The first aid, CPR, AED procedures and protocols in this

lecture are based on the most current

recommendation of responsible medical sources such
as The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
(AAOS). Reviewed by the American College of
Emergency Physician (ACEP) and makes every effort to
ensure that its reviewer are knowledgeable content
expert.

Additional Safety measures may be

required under particular
circumstances.
Meeting OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) Recommendations
Meeting OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) Recommendations
 Prolonged exposure to high temperatures or physical
activity in a hot environment.

Painful involuntary muscle spasms

that occurs suddenly, often after
physical exertion. It often affect the
calves, arms, abdominal muscles,
and back of the leg.
Caused by loss of water and salt through heavy sweating. It
affects those who do not drink enough fluid while working or
exercising in a hot environment.

 Nausea
 Dizziness
 Muscle cramps
 Feeling faint
 Headache
 Heavy sweating
 Fatigue
 Cool, pale or red moist skin
 Dilated pupils
1. Have the victim stop activity and rest in cool place.
2. Remove excess and tight clothing.
3. Encourage the victim if responsive to drink cool water or sports
drink.
4. Have the victim lie down.
5. Apply cool packs to the body but not so much that the victim
begins to shiver.
6. Call or seek immediate medical care if the condition does not
improve within 30 minutes.
7. Children and elderly people should be provided with immediate
medical care.
A life threatening condition in which the body becomes
dangerously overheated. Condition in which the body's heat-
regulating ability becomes overwhelmed and ceases to
function properly resulting in an inability to sweat .

Nausea Confusion
Dizziness Seizures
Muscle cramps Constricted pupil
Feeling faint Dry, hot, red skin
Headache Unresponsive
Fatigue
1. Call or seek immediate medical care.
2. Cool the victim immediately whatever means
possible, immersing the victim up to the chin in cold
water.
3. Cover the head with cold wet towel, accompany by
fanning.
4. If the victims started to have seizures, implement
seizure precautionary measures.
5. If unresponsive and not breathing, start CPR.
Above 37.5*C (99.5*F) to 40*C (104*F) Above 40*C (104*F)
Core temperature can only be determine by rectal, esophageal, and tympanic.
A dangerous condition caused by severe exposure to cold in
which the core body temperature drops approximately to
35*C (95*F). The normal body temperature is 37*C (98.6*F)

Uncontrollable shivering
Confusion, sluggishness
Cold skin even under clothing

No shivering, muscle stiff and rigid

Ice cold skin to touch
Pale, unresponsive
1. Get the victim out of the cold.
2. Prevent heat loss by: replace wet clothing with dry,
cover victim’s head, palcing insulation beneath and
over the victim.
3. Have the victim lie down.
4. If victim is alert and able to sit and swallow, give
him or her warm, sugary, beverages.
5. Seek immediate medical care for severe
hypothermia (rigid muscle, cold skin on abdomen,
confusion, lethargy).