Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Computer Security 15.1,2,3
Computer Security 15.1,2,3
Computer Security 15.1,2,3
15.1 Consider the risk to “integrity of customer and financial data files on system” from
Problem 14.2. From the list shown in Table 15.3, select some suitable specific controls
that could reduce this risk. Indicate which you believe would be most cost effective.
Protecting Customer and Financial Data from Worms and Viruses
The security of customer and financial data is of utmost importance for businesses, particularly
in the accounting industry. The potential impact of a worm or virus corrupting these files can
result in financial losses, reputational damage, and even legal liabilities. Therefore, it is crucial to
implement effective security measures that are both affordable and practical. In this article, we
will explore some key control measures outlined in the updated table 5.3 to protect against such
1. Access Control
Access control serves as the foundation for data protection by ensuring that only
authorized individuals can access and manipulate customer and financial data. By
implementing robust access controls, businesses can significantly reduce the risk of
It is essential to define clear access rights and privileges based on job roles and
Continuous monitoring of user access activities helps detect any anomalies or potential
incident investigations.
Controls aimed at system and information integrity play a vital role in maintaining
accuracy.
Audit trail review plays a critical role in tracking user activities for detecting potential security
breaches.
Regularly reviewing audit trails helps identify suspicious activities, unauthorized access
Having a comprehensive data recovery plan, including backup procedures, data storage
Controls for security assessment and authorization ensure that systems and components
Implementing a rigorous system and services acquisition process that includes security
promptly.
5. Configuration Management
consistency.
Implementing a change control process helps review, approve, and track changes to
The selected security controls strike a balance between effectiveness and cost-
reduce the risk of worms and viruses corrupting customer and financial data. This
To effectively mitigate the risk of unauthorized access and data corruption, organizations
can implement granular access controls like role-based access control (RBAC). By doing
so, they ensure that only authorized individuals have access to sensitive data. This not
only minimizes the potential for human error or malicious activity but also adds
procedures. These guidelines outline expectations regarding data handling and security
protocols. By enforcing these policies through robust access controls, organizations can
protect their data from unauthorized alteration or breaches. This not only saves them from
costly data recovery or remediation efforts but also adds diversity in sentence structures.
Another valuable practice is regularly reviewing audit trails. By analyzing user activities
and potential security breaches, organizations can gain insights into any vulnerabilities or
threats present in their systems. This proactive approach helps them identify and address
issues before they escalate into significant data loss or corruption. The variation in
services to the network is essential. This preventive measure prevents the introduction of
vulnerabilities that could be exploited by worms or viruses. By reducing the risk of costly
data breaches and remediation efforts, organizations can maintain a high level of security
minimizes the risk of vulnerabilities being exploited by attackers. With this approach,
organizations can minimize the need for expensive security audits and remediation efforts
15.2 Consider the risk to “confidentiality of medical records of patients stored on the
hospital server” from “theft/breach of this confidential and sensitive information from
server database,” as discussed in Problem 14.3. From the list shown in Table 15.3, select
some suitable specific controls that could reduce this risk. Indicate which you believe would
The security and confidentiality of patients' medical records stored on hospital servers are of
utmost importance for maintaining patient privacy and the overall integrity of the healthcare
system. Any unauthorized access or breach of this confidential and sensitive information can
their sensitive medical information, expecting it to be kept confidential. A breach of this trust can
result in emotional distress, damage to reputation, and financial loss for the affected individuals.
stringent data privacy laws and regulations, such as HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and
Accountability Act) in the United States. Failure to protect patient data can lead to substantial
3. Financial repercussions: A data breach can impose significant financial burdens on the
hospital due to costs associated with remediation efforts, legal fees, and potential settlements
4. Disruption of operations: A breach in data security can disrupt normal hospital operations,
impacting patient care delivery, compromising the integrity of medical records, and tarnishing
Ensuring robust safeguards are in place to prevent unauthorized access or breaches is crucial for
maintaining patient trust, complying with legal requirements, minimizing financial risks, and
Access Control:
access control measures that incorporate both perplexity and burstiness. By following the
guidelines below, you can generate content that appears to be written by a human while
detecting anomalies and potential breaches. Implementing log retention and reporting
Regularly reviewing audit trails associated with medical record access helps identify
movement of sensitive medical data, implement data loss prevention (DLP) solutions.
Establishing a comprehensive data recovery plan for medical records includes backup
Proper identification and authentication of users accessing medical records are vital for
maintaining security:
personnel accessing medical records. Employ identity and access management (IAM)
To ensure system integrity when dealing with sensitive information such as medical
Establish a clear information security policy outlining specific requirements for handling
and protecting medical records. Implement data integrity checks to ensure accuracy
Implement robust access controls to restrict unauthorized access to the hospital's server
infrastructure. This includes physical access controls, network security controls, and
Cost-Effectiveness:
selected security controls strike a balance between effectiveness and cost without overwhelming
the hospital's resources. Regular risk assessments and reviews help prioritize and optimize
To achieve a cost-effective approach towards securing medical records, consider the following
measures:
Implementing RBAC provides a relatively affordable way to significantly reduce the risk
of unauthorized access.
Regularly reviewing audit trails offers a cost-effective means of detecting potential
Employing strong authentication mechanisms like MFA enhances user access security in
a budget-friendly manner.
15.3 Consider the risk to “integrity of the organization’s Web server” from “hacking and
defacement of the Web server,” as discussed in Problem 14.4. From the list shown in
Table 15.3, select some suitable specific controls that could reduce this risk. Indicate
Ensuring the integrity of an organization's Web server is paramount in maintaining their online
presence and protecting their reputation. The consequences of a compromised Web server can be
severe, including:
1. Website defacement: Hackers have the ability to breach the Web server and replace the
organization's website with malicious or embarrassing content, which can significantly harm
2. Data breaches: Exploiting vulnerabilities in the Web server, hackers can illicitly access
sensitive data such as customer information or confidential business documents. This exposes
hackers can render it unresponsive or cause it to crash. This disrupts the organization's online
distribute malware to unsuspecting visitors. This infects their devices and potentially leads to
widespread damage.
Access Control:
When it comes to access control, there are several guidelines to follow. One important
(RBAC) to restrict access to the Web server and its administrative console. It's crucial to
regularly review and update access permissions based on job roles and responsibilities.
Another key aspect is access control monitoring. This entails continuously monitoring
user access activities related to the Web server administration in order to detect anomalies
and potential breaches. Implementing log retention and reporting mechanisms can
role. It's essential to implement and configure a robust firewall that can filter incoming
network traffic for suspicious activities and potential intrusions. Deploying IDS/IPS
solutions can alert administrators in a timely manner so they can take appropriate action.
threats.
Configuration management
management plan for the Web server, including hardware and software configurations,
change control process ensures that any changes made to the Web server configuration
are reviewed, approved, tracked, and do not compromise security. Regularly backing up
Cost-effectiveness
Considering cost-effectiveness, it's important to strike a balance between effectiveness and cost
when selecting security controls. The chosen controls should provide a strong level of protection
without overburdening resources. Conducting regular risk assessments can help prioritize
document Web server configurations, reducing the risk of misconfigurations that could