv‡ii wfZ‡i ˆKwkK bj mylg n‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ †Kv‡bv GKwU _v‡g©vwgUv‡ii ˆKkj bj
mylg bv n‡j Zv w`‡q wbb©xZ ZvcgvÎv mwVK n‡e bv| G _v‡g©vwgUvi w`‡q GKwU wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎv hZevi
cwigvc Kiv n‡e ZZeviB cÖK…Z ZvcgvÎv †_‡K Zv †ewk ev Kg n‡e|

†h mKj GKK †gŠwjK GKK †_‡K jvf Kiv hvq Zv‡`i‡K jä GKK e‡j| mvZwU †gŠwjK GKK
ev‡` evwK me GKK jä GKK| mgRvZxq ev wfbœ RvZxq GKvwaK †gŠwjK GK‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ jä GKK MwVZ
nq| †hgb, e‡ji GKK wbDUb GKwU jä GKK| GwU wbf©i K‡i wgUvi, wK‡jvMÖvg I †m‡KÛ †gŠwjK
GKK¸wji Ici|

= weÁvbx‡`i Øviv cÖ¯ÍvweZ cixÿvMv‡i cixwÿZ Ges MvwYwZKfv‡e cÖgvwYZ GKwU NUbv‡K hLb mywPwšÍZ
ˆeÁvwbK AvKv‡i cÖKvk nq, ZLb Zv‡K m~Î e‡j| Avi h‡_vchy³ hw³ cÖgvY Dc¯’vcb, cixÿY, ch©‡eÿY,
djvdj we‡køl‡bi Av‡jv‡K hLb GKwU NUbv‡K weÁvbx‡`i mvg‡b Dc¯’vc‡bi Dc‡hvMx K‡i cÖKvk Kiv
nq ZLb Zv‡K ZË¡ e‡j| ZvB ejv hvq m~Î Avi ZË¡ c`v_©weÁv‡b m¤ú~b© wfbœ avibv|

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
†ev‡W© A+ cvIqvi Rb¨

1. eµZvi e¨vmva© wbY©q

প্রশ্নের ধরণঃ-০১
c`v_©weÁvb e¨envwiK cix¶vq cix¶K GKB ai‡bi DËj †j‡Ýi eµZvi e¨vmva© gvcvi Rb¨ `yBRb
cix¶v_©x‡K w`‡jb| wKš‘ Zviv hv‡Z GKR‡bi WvUv Ab¨R‡b †`‡L bv †j‡L j‡¶¨ 705 †ivj bs avix‡K
†QvU AvKv‡ii (cvqvq `~iZ¡ 40mm) Ges 718 †ivj bs avix‡K eo AvKv‡ii (cvqvq `~iZ¡ 60mm)
†ù‡ivwgUvi w`‡jb| Dfq †ù‡ivwgUv‡ii wcP 1mm Ges e„ËvKvi †¯‹‡ji fvMmsL¨v 100| 705 †ivj bs
avix mgZ‡j I †j‡Ýi Dci e„ËvKvi †¯‹‡ji cvV wbj h_vµ‡g 0,15 Ges 2, 95|

প্রশ্নঃ cÖ`Ë †jÝwUi eµZvi e¨vmva© wbY©q Ki|

সমাধানঃ GLv‡b, A
705 †ivj bs avixi †ù‡ivwgUv‡ii cvqvi `~iZ¡, d1 = 40 mm
1 mm
jwNó MYb = 100 = 0.01 mm
†gvU cvV, h1 = ˆiwLK †¯‹j cv‡Vi cv_©K¨ + (e„ËvKvi †¯‹‡ji cv‡Vi e¨eavb) × jwNô MYb
= (2 − 0) + (95 − 15) × 0.01 = 2.8 mm
Avgiv Rvwb,
d12 h1
eµZvi e¨vmva©, R =6h + 2
1
2
40 2.8
= + 2
6  2.8
= 96.638 mm. (Ans.)

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
∆𝒙 ∆𝒚 ∆𝒛
২. ÎæwU msµvšÍ MYbv ( = + )
𝒙 𝒚 𝒛

প্রশ্নের ধরণঃ-০১
mv2
F = r m~‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ †K›`ªgyLx ej wbY©q Ki‡Z m = 3.5kg  100 gm, v = 200 ms−1 
1ms−1, r = 12.5 m  50cm cvIqv †Mj| Ab¨ cix¶vq e¯‘wUi AvqZb cvIqv †Mj B = (100 
3)m3|
প্রশ্নঃ Nb‡Z¡i Av‡cw¶K ΓwU wbY©q K‡iv|
সমাধানঃ
m
Avgiv Rvwb, NbZ¡,  = V
 Nb‡Z¡i Av‡cw¶K †`qv Av‡Q,
ΓwU, f‡ii cÖK…Z gvb, m = 3.5
 m V kg
= m + V
 ΓwU, m = 0.1 kg
0.1 3 AvqZ‡bi cÖK…Z gvb, V =
= 3.5 + 100
100 m3
= 0.0585 (Ans.) ΓwU, V = 3 m3

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ

ভামসথমর্ পার্থ
†fŠZ RM‡Zi cÖK…wZ µg welqe¯‘

†fŠZ RMr gyjZ PviwU Dcv`v‡bi mgš^‡q ˆZwi| cÖ_g `ywU ZvwË¡K nIqvq †fŠZ RMr‡K fi I kw³ Dcw¯’wZ ØvivB eySvb

nq| †fŠZRM‡Zi bvbv wel‡qi we‡kl Áv‡bi Av‡jvPbvB †fŠZ weÁvb| gvbyl Rvb‡Z †c‡i‡Q gvÎ| wek¦ eªþv‡Ûi Rxe m¤c`

Qvov me wKQzB †fŠZ weÁv‡bi `y‡f©`¨ wfZ|

c`v_©weÁv‡bi cwimi

mvaviY c`v_©weÁvb‡K Avevi `yB fv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| m„wZwe`¨v I Pjwe`¨v|c`v‡_©i ag© `yB cÖKvi| †h ag© mKj

c`v‡_©iB Kg-‡ewk| w¯’wZ¯’vcKZv, `„pZv, f•¸iZv, mv›`ªZv, c„ôUvb ev ZjUvb|

c`v_©eÁv‡bi we¯§qKi Ae`vbt

AvaywbK hyM‡K ˆe`¨ywZK hyM ej‡jI AZ¨yw³ nq bv| e¨v‡ivwgUvi, _v‡g©vwgUvi, evqy‡Z Rjxq ev‡®ci cwigvY gvcvi Rb¨

Avgiv nvB‡MÖvwgUvi| wiq¨v±i (reactor)| 10−30 wgUvi, 1030 wgUvi|

aviYv ev cÖZ¨qt

†Kv‡bv wKQz m¤c‡K© mwVK Dcjw× ev ‡evaMg¨Zv n‡jv IB welq m¤c‡K© ¯có aviYv|

myÎt

hLb †Kv‡bv ZË¡ A‡bK cix¶v-wbix¶vi mvnv‡h¨ cÖgvwYZ nq Ges Gi g~j K_v¸wj GKwU Dw³i gva¨‡g cÖKvk Kiv nq

ZLb Zv‡K ˆeÁvwbK m~Î ejv nq|

bxwZt

†h mKj cÖvK…wZK mZ¨ mivmwi ¯cófv‡e cÖgvY Kiv hvq Ges IB m‡Z¨i mvnv‡h¨ A‡bK cÖvK…wZK NUbv‡K cÖgvY Kiv

hvq, †K bxwZ e‡j|

¯^xKvh©t

†Kv‡bv MvwYwZK g‡Wj ev m~Î cÖwZôv Kivi j‡¶¨ hw` wKQz c~e©kZ© ¯^xKvi K‡i †bIqv nq,Z‡e IB c~e©kZ©mgn~‡K ¯^xKvh©

e‡j| cigvYy g‡Wj `ywU ¯^xKvh© MÖnY, AvBb÷vBb Av‡cw¶KZvi we‡kl ZË¡, `ywU †gŠwjK ¯^xKv‡h©i |

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
AbyKít

weÁvbxiv Zvu‡`I ch©‡ew¶Z NUbvi KviY m¤^‡Ü e¨vL¨v cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ A‡bK mgq c~‡e© Avwe®‹…Z cÖvK…wZK wbq‡gi mv‡_

mvgÄm¨ †i‡L wKQz Abygvb K‡ib| GB Abygvb¸‡jv‡K ejv nq AbyKí| A¨v‡fv‡M‡Wªvi AbyKí|

ZË¡t

cix¶v-wbix¶vi Øviv cÖgvwYZ AbyKí‡K ZË¡ e‡j| mKj myÎB ZË¡, Z‡e mKj ZË¡ m~Î bq| mKj ZË¡B AbyKí, Z‡e

mKj AbyKí ZË¡ bq|

c`v_©weÁvb I Ab¨vb weÁvb I Áv‡bi RMrt

X-Ray Gi e¨envi wbDwK¬K Gwm‡Wi MVb Rvb‡Z| †iwWI †Uwj‡¯‹v‡ci e¨envi Quasars Ges Pulsars| d¨viv‡W,

Zwo”Pz¤^Kxq Av‡ek, f‚ZvwË¡K Rwic, †Z‡ji Lwb| wPivwqZ ejwe`¨v wbDUbxq ejwe`¨v bv‡g cwiwPZ|

c`v_©weÁv‡b ¯’vb,mgq I fit wPivwqZ ejwe`¨v wbDUbxq ejwe`¨v bv‡g cwiwPZ| cig ivwk|

AvaywbK aviYvt

wPivqZ ejwe`¨vi †gŠwjK ivwk wZbwU MwZi mv‡_ cwieZ©b nq| ivwk wZbwU cig bq|

¯’vbt †Kv‡bv e¯‘i MwZkxj Ae¯’vi ˆ`N¨© IB e¯‘i w¯’i Ae¯’vi ˆ`†N¨©i †P‡q †QvU nIqv‡K ˆ`N¨© ms‡KvPb|

mgq ev Kvjt

†Kv‡bv Ro ev w¯’i KvVv‡gv‡Z msNwUZ NUbv D³ KvVv‡gv mv‡c‡¶ MwZkxj Ab¨ †Kv‡bv KvVv‡gv †_‡K j¶ Ki‡j †`Lv

hv‡e NUbvi mgq e¨eavb e„w× †c‡q‡Q| G welqwU‡K Kvj `xN©vqb ev mgq cÖmviY e‡j|

fit e¯‘ MwZkxj n‡j Gi fi e„w× cvq| GB NUbv‡K f‡ii Av‡cw¶KZv ev MwZRwbZ fi e„w× e‡j|

†gŠwjK ev cÖv_wgK I jä GKKt

†h GKK Ab¨ †Kv‡bv GK†Ki Ici wbf©i K‡i bv Ges G‡Kev‡i m¤cK©k~b¨ ev ¯^vaxb Zv‡K †gŠwjK ev cÖv_wgK GKK

e‡j| GB wZbwU‡K wfwË K‡i †h GKK MVb Kiv nq ev †gŠwjK GKK n‡Z †h GKK cvIqv hvq Zv‡K jä ev †hŠwMK GKK

e‡j| wZbwU| k~b¨ gva¨‡g Av‡jvK GK eQ‡i †h `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i Zv‡K GK Av‡jvKel© e‡j| Av‡jvKel© n‡jv cÖv_wgK

GKK|

GKK †jLvi cÏwZt

GK GKeP‡b wjL‡Z n‡e, GK‡Ki †k‡l dzj÷c †`qv hv‡e bv, Wv‡b ev ev‡g GK‡Î wZbwU K‡i msL¨v wjL‡Z n‡e|

GK‡Ki c×wZt

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
†mw›UwgUvi - MÖvg - †m‡KÛ c×wZ ev †gwUªK c×wZ ev †d«Â c×wZ (C.G.S) †mw›UwgUvi - ˆ`‡N¨©i GKK, MÖvg- f‡ii

GKK, †m‡KÛ - mg‡qi GKK| wgUvi-wK‡jvMÖvg-‡m‡KÛ c×wZ (M.K.S) wgUvi - ˆ`‡N¨©i GKK, wK‡jvMÖvg - f‡ii GKK,

†m‡KÛ - mg‡qi GKK| AvšÍR©vwZK c×wZi GKK ev Gm. AvB. GKK (S.I. Units) A¨vw¤cqvi, †iwWqvb, †÷wiwWqvb,

K¨v‡Ûjv, †gvj, wbDUb, Ryj, IqvU, Kzj¤^, I’g, †fvë, nvR©| M.K.S.A

†gŠjK GKKmg~n, G¸‡jvi MwYZK I Dc¸wYZKt

90 fvM cøvwUbvg I 10 fvM BwiwWqv‡gi msKi wbwg©Z `‡Ûi| 1 G¨v÷ª‡bvwgK¨vj BDwbU (AU) =

9.289 × 107 gvBj, 1 Av‡jvKel© (ly) = 5.865 × 1012 gvBj, 1 cvi‡mK (pc) = 3.26 Av‡jvKel©|

†gŠwjK I jä GK‡Ki gvÎv I gvÎv mgxKiYt

gvÎvt †Kv‡bv GKwU ivwk Ges Zvi †gŠwjK GK‡Ki g‡a¨ m¤cK© ¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ †h ms‡KZ e¨envi Kiv nq| Zv‡K D³

ivwki gvÎv e‡j| †Kv‡bv jÜ GKK MVb Ki‡Z †gŠwjK GKK¸‡jv‡K †h Nv‡Z DbœxZ Kiv nq, †m NvZ‡K IB j¤^ GK‡Ki gvÎv

e‡j|

gvÎv mgxKiYt

†h mgxKiY †gŠwjK GKK Ges jä GK‡Ki g‡a¨ m¤cK© ¯’vcb K‡i Zv‡K gvÎv mgxKiY e‡j|

[𝑀𝐿−3 𝐴−1 ] , [𝑀𝐿2 𝑇 −1 ], 𝐿𝑇 −2, 𝐹𝐿−1 𝑇 2 ,

gvÎv mwgKi‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxqZvt

mggvwÎK bxwZt

†Kv‡bv mwVK m¤cK© ev mgxKi‡Yi `ywU w`‡Ki gvÎv me mgq Awfbœ n‡e| GwUB mggvwÎK bxwZ|

mgZwjK †KvY GKwU gvÎvnxb ivwk|

†fŠZ ivwki gvb GK GKK c×wZ n‡Z Ab¨ GKK c×wZ‡Z iƒcvšÍit 1 𝑁𝑒𝑤𝑡𝑜𝑛 = 105 𝑑𝑦𝑛𝑒|

cwigv‡ci g~jbxwZt ivwki gvc = msL¨v × GKK| GwUB n‡jv cwigv‡ci g~jbxwZ|

AvwK©wgwWmt

wLª. c~. Z…Zxq kZ‡K AvwK©wgwWm (Archimedes) wjfv‡ii bxwZ

I D`w¯’wZwe`¨vi m~Î Avwe®‹vi K‡ib|

M¨vwjwjIt

1610 wLª÷v‡ã wZwb be Avwe®‹…Z `~iex¶Y hš¿ (Telescope) e¨envi K‡i

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
e„n¯cwZ MÖ‡ni 8wU DcMÖn Avwe®‹vi K‡ib| wZwb m„wZwe`¨vi (Kinematics)

wfwË ¯’vcb K‡ib|

wbDUbt

cÂ`k kZvãx†Z †R¨vwZwe©` †KvcviwbKvm ‘m~h©‡Kw›`ªK’ ZË¡ †`b| cÂ`k kZvãx‡Z

†Kcjvi MÖn-b¶‡Îi MwZc‡_i wewfbœ DcvË we‡kølYK‡i w¯’i wm×v‡šÍ DcbxZ nb

†h, MÖn¸‡jvi MwZc_ e„ËvKvi bq, Dce„ËvKvi| MÖncy‡Äi MwZi g‡a¨ †Kcjvi

wKQz wbqgbxwZ Lyu‡R cvb Ges GB wbqgbxwZ¸‡jv‡K wZbwU m~‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ cÖKvk K‡ib| G¸‡jv †Kcjv‡ii m~Î bv‡g

cwiwPZ| wZwb Av‡jvi KwYKv Z‡Ë¡i cÖe³v|

Ugvm Bqst

WvP weÁvbx nvB‡Mbm (Huygens) 1678 wLª÷v‡ã Av‡jvi Zi½ ZË¡ cÖ`vb

K‡ib| 1801 wLª÷v‡ã wZwb Av‡jv‡Ki e¨wZPvi Avwe®‹vi K‡ib| Bqs- cix¶v|

gvbe †Pv‡Li wewfbœ Av‡jvi ms‡e`bkxjZv m¤^‡Ü wZwb me©cÖ_g e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb K‡ib|

gvB‡Kj d¨viv‡Wt

1845 wLª÷v‡ã wZwb Avwe®‹vi K‡ib †h GKwU cÖej †PŠ¤^K †¶‡Îi cÖfv‡e mgeZ©b

Z‡j Ny‡i hvq| G NUbv d¨viv‡W wµqv bv‡g cwiwPZ| d¨viv‡W Zwor Pz¤^Kxq

Av‡ek Ges Av‡cw¶K Av‡ewkK aviKZ¡ Avwe®‹v†ii Rb¨ Agi n‡q Av‡Qb|

AvjevU© AvBb÷vBbt

wZwb eªvEbxq MwZ, Av‡jvK Zwor wµqv, Av‡cw¶KZvi we‡kl ZË¡ Ges kw³ I

RoZvi m~Î BZ¨vw` RMr weL¨vZ m~‡Îi Avwe®‹viK| 23 eQi ZLb wZwb Av‡cw¶KZvi

we‡kl ZË¡ cÖKvk K‡ib| 1905 wLª÷v‡ã Av‡jvK Zwor wµqvi e¨vL¨vi Rb¨

AvBb÷vBb cøv‡¼i †Kvqv›Uvg ZË¡ cÖ‡qvM K‡ib| †Kvqv›Uvg ZË¡ Abymv‡i †h

†Kv‡bv wewKiY AmsL¨ †dvU‡bi mgwó A_©vr wewKiY †dvU‡bi GKwU SvuK ev Sibv| AvBb÷vB‡bi fwel¨ØvYxi Ici wfwË

K‡i GKk eQi ci 2016 mv‡j 11B †deªæqvwi GK`j weÁvbx (𝐿𝑆𝐶) gnvKl©xq Zi½ mivmwi kbv³ Ki‡Z m¶g nb|

g¨v· cøv¼t

cÖwZwU kw³KYv ev kw³ ¸”Q GK GKwU AwefvR¨ GKK| wZwb kw³i G ¶z`ª ¸‡”Qi

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
bvg †`b †Kvqv›Uv(𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑎)| cÖwZwU †Kvqv›Uvi kw³ wewKiY K¤cv‡¼i mgvbycvwZK|

GB kw³ †Kvq v›Uv cieZ©x‡Z †dvUb wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ jvf K‡i|

cwigv‡ci fzj ev ÎæwUt

hvwš¿KÎæwUt †fŠZ ivwk cwigv‡c †h mg¯Í hš¿ e¨envi Kiv nq, †m¸‡jv mwVK Ges my‡e`x bv n‡j cwigv‡ci ÎæwU †`Lv

†`q| G‡K hvwš¿K ÎæwU e‡j| k~b¨ ÎæwU(Zero error), wcQU ÎæwU( backlash error) I †j‡fj ÎæwU(level error)|

k~b¨ ÎæwUt cÖavb †¯‹‡ji ‘0’ `vM fvwb©qvi ev e„ËvKvi †¯‹‡ji ‘0’ `v‡Mi mv‡_ bv wg‡j hw` Av‡M ev wcQ‡b _v‡K, Z‡e

G†K k~b¨ ÎæwU e‡j|

wcQUÎæwUt bvU-¯Œy bxwZi Dci wfwË K‡i †h mKj hš¿ ˆZwi †mme h‡š¿ GB ÎæwU cwijw¶Z nq|

†j‡fj ÎæwUt †j‡fwjs ¯Œy Ges w¯cwiU †j‡f‡ji mvnv‡h¨ †j‡fwjs K‡i wb‡Z nq|

ch©‡e¶Yg~jK ev e¨vw³MZ ÎæwUt e¨w³MZ ÎæwU, cÖvšÍ `vM ÎæwU, j¤^b ÎæwU, m~PK ÎæwU, cwi‡ekMZ ÎæwU|

cigÎæwUt †Kv‡bv GKwU ivwki cÖK…Z gvb I cwigvcK…Z gv‡bi cv_©K¨‡K cig ÎæwU e‡j|

Zvrch©c~Y© A¼msL¨vt GKwU †fŠZ ivwk‡K cwigvc K‡i cÖvß gv‡b hZ¸wj A¼msL¨v ch©šÍ m¤c~Y©iƒ‡c wbwðZ nIqv hvq

Zvi cieZ©x A¼ ch©šÍ A¼¸‡jv‡K Zvrch©c~Y© A¼msL¨v e‡j|

¯Œy †MRt

¯ŒywU Ggbfv‡e ˆZwi Kiv nq †hb Gi GKwU c~Y© AveZ©‡b GwU ˆiwLK †dj eivei 1 mm m‡i hvq| G‡KB ¯Œy wcP

(screw pitch) ejv nq| ¯Œy †M‡Ri mvnv‡h¨ 0.001 cm ch©šÍ ¶z`ª ˆ`N¨© mwVKfv‡e cwigvc Kiv hvq|

eûwbe©vPbx cÖ‡kœi Dˇii Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq welqvewji mvi-ms‡¶ct

4
1. AbywgwZi Ici wfwË K‡i ZË¡ M‡o I‡V| 𝑉 = 3 𝜋𝑟 3 mgxKi‡Y 𝑟 Gi gvb cwigv‡c 2%ÎæwU _vK‡j V cwigv‡c ÎæwU

n‡e 6%|

2. Av‡jvKel© > cvi‡mK > †gMwgUvi > G¨vs÷ªg|

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
3. 1704 mv‡j AcwUKm bv‡g †h eBwU cÖKvwkZ nq Zvi †jLK wQ‡jb wbDUb|
22
4. 𝜋 = wbY©q K‡ib(fv¯‹ivPvh©)|
7

𝑑2 ℎ
5. †Mvjxq Z‡j eµZvi e¨vmv‡a©i mgxKiY n‡jv 𝑅 = 6ℎ + 2

6. cig ÎæwU = cÖK…Z gvb -cwigvc¨ gvb|

7. ‘g’ wbY©‡q _vgv Nwoi mvnv‡h¨ | T wbY©q I †¯‹‡ji mvnv‡h¨ wbY©‡q GB ÎæwU †`Lv †`q|

8. N, J, W, K Gi g‡a¨ K n‡jv †gŠwjK GKK|

TYPE- 1 : †gŠwjK ivwk, jäivwk

 ¯’v‡bi R¨vwgwZK aviYv cÖ_g Dc¯’vcb K‡i MwYZwe` BDwK¬W |
 †h mKj ivwk g~j A_©vr ¯^vaxb ev wbi‡cÿ, †h¸‡jv Ab¨ ivwki Dci wbf©i K‡i bv eis Ab¨vb¨ ivwk G‡`i Dci wbf©i
K‡i Zv‡`i‡K †gŠwjK ivwk e‡j|
 Ab¨ mKj ivwk †gŠwjK ivwk †_‡K jvf Kiv hvq ev GK ev GKvwaK ivwki ¸Ydj ev fvMdj †_‡K cÖwZcv`b Kiv hvq|
G‡`i‡K ejv nq jäivwk ev †hŠwMK ivwk|
 †h mKj GKK ¯^vaxb ev wbi‡cÿ, †h¸‡jv Ab¨ GK‡Ki Dci wbf©i K‡i bv eis Ab¨vb¨ GKK G‡`i Dci wbf©i K‡i
Zv‡`i‡K †gŠwjK GKK e‡j|
 †gŠwjK ivwk 7wU| h_v: 1| ˆ`N©¨ (m); 2| fi (kg); 3| mgq (s); 4| ZvcgvÎv (K); 5| Zwor cÖevn (A); 6| `xcb
ZxeªZv (cd); 7| c`v‡_©i cwigvb (mol)|
MCQ:
1. ej I kw³i gvÎvh_vµ‡g-
a.LT2GesMLT2 b.MLT– 6. ‡KvbwU †gŠwjKivwkbq?
2
GesML2T–2 a.Zworwefe b.ZvcgvÎv
c. LT2GesML2T2 d. MLT2GesML– c. `xcbZxeªZv d.c`v‡_©icwigvY
2 –2
T 7. weªwUkBwÄwbqvwisc×wZ‡Z †gŠwjKivwkej, ˆ`N¨©
2. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †gŠwjK GKK? Gesmgq‡Kh_vµ‡g F, LGesTgvÎvaiv nq,
a.N b. K Zvn‡jf‡iigvÎv †KvbwU?
c. J d. W a.FL–1T2 b. FL–1T–1
3. ZvcgvÎviGm.AvB GKK †KvbwU? c. FLT–1 d. FL–1T2
a. wWwMÖdv‡ibnvBU b. †Kjwfb
c.wWwMÖ †mjwmqvm d. wWwMÖ †Kjwfb 8. S.Tc×wZ‡Zf‡ii GKK Kx?
4. wc‡Kv (p) †KvbwU? a.gb b. †mi
12 9
a.10 b. 10 c. †KwR d.cvDÛ
c. 10–9 d. 10–12 wb‡Pi Z‡_¨iAv‡jv‡K cÖ‡kœiDËi `vI
5. wb‡¤œ j¤^ ivwk †KvbwU? AvUwU †gŠwjK GKK n‡jvwgUvi (m), wK‡jvMÖvg (kg),
a.ZworcÖevn b.ZvcMZxqZvcgvÎv †m‡KÛ (s), †Kjwfb (K),A¨vw¤úqvi
c.ZworPvR© d.c`v‡_©icwigvY

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
(A),K¨v‡Ûjv (Cd), ‡iwWqvb (rad)Ges c. `xcbZxeªZv d.c`v‡_©icwigvY
†gvjmole| 17. Ryj Kx ai‡bi GKK?
a.RwUj b.KwíZ
9. ‡iwWqvbKvi GKK? c.jä d. ‡gŠwjK
a.Av‡jvi `xwß b.†KvY 18. wc‡Kv (p) †KvbwU?
c.ZvcgvÎv d.PvR© a.1012 b. 109
c. 10–9 d. 10–12
10. ‡gŠwjKivwkn‡jv-
19. 1gvB‡µvbmgvb KZ wgUvi?
i) ˆ`N¨© I ZvcgvÎv ii) mgq I ÿgZv
a.10–4m b. 10–5m
iii) ZworcÖevn I `xcbÿgZv
c. 10–6m d. 10–8m
wb‡Pi †KvbwUmwVK?
20. 1gvBj I 1wK‡jvwgUvi `~i‡Z¡icv_©K¨ wgUv‡i KZ
a. i I ii b. ii I iii n‡e?
c. i I iii d. i, ii I iii
a.0.609g b. 6.09g
11. 1 †dg‡UvwgUvi = KZ?
c. 60.9g d. 609g
a.10–15wgUvi b. 10–12wgUvi 21. e‡jie¨envwiK GKK wbDUb| G‡K †gŠwjK †_‡K
c. 1012wgUvi d.1015wgUvi j¤^ GK‡K cwiYZKi‡j Kx n‡e?
12. ZvcgvÎviGm.AvB GKK †KvbwU? a.kg.ms–1 b.Ams–2
a. wWwMÖdv‡ibnvBU b. †Kjwfb c.kg.m d. kg.ms–2
c.wWwMÖ †mjwmqvm d. wWwMÖ †Kjwfb 22. Gm-AvBc×wZ‡Zc`v‡_©icwigv‡Yi GKK Kx?
13. wb‡Pi †Kvbivwki GKK cvDÛvjdzU? a.kg b. A
a. fi b. fvi c. mole d. g
c. KvR d.ÿgZv
14. Av‡jvK el© wK‡mi GKK? 23. `xcbZxeªZvi GKK †KvbwU?
a.mgq b. `~iZ¡ a.jy‡gb b.K¨v‡Ûjv
c. ‡eM d. kw³ c.Wvqv÷vi d.IqvU/eM©wgUvi
15. Kv‡RigvÎv- 24. wmwRGm GK‡K w÷‡dbaªæe‡KigvbGm.AvB.
a.MT –2
b. ML T 2 –2 GK‡K msL¨vgvbA‡cÿv KZ¸Y †ewk?
c. ML2T2 d. ML–2T2 a.10 b. 100
16. ‡KvbwU †gŠwjKivwkbq? c. 1000 d. 10000
a.Zworwefe b.ZvcgvÎv

TYPE-2 : Avwe®‹vi
❑ wewfbœ weÁvbxi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Avwe®‹vi:
 AvwK©wgwWm (287-212)
 wZwb Zij c`v‡_© wbgw¾Z †Kv‡bv e¯‘i Dci wµqvkxj EaŸ©gyLx e‡ji m~Î Avwe®‹vi K‡i avZzi †fRvj wbY©q Ki‡Z mÿg
nq| wZwb wjfv‡ii bxwZ Avwe®‹vi K‡ib| G Qvov wZwb †Mvjxq `c©‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ m~h©iwk¥ †K›`ªxf‚Z K‡i Av¸b R¡vjv‡bvi
†KŠkj Rvb‡Zb|

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
 M¨vwjwjI (1564-1642)
 wZwb Av‡cwÿK ¸iæZ¡ gvcvi Rb¨ nvB‡Wªv÷¨vwUK e¨v‡jÝ ev D`w¯’wZ wbw³ Avwe®‹vi K‡ib|
 1610 mv‡j wZwbB cÖ_g †R¨vwZwe`¨v welqK †Uwj‡¯‹vc Avwe¯‹vi K‡ib|
 M¨vwjwjI miY, MwZ, Z¡iY, mgq BZ¨vw`i msÁv cÖ`vb I G‡`i g‡a¨ m¤úK© wba©viY K‡ib|
 wZwb cošÍ e¯‘i cZ‡bi m~Î Avwe®‹vi K‡bi|
 wZwb ¯§„wZwe`¨vi wfwË ¯’vcb K‡ib|
 AvBR¨vK wbDUb (1642-1727)
 wZwb MwY‡Z K¨vjKzjv‡mi cÖeZ©b K‡ib Ges wbDU‡bi MwZm~Îmg~n m~ÎvwqZ K‡ib| wZwb ejwe`¨vi Avwe®‹viK|
 wZwb †j‡Ýi m~Î cÖeZ©b K‡ib Ges cÖwZdjK †Uwj‡¯‹vc Avwe®‹vi K‡ib|
 Ugvm Bqvs (1773-1829)
 Ugvm Bqvs weªwUk wPwKrmK I c`v_©weÁvbx|
 wZwb ÔAv‡jvi Zi½ ZË¡Õ cÖwZôvi I Av‡jvi e¨wZPv‡ii NUbv e¨vL¨vi Rb¨ me‡P‡q †ewk cwiwPwZ jvf K‡ib|
 gvB‡Kj d¨viv‡W (1791-1867)
 wZwb ZvwoZ †PŠ¤^K Av‡e‡ki Avwe®‹viK|
 Zvi Avwe®‹…Z ZvwoZ †PŠ¤^K Av‡ek-Gi Dci wfwË K‡i Zwor †gvUi I Zwor †Rbv‡iUi ˆZwi n‡q‡Q|
 wZwb Zwor we‡køl‡Yi m~ÎI Avwe®‹vi K‡ib|
 Av‡b©÷ iv`vi‡dvW© (1871-1937)
 wZwb I †d«wWªK †mvwW Avjdv KYv, weUv KYv I Mvgv iwk¥ Avwe®‹vi K‡ib|
 cigvYyi Af¨šÍixY MVb m¤ú‡K© cÖ_g wbfz©j eY©bv †`b iv`vi‡dvW©|
 wbDwK¬qv‡mi e¨vmva© 10–15m ch©v‡qi|
 g¨v· cø¨v¼ (1858-1947)
 †Kvqv›Uvg ZË¡ Avwe®‹v‡ii gva¨‡g c`v_©weÁvb RM‡Z wecøe Av‡bb|
 A¨vjevU© AvBb÷vBb (1879-1955)
 eªvDbxq MwZ, Av‡jvK Zwor wµqv, Av‡cwÿKZvi we‡klZË¡ Ges kw³ I RoZv|
 †ù‡ivwgUvi h‡š¿i mvnv‡h¨ Kv‡Pi ev Ab¨vb¨ cvZjv cv‡Zi cyiæZ¡ Ges †Mvjxq Z‡ji eµZvi e¨vmva© gvcv nq|
MCQ:
25. mejwbDwK¬qejDrcbœ nq †KvbKYviØviv? a.iÄb b.Kv÷
a.wcÖqb b. †RW c. Bb‡_v‡Wb d.wc‡q‡iKzix
c.MÖvwfUb d.Møyqb (‡gmb) 30. Av‡jvKZworwµqvAvwe®‹vi K‡ib †KvbweÁvbx?
26. Av‡cwÿK ZË¡ Abymv‡iwb‡Pi †KvbwUaªæe? a.g¨v· cø¨v¼ b.AvjevU©
a. ‰`N¨© b.mgq AvBb÷vBb
c. fi d.gnvKlx©qaªæeK c.AvBR¨vKwbDUb d.nvB‡Mb
31. fv¯‹ivPvh©-
27. Òfi I kw³ mgZzj¨Ó †KvbweÁvbxiAwfgZ? i)  Gi gvb 27 ØvivcÖKvkK‡ib
a.wbDUb b.M¨vwjwjI 7
ii) wQ‡jb me©‡kÖôcvwK¯ÍvwbweÁvbx
c.AvBb÷vBb d.d¨vivW
iii) me©cÖ_gmwVKfv‡ec„w_exie¨vm †eiK‡ib
28. ‡Kv‡bv e¯‘ n‡Z kw³i wewKiYwbiwe”Qbœfv‡e N‡U
wb‡Pi †KvbwUmwVK?
bv- GB Z‡Ë¡i cÖe³v †K?
a.i I ii b.ii I iii
a.jW© iv`vi‡dvW© b.AvjevU© AvBb÷vB
c.i I iii d.i, ii I iii
c.g¨v· cø¨v¼ d.gvB‡Kjd¨viv‡W
32. e¨vUvwiAvwe®‹vi K‡ib †K?
29. E.C.GAvwe®‹vi K‡ib †K?
a. _gmb b.M¨vwjwjI

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
c.d¨viv‡W d. †fvëv 41. ÿz`ªkw³ ¸‡”QibvgKiY †Kvqv›UvgK‡ib
33. cigvYywelqKwbDwK¬q ZË¡ †K cÖ`vbK‡ib? †KvbweÁvbx?
a.iv`vi‡dvW© b.g¨v· cø¨v¼ a.iv`vi‡dvW© b. cø¨v¼
c.nvej d.bxjm †evi c.AvBb÷vBb d.g¨v·I‡qj
34. wbKUeZx© Qvqvc_ G‡Ûªvwgqv KZ Av‡jvKel© 42. ‡KvbweÁvbxK¨vjKzjvmAvwe®‹vi K‡ib?
`~‡iAew¯’Z? a.AvBb÷vBb b.M¨vwjwjI
a.10jÿ b. 20jÿ c.UgvmBqs d.wbDUb
c. 15jÿ d. 25jÿ 43. ZworPz¤^Kxq Zi½ ZË¡ Avwe®‹vi K‡ib-
35. Av‡jvm¤úwK©Z me©‡kl gZev` †KvbwU? a.iv`vi‡dvW© b.wbDUb
a.KYv b. Zi½ c.gvB‡Kjd¨viv‡W d.AvBb÷vBb
c. †Kvqv›Uvg d.ZvwoZ †PŠ¤^K 44. wb¤œwjwLZ †KvbweÁvbx
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨iAv‡jv‡K cÖ‡kœiDËi `vI †Kvqv›UvgZ‡Ë¡iaviYv‡Km¤úªmvwiZK‡ib?
weÁv‡bihvÎvïiæ nq cÖvPxb GK RvwZiØviv G RvwZ a.gvB‡Kjd¨viv‡W
Rb¥ †`q K‡qKRbgnvweÁvbxi| b.AvjevU©AvBb÷vB
hv‡`invZa‡iweÁv‡biAb¨vb¨ kv‡¯¿ig‡Zv b
†fŠZweÁvbweKvkjvfK‡i| †R¨wZwe©Ávb m¤^‡Ü
c.g¨v· cø¨v¼ d.wbDUb
Zv‡`iÁvbPPv© wQjA‡bK mg„×|
45. cigvYyiaviYvme©cÖ_g †K cÖ`vbK‡ib?
36. DÏxc‡K ‡KvbRvwZiK_vejvn‡q‡Q?
a.wbDUb b.Wvëb
a. ‡ivgvb b.wMÖK
c. †W‡gvwµUvm d.AvwK©wgwWm
c.divmx d.WvP&
46. Av‡jvi ˆØZ ag© Avwe®‹vi K‡ib-
37. D³ RvwZiAe`vb
a.AvjevU© AvBb÷vBb b.g¨v· cø¨v¼
i) R¨vwgwZimvnv‡h¨ wcivwg‡WiD”PZvcwigvc
c.AvBRvKwbDUb d. _gvmBqs
ii) wjfv‡iiKvh©bxwZ I Dcw¯’wZwe`¨vi m~ÎAvwe®‹vi
47. GKwUKzÛjx‡ZZv‡iig‡a¨ AwZ `ªæZGKwUPz¤^K `Û
iii) cigvYym¤ú‡K© aviYv †cvlY
cÖ‡ekKiv‡jZv‡ii †fZiw`‡qwe`y¨rcÖevnPj‡Z
wb‡Pi †KvbwUmwVK?
_v‡K| G NUbvwUiAvwe®‹viKn‡jb-
a.i I ii b.ii I iii
i)gvB‡Kjd¨viv‡W ii) †Rv‡mdj †nbix
c.i I iii d.i, ii I iii
iii) Iqvbvi †fvbwm‡gb
38. ‡Kvqv›UvgZ‡Ë¡iRbK †K?
wb‡Pi †KvbwUmwVK?
a.AvBb÷vBb b.bxjm †evi
a.i I iii b.i I ii
c.g¨v· cø¨vsK d.iv`vi‡dvW
c.i d.i, ii I iii
39. ‡Kvqv›Uvg ZË¡ Avwe®‹vi K‡ib †KvbweÁvbx?
48. cigvYyiwbDwK¬qvm †K Avwe®‹vi K‡ib?
a.UgvmBqs b.Av‡b©÷ iv`vi‡dvW©
a. ‡evi b. _gmb
c.g¨v· cø¨v¼
c.iv`vi‡dvW© d.g¨v·I‡qj
d.AvjevU©AvBb÷vB
b 49. m~h©‡Kw›`ªK †mŠiRM‡ZiaviYvme©cÖ_g †K
40. me©cÖ_gk‡ãi †eMwbY©qK‡ib †K? cÖ`vbK‡ib?

a.AvBb÷vBb b.g¨v· cøv¼ a. ‡KvcvwbKvm b.M¨vwjwjI

c.M¨vwjwjI d.AvBR¨vKwbDUb c. †Kcjvi d.UvB‡Kveªv‡n

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ

TYPE-3: bxwZ , m~Î , ¯^xKvh© ,ZË¡

50. cigvYyiwbDwK¬qvm †K Avwe®‹vi K‡ib? 56. mvaviYfv‡e †Kv‡bvwbw`©ó k‡Z© me mgq Kx

a. ‡evi b. _gmb NU‡eZveY©bv‡K Kx e‡j?
c.iv`vi‡dvW© d.g¨v·I‡qj a.bxwZ b.m~Î
51. Zi‡ji wbgw¾Z †Kv‡bv c.aviYv d.AbyKí
e¯‘iAvqZbZviØvivAcmvwiZZi‡jiAvqZ‡bimgv 57. ¯^Zwm× ev ¯^xKvh© Kx?
b, GUvwK? a.MvwYwZK hyw³ b. †Kv‡bvaviYvev ZË¡
a.m~Î b. ZË¡ c. ˆeÁvwbKcixÿvqcÖgvwYZ
c.bxwZ d.AbyKí d.cixÿ‡Yimvi-ms‡ÿc
52. c`v_©weÁv‡baviYv, m~Î, bxwZ, ¯^xKvh©, vbyKí I ZË¡ 58. AbywgwZigva¨‡g †h †hŠw³K e¨vL¨v †ewi‡qAv‡m,
mKjB G‡K A‡b¨i mv‡_ RwoZ| Zvi Rb¨- Zv‡KwKe‡j?
i)aviYvm‡Z¨iKvíwbKQvuPAvuPK‡i a.AbyKí b.m~Î
ii) m~ÎaviYv¸‡jvig‡a¨ †mZzeÜbM‡o †Zv‡j c. ZË¡ d.bxwZ
iii) cwigvc‡hvM¨ †h ivwkevivwkgvjv hyw³i mgš^‡q 59. wbDUwbqvbejwe`¨v Abymv‡i ¯’vb, Kvj I fi
MwVZ nq Zv‡KBAbyKíe‡j wKiƒc?
wb‡Pi †KvbwUmwVK? a.Amxg b. cig
a.i I ii b.ii I iii c.Av‡cwÿK d.Aw¯ÍZ¡nxb
c.i I iii d.i, ii I iii 60. aviYviga¨ †_‡K †h ‡hŠw³K KvVv‡gv ˆZwi nq
53. Avgv‡`icÂBw›`ªq cvwicvwk¦©K ch©‡eÿY I Zv‡Ke‡j?
DcjwäiAbyf‡egw¯Í‡®‹ †h
a.bxwZ b. ¯^xKvh©
m‡Z¨iKvíwbKQvuPAvuPK‡iZv‡K Kx e‡j?
c. ZË¡ d.m~Î
a.aviYv b. ¯^xKvh© 61. c`v_©weÁv‡biAvaywbKaviYvn‡Z-
c.bxwZ d.m~Î
i)mgq cig ivwk
54. c`v_©weÁv‡biwfwË Kx?
ii) MwZkxjmgq †e‡ohvq
a.aviYv b.m~Î
iii) wbðjmgq Kg nq
c.bxwZ d. ZË wb‡Pi †KvbwUmwVK?
55. ‡Kv‡bvwKQzm¤ú‡K© mvwe©KDcjwäev †evaMg¨Zv‡K
a.i I ii b.ii I iii
Kx e‡j?
c.i I iii d.i, ii I iii
a.aviYv b.m~Î
c.bxwZ d. ZË¡

TYPE-4: c`v_©weÁvb Gi mv‡_

wewfbœ kvLvi m¤cK

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
62. wb‡Pi †KvbwU c`v_©weÁv‡bi mv‡_ 63. wb‡Pi †KvbwelqwU c`v_©weÁv‡bi mv‡_
IZ‡cÖvZfv‡eRwoZ? © IZ‡cÖvZfv‡eRwoZ?
a. ‡Ljvayjv b.MwYZ a. ‡Ljvayjv b.MwYZ
c. `k©b d. mvwnZ¨ c. `k©b d.mvwnZ¨ I ms¯‹…wZ

TYPE-5: kZKivÎæwU

64. GKwUeµZ‡jie¨vmva© wbY©‡qi Rb¨ e¨enviKiv nq- 1.234 †m.wg. e¨vmwewkóGKwUej †d¬vi †_‡K
i) ¯Œz MR 35.1 DuPz †Uwe‡jiDciivLvAv‡Q| †UwejwUiDci
c„‡ôi ˆ`N¨© I cÖ¯’ h_vµ‡g 1.11 wgGes 0.33wg|
ii) †ù‡ivwgUvi
iii) ¯øvBWK¨vwjcvm©
69. ‡d¬vi †_‡K ejwUikxl© we›`yiD”PZvZvrch©c~Y© A‡½
wb‡Pi †KvbwUmwVK?
a. 36.334 ‡m.wg b. 36.3 †m.wg
a.i b.ii
c. 36.33 †m.wg. d. 36.4 †m.wg.
c.iii d.i, ii I iii
65. Av‡cwÿKÎæwU I kZKivÎwyUig‡a¨ m¤úK©-
70. ‡UwejwUiDci c„‡ôi †ÿÎdj-
a.kZKivÎæwU = Av‡cwÿKÎæwU100
a. 0.37 eM© wg. B. 0.3663 eM© wg.
b.Av‡cwÿKÎæwU = kZKivÎæwU cig ÎæwU
c. 0.35 eM© wg. D. 0.36633 eM© wg.
c.kZKivÎæwU = cig ÎæwU100
71. GKwU †Mvjv‡Kicwigvc¨ e¨vmva©, R = 10.1n‡j
d.Dc‡ii †Kv‡bvwUBbq
Gi AvqZ‡bi kZKivÎæwU KZ n‡e?
66. GKwU †ù‡ivwgUv‡iijwNôaªæeK0.01mmn‡j Gi
a.1% b. 2%
Øvivÿz`ªZg †h †eagvcv m¤¢e Zvn‡jv-
c. 3% d. 10%
a.0.1mm b. 0.01mm
72. ‡Kv‡bvGKwU `‡ÛicwigvcK…Z ˆ`N¨©
c. 1mm d. 0.05mm
10cmGescÖK…Z
gvb10.40cmn‡jcwigv‡cikZKivÎæwU KZ?
67. Zzjvhš¿ e¨env‡iimgq †j‡fwjs
¯ŒzNywi‡qcvUvZb‡KKxfv‡eivLvhvq? a.4% b. 3.84%
c. 0.398% d. 0.04%
a.Djø¤^fv‡e b.Abyf~wgKfv‡e
c.mgvšÍiv‡j d.Lvovfv‡e
73. 3.7 †K 3.01w`‡q ¸Y Ki‡j11.137cvIqvhvq|
68. ‡Kvb e„‡Ëie¨vmva© cwigvcK‡ir =
msL¨vwU‡KwKfv‡e Dc¯’vcbKi‡Zn‡e?
(5.50.2)mcvIqv †M‡j, e„‡ËikZKivÎæwU KZ
a.11 b. 11.1
n‡e?
c. 11.137 d. 11.14
a.7.3% b. 3.6% 74. ‡KvbGKwUivwkicÖK…Z gvb I cwigvcK…Z
c. 3.5% d. 7.02% gv‡bicv_©K¨‡K †Kvbai‡biÎæwUe‡j?
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨iAv‡jv‡K cÖ‡kœiDËi `vI
a.hvwš¿KÎæwU b. cig ÎæwU

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
c.mvgwMÖKÎæwU d.G‡jv‡g‡jvÎæwU

75. mywbw`©ó Kvi‡Yi Rb¨ fzjbvn‡jZv‡Ke‡j-

a.cybive„wËKfzj b.cwi‡ekMZfzj
c.G‡jv‡g‡jvfzj d.mvgwóKfzj
76. ‡ù‡ivwgUv‡iijwNôaªæeKn‡jv-
i) †ù‡ivwgUviÿz`ªZg †h ˆ`N¨©
mwVKfv‡ecwigvcKi‡Zcv‡i
ii) e„ËvKvi †¯‹‡ji ÿz`ªZgGKfvMNyiv‡j ‰iwLK
†¯‹‡ji hZUzKzmiY nq
iii) †ù‡ivwgUv‡iiwcP I e„ËvKvi ‡¯‹‡ji
fvMmsL¨viAbycvZ
wb‡Pi †KvbwUmwVK?
a.i I ii b.ii I iii
c.i I iii d.i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨iAv‡jv‡K cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI
j¨ve‡iUwi‡ZGKwUDËj †j‡ÝieµZvie¨vmva©
wbY©qKi‡ZGKwU
†ù‡ivwgUvie¨enviKivn‡jvhvijwNôMYb0.001c
m|
77. Dc‡iv³ †ÿ‡ÎjwNôMYbwb‡`©k K‡i-
a.ï×Zv b. m~²Zv
c.ÎæwU d.cwieZ©b
78. ‡h ÎæwU †ù‡ivwgUvi I ¯øvBWK¨vwjcvm© Df‡qig‡a¨
_vKv m¤¢e bq †mwUn‡jv-
a.k~b¨ ÎæwU b.wcQUÎæwU
c.abvZ¥K d.FYvZ¥KÎæwU

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ

মিমেডকল পার্থ
†fŠZ RM‡Zi cÖK…wZ

▪ RM‡Zi †kÖYxwefvM t 2 wU

1) †fŠZRMr

2) RxeRMr

▪ †fŠZ RMr gyjZ PviwU Dcv`v‡bi mgš^‡q ‰Zwi| ¯’vb, Kvj, (mgq), fi ,kw³ | cÖ_g `ywU ZvwË¡K nIqvq †fŠZ

RMr‡K fi I kw³ Dcw¯’wZ ØvivB eySvb nq|

▪ gvbyl Rvb‡Z †c‡i‡Q gvÎ 4%| wek¦ eªþv‡Ûi Rxe m¤c` Qvov me wKQzB †fŠZ weÁv‡bi `y‡f©`¨ wfZ|

▪ fv½bt

▪ cigvYz ¯’vqx I A¯’vqx KwbKv

▪ KwbKv †KvqvK©

▪ ‡KvqvK© kw³¸”Q*

c`v_©weÁv‡bi cwimi

cVb cvV‡bi mzweav‡_© c`v_© weÁvb‡K wewfbœ fv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q -

1)mvaviY c`v_© weÁvb

2)Zvc weÁvb

3)kã weÁvb

4)Av‡jvK weÁvb

5) Pz¤^K weÁvb

6)Zwor weÁvb /we`¨zr weÁvb

7)B‡jKUªwb·

8)cvigvYweK weÁvb

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
mvaviY c`v_©weÁvb

ejwe`¨v c`v‡_©i ag©

MwZwe`¨v w¯’wZwe`¨v mvaviY ag©: †h ag© mKj c`v‡_©iB Kg-‡ewk

_v‡K|

†hgb: IRb, we¯Í…wZ, †iva, w¯’wZ¯’vcKZv

we‡kl ag© (VVI)

w¯’wZ¯’vcKZv, `…pZv, f½yiZv- KwVb c`v‡_©i

mv›`ÖZv- Zij I evqexq c`v‡_©i

c…ôUvb /ZjUvb - Zij c`v‡_©i

c`v_w©eÁv‡bi we¯§qKi Ae`vbt

▪ AvaywbK hyM‡K ˆe`¨ywZK hyM ej‡jI AZ¨yw³ nq bv|

▪ evqzPvc gvcvi hš¿- e¨v‡ivwgUvi

▪ DòZv/ZvcgvÎv gvcvi hš¿- _v‡g©vwgUvi

▪ evqz‡Z Rjxq ev‡®úi cwigvY gvcvi hš¿- nvB‡MÖvwgUvi

▪ wbDwK¬qv‡mi kw³ Kv‡R jvMv‡bvi hš¿- wiq¨v±i

▪ f‚wgK¤ú gvcvi hš¿- wmm‡gvMÖvd

▪ Mvwoi MwZ gvcvi hš¿- w¯ú‡WvwgUvi

▪ weÁv‡bi Kj¨v‡Y 10−30 wgUvi AvK…wZi †gŠwjK KYvmn 1030 wgUvi `‚i‡Z¡i AvKvk ch©‡e¶Y Kiv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q|

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
aviYv ev cÖZ¨qt

†Kv‡bv wKQz m¤c‡K© mwVK Dcjw× ev ‡evaMg¨Zv n‡jv IB welq m¤c‡K© ¯có aviYv| A_ev aviYv n‡jv †Kvb fvebv ev

wPšÍv aviv ev mvaviY AwfgZ

m~Ît

hLb †Kv‡bv ZË¡ A‡bK cix¶v-wbix¶vi mvnv‡h¨ cÖgvwYZ nq Ges Gi g~j K_v¸wj GKwU Dw³i gva¨‡g cÖKvk Kiv nq

ZLb Zv‡K ˆeÁvwbK m~Î ejv nq|

bxwZt

†h mKj cÖvK…wZK mZ¨ mivmwi ¯cófv‡e cÖgvY Kiv hvq Ges IB m‡Z¨i mvnv‡h¨ A‡bK cÖvK…wZK NUbv‡K cÖgvY Kiv

hvq, †K bxwZ e‡j|

¯^xKvh©t

†Kv‡bv MvwYwZK g‡Wj ev m~Î cÖwZôv Kivi j‡¶¨ hw` wKQz c~e©kZ© ¯^xKvi K‡i †bIqv nq,Z‡e IB c~e©kZ©mgn~‡K ¯^xKvh©

e‡j| cigvYy g‡Wj `ywU ¯^xKvh© MÖnY, AvBb÷vBb Av‡cw¶KZvi we‡kl ZË¡, `ywU †gŠwjK ¯^xKv‡h©i |

AbyKít

weÁvbxiv Zvu‡`i ch©‡ew¶Z NUbvi KviY m¤^‡Ü e¨vL¨v cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ A‡bK mgq c~‡e© Avwe®‹…Z cÖvK…wZK wbq‡gi mv‡_

mvgÄm¨ †i‡L wKQz Abygvb K‡ib| GB Abygvb¸‡jv‡K ejv nq AbyKí| A¨v‡fv‡M‡Wªvi AbyKí|

ZË¡t

AbzKí I wbq‡gi mgš^‡q ZË¡ cÖwZwôZ| cix¶v-wbix¶vi Øviv cÖgvwYZ AbyKí‡K ZË¡ e‡j| mKj myÎB ZË¡, Z‡e mKj

ZË¡ m~Î bq| mKj ZË¡B AbyKí, Z‡e mKj AbyKí ZË¡ bq|

c`v_©weÁvb I Ab¨vb¨ weÁvb I Áv‡bi RMr t

▪ B‡jKUÖb gvB‡µv‡¯‹vc Gi mvnv‡h¨ †Kv‡li MVb Rvbv mnR n‡q‡Q

▪ X-Ray Gi e¨envi wbDwK¬K Gwm‡Wi MVb Rvb‡Z mnvqZv K‡i‡Q |

▪ †iwWI †Uwj‡¯‹v‡ci e¨envi Quasars Ges Pulsars Avwe®‹v‡i f‚wgKv †i‡L‡Q|

▪ d¨viv‡W KZ©…K Avwe®‹…Z "Zwor‡PŠ¤^Kxq Av‡ek" (Electromagnetic induction) GK Af‚Zc‚e© Avwe®‹vi|

▪ ‡Rbv‡iUi, †gvUi, UÖvÝdg©vi Ab¨vb¨ ˆe`¨zwZK hš¿ Avwe®‹v‡ii d‡j hš¿ mf¨Zvi m‚Pbv n‡q‡Q |

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
▪ m¨v‡UjvBU AvenvIqvi c‚e©vfvm w`‡Z m¶g|

▪ Rjwe`¨zr †K‡›`Ö cvwbi wefe kw³ †K e¨envi K‡i hvwš¿K kw³‡K ˆe`¨zwZK kw³‡Z iæcvšÍwiZ Kiv nq|

▪ wbDwK¬q cvigvYweK Pzwj‡Z wdkb wg_w¯Œqvi d‡j m…ó wbDwK¬q kw³‡K e¨envi K‡i we`¨zr Drcv`b Kiv nq|

▪ ‡ivM wbY©‡q X-ray e¨envi Kiv nq|

▪ K¨vÝvimn Ab¨vb¨ †iv‡Mi wPwKrmvq †iwWI‡_ivwc cÖ`vb Kiv nq Ges G‡Z †iwWI AvB‡mv‡Uvc e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K|

c`v_©weÁv‡b ¯’vb,mgq I fit

wPivwqZ ejwe`¨v wbDUbxq ejwe`¨v bv‡g cwiwPZ| GLv‡b †gŠwjK ivwk 3wU avibv Kiv nq-

1) ¯’vb 2) mgq 3) fi

†h¸‡jv‡K cig ivwk wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq|

AvaywbK aviYvt

wPivqZ ejwe`¨vi †gŠwjK ivwk wZbwU MwZi mv‡_ cwieZ©b nq| ivwk wZbwU cig bq|

¯’vbt

†Kv‡bv e¯‘i MwZkxj Ae¯’vi ˆ`N¨© IB e¯‘i w¯’i Ae¯’vi ˆ`†N¨©i †P‡q †QvU nIqv‡K ˆ`N¨© ms‡KvPb|

mgq ev Kvjt

†Kv‡bv Ro ev w¯’i KvVv‡gv‡Z msNwUZ NUbv D³ KvVv‡gv mv‡c‡¶ MwZkxj Ab¨ †Kv‡bv KvVv‡gv †_‡K j¶ Ki‡j †`Lv

hv‡e NUbvi mgq e¨eavb e„w× †c‡q‡Q| G welqwU‡K Kvj `xN©vqb ev mgq cÖmviY e‡j|

fit

e¯‘ MwZkxj n‡j Gi fi e„w× cvq| GB NUbv‡K f‡ii Av‡cw¶KZv ev MwZRwbZ fi e„w× e‡j|

†gŠwjK ev cÖv_wgK I jä GKKt

mKj †fŠZ ivwk‡K gvÎ 3wU GK‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ cÖKvk Kiv nq-

1) †gŠwjK/g‚j/Avw`/cÖv_wgK GKK (Fundamental unit)

2) †hŠwMK/ jä/cÖvß GKK ( Derived unit)

3) e¨envwiK GKK (Practical unit)

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
†gŠwjK/g‚j/Avw`/cÖv_wgK GKK (Fundamental unit)

†h GKK Ab¨ †Kv‡bv GK†Ki Ici wbf©i K‡i bv Ges G‡Kev‡i m¤cK©k~b¨ ev ¯^vaxb Zv‡K †gŠwjK ev cÖv_wgK GKK

e‡j|

• ‡gŠwjK GKK 3wU-

1) ‰`‡N¨©i GKK

2) f‡ii GKK

3) mg‡qi GKK

‡Lqvj †i‡Lv

(MUST)
‡gŠwjK GKK 3wU wKš‘ †gŠwjK ivwk 7wU (‰`N¨©, fi, mgq, ZvcgvÎv, we`¨zr cÖevngvÎv, `xcb ZxeÖZv c`v‡_©i cwigvY|)

mzZivs †gŠwjK GKK I †gŠwjK ivwki GKK G‡Kev‡i GK wRwbm bv wKš‘| (hw`I wKQz †jLK †gŠwjK ivwki GKK‡K †gŠwjK

GKK wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ w`‡q‡Q Ges K_vUv m¤ú‚Y© A‡hŠw³KI bv, Z‡e MCQ †Z †gŠwjK GKK Avm‡j 3wU Ges †gŠwjK ivwk

Avm‡j 7wU `vMv‡Z n‡e, ZvB BE CAREFUL , dear student! )

• k~b¨ gva¨‡g Av‡jvK GK eQ‡i †h `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i Zv‡K GK Av‡jvKel© e‡j|

• Av‡jvKel© n‡jv cÖv_wgK GKK (†h‡nZz GwU ˆ`‡N©¨iB GKK)|

†hŠwMK/ jä/cÖvß GKK ( Derived unit)

GB wZbwU ‡gŠwjK GKK‡K wfwË K‡i †h GKK MVb Kiv nq ev †gŠwjK GKK n‡Z †h GKK cvIqv hvq Zv‡K jä ev

†hŠwMK GKK e‡j|

GKK †jLvi c×wZt

• GK GKeP‡b wjL‡Z n‡e,

• GK‡Ki †k‡l dzj÷c †`qv hv‡e bv,

• `xN© msL¨v cv‡V myweav†_© `kwg‡Ki Wv‡b ev ev‡g GK‡Î wZbwU K‡i msL¨v wjL‡Z n‡e|

Aï× - 24765.321

ï× - 24,765.321

GK‡Ki c×wZt

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
1) dzU -cvDÛ- †m‡KÛ c×wZ ev weÖwUk c×wZ (FPS)

‰`‡N¨©i GKK- dzU

f‡ii GKK- cvDÛ

mg‡qi GKK- †m‡KÛ

2) †mw›UwgUvi - MÖvg - †m‡KÛ c×wZ ev †gwUªK c×wZ ev †d«Â c×wZ (C.G.S)

†mw›UwgUvi - ˆ`‡N¨©i GKK

MÖvg- f‡ii GKK

†m‡KÛ - mg‡qi GKK|

3) wgUvi-wK‡jvMÖvg-‡m‡KÛ c×wZ (M.K.S)

wgUvi - ˆ`‡N¨©i GKK,

wK‡jvMÖvg - f‡ii GKK,

†m‡KÛ - mg‡qi GKK|

Additional unit expression systems-

4) AvšÍR©vwZK c×wZi GKK ev Gm. AvB. GKK (S.I. Units)

G c×wZ‡Z †gvU 9wU ivwk Av‡Q -

5) M.K.S.A

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ

†gŠwjK GKKmg~n, G¸‡jvi MywYZK I Dc¸wYZKt

90 fvM cøvwUbvg I 10 fvM BwiwWqv‡gi msKi wbwg©Z `‡Ûi Dci 2wU wbw`©ó `v‡Mi ga¨eZ©x `‚iZ¡‡K AvšÍR©vwZK wgUvi

e‡j| Gi GKkZ fv‡Mi GK fvM‡K 1‡mw›UwgUvi e‡j| |

N.B
10 wK‡jvwgUvi = 1wgwiqv wgUvi
(wgwiqvwg)

1 G¨v÷ª‡bvwgK¨vj BDwbU (AU) = 9.289 × 107 gvBj,

1 Av‡jvKel© (ly) = 5.865 × 1012 gvBj,

1 cvi‡mK (pc) = 3.26 Av‡jvKel©|

Av‡jvKel© < cvi‡mK > †gMvwgUvi > G¨vs÷ªg|

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ

†gŠwjK I jä GK‡Ki gvÎv I gvÎv mgxKiYt

gvÎvt †Kv‡bv GKwU ivwk Ges Zvi †gŠwjK GK‡Ki g‡a¨ m¤cK© ¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ †h ms‡KZ e¨envi Kiv nq| Zv‡K D³

ivwki gvÎv e‡j| †Kv‡bv jä GKK MVb Ki‡Z †gŠwjK GKK¸‡jv‡K †h Nv‡Z DbœxZ Kiv nq, †m NvZ‡K IB jä GK‡Ki

gvÎv e‡j|

gvÎv mgxKiYt

†h mgxKiY †gŠwjK GKK Ges jä GK‡Ki g‡a¨ m¤cK© ¯’vcb K‡i Zv‡K gvÎv mgxKiY e‡j|

• Zwor cÖvej¨, E Gi gvÎv mgxKiY [𝑀𝐿−3 𝐴−1 ] ,

• ‡KŠwYK fi‡e‡Mi gvÎv mgxKiY [𝑀𝐿2 𝑇 −1 ],

• Z¡iY 𝐿𝑇 −2 ,

• f‡ii gvÎv mgxKiY 𝐹𝐿−1 𝑇 2 ( hw` ej, ‰`N©¨, mgq †gŠwjK ivwk nq)

• ‡KŠwYK fi‡e‡Mi gvÎv = cøv‡¼i aªæe‡Ki gvÎv

gvÎv mgxKi‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxqZvt

1) GK c×wZi GKK‡K Ab¨ c×wZi GK‡K iƒcvšZi Kiv hvq |

2) mgxKi‡Yi wbf©yjZv hvPvB Kiv hvq|

3) wewfbœ ivwki mgxKiY MVb Kiv hvq|

4) †Kv‡bv †fŠZ ivwki GKK wbY©q Kiv hvq|

5) †Kv‡bv †fŠZ mgm¨vi mgvavb Kiv hvq|

mggvwÎK bxwZt

†Kv‡bv mwVK m¤cK© ev mgxKi‡Yi `ywU w`‡Ki gvÎv me mgq Awfbœ n‡e| GwUB mggvwÎK bxwZ|

• mgZwjK †KvY GKwU gvÎvnxb ivwk|

†fŠZ ivwki gvb GK GKK c×wZ n‡Z Ab¨ GKK c×wZ‡Z iƒcvšÍit

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
• 1 𝑁𝑒𝑤𝑡𝑜𝑛 = 105 𝑑𝑦𝑛𝑒

• 1 Joule = 107 erg

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
cwigv‡ci g~jbxwZt

ivwki gvc = msL¨v × GKK|

GwUB n‡jv cwigv‡ci g~jbxwZ|

AvazwbK weÁv‡b weÁvbx‡`i Ae`vb

AvwK©wgwWm (287-212)
 wZwb Zij c`v‡_© wbgw¾Z †Kv‡bv e¯‘i Dci wµqvkxj EaŸ©gyLx e‡ji m~Î Avwe®‹vi K‡i avZzi †fRvj wbY©q Ki‡Z mÿg
nq|
 wZwb wjfv‡ii bxwZ Avwe®‹vi K‡ib|
 G Qvov wZwb †Mvjxq `c©‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ m~h©iwk¥ †K›`ªxf‚Z K‡i Av¸b R¡vjv‡bvi †KŠkj Rvb‡Zb|

M¨vwjwjIt
 wZwb Av‡cwÿK ¸iæZ¡ gvcvi Rb¨ nvB‡Wªv÷¨vwUK e¨v‡jÝ ev D`w¯’wZ wbw³ Avwe®‹vi K‡ib|
 1610 mv‡j wZwbB cÖ_g †R¨vwZwe`¨v welqK †Uwj‡¯‹vc Avwe¯‹vi K‡ib|
 M¨vwjwjI miY, MwZ, Z¡iY, mgq BZ¨vw`i msÁv cÖ`vb I G‡`i g‡a¨ m¤úK© wba©viY K‡ib|
 wZwb cošÍ e¯‘i cZ‡bi m~Î Avwe®‹vi K‡bi|
 wZwb m„wZwe`¨vi (Kinematics) wfwË ¯’vcb K‡ib|

 1610 wLª÷v‡ã wZwb be Avwe®‹…Z `~iex¶Y hš¿ (Telescope) e¨envi K‡i

e„n¯cwZ MÖ‡ni 8wU DcMÖn Avwe®‹vi K‡ib|

wbDUbt

 wZwb MwY‡Z K¨vjKzjv‡mi cÖeZ©b K‡ib Ges wbDU‡bi MwZm~Îmg~n m~ÎvwqZ K‡ib|
 wZwb ejwe`¨vi Avwe®‹viK|

 wZwb †j‡Ýi m~Î cÖeZ©b K‡ib Ges cÖwZdjK †Uwj‡¯‹vc Avwe®‹vi K‡ib|
 wZwb Av‡jvi KwYKv Z‡Ë¡i cÖe³v|

†KvcviwbKvm
 cÂ`k kZvãx†Z †R¨vwZwe©` †KvcviwbKvm ‘m~h©‡Kw›`ªK’ ZË¡ †`b|

†Kcjvi

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
 cÂ`k kZvãx‡Z †Kcjvi MÖn-b¶‡Îi MwZc‡_i wewfbœ DcvË we‡kølYK‡i w¯’i wm×v‡šÍ DcbxZ nb †h, MÖn¸‡jvi MwZc_

e„ËvKvi bq, Dce„ËvKvi| MÖncy‡Äi MwZi g‡a¨ †Kcjvi wKQz wbqgbxwZ Lyu‡R cvb Ges GB wbqgbxwZ¸‡jv‡K wZbwU m~‡Îi

mvnv‡h¨ cÖKvk K‡ib| G¸‡jv †Kcjv‡ii m~Î bv‡g cwiwPZ|

Ugvm Bqst

 WvP weÁvbx nvB‡Mbm (Huygens) 1678 wLª÷v‡ã Av‡jvi Zi½ ZË¡ cÖ`vb

K‡ib| c‡i Ugvm Bqs, ‡d«‡bjmn AviI A‡b‡K GB ZË¡ cÖwZwôZ K‡ib|

 1801 wLª÷v‡ã wZwb Av‡jv‡Ki e¨wZPvi Avwe®‹vi K‡ib| Bqs- cix¶v|

 c`v‡_©i w¯_wZ¯’vcKZvi Dci m~Î cÖ`vb K‡ib , w¯’wZ¯’vcKZvi ˆ`N©¨ ¸Yv¼ Bqs Gi ¸Yv¼ wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ|

 gvbe †Pv‡Li wewfbœ Av‡jvi ms‡e`bkxjZv m¤^‡Ü wZwb me©cÖ_g e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb K‡ib|

gvB‡Kj d¨viv‡Wt

1845 wLª÷v‡ã wZwb Avwe®‹vi K‡ib †h GKwU cÖej †PŠ¤^K †¶‡Îi cÖfv‡e mgeZ©b

Z‡j Ny‡i hvq| G NUbv d¨viv‡W wµqv bv‡g cwiwPZ| d¨viv‡W Zwor Pz¤^Kxq

Av‡ek Ges Av‡cw¶K Av‡ewkK aviKZ¡ Avwe®‹v†ii Rb¨ Agi n‡q Av‡Qb|

AvjevU© AvBb÷vBbt

wZwb eªvEbxq MwZ, Av‡jvK Zwor wµqv, Av‡cw¶KZvi we‡kl ZË¡ Ges kw³ I

RoZvi m~Î BZ¨vw` RMr weL¨vZ m~‡Îi Avwe®‹viK| 23 eQi ZLb wZwb Av‡cw¶KZvi

we‡kl ZË¡ cÖKvk K‡ib| 1905 wLª÷v‡ã Av‡jvK Zwor wµqvi e¨vL¨vi Rb¨

AvBb÷vBb cøv‡¼i †Kvqv›Uvg ZË¡ cÖ‡qvM K‡ib| †Kvqv›Uvg ZË¡ Abymv‡i †h

†Kv‡bv wewKiY AmsL¨ †dvU‡bi mgwó A_©vr wewKiY †dvU‡bi GKwU SvuK ev Sibv| AvBb÷vB‡bi fwel¨ØvYxi Ici wfwË

K‡i GKk eQi ci 2016 mv‡j 11B †deªæqvwi GK`j weÁvbx (𝐿𝑆𝐶) gnvKl©xq Zi½ mivmwi kbv³ Ki‡Z m¶g nb|

g¨v· cøv¼t

cÖwZwU kw³KYv ev kw³ ¸”Q GK GKwU AwefvR¨ GKK| wZwb kw³i G ¶z`ª ¸‡”Qi

bvg †`b †Kvqv›Uv(𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑎)| cÖwZwU †Kvqv›Uvi kw³ wewKiY K¤cv‡¼i mgvbycvwZK|

GB kw³ †Kvqv›Uv cieZ©x‡Z †dvUb wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ jvf K‡i|

For Quick Review

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ

cwigv‡ci fzj ev ÎæwUt

hvwš¿K ÎæwUt

†fŠZ ivwk cwigv‡c †h mg¯Í hš¿ e¨envi Kiv nq, †m¸‡jv mwVK Ges my‡e`x bv n‡j cwigv‡ci ÎæwU †`Lv †`q| G‡K

hvwš¿K ÎæwU e‡j| k~b¨ ÎæwU (Zero error), wcQU ÎæwU ( backlash error) I †j‡fj ÎæwU (level error)|

k~b¨ ÎæwUt

cÖavb †¯‹‡ji ‘0’ `vM fvwb©qvi ev e„ËvKvi †¯‹‡ji ‘0’ `v‡Mi mv‡_ bv wg‡j hw` Av‡M ev wcQ‡b _v‡K, Z‡e G†K

k~b¨ ÎæwU e‡j|

wcQU ÎæwUt

bvU-¯Œy bxwZi Dci wfwË K‡i †h mKj hš¿ ˆZwi †mme h‡š¿ GB ÎæwU cwijw¶Z nq|

†j‡fj ÎæwUt

• KZ¸‡jv cix¶‡Yi †¶‡Î hš¿‡K fv‡jvfv‡e †j‡fwjs K‡i bv wb‡j mwVK cvV cvIqv hvqbv| †hgbt wbw³, we‡¶c

†PŠ¤^Kgvb hš¿, U¨vb‡R›U M¨vjfv‡bvwgUvi BZ¨vw`|

• †j‡fwjs ¯Œy Ges w¯cwiU †j‡f‡ji mvnv‡h¨ †j‡fwjs K‡i wb‡Z nq|

ch©‡e¶Yg~jK ev e¨vw³MZ ÎæwUt wewfbœ fv‡e n‡Z cv‡i- e¨w³MZ ÎæwU, cÖvšÍ `vM ÎæwU, j¤^b ÎæwU, m~PK ÎæwU,

cwi‡ekMZ ÎæwU| `„wóåg (Parallax Error) GB iKg ÎæwU

czbive…wËg‚jK /wbqwgZ ÎzwUt

wgUvi weÖ‡Ri cÖvwšÍK ÎzwU, †cv‡UbwkIwgUv‡ii cÖvwšÍK ÎzwU, ¯Œz-M‡Ri k‚b¨ ÎzwU

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
jwNô MYb ÎzwU

b¨‚bZg †h cwigvc †Kv‡bv h‡š¿i mvnv‡h¨ cwigvc Kiv m¤¢e Zv‡K H h‡š¿i jwNô MYb e‡j| †hgbt

wgUvi †¯‹‡ji jwNô MYb - 1mm/0.1cm

¯øvBW K¨vwjcv‡m©i jwNô MYb - 0.01mm / 0.001cm

cig ÎæwUt

†Kv‡bv GKwU ivwki cÖK…Z gvb I cwigvcK…Z gv‡bi cv_©K¨‡K cig ÎæwU e‡j|

Zvrch©c~Y© A¼msL¨vt

GKwU †fŠZ ivwk‡K cwigvc K‡i cÖvß gv‡b hZ¸wj A¼msL¨v ch©šÍ m¤c~Y©iƒ‡c wbwðZ nIqv hvq Zvi cieZ©x A¼

ch©šÍ A¼¸‡jv‡K Zvrch©c~Y© A¼msL¨v e‡j|

¯Œy †MRt

¯ŒywU Ggbfv‡e ˆZwi Kiv nq †hb Gi GKwU c~Y© AveZ©‡b GwU ˆiwLK †dj eivei 1 mm m‡i hvq| G‡KB ¯Œy wcP

(screw pitch) ejv nq| ¯Œy †M‡Ri mvnv‡h¨ 0.001 cm ch©šÍ ¶z`ª ˆ`N¨© mwVKfv‡e cwigvc Kiv hvq|

eûwbe©vPbx cÖ‡kœi Dˇii Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq welqvewji mvi-ms‡¶ct

4
1. AbywgwZi Ici wfwË K‡i ZË¡ M‡o I‡V| 𝑉 = 𝜋𝑟 3 mgxKi‡Y 𝑟 Gi gvb cwigv‡c 2% ÎæwU _vK‡j V cwigv‡c
3

ÎæwU n‡e 6%|

2. Av‡jvKel© < cvi‡mK > †gMwgUvi > G¨vs÷ªg|

3. 1704 mv‡j AcwUKm bv‡g †h eBwU cÖKvwkZ nq Zvi †jLK wQ‡jb wbDUb|
22
4. 𝜋 = wbY©q K‡ib(fv¯‹ivPvh©)|
7

𝑑2 ℎ
5. †Mvjxq Z‡j eµZvi e¨vmv‡a©i mgxKiY n‡jv 𝑅 = 6ℎ + 2

6. cig ÎæwU = cÖK…Z gvb -cwigvc¨ gvb|

7. ‘g’ wbY©‡q _vgv Nwoi mvnv‡h¨ | T wbY©q I †¯‹‡ji mvnv‡h¨ wbY©‡q GB ÎæwU †`Lv †`q|

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
8. N, J, W, K Gi g‡a¨ K n‡jv †gŠwjK GKK|

c`v_©weÁvb †gwW‡Kj fwZ© cix¶vi R‡b¨ Important MvwYwZK mgm¨vejx

mgyn
G Aa¨v‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© MvwYwZK
m~Îmg~n:
1. kZKiv µwU =
(cÖK…Z gvb-cix¶vjä gvb)
cÖK…Z gvb ×100%
Δ𝑉
2. AvqZb ÎæwU = × 100%
𝑉
3. †dvU‡bi kw³, E = hf

❑ GKwU ‡Mvj‡Ki cwigvc¨ e¨vmva©, 𝑹 = 𝟓. 𝟑 ± 𝟎. 𝟏 n‡j AvqZ‡b kZKiv µwU KZ? (V.I)
mgvavbt
AvqZ‡bi kZKiv µwU wbY©q:
GLv‡b, R = 5.3
∴cig ÎæwU, Δ𝑅 = 0.1
4
GLb, ‡Mvj‡Ki AvqZb, 𝑉 = 3 𝜋𝑅 3
Δ𝑉 3Δ𝑅
∴AvqZ‡b AvbycvwZK µvU, =
𝑉 𝑅
Δ𝑉 0.1 0.3
∴ = 3 × 5.3 = 5.3
𝑉
Δ𝑉 0.3×100
AZGe, AvqZ‡b ÎæwU × 100 = = 5.7%
𝑉 5.3
[Ref: W. Avwgi ‡nv‡mb Lvb (7g ms¯‹iY-2019), MvwYwZK D`v: 1]

❑ GKwU `‡Ði cwigvcK…Z ˆ`N¨© 10cm Ges cÖK…Zgvb 10.40cm n‡j cwigv‡ci kZKiv µwU KZ?
[ †g.f.c. '18-19]
(a) 4% (b) 3.8% (c) 3.84% (d) 0.4%
DËi: (c) 3.84%
e¨vL¨v:
GLv‡b, cwigvcK…Z ˆ`N¨© = 10cm
cÖK…Z gvb = 10.40cm
(cÖK…Z gvb -cÖvß gvb)
kZKiv ÎæwU = cÖK…Z gvb × 100%
10.40−10.00
= 10.40 × 100%
= 3.84%
MvwYwZK wnmve †_‡K †`Lv hvq †h, cwigv‡ci kZKiv µwU 3.84% |
[Ref: W. Avwgi (7g ms¯‹iY-2019)]

𝟕
❑ GKwU wmwjÛv‡ii ˆ`N¨© , 𝟐𝟐 wgUvi| hw` Dnvi AvqZb 𝟒𝒎𝟑 nq Zvn‡j Dnvi e¨vm KZ n‡e? (V.I)
[‡g.f.c '14-15]
22
(a) 1 m (b) 4 m (c) 𝑚 (d) 2 m
7
DËi: (b) 4 m
mgvavbt
wmwjÛv‡ii e¨vm wbY©q
†Kvb wmwjÛvi AvK…wZi e¯‘i e¨vmva© r, ˆ`N¨© l n‡j Gi AvqZb

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
𝑉 = 𝜋𝑟 2 𝑙
7
†`Iqv Av‡Q, wmwjÛv‡ii ˆ`N¨© 𝑙 = 22 𝑚
AvqZb 𝑣 = 4𝑚3
7
Zvn‡j, 4 = 𝜋𝑟 2 (22)
22 7
ev, 4 = ( 7 ) × 𝑟 2 × 22
ev, 𝑟 2 = 4
∴ 𝑟 = 2𝑚. [‡h‡nZz e¨vmva© FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i bv]
∴wmwjÛv‡ii e¨vm, 2𝑟 = 2 × 2 = 4𝑚 |
[Ref: W. Avwgi †nv‡mb (hô ms¯‹iY-2017)

❑ 𝟔𝟔𝟓𝟎 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟎 𝒎 Zi½‰`‡N¨©i †dvU‡bi MwZkw³ KZ?

mgvavb:
†dvU‡bi MwZkw³ wbY©q: GLv‡b,
†dvU‡bi K¤cv¼𝑓n‡j, †dvU‡bi Zi½ ‰`N¨©, 𝜆 = 6650 x 10" m .
Avgiv Rvwb, Rvbv Av‡Q
E= hf cøv‡¼i aªæeK, ℎ = 6.63 𝑥 10−34 𝐽𝑠
Avjv‡i `ªæwZ, 𝑐 = 3 𝑥 108 𝑚𝑠′
†dvU‡bi MwZkw³, E = ?
ℎ𝑐 𝑐
= [∵ 𝑓 = ]
𝜆 𝜆
6.63×10−34 𝐽𝑠×3×108 𝑚𝑠−1
= 6650×10−10 𝑚
= 2.99 × 10−19 𝐽
AZGe, †dvU‡bi MwZkw³ 2.99 × 10−19 𝐽
[Ref: Aa¨vcK †mjy (cwigwR©Z I ewa©Z ms¯‹iY-2019), Aby: 1.5]

❑ 1g f‡ii mgZzj¨ kw³i cwigvY KZ?

mgvavb: †dvU‡bi MwZkw³ wbY©q
Avgiv Rvwb,
𝐸 = 𝑚𝑐 2
= 10−3 𝑘𝑔 × (3 × 108 𝑚𝑠 −1 )2 = 9 × 1013 GLv‡b,
9×1013 𝐽×1𝑒𝑉 fi, 𝑚 = 1 𝑔 = 10−3 𝑘𝑔
= −19
1.6×10 𝐽
Rvbv Av‡Q,
= 5.6 × 1032 𝑒𝑉
k~b¨ gva¨‡g Avjv‡i †eM,𝑐 = 3 ×
= 5.6 × 1032 𝑒𝑉
10 𝑚𝑠 −1
8
= 5.6 × 1026 𝑀𝑒𝑉 [∴ 1 𝑀𝑒𝑉 = 106 𝑒𝑉]
mgZzj¨ kw³, E=? eV
AZGe, 1 g f‡ii mgZzj¨ kw³ 5.6 × 1032 𝑒𝑉
ev 5.6 × 1026 𝑀𝑒𝑣
[Ref: Aa¨vcK †mjy (cwigvwR©Z I ewa©Z ms¯‹iY-2019), Aby: 1.5]

❑ GKwU ‡Mvj‡Ki e¨vmva© cwigv‡ci µwU 2% n‡j Gi AvqZb cwigv‡c kZKiv µwU KZ? (VI)
mgvavb:
4
Avgiv Rvwb, ‡Mvj‡Ki AvqZb, 𝑉 = 3 𝜋𝑟 2
Δ𝑉 Δ𝑟
∴ 𝑉 = 3 𝑟 = 3 × 2% = 6%
[Ref: Aa¨vcK Zdv¾j ‡nv‡mb (ms¯‹iY-2019), cÖkœ bs-41 ]

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
weMZ ‡gwW‡Kj fwZ© cixÿvi e¨vL¨vmn MCQ
mg~n
1. c`v_©weÁv‡bi AvIZvq Av‡m bv †KvbwU? [‡gwW‡Kj e¨vL¨vt wKD‡mK n‡jv cvwb cÖev‡ni GKK| GK
19-20] †m‡K‡Û GK NbdzU ev 28 .317 wjUvi cvwb cÖevwnZ
K. Astronomy L. n‡j Zv‡K GK wKD‡mK e‡j|
Anthropometry 4. ÒMÖn ¸wji MwZc_ Dce„ËvKviÓ ZË¡ZwU †K Avwe®‹vi
M. Electromagnetism N. K‡i‡Qb? [‡gwW‡Kj 19-20]
Thermodynamics K. †Kcjvi L. U‡jwg
DËi : L. M. wc_v‡Mvivm N. M¨vwjwjI
e¨vL¨vt DËi : K.
e¨vL¨vt
• ejwe`¨v • ZvcMwZwe`¨v weÁvbx Ae`vb
(Mohair's) (Thermodynamic U‡jwg me©cÖ_g f‚-‡Kw›`ªK ZË¡ Dc¯’vcb
s) K‡ib|
• ZvcweÁvb • ‡R¨vwZwe©Ávb wc_v‡Mvivm R¨vwgwZK Dccv‡`¨i m~Î cÖ`vb|
(Heat) (Astronomy) M¨vwjwjI cošÍ e¯‘i m~Î †hŠwMK AYyexÿY
hš¿, `~iexÿY hš¿, cvwb
• kãweÁvb • B‡jKUªwb·
D‡Ëvj‡bi hš¿, evqy _v‡g©v‡¯‹vc
(Sound) (Electronics)
cÖf…wZ Avwe®‹vi K‡ib|
• Av‡jvKweÁvb • Av‡cwÿKË¡
(Light) (Reality)
5. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z c`v_©we`¨v jä Ávb wPwKrmv we`¨vq
• Pz¤^KweÁvb • wbDwK¬q c`v_©weÁvb cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq bv? [‡gwW‡Kj 19-20]
(
K. Biometric attendance L. X-ray
• ZworweÁvb • ‡Kvqv›Uvg c`v_©weÁvb M. Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• ZworPz¤^KweÁv N. Ultrasound
b DËi : K.
2. Pv‡ci SI GKK †KvbwU? [‡gwW‡Kj 19-20] e¨vL¨vt c`v_©we`¨vje× Ávb wPwKrm vwe`¨vi †hme
K. cmHg L. Pascal †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq X-ray, Magnetic
M. cmH 2O N. mnHg Resonance Imaging, Ultrasound CT scan,
DËi : L. Portion Emitting Tomography cÖf…wZ|
−2 6. webv cÖgv‡Y †Kvb wKQz †g‡b †bIqv‡K e‡j [‡W›Uvj 19-
e¨vL¨vt Pv‡ci SI GKK Pascal ev Nm Ges
 
gvÎv mgxKiY ML−1T −2 Pv‡ci Ab¨vb¨ GKK n‡jv
20]
K. avibv L. ¯^xKvh©
atm, lorr , bar , mnHg , cmHg cÖf…wZ|
M. bxwZ N. ZË¡
3. 1 (GK) wKD‡mK cvwbi Nbdj KZ wjUvi? [‡gwW‡Kj DËi : N.
19-20] e¨vL¨vt
K. 28 .517 L. 28 .717
M. 28 .917 N. 28 .317 aviYv ‡Kv‡bv wKQz m¤ú‡K© mwVK Dcjwä ev
DËi : N. †evaMg¨Zv|

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
¯^xKvh© webv cÖgv‡Y †Kv‡bv wKQz †g‡b wb‡q 1.609𝑘𝑚 = 1.61 wK.wg. (𝑘𝑚) (cÖvq)
hyw³ ev wee„wZ cÖ`vb| 1𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒 − 1𝑘𝑚 = (1.609 − 1)𝑘𝑚
bxwZ ‡hme mvaviY m~Î weÁv‡bi wewË| = 0.609𝑘𝑚 = 0.609 × 1000𝑚 = 609𝑚
ZË¡ cixÿv-wbixÿv Øviv cÖgvwYZ AbyKí| 𝑆 = 𝑣𝑡 = (3 × 108 ) × (365 × 24 ×
7. ‡Kvb ˆeÁvwbK me©cÖ_g m~h©‡Kw›`ªK †mŠiRM‡Zi aviYv 60 × 60)
cÖ`vb K‡ib? [‡gwW‡Kj 18-19] = 9.42 × 1015 𝑚.
K. †Kcjvi L. U‡gwj 10. GK eQ‡i Av‡jv KZ `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i? [‡W›Uvj
M. ‡W‡gvwµUvm N. ‡Kvcvwb©Kvm 17-18]
DËi : N. K. 9.42 × 1015 𝑚 L. 9.42 ×
e¨vL¨vt 1012 𝑚
weÁbx Ae`vb M. 3.083 × 1016 𝑚 N. 3.083 ×
‡Kvwcvwb©Kvm m~h©-‡K›`ªxK ZË¡ cÖ`vb| 1010 𝑚
U‡gwj f‚-‡Kw›`ªK ZË¡ cÖ`vb| DËi : K.
‡Kcjvi MÖn¸‡jvi MwZc_ e„ËKvi bq, 11. f‚wgK¤ú gvcvi h‡š¿i bvg Kx?? [‡W›Uvj 16-17]
Dce„ËvKvi| K. w¯ú‡WvwgUvi L. nvB‡WªvwgUvi
M¨vwjwjI `~iexÿY hš¿, cvwb D‡Ëvj‡bi M. _v‡g©vwgUvi N. wmm‡gvMÖvwd
hš¿, evqy _v‡g©v‡¯‹vc Avwe®‹vi| DËi : N.
8. GKwU `‡Ûi cwigvcK…Z ˆ`N©¨ 10 cm I cÖK…Zgvb e¨vL¨vt
7
10 .40 cm n‡j, cwigv‡ci ÎæwU KZ? 12. GKwU wmwjÛv‡ii ˆ`N¨© wgUvi| hw` Dnvi AvqZb
22
[‡gwW‡Kj 18-19] 4𝑚3 nq, Zvn‡j Dnvi e¨vm KZ n‡e? [‡gwW‡Kj
K. 4% L. 3.8% 14-15]
M. 3.84 % N. 0.4% K. 1𝑚 L. 4𝑚
DËi : M. 7
M. 22 𝑚 N. 2𝑚
e¨vL¨vt cÖK…Zgvb 10 .40 cm , cÖvß gvb = 10 cm
DËi : L.
cÖK…Z gvb-cÖvq gvb
 kZKiv ÎæwU =  100 e¨vL¨vt
cÖK…Z gvb
7
10.40 − 10 wmwjÛv‡ii ˆ`N©¨, 𝐼 = 22 𝑚
=  100% = 3.84%
10.40
wmwjÛv‡ii AvqZb, 𝜋𝑟 2 𝐼 = 4𝑚3
9. 1 gvBj I 1 wK‡jvwgUvi `~i‡Z¡i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wgUv‡i 4 4×22
ev, 𝜋𝑟 2 = 1 =
KZ? [‡gwW‡Kj 17-18] 7
22 2 22
K. 629 m L. 906 m ev, ×𝑟 = ×4
7 7
M. 960 m 2
ev, 𝑟 = 4
N. 609 m ∴ 𝑟 = 2 ∴ 2𝑟 = 4𝑚.
DËi : N. 13. fvwb©qvi †¯‹j w`‡q me©wb¤œ KZ GKK ch©šÍ gvcv hvq?
e¨vL¨vt 1𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒 = 1760 × 3 × 12𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ [‡gwW‡Kj 11-12]
1760 × 3 × 12 × 2.54𝑐𝑚 K. wgwjwgUvi L. b¨v‡bvwgUvi
=
1760×3×12×2.54
𝑚;
1760×3×12×2.54
km M. gvB‡µvwgUvi N. ‡mw›UwgUvi
1000 100×1000
DËi : K.

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ

NCTB Aby‡gvw`Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© eBmg~‡ni Abykxjbxi Important MCQ mg~n

W. Avwgi †nv‡mb Lvb m¨vi

1| ¯^Ztwm× ev ¯^xKvh© Kx?
(a) MvwYwZK kw³ (b) †Kv‡bv aviYv ZË¡ (c) ˆewjK
cix¶vq cÖgvwYZ (d) cix¶‡Yi mvi-ms‡¶c
DËi: (b)
2| ZË¡ Kx wel‡qi Ici wfwË K‡i M‡o I‡V?
(a) ùxwZ (b) AbyKi (c) AbywgwZ (d) c×wZ
DËi: (b) Abyß
3| 1 gvBj I 1 wK‡jvwgUvi `~i‡Z¡i cv_©K¨ wgUv‡i
KZ n‡e?
(a) 0.609m (b) 6.09m (c) 60.9m (d) 609m
DËi: (d) 609
4| cigvYy mg¯Í ab Avavb Ges fi Gi †K‡›`ª Aew¯’Z
GB ZË¡ †K Dc¯’vcb K‡ib?
(a) iv`vi‡dvW© (b) M¨vwjwjI (c) AvBb÷vBb (d)
g¨v· cø¨v¼
DËi: (a) iv`vi‡dvW©
5| Zwor Pz¤^Kxq Zi½ ZË¡ Avwe®‹vi K‡ib?
(a) iv`vi‡dvW© (b) wbDUb (c) g¨v·I‡qj (d)
AvBb÷vBb
DËi: (c) g¨v·I‡qj
6| †Kvb weÁvbx K¨vjKzjvm Avwe®‹vi K‡ib?
(a) AvBb÷vBb (b) M¨vwjwjI (c) Ugvm Bqs (d)
wbDUb
DËi: (d) wbDUb
7| Òfi I kw³ mgZzj¨Ó- †Kvb weÁvbxi AwfgZ?
(a) wbDUb (b) M¨vwjwjI (c) AvBb÷vBb (d)
d¨viv‡W
DËi: (c) AvBb÷vBb
8| †Kvb n‡Z kw³i wewKiY wbiwe”Qvwfv‡e N‡U bv—
GB Z‡Ë¡i cÖe³v †K?
(a) jW© iv`vi‡dvW© (b) AvjevU© AvBb÷vBb (c)
g¨v· cø¨v¼ (d) gvB‡Kj d¨viv‡W
DËi: (c) g¨v· cø¨v¼
9| wb¤œwjwLZ †Kvb weÁvbx †Kvqv›Ug Z‡Ë¡i aviYv‡K
m¤cÖmvwiZ K‡ib?
(a) gvB‡Kj d¨viv‡W ' (b) AwjevU© AvBb÷vBb (c)
g¨v· cøv¼ (d) wbDUb
DËi: (b) AvjevU© AvBb÷vBb
10| AwbqwgZ (random) ÎæwU Kx ai‡bi ÎæwU?
(a) hvwš¿K ÎæwU (b) ew³MZ ÎæwU (c) (a) I (b)
Dfq ai‡bi µwU (d) Dc‡ii †Kv‡bvwUB bq
DËi: (c) (a) I (b) Dfq ai‡bi ÎæwU
11| hw` 𝑣 = `ªæwZ, 𝑟 = e¨vmva© Ges 𝑔 =
AwfKl©R Z¡iY nq, Zvn‡j wb‡gi †Kvb ivwkwU gvÎvnxb?
𝑣2𝑟 𝑣2𝑔 𝑣2
(a) (b) (c) 𝑣 2 𝑟𝑔 (d) 𝑟𝑔
𝑔 𝑟
𝑣2
DËi: (d) 𝑟𝑔
12| GKwU ‡Mvj‡Ki cwigvc¨ e¨vmva© (2.5 ± 0.2)
cm n‡j Gi AvqZb cwigv‡ci kZKiv µwU KZ?
(a) 0:08% (b) 024% (c) 4% (d) 24%
DËi: (d) 24%
13| GKwU Av`k© ev hyw³c~Y© AvPiY wfwË hvi mv‡c‡¶
Ab¨vb¨ welq Zzjbv, wePvi we‡klY I cwigvY Kiv nq Zv‡K
Kx e‡j?
(a) m~Î (b) bxwZ (c) AbyKí (d) ¯^xKvh©
DËi: (b) bxwZ
14| Av‡jvK el© Kx‡mi GKK?
(a) mgq ' (b) `~iZ¡ (c) Z¡iY (d) †eM
DËi: (b) `~iZ¡ |
15| cix¶v Øviv cÖgvwYZ AbyKí‡K e‡j-
(a) bwZ (b) ¯^xKvh© (c) m~Î (d) ZË¡
DËi: (c) m~Î
16| †d‡ivwgUv‡ii e„ËvKvi †¯‹‡ji ‡gvU fvM msL¨v
50| cvK Nyiv‡j ˆiwLK †Q‡j miY nq 05mm| jwNô
MYb KZ?
(a) 0.01mm (b) 0.01 cm (c) 0.25mm (d)
0.50mm
DËi: (a) 0.01mm
17| †Kvb `ywU †fŠZ RM‡Zi Dc`vb?
(a) mgq I Z…Y (b) fi I ¯’vb (c) ¯’vb I †eM (d)
fi I ZvcgvÎv
DËi: (b) fi I ¯’vb
18| cwigv‡c abvÍK I FYvZ¥K Dfq cÖKvi ÎæwU nq
†Kvb Kvi†Y?
(a) h‡š¿i (b) cwi‡ekMZ (c) ZË¡xq (d) e¨w³MZ
DËi: (a) h‡š¿i
19| 'cÖavb †j cvV M, fvwb©qvi cvV V Ges fvwb©qvi
aªæe 𝑉𝑐 ˆ`N¨© L wbY©‡qi m~Î-

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
(a) L = M + Vc (b) L = MV + Vc (c) L= 𝑟 2 𝑟2
(a) 𝐴 = 𝜋 (2) 𝑚2 (b) 𝐴 = 𝜋 𝑚3
MVc + V (d) L= M + V × 𝑉𝑐 2
𝑑 2
DËi: (d) L= M + V × 𝑉𝑐 (c) 𝐴 = 𝜋 ( 2 ) 𝑚2 (d) 𝐴=
20| V = mgxKi‡Y r-Gi gvb cwigv‡c hw` 2% µwU 𝑑3
nq, Z‡e V wbY©‡q ÎæwU n‡e— 𝜋 𝑚2
2
(a) 1% (b) 2% (c) 4% (d) 6% 𝑑 2
DËit (c) 𝐴 = 𝜋 ( 2 ) 𝑚2
DËi: (d) 6%
31| †Mvj‡Ki AvqZb wbY©‡qi m~Î n‡jv-
21| †KvbwU †gŠwjK ivwk bq? 1 4 1
(a) Zwor wefe (b) ZvcgvÎv (c) `xcb ZxeªZv (d) (a) 6 𝜋𝑟 3 (b) 3 𝜋 𝑑 3 (c) 𝜋𝑑3
6
3
c`v‡_©i cwigvY (d) 4 𝜋𝑟 3
DËi: (a) Zwor wefe 1
DËit (c) 6 𝜋𝑑 3
22| †dvUb KwYKvi kw³ 𝐸 = ℎ𝑣 †hLv‡b v =
32| †Kvqv›Uvg Z‡Ë¡i RbK †K?
K¤cv¼ Ges h = cø¨v¼ aªæeK| h-Gi gvÎv †Kvb ivwkwUi
gvÎvi mgvb? (a) AvBb÷vBb (b) g¨v·I‡qj
(a) ˆiwLK NvZ (b) ˆiwLK fi‡eM (c) Z¡iY (d) (c) cø¨v¼ (d) nvB‡mbevM©
†KŠwYK fi‡eM DËit (c) cø¨v¼
DËi: (d) †KŠwYK fi‡eM 33| 𝑦 = 𝐴 sin(𝜔𝑡 − 𝑘𝑥) mgxKiYwU‡Z 𝜔 −
23| †Kv‡bv wKQz e¨vL¨vi Rb¨ †h AvbyôvwbK wPšÍv-aviv Gi gvÎv n‡jv-
Zv‡K e‡j- (a) 𝑀0 𝐿𝑇 (b) 𝑀0 𝐿0 𝑇 −1 (c)
(a) ¯^xKvh© (b) ZË¡ (c) AbyKí (d) m~Î 𝑀 𝐿 (d) 𝑀0 𝐿𝑇 −1
0 −1

34| weÁv‡bi wfwËi mvaviY m~θ‡jv‡K Kx ejv nq?

DËi: (c) AbyKí
(a) bxwZ (b) aviYv
24| wb‡Pi †KvbwU ˆ`‡N¨©i S.I GKK?
(c) AbywgwZ (d) ¯^xKvh©
(a) †mw›UwgUvi (b) gvBj (c) wgUvi (d) dzU
DËi: (a) bxwZ
DËi: (c) wgUvi
35| ch©‡e¶Y I cix¶vi gva¨‡gB weÁv‡bi me mZ¨
25| 1 †dg‡UvwgUvi-
hvPvB Kiv DwPZ|' gZev`wU †Kvb weÁvbxi?
(a) 10−18 𝑚 (b) 10−15 𝑚 (c) 10−12 𝑚 (d)
(a) †_wjm (b) iRvi †eKb (c) M¨vwjwjI (d) wbDUb
10−9 𝑚
DËi: (c) M¨vwjwjI
DËi: (b) 10−15 𝑚
26| ch©‡e¶‡Ki Kvi‡Y cv‡V †h ÎæwU Av‡m Zv‡K ejv 36| mwVK Zvrch©c~Y© A¼ msL¨vq 6.75 × 104 𝑐𝑚
nq? Ges: 4.52 × 103 𝑐𝑚 ivwk `ywUi ‡hvMdj
(a) ˆ`e ÎæwU (b) k~b¨ ÎæwU (c) hvwš¿K ÎæwU (d) (a) 7.202 × 104 (b) 72.0 ×
3 5 (𝑑)
e¨w³MZ ÎæwU 10 (c) 0.72 × 10 7.20 ×
3
DËi: (d) e¨w³MZ ÎæwU 10
27| wbw³i mvnv‡h¨ fi cwigv‡c †Kvb µwU cwinvi DËi: (𝑑) 7.20 × 103
Kiv hvq? 37| GKwU `‡Ði cwigvcK…Z ˆ`N¨© 10 cm Ges cÖK…Z
(a) wcQU ÎæwU (b) †j‡fj µywU (c) k~b¨ µwU (d) gvb 10.40 𝑐𝑚 n‡j cwigv‡ci kZKiv µwU KZ?
ch©‡e¶Y ÎæwU (a) 4% (b) 3.84% (c) 0:398% (d) 0:04%
DËi: (b) †j‡fj µwU DËi: (b) 3.84%
28| webv cÖgv‡Y †Kv‡bv wKQz †g‡b †bIqv‡K Kx e‡j? 38| GKwU †Kiv‡wgUv‡ii jwNô aªæe‡Ki gvb 0.01
(a) ZË¡ (b) ¯^xKvh© (c) bxwZ (d) aviYv mm n‡j Gi Øviv ¶z`ªZg KZ †ea gvcv hvq?
DËi: (b) ¯^xKvh© (a) 0.1 mm (b) 0.01 mm (c) 1 mm (d) 0.05
29| wb‡Pi †Kvb ÎæwU ïay RvZxq h‡š¿ _v‡K? mm
(a) e¨w³MZ ÎæwU (b) wbqwgZ µwU (c) wcQU DËi: (b) 0.01 mm
ÎæwU (d) †j‡fj µwU 39| mvaviYfv‡e Kv‡bv wbw`©ó k‡Z© me mgq Kx NU‡e
DËi: (c) wcQU ÎæwU Zvi eY©bv‡K Kx e‡j?
30| Zv‡ii cÖ¯’‡Q‡`i †¶Îdj wbY©‡qi m~Î †KvbwU? (a) bxwZ (b) m~Î (c) aviYv (d) AbyKí
DËi: (a) bxwZ|

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
1
40| GKwU †dvU‡bi kw³ E I K¤cv¼ 𝜐-Gi g‡a¨ (a) xmm (b) (n-1) mm (c)𝑛+1 𝑚𝑚
m¤cK© njv‡ E = 0 -Gi gvÎv †KvbwU? 1
(d) 10𝑛mm
(a) 𝑀𝐿2 𝑇 −1 (b) 𝑀𝐿2 𝑇 −2 (c) 1
2
𝑀𝐿 𝑇 (d) 𝑀𝐿 𝑇 2 2 DËi(d) 10𝑛mm
DËi: (a) 𝑀𝐿2 𝑇 −1 47| GKwU e¯‘i fi 22.42g GK AvqZb 4.2cc|
41| GKwU ¯¬vBW K¨vwjcv‡m©i g~j †¯‹‡ji GKUv fi I 'AvqZb cwigv‡c ÎæwU h_vµ‡g 0.01g Ges 0.1cc
¶z`ªZg Ni = 1 mm| fvwb©qvi Kv‡‡ji 20 Ni = g~j n‡j NbZ¡ cwigv‡c kZKiv ÎæwU KZ?
†d‡ji 16 Ni| ¯¬vBW K¨vwjcvm©wUi fvwb©qvi aªæeK KZ? (a) 22% (b) 0.2% (c) 2%
(a) 0.02mm (b) 0.2mm (c) 0.1mm (d) (d) 002%
0.05mm DËi: (c) 2%
DËi: (b) 0.2mm 48| †j‡fj µwU †Kvb h‡š¿i cwigv‡ci Rb¨ cÖhv‡R¨?
42| hw` L, C I R h_vµ‡g hKxq Av‡ekv¼, (a) ¯Œy MR (b) wgUvi †¯‹j (c)
aviKZ¡ I ‡iva m~wPZ K‡i, Z‡e D`w¯’wZ wbw³ (d) †d‡ivwgUvi|
K¤cv‡¼i gvÎv †h ivwkwUi gvÎv Øviv m~wPZ n‡e Zv DËi: (C) Dcw¯’wZ wbw³
n‡jv 49| GKwU ‡Mvj‡Ki e¨vmva© 𝑅 = (10 ±
1
(a) RL (b)CL (c) 0.1) 𝑐𝑚 n‡j Gi AvqZ‡bi kZKiv µwU KZ?
√𝐿𝐶
(d) RC (a) 1% (b) 2% (c) 3%
DËi: (c)
1 (d) 4%
√𝐿𝐶 DËit (c) 3%
43| GKRb Qv·K '5xiom gv‡ci GKwU NbK 50| MÖn¸jv‡i MwZc_ Dce„ËvKvi GB m~ÎwU †Kvb
†`Iqv n‡jv| IB Nb‡Ki AvqZb n‡e weÁvbxi?
(a) 9.375 × 10−6 (b) 6.25 × 10−4 . (a) U‡jwg (b) †Kcjvi (c) cx_v‡Mvivm
(c) 3.375 × 10−6 (d) 1.755 × 10−6 (d) M¨vwjwjI
DËi: (c) 3.375 × 10−6
1
DËit (b) †Kcjvi|
𝐴2 𝐵2 51| c„w_exi m~‡h©i Pviw`‡K Dce„ËvKvi c‡_ cwiågY
44| 𝑋 = 1 †fŠZ ivwkwUi gvb wbY©‡q A, B, C
𝐶 3 𝐷3 Ki‡Q- GB m~ÎwU †K cÖ`vb K‡ib?
I D- Gi cwigv‡c h_vµ‡g 1%, 2%, 2% 4% ÎæwU (a) wbDUb (b) KcviwbKvm (c) †Kcjvi
n‡j (d) M¨vwjwjI
†Kvb ivwkwU me©vwaK mZ©KZvi mv‡_ cwigvc Kiv DËi: (c) †Kcjvi
DwPZ? 52| cvwLi Dov ch©‡e¶Y K‡i Dov‡Rvnv‡Ri g‡Wj
(a) A (b)B (c) C (d) D ˆZwi K‡ib †K?
45| GKwU Zv‡ii cÖevngvÎv (2.5 ± 0.5)𝐴 Ges (a) ievU© ûK (b) iRvi †eKb (c) wjIbv‡`©v `¨
`yB cv‡í wefe cv_©K¨ (40 ± 1) 𝑉′| ZviwUi ‡iva-- wfw (d) wbDUb
(a) (16 ± 1.0)Ω (b) (16 ± 2)Ω DËi: (c) wjIbv‡`©v `¨ wfw '
(c) (16 + 3)Ω (d) (16 + 53| †Kv‡bv †Mvj‡Ki e¨vmv‡a©i cÖK…Z gvb 3cm Ges
0.5)Ω cwigvc¨ gvb 298 cm| †MvjKwUi AvqZb cwigv‡c
DËi: (b) (16 ± 2)Ω kZKiv µwU KZ?
46| GKwU ¯¬vBW K¨vwjcv‡m©i fvwb©qvi †¯‹‡ji n fvM
(a) 0:02% (b) 0:066% (c) 0 66%
g~j †¯‹‡ji (𝑛 − 1) fv‡Mi mv‡_ wg‡j hvq| g~j †¯‹‡j (d) 2%
1 fv‡Mi gvb 1mm| h‡š¿i fvwb©qvi aªæeK KZ? DËi: (d) 2%

W. kvnRvnvb Zcb m¨vi

1| wb‡Pi †KvbwU jä ivwk?
(a) ZvcgvÎv (b) fi
(d) K¤cv¼
DËi: (d) K¤cv¼
2| cybive„wËK ÎæwU †KvbwU?
(a) ¯Œy M‡Ri k~b¨ ÎæwU (b) `„wóåg iæwU
(c) mgq (c) AwbqwgZ ÎæwU (d) mvgwMÖK ÎæwU
DËi: (a) ¯Œy M‡Ri k~b¨ ÎæwU
3|GK Av‡jvK el© n‡jv

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
(a) 9.4 × 1012 km (b) 9.4 × 1015 𝑘𝑚 8| GKwU ivwki cÖK…Z gvb I cwigvc¨ gv‡bi
(c) 9.4 × 1018 𝑘𝑚 (d) 94 × cv_©K¨‡K e‡j
21
10 𝑘𝑚 (a) cig µwU (b) mvgwMÖK ÎæwU (c) Av‡cw¶K ÎæwU
DËi: (a) 9.4 × 1012 km (d) cybive„wËK µwU
4| wb‡Pi †KvbwU 1GHz I 1MHz-Gi Abycv‡Zi DËi: (a) cig ÎæwU
mgvb? 9| Av‡cw¶K µwU I kZKiv ÎæwUi g‡a¨ m¤cK©
(a) 109 (b) 106 (c) 103 (a) kZKiv ZzwU = Av‡cw¶K, µwU 𝑥 100%
(d) 10−3 (b) kZKiv µwU = Av‡cw¶K ÎæwU 𝑥 100%
DËi: (c) 103 (c) Av‡cw¶K ÎæwU = kZKiv µwU 𝑥 100%
5| wc‡Kv (p) †KvbwU? (d) Av‡cw¶K ÎæwU = kZKiv ÎæwU 𝑥 100%
(a) 10−12 (b) 109 (c) 10−9 DËi: (b) kZKiv ÎæwU = Av‡cw¶K ÎæwU 𝑥 100%
−12
(d) 10 10| †Kv‡bv wKQz m¤c‡K© mwVK Dcjwä ev
DËi: (𝑑)10−12 ev‡a‡Mvg¨Zv‡K Kx e‡j?
6| †Kv‡bv ‡Mvjxq Z‡ji eµZvi e¨vmva© wbY©q Kivi (a) aviYv (b) m~Î (c) bxwZ
Rb¨ †Kvb mgxKiYwU e¨eüZ nq? (d) ZË¡
𝑑 ℎ 𝑑2 ℎ
(a) 𝑅 = ℎ + 2 (b) 𝑅 = + 2 (c) 𝑅 = DËi: (a) aviYv
2
𝑑2 ℎ 𝑑2 4 11| GK‡Ki mwVK µg †KvbwU?
+ 2 (d) 𝑅 = 12 + 𝑑 (a) cvi‡mK > †gMvwgUvi > G¨vs÷ªg> Avjv‡K eQi
6ℎ
𝑑2 ℎ
DËi: (c) 𝑅 = 6ℎ + 2 (b) Avjv‡K eQi > cvi‡mK >‡gMvwgUvi > G¨vs÷ªg
7| c`v‡_©i cwigv‡ci Gm, AvB, GKK n‡jv (c) cvi‡mK> Avjv‡K eQi > †gMvwgUvi > G¨vs÷ªg
(a) A¨vw¤cqvi (b) K¨v‡Ûjv (c) ‡gvj (d) G¨vs÷ªg > cvi‡mK > †gMvwgUvi> Avjv‡K eQi
(d) wK‡jvMÖvg DËi: (c) cvi‡mK > Avjv‡K eQi > †gMvwgUvi >
DËi: (c) ‡gvj G¨vs÷ªg

W. Zdv¾j ‡nv‡mb m¨vi

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
1| cigvYyi aviYv me©cÖ_g †K cÖ`vb K‡ib?
(a) wbDUb (b) WvjUb (c) †W‡gvwµUvm (d) AvwK©wgwWm
DËi: (c) †W‡gvwµUvm
2| m~h©‡Kw›`ªK †mŠiRM‡Zi aviYv me©cÖ_g †K cÖ`vb K‡ib?
(a) †Kvcvwb©Kvm (b) M¨vwjwjI(c)†Kcjvi(d)UvB‡Kveªv‡n
DËi: (d) UvB‡Kveªv‡n
3| Av‡jvK m¤cwK©Z me©‡kl gZev` †KvbwU?
(a) KYv (b) Zi½ (c) †Kvqv›Uvg (d) ZvwoZ †PŠ¤^K,
DËi: (c) †Kvqv›Uvg
4| 'Second' Kx ai‡bi GKK?
(a) KwíZ (b) mej (c) jä (d) †gŠwjK
DËi: (d) †gŠwjK
5| kw³i GKK †KvbwU?
(a) Watt (b) Newton (c) Watt-h (d) Newton/m
DËi: (c) Watt-h
6| SI c×wZ‡Z Pv‡ci GKK †KvbwU?
(a) mm of Hg (b) atm (c) torr (d) Pascal
DËi: (d) Pascal
7| 𝑚1 I 𝑚2 f‡ii `ywU e¯‘i g‡a¨ gnvKl©xq AvKl©Y ej F Ges Kš‘؇qi `~iZ¡ r n‡j Zv‡`i g‡a¨ m¤cK©, F 0
𝐺𝑚1 𝑚2
; 𝐺 †K gnvKl©xq aªæeK
𝑟2
ejv nq| G Gi gvÎv mgxKiY n‡e:
(a) [𝑀−1 𝐿3 𝑇 −2 ] (b) [𝑀−1 𝐿3 𝑇 −1 ] (c) [𝑀−1 𝐿−1 𝑇 −2 ] (d) [𝑀−2 𝐿−2 𝑇 −2 ]
−1 3 −2
DËi: (a) [𝑀 𝐿 𝑇 ]
8|[𝑀𝐿𝑇 −1 ] hvi gvÎv mgxKiY, Zv nj:
(a) ¶gZv (b) fi‡eM (c) ej (d) Ø›Ø
DËi: (b) fi‡eM
9| ¶gZvi gvÎv mgxKiY nj:
(a) [𝑀𝐿2 𝑇 −3 ] (b) [𝑀2 𝐿𝑇 −2 ] (c) [𝑀𝐿2 𝑇 −1 ] (d) [𝑀𝐿𝑇 −1 ]
2 −3
DËi: (a) [𝑀𝐿 𝑇 ]
10| †KŠwYK fi‡e‡Mi gvÎv mgxKiY nj:
(a) [𝑀𝐿2 𝑇 −3 ] (b) [𝑀2 𝐿𝑇 −2 ] (c) [𝑀𝐿2 𝑇 −1 ] (d) [𝑀𝐿𝑇 −1 ]
DËi: (b) [MuT']
11| †KvbwU †gŠwjK GKK bq?
(a) fi (b) †eM (c) ˆ`N¨© (d) mgq
DËi: (b) †eM|
12|1 MeV Gi mgZzj¨ nj:
(a) 1.6 × 10−22 𝐽 (b) 1.6 × 10−19 𝑗 (c) 1.6 × 10−16 𝑗 (d) 1.6 × 10−13 𝑗
−13
DËi: (d) 1.6 × 10 𝑗
13| A I B `ywU ivwki gvÎv ev GKK wfbœ n‡j, wb‡Pi †Kvb m¤cK©wU MvwYwZKfv‡e MÖnYhv‡M¨ n‡e:
𝐴
(a) 𝐵 (b) A + B (c) A - B (d) A = B
DËi: (a)
14| GKwU AMÖMvgx Zi‡½i mgxKiY‡K 𝑦 0 𝐴 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (𝜔𝑡 − 𝑘𝑟) cÖKvk Kiv hvq| mgxKi‡Y 𝜔/𝑘 Gi gvÎv ev GKK
n‡e:

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
(a) K¤cv¼ (b) †eM (c) Zi½‰`N¨© (d) †e‡Mi wecixZ
DËi: (b) †eM
15| Pv‡ci gvÎv mgxKiY nj:
(a) [𝑀𝐿𝑇 −2 ] (b) [𝑀𝐿−1 𝑇 −2 ] (c) [𝑀𝐿2 𝑇 −2 ] (d) [𝑀𝐿𝑇]
−1 −2
DËi: (b) [𝑀𝐿 𝑇 ]
16| wb‡Pi †Kvb †Rvo ivwki gvÎv GKB:
(a) ej I KvR
(b) KvR I kw³
(c) ej I UK©
(d) KvR I ¶gZv
DËi: (b) KvR I kw³ |
17|1 wgUvi ˆ`N¨© Kr6 Gi KZ¸‡jv Zi½‰`N¨© Av‡Q ?
(a) 1553764.13 wU (b) 1650763.73 wU (c) 2348123.73 wU (d) 652169.63 wU
DËi: (b) 1650763.73 wU
18| GK b¨vbv‡wgUvi nj:
(a) 109 cm (b) 10−6 𝑐𝑚 (c) 10−7 𝑐𝑚 (d) 10−9 𝑐𝑚
−7
DËi: (c) 10 𝑐𝑚
19| CGS c×wZ‡Z cvwbi NbZ¡ 1gm/cm n‡j SI c×wZ‡Z cvwbi NbZ¡ n‡et
(a) 10−3 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 (b) 1𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 (c) 103 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 (d) 106 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
DËi: (c) 10kg/m
20| wb‡Pi †Kvb ivwkq †f±i ivwk?
(a) Z¡iY, `ªæwZ (b) miY, †eM (c) fi, mgq (d) ¶gZv, IRb
DËi: (b) miY, †eM
21| †Kvb mv›`ª c`v‡_©i †fZi w`‡q V †e‡M MwZkxj e¯‘i MwZi weiæ‡× †h evav ej KvR K‡i
Zvi mgxKiY 𝐹 = 𝑘𝑣 2 n‡j k Gi gvÎv n‡e
(a) [𝑀𝑇 −2 ] (b) [𝑀𝐿−1 ] (c) [𝑀𝐿2 𝑇 −3 ] (d) [𝑀𝐽−1 ]
−1
DËi: (b) [𝑀𝐿 ]
22|Pv‡ci gvÎvi mv‡_ wb‡¤œi †h ivwkwUi gvÎvi wgj Av‡Q Zv njt
(a) GKK AvqZ‡b ej (b) GKK AvqZ‡b kw³ (c) ej (d) kw³
DËi: (b) GKK AvqZ‡b kw³
23| hw` ˆ`N¨© Ges e‡ji GKK 4 ¸Y Kiv nq Z‡e kw³i GKK
(a) 4 ¸Y evo‡e (b) 16 ¸Y evo‡e (c) 8 evo‡e (d) AcwiewZ©Z _vK‡e
DËi: (b) 16 ¸Y evo‡e
24| †h †fŠZ ivwk¸jv‡i gvÎv GK bq †m¸jv‡ n‡jv-
(a) wK Ges KvR (b) fi‡eM Ges cøvsK aªæeK
(c) cxob Ges Bqvs ¸YvsK (d) `ªæwZ Ges (∈ 0𝜇0)
DËi: (b) fi‡eM Ges cøvsK aªæeK
𝑑𝑙
25| †Kvb KzÐjx‡Z Avweó wefe V KzÐjx‡Z ¯^Kxq Av‡ek ¸Yv¼ L n‡j Kvi g‡a¨ m¤cK© njt 𝑉 = − 𝐿 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑙
†hLv‡b 𝑑𝑡 n‡j KzÐjx‡Z cÖevngvÎvi cwieZ©‡bi nvi L Gi GKK n‡et
(a) Volt/Ampere (b) Joule/Ampere
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑡−𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑
(c) 𝐴𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑒 (d) Volt-Ampere/second
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑡−𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑
DËi: 𝐴𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑒

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
26| [𝑀𝐿−1 𝑇 −1 ] hvi gvÎv mgxKiY Zv njt
(a) KvR (b) UK© (c) ˆiwLK fi‡eM (d) mv›`ªZv¼
DËi: (d) mv›`ªZv¼
27| wb‡Pi †Kvb †Rvov ivwki gvÎv GKB bqt
(a) †KŠwYK fi‡eM Ges cø¨v¼ aªæeK (b) RoZvi åvgK Ges e‡ji åvgK
(c) KvR Ges UK© (d) e‡ji NvZ Ges fi‡eM
DËi: (b) RoZvi åvgK Ges e‡ji åvgK .
28| GKwU ÷c Iqv‡Pi jwNó Mbbv †m‡KÐ GKwU mij‡`vj‡Ki 20wU †`vj‡Ki mgqKvj 25 †m‡KÐ| GB ch©‡e¶‡Y
fz‡ji m‡e©v”P gvb
(a) 0.8% (b) 1% (c) 8% (d) 16%
DËi: (a) 0.8%
29| GKwU †Kv‡ivwgUv‡i PµvKvi †¯‹‡ji fvM msL¨v 250wU Ges PµvKvi †¯‹‡ji GKevi c~Y© N~Y©‡b GKwU ˆiwLK †Rj
eivei 0.625cm AwZµg K‡i| †®‹v‡ivwgUviwUi jwNó Mbb n‡et
(a) 2.5 × 10−2 cm (b) 2.5 × 10−3 𝑐𝑚 (c) 4 × 10−4 𝑐𝑚 (d) 2.5 ×
−4
10 𝑐𝑚
DËi: (d) 2.5 × 10−4 cm
30| GKwU cv‡Zi ˆ`N¨© (5 ± 0.1)cm Ges cÖ¯’ (2 ± 0.01)𝑐𝑚 n‡j cv‡Zi †¶Îdj
(a) (10±0.25)cm (b) (10 ± 0.1)cm (c) (10 ± 0.01)cm (d) (10 ± 0.001)cm
DËi: (a) (10±0.25)cm
31| GKwU e‡Ki ˆ`N¨©, cÖ¯’ I D”PZv h_vµ‡g (10 ± 0.1)𝑐𝑚2 (1 ± 0.01)𝑐𝑚2 Ges (0.1 ± 0.001)𝑐𝑚2
eKwUi AvqZb wbY©‡qi me‡P‡q m¤¢ve¨ (KZ fzj n‡e?)
(a) ±0.111𝑐𝑚3 (b)±0.03𝑐𝑚3 (c) ±0.024𝑐𝑚3 (d) ±0.012𝑐𝑚
3
DËi: (b)±0.03𝑐𝑚
32| GKRb QvÎ †`vj‡Ki ˆ`N¨© 1.351m Ges Zvi nvZNwo e¨envi K‡i †`vjKwUi 30wU c~Y© †`vj‡b 2 wgwbU 10
†m‡KÐ cwigvc Kij| AwfKl©R Z¡iY g wbY©‡q †h µwU n‡e-
(a) 1.813% (b) 1.72% (c) 1.63% (d) 1.513%
DËi: (c) 1.63%
33| GKwU ‡Mvj‡Ki e¨vmva© (2.5 ± 0.2)𝑐𝑚 n‡j ‡Mvj‡Ki AvqZb wbY©‡q kZKiv µwU
(a) 24% (b) 11% (c) 9% (d) 7%
DËi: (a) 24%

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc

 QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ

ইনমিমনয়াম িং পার্থ
MCQ

1. e‡ji gvÎvi mgxKiY †KvbwU? [RUET 12 − 13]

A. [MLT −2 ] B. [MLT] C. [MLT −1 ]
D. [MLT −3 ]
Ans: A ej = fi  Z¡iY= [M][LT −2 ] = [MLT −2 ]
2. ej I kw³i gvÎv h_vµ‡g: [BUET 09 − 10]
A. LT −2 and MLT −2 B. MLT −2 and ML2 T −2
C. LT −2 and ML2 T −2 D. MLT −2 and ML−2 T −3
Ans: B
3. GKwU ¯øvBW K¨vwjcv‡m©i cÖavb †¯‹‡ji 39 fvM fvwY©qvi †¯‹‡ji 40 fv‡Mi mgvb| cÖavb †¯‹‡ji GK
fv‡Mi gvb 1.00mm| fvwY©qvi aªæeK KZ? [KUET 06 − 07]
A. 0.010 mm B. 0.020 mm C. 0.025 mm
D. 0.100 mm
39
Ans: C fvwb©qvi †¯‹‡ji 1 fv‡Mi gvb = mm = 0.975 mm
40
fvwb©qvi aªæeK = (1 − 0.975)mm = 0.025 mm

লেকচার শীট †fŠZ RMr I cwigvc