Chapter 12 / Lesson 3

Science – Using Energy and Heat

Question answers in book, Pgs. 216 - 224 Grade: 7

1. Explain Pg. 216…..What are the three points of the kinetic molecular theory?
a. All matter is made of particles.
b. Particles are always in movement.
c. Particles always collide or pump with each other and with the walls of the
container they are trapped in.

2. State, Pg. 217…..What temperature scale do most scientists use?

Most scientist use the Celsius (°C) scale

3. Identify, Pg. 217…..As temperature rises, what happens to the particles in the
material?
The particles begin to move faster

5. Recognize, Pg. 218 …… When average kinetic energy increases, temperature_____.

(circle the correct answer).
a. Increases
b. Decreases
c. Stabilizes
The correct answer is: a …increases.

6. Define, Pg. 219…..What is heat?

It is the movement of thermal energy from a region of higher temperature to a
region of lower temperature.

7. Explain, Pg. 219…….When does thermal equilibrium occur?

When the temperatures of two materials that are in contact are the same.

8. Identify, Pg. 219…… What process transfers thermal energy from the burner to the
pan?
Conduction

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9. Recognize, Pg. 220……. In a pot of water being warmed on a stove, why does the
water move from the top of the pot to the bottom?
The water on the bottom of the pan undergoes thermal expansion and becomes
less dense that the water above it. The denser water sinks, and forces the less
dense, warmer water to rise upward.

10.Name, Pg. 220……In what 3 ways is thermal energy transferred?

a. Conduction
b. Convection
c. Radiation
11.Summarize, Pg. 220…..What happens to a substance when it melts?
It changes its state from solid to liquid.

12.Explain, Pg. 221…….Why does water become a solid when it is placed in a freezer?
Thermal energy is being removed from the water, the particle of water molecules
will vibrate at a slower and slower rate. When the temperature of the water
reaches O°C, the water begins to freeze.

13.Recognize, Pg.221….What is a change of state?

When thermal energy increases or decreases, the material changes its state of
matter. Example: when water freezes it changes from liquid to solid, or when water
boils, it changes from liquid to gas.

14.Identify, Pg. 221…..What are the two ways in which liquids vaporize?
Boiling and Evaporation

15.Define, Pg. 222…..What causes dew on flowers and grass in the morning?
When water vapour changes from gas to liquid overnight, it condenses on grass and
flowers in the early morning hours.

16.Name, Pg. 222…….three changes of state that occur because thermal energy is
removed from a substance.
a. Freezing
b. Condensation
c. Deposition

17.Name, Pg. 223…… two commonly used items that are known as thermal insulators.
a. Wood
b. Plastic
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 c. Rubber
18.Contrast, Pg. 223……How do thermal conductors differ from thermal insulators?
Thermal conductors allow heat and electricity to pass through them, while thermal
insulators resist or do not allow the flow of heat and electricity through them.

Pg. 224
2. indicate what could occur when thermal energy is added or removed from a
substance by writing the letter of the action in the correct box of the graphic
organizer. You may need to use the answer(s) more than once.

a. change of state d. higher kinetic energy

b. lower kinetic energy e. thermal expansion
c. thermal contraction f. particles move faster

Thermal energy is added to a Thermal energy is removed from a

substance substance

d+f+e+a b+c+a