(0318) GS Beginner SB 3

m a r
Gram
e g i n n er
B
3
Unit Components
Student Book
Grammar Station Practice

This section introduces the main Various exercises allow students to
grammar points in the units. It provides reinforce and gradually expand their
clear explanations and charts showing understanding of the grammar rules
grammatical forms, meanings, and that they have learned. This section
usages. There are also corresponding involves correction exercises that train
pictures and simple examples to help students to recognize and correct
students easily understand the basic grammar errors in sentences.
grammar structures and rules that are
presented. Simple check-up exercises
are provided at the bottom of the Grammar in Writing
page. They are helpful in checking This section provides a variety of writing
students’ initial understanding of the types such as letters, diaries, book
key grammar points. reports, advertisements, news reports,
instructions, etc. This allows students to
apply their knowledge of the grammar
Check Up rules in a meaningful context.
Guided exercises and drills are
presented to help students practice
the basic grammar structures. Students Review
get a chance to learn how to properly
At the end of each unit, students
apply the grammar rules through these
have the opportunity to review and
exercies.
internalize what they have learned.
Supplementary Material
Review Test Appendix: Grammar Station

After every four units, students will take a review Grammar charts from each unit’s Grammar Station are
test. These tests aim to access and evaluate students’ included in the back of the book. They allow students
understanding of the grammar points that they have to easily access the book’s main grammar points.
learned.
Contents
Nouns & Sentences Future Tense
01 Jeff reads many books. Parts of a Sentence 6 13 She’ll take a train. Future (Will): Positive & Negative 54
02 I need a lot of sugar. Quantifiers 1: Many / Much / A Lot Of 10 14 Will you call me? Future (Will): Questions 58
03 She has a cup of coffee. Quantifiers 2: Noncount Nouns 14 15 She’s going to be late. Future: Be Going To 62
04 I'm cold and hungry. Conjunctions 18 16 How was the concert? Question Words: How / Why 66
Present Tense Adjectives & Adverbs

05 Andy helps his dad. Present Simple 22 17 The woman is really fast. Adjectives & Adverbs 70
06 I usually eat breakfast. Frequency Adverbs 26 18 Science is easier than math. Adjectives: Comparatives 74
07 Bob is writing a letter. Present Continuous: Positive & Negative 30 19 I am the fastest in my class. Adjectives: Superlatives 78
08 Is Ron watching TV? Present Continuous: Questions 34 20 The ball is behind the box. Prepositions of Place & Movement 82
Past Simple Supplementary Material

09 I was very scared. Past Simple (The Verb Be): Positive & Negative 38 • Review Tests 1 - 5 88 - 97
• Appendix: Grammer Station 98 - 102
10 Was he sick last night? Past Simple (The Verb Be): Questions 42 • Scope & Sequence 103
11 They worked together. Past Simple: Positive & Negative 46
12 Did you dance yesterday? Past Simple: Questions 50

01 Jeff reads many books.
Grammar Station
A Look at the underlined parts and check the correct boxes.
Subject Predicate
1. My dad works for a car company.

Parts of a Sentence
‌ sentence has two main parts: a subject and a predicate.
A 2. The man enjoys swimming.
‌The subject is who or what the sentence is about. It can be a noun or a pronoun.
‌The predicate is what the subject is or does. It is the rest of the sentence after the subject.
3. The sunflowers are tall.
The predicate must have a verb.
4. Uncle James lives in a small town.
Subject (S) Predicate (P) 5. The girl likes the pink dress.
Fish swim.
The basketball players are tall.
Mike is a wonderful cook.
Airplanes fly in the sky. B Match the subjects with the predicates.
The baby wants ice cream. 1 2 3 4
Jeff / reads many books.

(S) (P)
1. You are best friends.
2. Mr. Johnson is a large city.

I / like my puppy.
(S) (P) are good at drawing.
3. Carol and Jane
4. New York exercises every day.

Snakes / are dangerous.
(S) (P)
C Circle and write the verbs in the underlined predicates.

1. I eat healthy food every day. eat
Circle the subject of each sentence.
2. Laura has brown hair and blue eyes. has
1. Our classroom is big. 2. Sally wears glasses.
3. Nick is Jeff’s new friend at school. is
3. Mrs. Kay is kind. 4. Nick and Jack are hungry.
4. My dad washes his car every Sunday. washes
5. We read English newspapers. 6. Your cell phone is new.
7. He likes grapes. 8. They are baseball players. 5. The students learn French once a week. learn
6 Unit 1 7
ech, you can
When you make a spe
Grammar in Writing deliver your message
cle
s.
arly with
subjects and predic ate
A Put a slash between the subjects and the predicates.

1. Susan has many friends. 2. The children play in the park.
Choose and complete the speech.
3. The girl enjoys basketball. 4. Jake’s sister dances well.

Vote for Me!
5. The movie is boring. 6. Lemons are too sour.
Good morning, my fellow students!
My name is Max , and I want to be class president.

B Choose and complete the sentences. Then circle the verbs. I am a hardworking kid and I generally get good grades .
I am good at sports, too!

comic books delicious fish my best friend
These are my plans to make our school better:
1. 2. 1. More fun books in the library!

Vote for Max!
2. More fun time on the playground!
3. More field trips!

Vote for Max! I’ll work for you!
Dave is my best friend . We read comic books .
Thank you for listening.
3. 4.
class president is Max good grades am good at
These are work for I am Vote for
These cookies are delicious . Ann doesn’t like fish .
C Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences. • Complete the chart.
1. The weather bad is. The weather is bad. Subject Predicate
2. Three are penguins on the snow. Three penguins are on the snow. 1. I have many friends. I have many friends.
2. Jenny hates science. Jenny hates science.
3. Penguins is wonderful birds. Penguins are wonderful birds.
3. My brothers are noisy. My brothers are noisy.
4. Have birds wings. Birds have wings.
4. Peaches are delicious. Peaches are delicious.
5. They small shrimp and fish eat. They eat small shrimp and fish. 5. The weather is fine. The weather is fine.
6. Penguins lives in cold places. Penguins live in cold places.
8 Unit 1 9
02 I need a lot of sugar.
Grammar Station
A Choose and write the words in the correct categories.
Count Noncount
dish bread
Quantifiers 1: Many / Much / A Lot Of
Many, much, and a lot of mean a large number or amount. mirror rice
dish bread rice
We use many with plural count nouns and much with noncount nouns.
We use a lot of with both plural count and noncount nouns. money mirror stick stick money
sugar picture roof picture sugar

Count Noun Noncount Noun
rain story meat roof rain
P There are many pens.
many N There aren’t many pens. story meat
Q Are there many pens?
P -
much N There isn’t much water.
B Change the underlined a lot of into many or much.
Q Is there much water?
1. We can see a lot of pictures in the museum. many
P There are a lot of pens. P There is a lot of water.
a lot of N There aren’t a lot of pens. N There isn’t a lot of water. 2. Larry doesn’t drink a lot of water. much
Q Are there a lot of pens? Q Is there a lot of water?
3. Are there a lot of trees in your garden? many
P Positive N Negative Q Question
4. I don’t have a lot of homework today. much
SUGAR 5. The tourists buy a lot of presents. many
C Complete the sentences with many or much.

There are many flowers in our garden. It’s sour. I need a lot of sugar. 1 2 3 4
They need a lot of water. Do you have much sugar?
Circle the correct words.

1. Many people visit the cave on weekends.
1. ( many / much ) questions 2. ( many / a lot of ) snow
2. Stacy doesn’t drink much milk.
3. ( many / a lot of ) bread 4. ( much / a lot of ) rooms
3. There are many postcards in the box.
5. ( many / much ) children 6. ( many / much ) money
4. I don’t have much money today.
7. ( many / much ) juice 8. ( many / much ) animals
10 Unit 2 11
ry, you can
When you write a sto
Grammar in Writing use quantifiers to exp
ress the
amounts of noun s.
A Circle and write the correct quantifiers.

1. Mr. and Mrs. White visit many places. a. many b. much Choose and complete the story with the correct quantifiers and nouns.
2. There is a lot of flour in the bowl. a. many b. a lot of

The Ant and the Grasshopper
3. They watch a lot of movies. a. much b. a lot of
It’s summer. The ant prepares for winter.
4. Do you have much snow in the winter? a. many b. much He carries many seeds on his back.
5. Does Bob have many colored pencils? a. many b. much The grasshopper thinks the ant is a fool.
He dances and plays.
You always do a lot of work . Let’s play together!

B Circle the correct words and complete the sentences.
No. I don’t have much time . I have to do a lot of work .
[a lot of ]
sunglasses cap bread snack T-shirt We have a lot of food here. Come and dance with me!
1 What does Harry have? It’s a cold winter day.
He has 1. ( much / a lot of ) caps and There’s a lot of snow outside. There isn’t
much food . The grasshopper is cold and hungry.
2. ( much / a lot of ) sunglasses .
2 [a lot of ]
He has 3. ( many / much ) T-shirts too.

food (x2) seed work (x2) time snow
3 He also has 4. ( many / much ) snacks
5
4 and 5. ( many / a lot of ) bread .
• Complete the chart.

C Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences.
Sentence Count Noun Noncount Noun
1. We need many cheese. We need a lot of cheese.
There are many children.
Positive I drink a lot of milk every day.
2. There are much roses in my garden. There are many [a lot of] roses in my garden. = There are a lot of children.
Does the house have many [a lot of] rooms? Jane doesn’t have many friends. Bill doesn’t have much money.
3. Does the house have much rooms? Negative
= Jane doesn’t have a lot of friends. = Bill doesn’t have a lot of money.
4. Let’s hurry! We don’t have many time. Let’s hurry! We don’t have much [a lot of] time.
Do you watch many movies? Is there much ink in the bottle?
Sarah doesn’t read many [a lot of] books. Question
5. Sarah doesn’t read much books. = Do you watch a lot of movies? = Is there a lot of ink in the bottle?
6. My aunt drinks a lot of milks. My aunt drinks a lot of milk.
12 Unit 2 13
03 She has a cup of coffee.
Grammar Station
A Circle the correct words.
1. There is a ( piece / can ) of chocolate cake.
Popcorn
2. There is a ( slice / glass ) of water.
Quantifiers 2: Noncount Nouns
3. There are three ( pieces / cans ) of tuna.
‌ can express amounts for noncount nouns using these quantifiers: a cup of, a glass of,
We
a bottle of, a piece of, a slice of, a can of, a bag of, a carton of, etc. 4. There are two ( bottles / pieces ) of juice.
Quantifier Noncount Noun Quantifier Noncount Noun 5. There are two ( cans / cartons ) of milk.
ham / meat 6. There is a ( bag / piece ) of popcorn.
coffee
bread
tea
cheese
hot chocolate
a cup of a slice of pizza
juice tuna B Write the correct words.
water soda
milk soup 1. a glass of lemonade two glasses of lemonade
a glass of wine a can of paint
2. a can of soda three cans of soda
flour
water
sugar pieces
juice
rice 3. a piece of paper ten of paper
ketchup
a bottle of a bag of popcorn
4. a slice of meat four slices of meat
cheese
milk
cake 5. a bottle of ketchup five bottles of ketchup
juice
bread
soup
a piece of paper a carton of
C Choose and write the correct words.

a cup of coffee a bag of flour
bag glass piece slice cup carton

two cups of coffee two bags of flour
1. 2.
a piece of cheese three bags of rice
Match the quantifiers with the correct nouns.

3. 4.
1. a bottle of 2. a cup of 3. a bag of 4. a slice of a carton of soup four slices of ham
5. 6.
a cup of hot
three glasses of water
coffee meat water rice chocolate
14 Unit 3 15
nu, you can
When you make a me
Grammar in Writing express the amounts
of
tifi
noncount
ers.
nouns by using qu an
A Match the quantifiers with the correct nouns and write them.
1. glass tuna a can of tuna Complete the menu using quantifiers.
2. carton water a glass of water

DANNY’S $3, $6, and $9 MENU
3. bag pizza a slice of pizza
$3 / PUMPKIN PIE
4. can milk a carton of milk a slice of
Enjoy pumpkin pie for only $3 with
5. slice flour a bag of flour a glass of milk!
$6 / SPICY COWBOY BURGER
Try our special spicy burger with

B Look at Nelly’s lunch schedule and complete the sentences.
a bottle of orange juice or a can of Coke!
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
$9 / TODAY’S SPECIAL
Enjoy our thick steak with a fried egg, two slices of
bacon, and a cup of hot chocolate!
1. On Monday, Nelly has a tuna sandwich with a bottle of juice. The special comes with a free piece of cheesecake!
2. On Tuesday, she has a pancake with a carton of milk.
3. On Wednesday, she has a piece of cake.
4. On Thursday, she has two slices of pizza with a can of Coke.

5. On Friday, she has some snacks with a cup of hot chocolate.
Quantifier Noncount Noun
a piece of cake / bread / paper / cheese
C Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences. a cup of coffee / tea / hot chocolate
Sue has two slices of bread. a glass of water / milk / juice / wine
1. Sue has two slice of bread.
a bottle of ketchup / water / juice
2. There are three bag rice. There are three bags of rice.
a slice of bread / cheese / meat / ham / pizza
3. May I use a pieces of paper? May I use a piece of paper? a carton of milk / juice / soup
I’ll have a glass of apple juice. a bag of flour / sugar / rice / popcorn
4. I’ll have glass of apple juice.
a can of tuna / soda / paint / soup
5. Here are four can of paint. Here are four cans of paint.
16 Unit 3 17
04 I’m cold and hungry.
Grammar Station
1 2 3 4
Conjunctions
And, but, and or are conjunctions. They connect sentences or parts of sentences.
‌We use and to connect similar ideas, but to connect two different ideas, and or to connect
1. The boy is short, ( and / but ) he is fast.
choices or possibilities.
2. I go to school by bike ( or / but ) by bus.
Conjunction Sentence
3. Tasha’s new dog is black ( and / or ) white.
I am cold. + I am hungry.
and
→ I am cold and hungry. 4. It’s a nice shop, ( and / but ) everything is expensive.
Max likes soccer. + Max doesn’t like baseball.
but
→ Max likes soccer, but he doesn’t like baseball.
Will you have milk? + Will you have juice? B Match to complete the sentences.
or
→ Will you have milk or juice? 1. I need a pen but I don’t have an umbrella.
2. Marie can play the piano, or on the playground?
3. Are they in the classroom or watermelons?
4. It’s raining outside, and a notebook.
5. Do you like melons but she can’t play the violin.

It’s cold and windy outside. I like vegetables, but I don’t like meat.
Let’s play chess or read comic books. I eat tomatoes and carrots for lunch.
C Complete the sentences with and, but, or or.

1. I have a sandwich and a bottle of juice for lunch.
Circle the conjunctions. 2. Is it your bike or your sister’s bike?
1. I want bread and butter. 2. Is it Monday or Tuesday? 3. Carol likes chocolate, but I don’t like it.
3. He is thin but strong. 4. It looks nice but old. 4. Let’s go to the park and feed the birds.
5. Draw a rose or a sunflower. 6. The tower is big and tall. 5. I can swim well, but my sister can’t.
7. My mom and dad go hiking on Sundays. 8. Does Joe like fish or meat? 6. Do you want to be a pilot or an astronaut?
Unit 4 19
18
ctions, you avoid
When you use conjun
Grammar in Writing unnecessary repetitio
n and make your
r.
sentences sound be tte
A Connect the two sentences using conjunctions.

1. I am hungry. + I am thirsty. I am hungry and thirsty. Choose and complete the explanation.
2. Are they tall? + Are they short? Are they tall or short?
A Big Yellow Star
3. The pond is big. + The pond is clean. The pond is big and clean.
4. This jacket is nice. + It’s expensive. This jacket is nice but expensive.
5. I made a box. + She colored it. I made a box and she colored it.
Space is large and wide . The sun is at the center of our solar system.
It gives us heat and light . The earth and other planets go
B Choose and complete the sentences.
around the sun. We must not look at the sun with the naked
1 2 3 4
eye. Sunlight is very strong and hot, so it can hurt our
eyes and skin . Do you want to know about
the moon and stars ? Use your science books
or the Internet. Take your time and enjoy
1. It is sunny, but it’s cold outside .
exploring our solar system!
or Dana’s
2. Is this backpack yours or Dana’s ?
but it’s cold outside
and (×2) and light and wide and skin
3. The movie is funny and exciting . and exciting
strong and hot or the Internet moon and stars
but he doesn’t like soccer
4. Simon likes baseball, but he doesn’t like soccer.

1. You but your sister are tall. You and your sister are tall.
The movie is fun. + The movie is exciting.
and
2. Is your mom’s hair black but brown? Is your mom’s hair black or brown? → The movie is fun and exciting.
3. Turn the handle or open the door. Turn the handle and open the door. but The runner is old. + The runner is fast.
→ The runner is old but fast.
4. Do you like cats or you like dogs? Do you like cats or dogs?
or Does he enjoy hiking? + Does he enjoy fishing?
5. The man is rich, and he is unhappy. The man is rich, but he is unhappy. → Does he enjoy hiking or fishing?
6. Peaches are sweet, or lemons are sour. Peaches are sweet, but lemons are sour.
20 Unit 4 21
05 Andy helps his dad.
Grammar Station
A Complete the sentences in the present simple.
1. keep Jamie keeps a diary.
2. go My dad goes hiking once a month.

Present Simple
3. leave My sister and I leave home at 8:00.
We use the present simple to talk about facts or habits.
‌We use the base verb with I, you, we, or they. We add -s or -es to the base verb with he, she, has
4. have The house a nice view.
or it.
Positive Negative
do not B Complete the negative sentences in the present simple.
I / You / We / They run. I / You / We / They run.
(=don’t) don’t like
1. I like math, but I science.
does not
He /She / It runs. He /She / It run.
(=doesn’t) 2. Helen studies Japanese, but she doesn’t study French.
Yes/No Question Answer 3. Mr. Jones drives a car, but Mrs. Jones doesn’t drive a car.
Do you /we /they run? Yes, I /you /they do. No, I /you /they don’t. 4. We know the tall girl, but we don’t know the tall boy.
Does he /she run? Yes, he /she does. No, he /she doesn’t.
C Complete the dialogues.

1 2 3 4
Andy helps his dad on Saturdays. Dana is Andy’s sister.

He brushes the horses and cleans She plays with the dog. 1. A Do the boys study hard?
them. She doesn’t help her brother. don’t
B No, they . They run around the library.
2. A Does Neil like reading books?

Circle the correct words. B Yes, he does . He is a quiet boy.
cry don’t play 3. A Does Harry like storybooks?

1. The baby at night. 2. The children soccer.
cries doesn’t play B No, he doesn’t . He likes comic books.
Do clean 4. A Does Mrs. Lee need glasses?

3. Kate study hard? 4. Do they their dogs?
Does cleans does
B Yes, she .
22 Unit 5 23
Grammar in Writing When you describe a
daily life, you ca n use
person’s
the
simple presen t.
A Look at Larry’s Wednesday schedule and complete the sentences.
Choose and complete the descriptive writing.
9:00 9:55 10:50 11:45 12:30 1:15

Jessica is a college student. She takes classes every
teach
day, but she also has another job. She does work
volunteer work every evening. On weekdays, she take
Math Music P.E. Science Lunch Art
works at an animal shelter. She takes care of many read
cleans love
1. On Wednesdays, Larry has five classes. kinds of animals. She also the shelter.
have
sing On weekends, she works at the public library. She
2. His math class starts at 9:00. go home
eat teaches English to people, and she reads take care of
3. In his music class, he sings songs. start books to children. She goes home late every night, clean
draw loves
4. He eats lunch in the cafeteria at 12:30. but she really her life.
have
5. He draws pictures in the art room.
B Choose and complete the sentences in the present simple.

1. Sam cleans his room, but he doesn’t wash the dishes.
2. Alice brushes her hair every morning. surf

not / wash
3. I buy books online. I don’t go to the bookstore. brush
live live
4. Do they in an apartment?
not / go • Complete the chart.
5. Do you surf the Internet every day?
Positive Negative Question
We exercise. We don’t exercise. Do we exercise ?

C Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences. You have a pet. You don’t have a pet. Do you have a pet?
Tony lives in New Zealand. Beth and I go. Beth and I don’t go . Do Beth and I go?
1. Tony live in New Zealand.
He has a pet. He doesn’t have a pet. Does he have a pet?
2. He go swimming in summer. He goes swimming in summer.
Amy exercises . Amy doesn’t exercise. Does Amy exercise ?
3. He have a Christmas party in December. He has a Christmas party in December. Your sister goes . Your sister doesn’t go. Does your sister go?
4. His sister doesn’t likes snowboarding. His sister doesn’t like snowboarding.
24 Unit 5 25
06 I usually eat breakfast.
Grammar Station
A Check the correct places for the frequency adverbs.
1. always My mom goes shopping on weekends.
2. usually I am hungry around 12:00.

Frequency Adverbs
Frequency adverbs tell us how often something happens.
3. sometimes Jake studies in the library.
Common frequency adverbs are always, usually, often, sometimes, and never.
4. never It is hot in my hometown.
0% 50% 100%
always
usually
often B Complete the sentences using frequency adverbs.
sometimes 0% 50% 100%
never 1. Your room is always messy.
2. My brothers are usually noisy.

They usually come after the verb be or before action verbs.
3. Tim is often late for class.
The Verb Be + Frequency Adverb Frequency Adverb + Action Verb
Frequency Frequency Action 4. Joe sometimes goes for a walk.
Subject Be Subject
Adverb Adverb Verb
always always
usually usually
Laura is often busy. Laura often eats breakfast. C Complete the sentences using frequency adverbs.
sometimes sometimes
never never Activity Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri
draw cartoons
Lydia’s
How often do you eat Week
go to the library
Lisa never gets up late.
breakfast at home?
She is always busy.
− I usually eat it at home.
play soccer
water the plants
Match the frequencies with the correct frequency adverbs. 1. Lydia always draws cartoons.
0% 50% 100% sometimes goes to the library with her friends.
2. She
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
3. She never plays soccer after school.
often sometimes never always usually 4. She often waters the plants.
26 Unit 6 27
ter, you can
When you write a let
Grammar in Writing use frequency adver
bs to explain
e activities.
how often you do som
A Complete the sentences using frequency adverbs.

1. Joe likes sweets. He often eats chocolate and candy. Complete the letter.
(60%)
2. Steve hates lemons. He never drinks lemonade. Dear Mom and Dad,
(0%)
3. My dad loves cooking. He usually cooks for us. Camp is wonderful! I always get up early and
( get up / always / early )
(80%)
usually have breakfast at 7:00. We always exercise
4. Violet doesn’t like pink much, but she sometimes wear pink clothes. ( breakfast / have / usually ) ( exercise / always )
(40%)
after breakfast. I usually go swimming . We often go
( go / usually / swimming ) ( go / often )
B Complete the dialogues using the frequency adverbs. horseback riding. It’s exciting! I’m especially friendly with Rick.
1. He is sometimes noisy . Rick often goes rafting , but I

A How often does it snow in January? ( noisy / sometimes / is ) ( goes / often / rafting )
never do it . We sometimes have a campfire at night.
B It usually snows in January. ( do / never / it ) ( have / sometimes / a campfire )
(usually) The camp counselors are always kind .
( always / kind / are )
2. I miss you a lot. See you next week.
A How often does Ms. Grace go to America?
sometimes goes to America. Love,

B She
(sometimes) Josh
3.
A How often are the twin brothers noisy?
B They are always noisy.

(always)
4.
A How often does Jack clean his room?
B He never cleans his room.
(never) Frequency Adverbs
0% 50% 100%
1. The boys always play soccer after school.
1
C Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences. usually draws cartoons.
2 2. Linda
1. Joe watches TV often on Sundays. Joe often watches TV on Sundays. 3 3. We often study in the library.
We are usually home at night. 4 4. My little brother is sometimes noisy.
2. We usually are home at night.
5 never
5. I drink lemonade.
3. She drinks never coffee after 9:00. She never drinks coffee after 9:00.
4. Ann sometimes have a pajama party. Ann sometimes has a pajama party.
28 Unit 6 29
07 Bob is writing a letter.
Grammar Station
A Write the -ing forms of the verbs.
1. have having 2. clean cleaning
3. play playing 4. plan planning

Present Continuous: Positive & Negative
5. sit sitting 6. study studying
We use the present continuous to talk about actions happening now.
We use the verb be + verb-ing for the present continuous. 7. swim swimming 8. smile smiling
Positive Negative 9. laugh laughing 10. chase chasing
I am I am not (=’m not)
He /She / It is reading. He /She / It is not (=isn’t) reading.
We / You / They are We / You / They are not (=aren’t)
B Circle the correct words.
1. I am ( wash / washing ) the dishes. 2. Derek is ( make / making ) a kite.
We add -ing to the base verbs to make the present continuous.
3. Lisa and I ( am / are ) studying. 4. She ( not is / is not ) crying.
Base Verb Present Continuous
eat eating 5. Dave is ( running / runing ). 6. We are ( having / haveing ) lunch.
most verbs + -ing
walk walking
7. Sonya is ( swimming / swiming ). 8. I’m ( do / doing ) my homework.
make making
verbs ending in -e e + -ing
smile smiling
verbs ending in double consonant run running
a vowel + a consonant + -ing sit sitting C Complete the sentences in the present continuous.
1 2 3
4
Joan and Tina are walking to school.
They aren’t running.
Bob is writing a letter.

5 6
He isn’t sleeping.
Cross out the wrong -ing forms. 1. I am watching a movie. Be quiet! 2. Molly is running too fast.
(watch) (run)
making joging going danceing 3. We are working in the garden. 4. The man is dancing .
(work) (dance)
running writeing stopping eating siting are painting pictures. is sitting
5. They 6. A cat on a bench.
(paint) (sit)
30 Unit 7 31
y, you can use
When you write a pla
Grammar in Writing the present continuo
us to express
are doing.
what the perform ers
A Complete the sentences in the present continuous.

are singing Complete the play in the present continuous.
1. sing The birds on the branch.
2. not / hit Sean and David are not[aren’t] hitting the balls.
3. write The tourist is writing postcards. Title Johnny Appleseed

4. ride We are riding on a train. Characters Narrator / Johnny Appleseed / Choir / Children
5. not / fix Mr. Forest is not[isn’t] fixing the computer.

Scene 1 (In the forest ) People are looking at the apple trees.
(look at)
Children are eating apples. The narrator is sitting
(eat) (sit)
B Choose and complete the sentences in the present continuous. on a chair. The choir is singing , “Apple juice and
(sing)
applesauce, my sweet apple pie!”
on the floor a skirt a butterfly the guitar
Scene 2 Johnny isn’t wearing shoes. He likes nature. He is planting
(not / wear) (plant)
1 2 3 4 apple seeds everywhere. People are laughing at him.
(laugh)
But he is working hard. He is carrying a lot of apple
(work) (carry)
seeds in his bag.
1. The girl isn’t wearing pants. She is wearing a skirt .
2. Rocky isn’t chasing a dragonfly. He is chasing a butterfly .
3. People aren’t sitting on chairs. They are sitting on the floor .
4. I’m not playing the violin. I am playing the guitar .

Positive Negative
reading . am not reading .
I am I
1. The boat is move. The boat is moving. (read) (=’m not) (read)
dancing . is not dancing .

2. My friends talking loudly. My friends are talking loudly. He /She / It is
(dance)
He /She / It
(= isn’t ) (dance)
3. The train is come into the station. The train is coming into the station. running . are not running .
We / You / They are We / You / They aren’t
(run) (= ) (run)
4. Everybody is run to the station. Everybody is running to the station.
32 Unit 7 33
08 Is Ron watching TV?
Grammar Station
1. A Are you ( write / writing ) a letter?
B No, I’m not. I’m ( draw / drawing ) a picture.

Present Continuous: Questions
2. A ( Is / Are ) Nancy cleaning her room?
To make yes/no questions, we put the verb be before the subject.
To make wh-questions, we put the question words what or where before the verb be. B No. ( She’s / She ) playing in the yard.
Question Answer 3. A Is your sister ( ride / riding ) a bike?

Am I Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. B No. She is ( make / making ) snowballs in the backyard.
Yes/No Are you Yes, I am. No, I’m not.
Question sleeping?
Is he Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
Are they Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
B Complete the questions in the present continuous.
are you I’m eating a sandwich.
What eating?
is he He’s eating fried chicken. 1 2 3 4
Wh-question
are they They’re sleeping in their car.
Where sleeping?
is she She’s sleeping in her bed.
1. take a nap A Is Mr. Todd taking a nap ? B No, he isn’t.
2. make bubbles A Is the girl making bubbles ? B Yes, she is.
3. hit the balls A Are the players hitting the balls ? B Yes, they are.
Is Ron watching TV? Where are they playing? 4. clean the bathroom A Are the girls cleaning the ? B No, they aren’t.
− No, he isn’t. − They are playing on the beach. bathroom
Is he reading a storybook? What are they making?
− Yes, he is. − They are making a sandcastle.
C Complete the questions using what or where.

1. A What is your dad making ? B He’s making a sandwich.
Match the questions with the correct answers.
1. Are you watching TV? Yes, he is. 2. A Where is Amy studying ? B She’s studying in her room.
2. Is he reading a book? No, I’m not. 3. A What are you eating ? B I’m eating apple pie.
3. What is she cooking? They’re swimming. 4. A Where are the boys going ? B They’re going to the park.
4. What are they doing? She’s cooking fish. 5. A What is he reading ? B He’s reading a magazine.
34 Unit 8 35
one call, you
When you make a ph
Grammar in Writing can use the present
continuous to
ening at that
express what is ha pp
A Complete the dialogues in the present continuous. moment.
Are you talking to Brian? I am Complete the dialogue in the present continuous.
1. talk A B Yes, .
2. exercise A Is
your dad exercising in the gym? B No, he isn’t .
3. rain A Is it raining in your town? B Yes, it is .
4. have A Are the students having lunch? B No, they aren’t .
5. plan A Is Ann planning a trip to Italy? B Yes, she is .

It’s Saturday afternoon. Mandy is watching TV. (watch)
She is eating some snacks. (eat) Her phone is ringing . (ring)
B Choose and complete the dialogues in the present continuous.
Hi, Mandy? It’s Simon. What are you doing ? (what / do)
make / an invitation go / to the airport
watch / the ice show jog / in the park I’m watching a funny TV show. Are you watching TV, too? (you / watch)
No, I’m not .

1 2 3 4
What are you doing? Are you writing your English paper? (you / write)
No, I’m not . I’m taking care of my cousins.
I see. What are they doing?
1. A What are the girls watching ? B They are watching the ice show . Jake is eating ice cream, and Joe is …
2. A Where is she jogging ? B She is jogging in the park . Oh, no! They are fighting over the ice cream! (they / fight)
3. A What is Chris making ? B He is making an invitation .
4. A Where are the people going ? B They are going to the airport . • Complete the chart.
Yes/No Question Wh-question
Yes, you are .

C Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences. Am I What are you reading?
No, you aren’t.
Where is the artist going? - I am reading a magazine.
1. Where the artist is going? Yes, they are .
Are they sleeping?
What are they wearing? No, they aren’t .
2. What they are wearing? Where is he drawing?
Yes, it is .
What are Nelly and Ben doing? Is it - He is drawing in the art room.
3. What is Nelly and Ben doing? No, it isn’t .
4. Does your sister sleeping? Is your sister sleeping?
36 Unit 8 37
09 I was very scared.
Grammar Station
1. I ( was / were ) at the beach. 2. She ( was / were ) on the swing.
3. The lady ( was / were ) quiet. 4. It ( was / were ) foggy yesterday.

Past Simple (The Verb Be): Positive & Negative
5. You ( was / were ) weak last year. 6. The show ( was / were ) fun.
We use the past simple to talk about something that happened in the past.
The verb be has two past forms: was and were. 7. My clothes ( was / were ) wet. 8. The plants ( was / were ) small.
‌We often use the past simple with these words: yesterday, last week, last year, etc.
Positive
B Complete the sentences with wasn’t or weren’t.
I was a teacher last year.
1. The tower wasn’t big. 2. The cowboys weren’t scared.
He /She / It was in London last week.
We / You / They were sick yesterday. 3. He wasn’t a basketball player. 4. Hannah wasn’t thin last year.
Negative
5. My shoes weren’t on the shelf. 6. We weren’t angry this morning.
I was not (=wasn’t) a teacher last year.
7. There wasn’t a bakery here. 8. It wasn’t dark in the room.
He /She / It was not (=wasn’t) in London last week.
We / You / They were not (=weren’t) sick yesterday.
C Complete the sentences.

before now
1.
Ken’s parents were in Paris last week.
Dave Bob
They were very busy there.
There was a big storm last night. Bob wasn’t the captain of our team. They are in Rome now.
I was very scared. Dave was the captain.
2.
My sister was sick yesterday.
She was in bed all day.

Check the correct sentences. is
She all right now.
1. I wasn’t at home last night. I’m not at home last night.
3.
2. It was hot last week. It is hot last week. Tim and I were under the tree at noon.
3. We are tired yesterday. We were tired yesterday. We were not bored.
4. He wasn’t tall last year. He weren’t tall last year. We are in the tent now.
38 Unit 9 39
ort about the
When you write a rep
Grammar in Writing past, you can use the
past simple
form of the verb be.
A Complete the sentences in the past simple.

1 2 3 4
Complete the report in the past simple.
Dinosaurs Became Extinct

sunny / cloudy big / small boring / fun huge / small
We can see many dinosaurs in movies. Some dinosaurs
1. It was sunny this morning. It wasn’t cloudy . were really huge and some were small. T. rex
2. My glasses were big before. They weren’t small . was a meat-eating giant. It was very fierce.
was boring wasn’t fun Brachiosaurus and Diplodocus were big and tall,
3. The magic show . It .
but they weren’t meat-eating dinosaurs. They were T. rex
4. This dinosaur was huge . It wasn’t small .
plant eaters. There are no dinosaurs
today. We can just see their bones

B Complete the sentences.
in natural history museums.
Past Present We only know they were
1. Joe was at the birthday party. Joe is at the birthday party. here on Earth a long time ago. Brachiosaurus Diplodocus
They went extinct millions of years ago!

2. There weren’tmany people. There aren’t many people.
What was the reason? Nobody knows for sure!
3. Joe wasn’t hungry. Joe isn’t hungry.
4. Lynn’s cats were under the table. Lynn’s cats areunder the table.
5. Simon was sick yesterday. Simon is sick today.

Positive Negative
I She
was not are
These my vases.
happy yesterday.
Eric was not tired yesterday. was tired last night.
1. Eric not was tired yesterday. He Her dad (= wasn’t )
2. They wasn’t busy last week. They weren’t busy last week. My aunt Ken
was not at home at 7:00.
was busy yesterday.
The actor The boy (= wasn’t )
3. We was not in Canada last month. We were not in Canada last month.
We You
were not in Sydney last year.
were sleepy then.
4. I were in my room after lunch. I was in my room after lunch. They They (=weren’t)
5. You was at the beach yesterday. You were at the beach yesterday.
40 Unit 9 41
10 Was he sick last night?
Grammar Station
1. Was
you tired yesterday?
2. Was
it hot last week?
Were Were
Past Simple (The Verb Be): Questions
To make yes/no questions, we put the verb was or were before the subject. 3. Was 4. Was
he at home at 6:00? she sick last night?
‌To make wh-questions, we put the question words where or who at the beginning of
Were Were
sentences.
5. Was 6. Was
Question Answer Tony and Cindy scared? the books fun?
Were Were
Was I Yes, you were. No, you weren’t.
Yes/No Were you Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t.

Question sick?
Was he Yes, he was. No, he wasn’t.
Were they Yes, they were. No, they weren’t. B Complete the dialogues in the past simple.
were you last night? I was at home. 1. A Was Billy at your birthday party? B No, he wasn’t .
Where
was he this morning? He was at the library.
Wh-question 2. A Were you busy yesterday? B Yes, I was[we were].
was the boy next to you? He was my cousin.
Who
were the girls with Dave? They were his classmates. 3. A Was Larry at home this morning? B No, he wasn’t .
4. A Were the boys hungry? B No, they weren’t .
5. A Was the story interesting? B Yes, it was .
C Complete the dialogues in the past simple using where or who.

Was Mark at the library after school? Where were you after school?
1 2 3 4
− No, he wasn’t. − I was on the playground.
Match the questions with the correct answers.

1. A Where were you after lunch? B I was in the music room.
1. Was Laura busy last week? No, we weren’t.
2. A Who was the boy with glasses? B He was my younger brother.
2. Were you and Joe classmates? He was at camp.
3. Who were the tall men? Yes, she was. 3. A Who were the women? B They were famous singers.
4. Where was Fred yesterday? They were models. 4. A Where was Angela? B She was in the backyard.
42 Unit 10 43
tective story,
When you write a de
Grammar in Writing you can use the past
simple
ing that
to talk about som eth
A Complete the questions in the past simple. happened in the pa st.
Were you shorter last year? Complete the detective story in the past simple.
1. shorter A B Yes, I was.
2. in the hospital A Was he in the hospital last week? B No, he wasn’t.

Mr. Poirot is a famous detective in Agatha Christie’s mysteries.
3. cloudy A Was it cloudy this morning? B Yes, it was. He investigates crimes and finds clues.
He is interviewing a suspect now.
4. tired A Were they tired yesterday? B No, they weren’t. where were
Mr. Higglins, you last night at 11:30?
5. best friends A Were you best friends last year? B Yes, we were. I was at a cafe in Greenwich.
Were you alone there?
No, I wasn’t . I was with two people.

B Choose and complete the answers in the past simple.
Who were they?
in the laundry basket in the swimming pool They were Mr. and Mrs. Johns.
in a cafe my classmate
Are they your friends?
1 2 3 4 No, they aren’t. They were with me
for an interview. I’m a writer for a magazine.
Okay, sir. Thank you for your time.
1. A Who was the boy next to you? B He was my classmate last year.
2. A Where were your parents? B They were in a cafe .
3. A Where were your sneakers? B They were in the laundry .basket

4. A Where was Nick this morning? B He was in the swimming. pool
Yes, she was .

Was Sally she wasn’t Who were the boys?
C Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences. No, .
- They were my cousins.
1. Where was your puppies? Where were your puppies? Were they Yes, they were .
busy?
No, they weren’t .
2. Who were the girl in the pink shoes? Who was the girl in the pink shoes? Where was your umbrella?
Yes, he was .
Was he - It was under the table.
3. Was the books mine? Were the books mine? No, he wasn’t .
4. Were there an old tree in this town? Was there an old tree in this town?
44 Unit 10 45
11 They worked together.
Grammar Station
A Write the past simple forms of the verbs.
1. dance danced 2. cry cried
3. jog jogged 4. cut cut

Past Simple: Positive & Negative
5. make made 6. study studied
‌ usually add -d or -ed to the base verb to make the past form.
We
Some verbs change their forms irregularly. 7. move moved 8. help helped
We put did not before the base verb to make negative sentences.
Positive Negative
B Complete the sentences in the past simple.
I / We / You / They I / We / You / They did not
worked. work. did
He /She / It He /She / It (=didn’t) 1. do The students some volunteer work yesterday.
2. write Benjamin wrote a postcard.

Base Verb Past Simple Verb
walk walked 3. live Uncle Martin lived in Berlin two years ago.
most verbs + -ed
help helped
4. read I read storybooks to children at the library.
move moved
verbs ending in -e + -d
live lived
verbs ending in cry cried
y + -ied
a consonant + -y study studied
C Complete the sentences in the past simple.
verbs ending in double consonant stop stopped
a vowel + a consonant + -ed plan planned 1. ( study / play )
come – came have – had go – went cut – cut studied
Charlie for the exam.
give – gave make – made eat – ate hit – hit
irregular
run – ran lose – lost say – said break – broke He didn’t play baseball.
see – saw tell – told buy – bought read – read
2. ( read / write )
My grandpa read the newspaper.

Henry’s family moved to a new house.
He didn’t write a letter.
Everybody worked together.
Henry put his books on the shelf. 3. ( dance / sing )
Larry danced at the birthday party.

He didn’t sing a song.
Circle the correct past simple forms. 4. ( go / eat )
1. sleeped / slept 2. read / readed 3. danceed / danced Tim and I went to a movie last night.
We didn’t eat dinner at a restaurant.
4. studied / studyed 5. planed / planned 6. maked / made
46 Unit 11 47
wspaper
When you write a ne
Grammar in Writing article about an eve
nt
st,
that
you can
happened in the pa
A Look at the list and complete the sentences. use the past sim ple.
Complete the newspaper article in the past simple.

Last Vacation went
1. Mike to Italy.
go to Italy 2. He made a robot.
make a robot
3. He didn't watch many films.
TORNADOES HIT
watch many films
4. He bought a new camera.
THE MIDWEST
By Joseph Ferry
buy a new camera
run in a half marathon 5. He didn't run in a half marathon.
Tornadoes and heavy thunderstorms hit (hit) the Midwest yesterday.
Strong winds destroyed (destroy) many roads, houses, and bridges. They
knocked (knock) down all the trees there. “The sky was (is) dark for 20
B Complete the sentences. said lost
minutes,” a farmer (say). “People here (lose) everything,”
Past Present Wisconsin Mayor Gary Manier told (tell) our reporter. He described
1. Jenny planned a trip to India. Jenny plans a trip to India. (describe) the scene to CNN’s News Day . A lot of volunteers went (go)
My mom comes there and helped (help) the rescue team. However, they need more helping
2. My mom came home early. home early.
hands.
3. They ate some cheesecake. They eat some cheesecake.
4. The baby didn’t cry loudly. The baby doesn’t cry loudly.
5. My dad arrived yesterday. My dad arrives today.
6. She didn’t study for the exam. She doesn’t study for the exam. • Complete the chart.
Verb Positive Negative
move I moved the boxes. I didn’t move the boxes.

C Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences. cook My mom cooked curry for lunch. My mom didn’t cook curry for lunch.
I bought a soccer ball yesterday. write The children wrote a postcard. The children didn’t write a postcard.
1. I buy a soccer ball yesterday.
read He read a book after dinner. He didn’t read a book after dinner.
2. Lynn wash her dad’s car last Saturday. Lynn washed her dad’s car last Saturday.
come They came back home at 7:00. They didn’t come back home at 7:00.
3. My family gets up early this morning. My family got up early this morning. cut didn’t cut the paper into circles.
cut We the paper into circles. We
4. Susan call me last night. Susan called me last night. eat We ate sandwiches for lunch. We didn’t cut sandwiches for lunch.
5. We watch a magic show last Friday. We watched a magic show last Friday.
48 Unit 11 49
12 Did you dance yesterday?
Grammar Station
1. ( Do / Did ) you watch the movie on TV last night?
2. Did the player ( miss / missed ) the shot?

Past Simple: Questions
3. Did Ms. White ( live / lives ) in Los Angeles?
To make yes/no questions, we put the verb did before the subject.
To make wh-questions, we put question words at the beginning of sentences. 4. Did they ( come / came ) to the meeting?
Question Answer 5. ( Do / Did ) he work at a pet shop last year?

Did you Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.
Yes/No
Question Did he dance? Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.
Did they Yes, they did. No, they didn’t.
B Complete the dialogues in the past simple.
What did you eat for lunch? I ate a pie for lunch. 1. you / see A Did you see Tony yesterday? B Yes, I did .
Wh-question Where did he eat lunch? He ate lunch in the cafeteria.
2. the girls / go A Did the girls go home? B No, they didn’t.
When did they eat lunch? They ate lunch at noon.
3. Nicole / finish A Did Nicole finishher homework? B Yes, she did .
4. you / read A Did you read this book? B No, I didn’t .
Did you go camping yesterday? What did you see last night? C Complete the dialogues in the past simple using what, where, or when.
− Yes, I did. − I saw shooting stars.
1. Where did Chris walk with his dog?
Did you go with your friends? Where did you see them? A
− No, I didn’t. − I saw them in the field.
B He walked on the beach.
2.
A What did the children make?
Check the correct boxes.
Past Present B They made a snowman.
1. Did you see Tony today? 3.

A When did you go to the amusement park?
2. When do you read books?
B We went there last Sunday.
3. Did Susan finish her homework?
4.
A What did the tourists buy?
4. What did the boy eat?
B They bought souvenir masks.
5. Does Mark play soccer?
50 Unit 12 51
stcard to
Grammar in Writing When you write a po
someon e, you ca n ask about
using
his/her experiences by
A Look at the chart and complete the dialogues in the past simple. the past simple.
Complete the postcard in the past simple.

Who What When
Grace meet Sandra on Sunday
Meg and Sue sing and dance last night
Freddy Goodman
Mr. Bell move the plants yesterday
P.O. Box 44145
You and Joe go shopping last weekend Nairobi, Kenya 00100
1. A Did Grace meet Sandra on Sunday? B Yes, she did . Dear Uncle Freddy,
Did No, they didn’t. How are you? The weather is beautiful here!
2. A Meg and Sue watch TV last night? B
I read an article about Kenya last night.
3. A Did Mr. Bell move the plants yesterday? B Yes, he did. (read)
Did you have a nice time in Kenya? Where did you go ?
4. A Did you and Joe go hiking last weekend? B No, we didn’t. (have) (where / go)
Did you climb to the top of Mt. Kilimanjaro?
(climb)
Did you go on a safari? What did you see ?
B Complete the questions in the past simple using what, where, or when. (go) (what / see)
Did you see many wild animals? Did you take many pictures?
1 2 3 4 (see) (take)
I have too many questions! Please write us soon.

Festival
Grand
Opening Miss you,
Jeff
1. A What did you buy at the mall? B I bought some socks.
2. A When did she go to the school festival? B She went there last Friday.
3. A Where did he put his backpack? B He put it on the sofa.
4. A Where did they go last weekend? B They went to the museum.

Yes, I did . What

C Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences. Did you did you buy?
No, I didn’t .
− I bought a present for my dad.
1. Do you play soccer yesterday? Did you play soccer yesterday? they did . Where did they visit?
Yes,
Did they see me?
When did she go to the mall? No, they didn’t . − They visited the national park.
2. When did she goes to the mall?
When did Sue hear the news?
Yes, he did .
3. Where did Andy bought his new shoes? Where did Andy buy his new shoes? Did Jake − She heard it this morning.
No, he didn’t .
4. Did the boy sent you letters? Did the boy send you letters?
52 Unit 12 53
13 She’ll take a train.
Grammar Station
A Write will in the correct places.
1. I will call you later tonight.
2. They will come here and help us.

Future (Will): Positive & Negative
3. Nora will take an umbrella and a raincoat.
We use the future tense to talk about actions or events in the future.
We use will in the future tense. It comes before the base verb. 4. My dad will watch the volleyball game on TV.
‌We use the future tense with these words: tomorrow, next week, this afternoon, etc.
Positive Negative
B Write the short forms of the underlined words.
Subject Will Base Verb Subject Will + Not Base Verb
1. The family will not go to the show. won’t
I I
will will not
He /She / It go. He /She / It go. 2. They will meet us at the stadium. They’ll
(=’ll) (=won’t)
We / You / They We / You / They
3. We will not visit the science museum. We won’t
4. I will read the essay again. I’ll

I will call you every day.
I’ll write you a letter once a week.
C Complete the sentences using will or won’t.
Jenny will go to London next week. 1. ( go / chat )

She’ll take a train. Stacy will go to a movie tomorrow.
She won’t take an airplane.
She won’t chat with her friends.
Ted won’t be at school on Friday.

2. ( play / watch )
He’ll go on a trip with his family. Simon will play the violin tonight.
His family will climb a mountain.
He won’t watch TV.
3. ( take / work )
My mom and dad will take a walk after lunch.

Check the sentences in the future tense. won’t work
They in the garden.
1. I ate lunch. Nick will buy a cake. 4. ( be sunny / be foggy )
2. She’ll call you. They’re reading books. It will be sunny in the afternoon.
3. Susan watches TV every day. We’ll go to the party. It won’t be foggy and chilly.
54 Unit 13 55
ather report, you
When you write a we
Grammar in Writing can use the future ten
se to express
weather in the
predictions about the
A Complete the sentences using ’ll or won’t. future.
They’ll go to the zoo Complete the weather report using will or won’t.
1. they / go to the zoo this weekend.
2. we / make dried flowers We’ll make dried flowers in art class.
3. she / wear jeans She’ll wear jeans to the festival.
4. I / not / get up late I won’t get up late again.
B Choose and complete the sentences using will or won’t.

Here is today’s weather forecast. It will be clear in the morning,
go to bed help him be busy buy a new computer (be)
and we will see sunny skies. However, we will have clouds

(see) (have)
1. 2. and rain in the afternoon. The temperature won’t go over 0°C.
(not / go)
The temperature will go up to 4°C at night, and the rain will stop
(go) (stop)
after midnight. It will be partly cloudy tomorrow morning, and it

(be)
Jason finished his work tonight. Cathy’s computer is too old. will start snowing in the afternoon. The day after tomorrow is Christmas.
He won’t be busy tomorrow. She will buy a new computer
. (start)
We will have a white Christmas this year!

(have)
3. 4.
I don’t feel well today. I’m upset with Bob. • Complete the chart.
I will go to bed early. I won’t help him with his report. Verb Positive Negative
be I will be a movie star. I won’t be a movie star.
bring Annie will bring a jacket. Anniewon’t bring a jacket.

buy The child will buy the book. The child won’t buy the book.
1. I eat will a piece of cheesecake. I will eat a piece of cheesecake.
go We will go camping next week. We won’t go camping next week.
2. He will be not busy tomorrow. He will not be busy tomorrow. call Laura will call you tomorrow. Laura won’t call you tomorrow.
3. Jake will watches a movie tonight. Jake will watch a movie tonight. have They will have a concert tonight. They won’t have a concert tonight.
4. We come won’t here again. We won’t come here again.
56 Unit 13 57
14 Will you call me?
Grammar Station
A Check the correct sentences.
1. Will he join a cartoon club? Will he joins a cartoon club?
2. Will she bring a raincoat? Will bring she a raincoat?

Future (Will): Questions
To make yes/no questions, we put will before the subject. 3. What will the boy eats? What will the boy eat?
To make wh-questions, we put question words at the beginning of sentences.
Question Answer
B Complete the dialogues using will or won’t.
Will you Yes, I will. No, I won’t.
Yes/ No 1. watch A Will you watch the movie tonight? B Yes, I will .
Question Will he call me? Yes, he will. No, he won’t.
Will they Yes, they will. No, they won’t. 2. meet A Will Sarah meet you tomorrow? B No, she won’t .
What will you watch? I’ll watch a horror movie. Will he sing he will .
3. sing A at the festival? B Yes,
Wh-question Where will he go? He’ll go to the zoo.
4. read A Will
Mr. White read the story? B No, he won’t .
When will they meet her? They’ll meet her this Saturday.
C Complete the dialogues using what, where, or when.

1 2 3 4
Will you plan a trip for your vacation? Will Andy come back tomorrow?
− Yes, I will. − No, he won’t. 1. A Where will the children go on Sunday?
Where will you go? When will he come back?
− I will go to Turkey. − He will come back on Saturday. B They will go to the amusement park.
2. A When will you clean your room?
B I will clean my room after lunch.

Check the correct places for will.
3. A Where will he get on the bus?
1. you eat lunch at 12:00? 2. he run in the marathon?
B He will get on the bus in front of the school.
3. they make a kite? 4. When they go to sleep?
4. A What will we make at the Strawberry Festival?
5. Where we go tomorrow? 6. What your mom cook?
B We will make a strawberry cake.
7. What Ann buy at the mall? 8. she come to the meeting?
58 Unit 14 59
itinerary, you
Grammar in Writing When you make an
can use will or won’t
to talk
it.
s on
about the activitie
A Look at the table and complete the answers.
Complete the dialogue using will or won’t.
Name Future Job Name Future Job
Steve jewelry designer Julia movie director Aug. 11-14
Ken cook Cindy fashion model Date Activity Plan

arrive at the airport in Rome
Aug. 11
visit Vatican City
1. A Will Steve be an engineer in the future? B No, he won’t. Aug. 12 visit the Colosseum and Trevi Fountain
Vatican City The Colosseum
Aug. 13 go to Pompeii (by bus)

2. A Will Ken be a cook in the future? B Yes, he will. return to Rome
Aug. 14
take a flight home
3. A What will Julia be in the future? B She will be a movie director . Trevi Fountain Pompeii
When will we arrive at the airport? (arrive)
4. A What will Cindy be in the future? B She will be a fashion model .
We will arrive at the airport in Rome on August 11. (arrive)
Will we visit Vatican City on the same day? (visit)
B Choose and complete the dialogues in the future tense. we will
Yes, .
visit / Australia make / puppets study / in the library leave / tonight What places will we visit on August 12? (visit)
We will visit the Colosseum and Trevi Fountain.

1 2 3 4
Will we go to Pompeii by train? (go)
No, we won’t . We will take a bus. (take)
Then we will return to Rome on August 14. (return)

1. A When will Ron and Ted leave ? B They will leave tonight .
2. A Where will Christine visit this winter? B She will visit Australia .
3. A What will you make with the socks? B We will make puppets . • Complete the chart.
4. A Where will your brother study ? B He will study in library . Yes/No Question Wh-question
Will it be sunny? What will you sell at the festival?
− Yes, it will. / No, it won’t. − We will sell lemonade.
Will you help me? When will your mom come back?
1. Where Alice will go after dinner? Where will Alice go after dinner?
− Yes, I will . / No, I won’t . − My mom will come back at 5:00.
2. Will he comes back home before dark? Will he come back home before dark? Will they go to the zoo? Where will they go this summer?
What will we eat for dinner? − Yes, they will . / No, they won’t . − They will go to the sea.
3. What will we ate for dinner?
4. When will the girl sings? When will the girl sing?
60 Unit 14 61
15 She’s going to be late.
Grammar Station
1. I ( am / will ) going to bake a cake. 2. It ( going to / is going to ) rain.
3. Molly ( is / are ) going to study hard. 4. ( Are / Is ) you going to sing?

Future: Be Going To
5. They’re ( not / aren’t ) going to eat. 6. ( Is / Will ) Jack going to go out?
We use be going to to talk about the future. It expresses predictions and plans.
We put not after the verb be to make negative sentences. 7. ( Am / Are ) I going to be late? 8. Are they ( going / going to ) come?
We put the verb be before the subject to make questions.
Positive Negative
Subject Be Going To Base Verb Subject Be + Not + Going To Base Verb
B Choose and complete the sentences using be going to.
I am going to I am not going to
1 2 3 4
He /She / It is going to leave. He /She / It is not going to leave.
We / You / They are going to We / You / They are not going to
Yes/No Question Answer

Be Subject Going To Base Verb Positive Negative 1. My dad is going to go shopping tonight.
Am I Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. not / take
2. They are not going to take the elevator. be
Are you going Yes, I am. No, I’m not.
sing? not / wear
Is he /she / it to Yes, he /she / it is. No, he /she / it isn’t. 3. I am not going to wear this jacket.
go
Are we /you /they Yes, you /we /they are. No, you /we /they aren’t.
4. We are going to be quiet.
C Look at Amy’s schedule and complete the dialogues using be going to.
Oh, no! The bus is going to leave. Are you going to eat any pancakes?
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
She is not going to be on time. − No, I’m not.
have lunch go to practice
visit my uncle jump rope
with Harry the dentist my speech
Check the correct boxes. Is Amy going to go No, she isn’t.

Future Present Continuous
1. A shopping on Monday? B
2. A Is Amy going to visit her uncle on Tuesday? B Yes, she is.

1. We are going to meet Peter tonight.
3. A Is Amy going to go to the dentist on Wednesday? B Yes, she is.
2. Ron is cleaning his room now.
4. A Is Amy going to jump rope on Thursday? B No, she isn’t.
3. Mark is going to learn Spanish.
62 Unit 15 63
Year’s
Grammar in Writing When you write New
resolu tio ns, you ca n sho w your
to.
ing
plans by using be go
A Match and complete the sentences using be going to.
Complete the New Year’s resolutions using be going to.
1. Mrs. Brown is tired. • • He isn’tgoing to eat the salad.
2. He doesn’t like vegetables. • • She is going to rest.
3. Andy and Dave are thirsty. • • I am not going to go to school tomorrow.

Eat Healthy
4. Tomorrow is Sunday. • • They are going to drink some water. •I am going to eat more fruits and vegetables.
(eat)
•I am not going to drink, soda and fruit drinks too often.
(not / drink)
B Complete the answers using be going to.

Be Kind
1. ( wash the car ) •I am going to be friendly to my family and friends.
(be friendly)
A Is Ben going to water the plants?
B No, he isn’t. He’s going to wash the car . Do Regularly

•I am going to jump rope every day.
2. ( play board games ) (jump)
•I am not going to get up late.
A Are your mom and dad going to eat dinner? (not / get up)
B No, they aren’t.They’re going to play board games

.
Do Less
3. •I am going to play computer games less.
( read a book ) (play)
A Are you going to draw a picture? •I am not going to read too many comic books.
(not / read)
B No, I’m not. I’m going to read a book .
4. ( practice yoga )
A Is she going to take a nap?
B No, she isn’t. She’s going to practice yoga.
Positive / Negative Question
I am going to write a letter. Are yougoing to write a letter?

write am not going to write am . / No, I am not .
C Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences. I a letter. − Yes, I
My aunt is going to buy a puppy. is going to buy the skirt.

Lucy Is Lucy going to buy the skirt?
1. My aunt is going to buys a puppy. buy
Lucy isn’t going to buy the skirt. − Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
2. I am going not to graduate next year. I am not going to graduate next year.
We are going to watch the musical. Are we going to watch the musical?
watch
3. They are going visit a Greek island. They are going to visit a Greek island. We aren’t going to watch the musical. − Yes, you are . / No, you aren’t .
4. My teacher is going to writes an email. My teacher is going to write an email.
64 Unit 15 65
16 How was the concert?
Grammar Station
1. A ( Why / How ) is he laughing? B He’s laughing because the show is funny.
2. A ( How / How old ) is Glen? B He’s 11 years old.

Question Words: How / Why
3. A How ( big / far ) is your room? B It’s very small.
We use how to ask about conditions or methods.
We also use how + adjective to ask about degrees: age, length, size, height, etc. 4. A ( How / Why ) did she get there? B She went there by train.
We use why to ask for a reason and usually answer with because.
5. A How ( old / far ) is the market? B It’s about 500 m from here.
Question Answer
was the concert? It was fantastic!
How How
do you go to school? I usually walk to school. B Match the questions with the correct answers.
old is your cousin? He is 13 years old.
1. How was the movie? • • He was absent because he was sick.
long will you stay here? I will stay here for two weeks.
How +
Adjective How big is the box? It is very small.
2. Why is Judy crying? • • He goes there by bike.
tall are you? I’m 158cm tall. 3. How does he go to the park? • • I learned it from my uncle.
far is the mall? It is three blocks away.
are you angry? I’m angry because Bill broke my bike.
4. Why was he absent? • • It was exciting.
Why Why
do you like science? I like it because it is very interesting. 5. How did you learn yoga? • • She’s crying because the movie is sad.
C Choose and complete the questions.
how long how old how far how tall

How did you go to the theater? Why was your teacher angry?
− I went there by subway. − She was angry because we were noisy. 1 2 3 4
Check the correct boxes.

Age Length Size Height
1. A How old is the baby? B He’s six months old.
1. How big is the desk?
2. A How far is the gym from here? B It’s not far from here.
2. How old are the children?
3. A How tall is your brother? B He’s about 170 cm tall.
3. How tall is your uncle?
4. How long is the Niagara River? 4. A How long is a marathon? B It’s 42.195 km.
66 Unit 16 67
s about a place,
Grammar in Writing When you write FAQ
you can use question
words to ask
on .
for specific inform ati
A Complete the questions using question words.

1.
Complete the FAQs using question words.
A How big is your dog?
B It is bigger than your cat. You can see the pyramid in Giza, Egypt.
Welcome to
How tall
2.
Q is it? the Pyramid of
A Why do you go home early? A It’s about 138.8 m tall. Khufu!
B I go because I have a piano lesson. Q How old is it?
A It’s about 4,600 years old.

3.
How old is Q How far is Giza from Cairo?
A your cousin?
A It’s about 4.3 miles away.
B She is 12 years old.
Q How can we go there?
4. A You can take a taxi or a mini bus from Cairo.
A How do you go to school?
Q Why is the Pyramid of Khufu so famous?
B I go to school by bus.
A It’s famous because it’s amazingly huge and tall.
B Write the questions using question words.

1. the ice show A How was the ice show? B It was fantastic!
2. the museum A How far was the museum? B It was too far. • Complete the chart.
3. the twins A How old are the twins? B They are six years old. Question Answer
4. the model A How tall is the model? B He’s 183 cm tall. How do you go to school? I usually go to school by bike.
How old is your cousin? He is 13 years old .
How long is the River Thames? It is about 340 km long .
How big was the bag? It was bigger than your bag.
1. Why you like cabbage? Why do you like cabbage?
How tall are you? I’m 158 cm tall .
2. How is far the station from here? How far is the station from here? How far is the stadium from here? It is about 30 km from here.
3. Is how tall Uncle Freddy? How tall is Uncle Freddy? Why did you go there? I went there because I had a meeting.
4. How you did move these boxes? How did you move these boxes?
68 Unit 16 69
17 The woman is really fast.
Grammar Station
1. Alex runs ( quick / quickly ). 2. Sam is a ( shy / shyly ) boy.
3. I studied ( hard / hardly ) for the test. 4. My kite flies ( high / highly ).
Adjectives & Adverbs
5. Annie’s puppy is ( noisy / noisily ). 6. He was ( busy / busily ) last week.
Adjectives
‌ describe subjects when they come after the verb be.
They also describe nouns when they come before the nouns. 7. The bridge is ( real / really ) long. 8. The man speaks ( quiet / quietly ).
Adjective
The Verb Be + Adjective He is famous.

B Complete the sentences.
Adjective + Noun He is a famous singer. 1. 2.
Adverbs
‌ describe verbs. They often come after the verbs.
Some adverbs describe adjectives or other adverbs, such as very, really, so, and too.
My uncle is a good engineer. Janet is a hard worker.
Adverb
He fixes things well. She works hard .
Verb + Adverb The man walks slowly.
The woman is really fast. 3. 4.

Adverb + Adjective
Adverb + Adverb The dog barks very loudly.
Josh’s mom is a slow driver. We had heavy snow last night.

Pam had a terrible day today. She drives slowly. It snowed heavily .
She got up very late and ran to school.
But it rained heavily, and her clothes were wet.
C Write the adverbs in the correct places.

1. very This puzzle is very difficult .
Circle the adjectives and underline the adverbs.
2. really The photo exhibition was really great .
warm safely too loudly quiet 3. too There were too many people in the store.
slowly dirty really noisy 4. so I’m so glad to see you again.
pretty nice clearly delicious very very well.
5. very Fred speaks Spanish
70 Unit 17 71
k tale, you can
When you write a fol
Grammar in Writing make your sentences
more precise
d adverbs.
by using adjectives an
A Choose and complete the sentences.

Complete the folk tale.
study ride a bike fast hard
talk mix the eggs and milk quietly carefully
1 2 3 4 The Pied Piper

There was a small town in Germany.
(a / town / small)
The people lived peacefully , but there were a lot of rats

(peaceful)
rides a bike fast in the town. One day, a mysterious man in colorful clothes came.
1. Kate . It is dangerous.
He had a small pipe, and people called him the Pied Piper. He played
2. We should talk quietly in the museum.
his pipe very well . He played it softly and quietly .
3. I’ll mix the eggs and milk carefully . (good) (soft) (quiet)
The rats soon came out from every house and gathered around him.
4. My classmates study hard for the exam.
They were very noisy . He walked slowly out of the town.
(very / were / noisy) (slow)
The rats quickly followed him.

(quick)
B Change and complete the sentences using the adverbs.

1. The noodles were delicious. (really) The noodles were really delicious .
2. On my way home, it rained. (heavily) On my way home, it rained heavily .
3. Tommy swims well. (very) Tommy swims very well . • Complete the chart.
4. Why is the bus late? (so) Why is the bus so late ? Adjective Adverb
The children are noisy. The children talk noisily .

5. My model airplane is flying. (high) My model airplane is flying high .
Zebras are fast runners. Zebras run fast .
Our train was late. Our train arrived late .

C Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences. She sang a beautiful song. She sang a song beautifully .
1. The ballerina dances beautiful. The ballerina dances beautifully. easily
These puzzles are easy. I solved these puzzles .
2. I went to sleep lately last night. I went to sleep late last night. Mrs. Grace is a careful driver. Mrs. Grace drives carefully .
3. The baby smiled happy. The baby smiled happily. My uncle is a good dancer. My uncle dances well .
4. They arrived earlily. They arrived early.
72 Unit 17 73
18 Science is easier than math.
Grammar Station
1. My younger brother is ( strong / stronger ) than I am.
2. Is English ( more difficult / more difficulter ) than Spanish?

Adjectives: Comparatives
3. The green sweater is ( good / better ) than the gray one.
We use comparative adjectives to compare two people or things.
We add -er or more to adjectives to make comparatives. 4. Soccer is ( popularer / more popular ) than baseball in England.
We also put than after comparatives.
Adjective Comparative
old older B Write the comparatives.
most adjectives + -er young younger
cheap cheaper 1. long longer 2. heavy heavier
large larger
adjectives ending in -e + -r nice nicer 3. hot hotter 4. useful more useful
wide wider
big bigger 5. bad worse 6. interesting more interesting
adjectives ending in double consonant
a vowel + a consonant + -er
hot hotter
thin thinner 7. good better 8. wide wider
happy happier
adjectives ending in -y y + -ier heavy heavier
busy busier
exciting more exciting C Complete the sentences using comparatives.
adjectives with two or
more syllables
more + handsome more handsome
expensive more expensive 1. ( slow / fast )
good better slower than
irregular
bad worse
The snail is the tortoise.
The tortoise is faster than the snail.
2. ( small / big )
Mars is smaller than Earth.

The tower is taller than the building. Science is easier than math. Mars Earth is bigger than Mars.
Earth
The building is shorter than the tower. Math is more difficult than science.
3. ( expensive / cheap )
The red jacket is more expensive than the blue one.

Circle the correct comparatives. $20
$1
5 The blue jacket is cheaper than the red one.
1. larger / largeer 2. hotter / more hotter 4. ( difficult / easy )
3. more good / better 4. beautifuler / more beautiful Science is more difficult than history.
5. expensive / more expensive 6. badder / worse History is easier than science.
74 Unit 18 75
parative
When you write a com
Grammar in Writing essay, you can explai
n both the
en ces using
similarities and dif fer
A Complete the sentences using comparatives. comparative s.
1. (tall)
Complete the comparative essay using comparatives.
Mr. Brown
Mrs. Brown
Age: 42 Mr. Brown is taller than Mrs. Brown.
Dogs and Cats
72 kg
Bill Age: 39
Age: 12 53 kg 2. (young)
Lucy 45 kg
Age: 10
Mrs. Brown is younger than Mr. Brown. Both dogs and cats are popular pets.
34 kg
3. (old) There are some differences between them.
Bill is older than Lucy. Dogs need bigger and wider
(big) (wide)
4. (heavy) spaces than cats. Cats are happier in
(happy)
Lucy is not heavier than Bill. cleaner
small spaces. They are also
(clean)
5. (short)
than dogs.
Bill is shorter than Mr. and Mrs. Brown.
Generally, dogs are kinder and
(kind)
friendlier than cats. Cats are shy, independent,
B Choose and complete the sentences using comparatives. (friendly)
and quieter than dogs. People can

(quiet)
expensive exciting hot thin long train dogs because they are smarter
(smart)
and more loyal than cats.

1. Last year, Tom’s hair was longer than now.
Dogs will never leave their owners.
2. Snowboarding is more exciting than skiing to me.
3. It is very hot today. It is hotter than yesterday.
4. Christine is thinner than her younger sister.
5. I like this sweater better, but it’s more expensive . • Complete the chart.
Adjective Comparative Adjective Comparative Adjective Comparative
C Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences. big bigger large larger beautiful more beautiful
Alaska is larger than Hawaii. pretty prettier high higher dangerous more dangerous
1. Alaska is largeer than Hawaii.
hot hotter early earlier useful more useful
2. Emails are convenienter than letters. Emails are more convenient than letters.
heavy heavier good better difficult more difficult
3. Lewis is more strong than Bob. Lewis is stronger than Bob. easy easier bad worse exciting more exciting
4. This week is busyer than last week. This week is busier than last week.
76 Unit 18 77
19 I am the fastest in my class.
Grammar Station
A Write the comparatives and superlatives.
1. thin thinner thinnest 2. famous more famous most famous
3. pretty prettier prettiest 4. good better best

Adjectives: Superlatives
5. nice nicer nicest 6. bad worse worst
We use superlative adjectives to compare three or more people or things.
We add -est or most to adjectives to make superlatives. 7. sad sadder saddest 8. difficult more difficult most difficult
We also put the before superlatives.
Adjective Superlative 9. early earlier earliest 10. useful more useful most useful
tall tallest
most adjectives + -est
short shortest
large largest B Complete the sentences using superlatives.
adjectives ending in -e + -st
wide widest
adjectives ending in double consonant big biggest 1. ( short / tall )
a vowel + a consonant + -est thin thinnest
the shortest of the three flowers.
The tulip is
early earliest
The sunflower is the tallest .
adjectives ending in -y y + -iest
easy easiest
tulip rose sunflower
adjectives with two or expensive most expensive
most +
more syllables exciting most exciting 2. ( slow / fast )
good best the slowest
irregular
bad worst Kate is of the three friends.
Eric is the fastest .
Eric Ron Kate
Mark is fast.
3. ( cheap / expensive )
John is faster than Mark.
But I am the fastest in my class. The yellow car is the cheapest of the three cars.
I John Mark $18,000 $13,000 $9,000
The gray car is the most expensive
.
The red coat is expensive.
The blue coat is more expensive than the red coat.
The brown coat is the most expensive of the three.
$45 $70 $110 C Complete the sentences using superlatives.
1. tall The tallest man in the world lives in Turkey.
Circle the correct pictures. busiest
2. busy Manhattan is the place in New York.
1. 2. 3.
3. large The largest ocean is the Pacific Ocean.
4. high Mt. Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
5. small Australia is the smallest continent.

the tallest boy the thinnest book the most expensive bag
78 Unit 19 79
vel brochure,
When you write a tra
Grammar in Writing you can promote a
place by using
superlatives.
A Choose and complete the sentences using superlatives.
1. Picasso is the most famous Spanish painter. Complete the travel brochure using superlatives.
2. This is the most difficult problem in this chapter. comfortable

beautiful Sherlock Holmes London Tour
3. Snow White was the most beautiful woman in the country. famous
difficult Don’t miss the most exciting tour in London!
4. This chair isthe most comfortablechair in the room. (exciting)
popular The Sherlock Holmes London Tour is the most wonderful tour for fans of
5. What is the most popular place in Europe? (wonderful)
Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson.
We will show you the most famous sites in the city. You can visit real places
(famous)
B Complete the sentences using comparatives and superlatives. the greatest
from the stories of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, detective
(great)
1 2 dolphin 3
writer ever. You will have the happiest adventure of your life.
shark (happy)
We offer the cheapest tours in London.
whale (cheap)
Check out our website for our the best prices!
(good)
thick heavy exciting

√ Highlights
•Visit the most popular locations from the 2009 movie Sherlock Holmes .
1. The math book is thicker than the history book. (popular)
√ Includes / Excludes
The dictionary is the thickest book of the three. •Tour guide / Meals and drinks
2. The shark is heavier than the dolphin.
The whale is the heaviest animal of the three.
3. I think baseball is more exciting than basketball.
I think soccer is the most exciting sport. • Complete the chart.

Adjective Superlative Adjective Superlative
C Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences. busy busiest tall tallest
1. Joan is the most good runner. Joan is the best runner. nice nicest popular most popular
thin thinnest comfortable most comfortable
2. My dog is the smart of the three. My dog is the smartest of the three.
wide widest good best
3. Are you the thinner boy in your class? Are you the thinnest boy in your class?
heavy heaviest bad worst
4. K2 is not the most high mountain. K2 is not the highest mountain.
80 Unit 19 81
20 The ball is behind the box.
Grammar Station
A Write the correct prepositions.
1. 2. 3. 4.
Prepositions of Place & Movement

‌We use prepositions of place to say where people or things are. next to the cage behind the cage across from the cage in front ofthe cage
Prepositions of Place 5. 6. 7. 8.
in front of behind between next to across from

over the cage into the cage out of the cage between the cages
‌We use prepositions of movement to describe movements to or from places.
Prepositions of Movement B Circle the correct words.

1. The birds fly ( over / out of ) the clouds.
2. The tourists are ( between / in front of ) the restaurant.

up down into out of over
3. A big spider is climbing ( between / up ) the tree.
4. My dad’s car is ( down / between ) the buses.
A squirrel is climbing up the tree. 5. The tall tree is ( next to / into ) the house.
A ladybug is climbing down the tree.
A woodpecker is flying into the hole.
C Complete the sentences with the correct prepositions.
1. The bus stop is in front of the stadium.

Write the correct letters.
2. The bank is across from the bakery.
1. between b Theater
a c 3. The theater is between the stadium
2. into c
b
and the bakery.
d
3. down a Park
4. The bakery is next to the theater.

4. next to d
82 Unit 20 83
ctions, you
When you write instru
Grammar in Writing can explain where thi
ng
on
s or people
s.
are by using prepo siti
A Choose and complete the sentences.

1. Emma’s seat is in front of the teacher’s desk. Choose and complete the game instructions.
down
2. Snowflakes are falling down from the sky. into
up
3. My son is jumping into the pool. Alex the watchman didn’t lock the gates.
in front of
4. My grandpa’s farm is across from my house. across from All the animals escaped!
behind out of
5. Rio is hiding behind the tree. I can see him.
Tickets The monkeys are running the gate.
Some flamingos are flying over the fence.

6. The painter is climbing up the ladder.
A crocodile is behind the tree.
An ostrich is next to the ticket office.
You need to catch them before sunrise.

Game instructions:
B Complete the sentences with the correct prepositions. Use the arrow keys to move your car up, down , left, or right.
1 2 3 4 Your goal:
Drive your car in front of the animals to catch them.
Then put them back into their cages.
the mountain the hole the basket the stairs

behind over down into
1. There is a rainbow over the mountain .
in front of out of next to
2. A lot of ants came out of the hole .
3. Violet is throwing a stick into the basket .

4. The man is walking down the stairs .
Position Preposition Position Preposition
in front of the box across from the blue ball

1. The princess came out the room. The princess came out of the room. behind the box up / down
2. The swing is next the slide. The swing is next to the slide. between the blue balls into / out of
3. Sally is standing in front the gate. Sally is standing in front of the gate. next to the box over
4. My bike is between the tree. My bike is between the trees.
84 Unit 20 85
Supplementary
Material
Review Test 1 Units 01-04
A Circle the correct words. D Complete the sentences.
1. We can see ( much / a lot of ) pictures in the museum. 1. slice / pie Enjoy a slice of pie for only $2.
2. There are two ( bottle / bottles ) of juice on the table. 2. glass / water I need two glasses of water .
3. We want to play soccer, ( but / and ) we can’t. 3. bag / flour Let’s buy a bag of flour .
4. Karen needs a ( slice / carton ) of milk. 4. bottle / juice Sue has toast and a bottle of juice for breakfast.
5. Is your dad in the living room ( but / or ) in the backyard? 5. carton / yogurt There are four cartons of yogurt in the refrigerator.
E Choose and complete the sentences.

B Complete the sentences with many or much.
much lives the children many but
1. Mr. and Mrs. Davis visit many places.
1. My uncle Peter lives in a small town.
2. Do you have much rain in the summer?
2. The children play on the playground after school.
3. There are many baseball bats here.
3. There are many buildings in this city.
4. Is there much rice in the bag?
4. Simon likes baseball, but he doesn’t like soccer.
5. Sarah doesn’t read many books.
5. I don’t eat much meat.
C Choose the wrong words and correct them. F Unscramble the sentences.
1. Does Eric need much pencils? ⓒ many [a lot of] 1. is / Mr. Darcy / wonderful cook / a / . Mr. Darcy is a wonderful cook.
2. I want a glass of milk and two slice of bread. ⓑ two slices of 2. and pretty / Sue / kind / is / . Sue is kind and pretty.
3. Is this backpack yours but your brother’s? ⓑ or 3. Ryan / or winter / summer / Does / like / ? Does Ryan like summer or winter?
4. Derek doesn’t drink many water. ⓒ much [a lot of] 4. drink / Do / milk / a lot of / you / ? Do you drink a lot of milk?
5. These sneakers are nice, and they’re expensive. ⓑ but 5. English / read / newspapers / I / . I read English newspapers.
88 Review Test 1 89
A Circle the correct words. D Complete the sentences in the present continuous.
1. How often does it ( snow / snows ) here? 1. call Are you calling Brian?
2. My brothers ( usually are / are usually ) noisy. 2. come The subway is coming into the station.
3. Are your sisters ( ride / riding ) bikes? 3. exercise Is your mom exercising at the gym?
4. Mr. Johns is ( fixing not / not fixing ) the computer. 4. not / listen Carol’s mom isn’t listening to music. She is reading a book.
5. Carol doesn’t ( help / helps ) her brother. 5. run Where are they running ?
B Complete the sentences in the present simple. E Choose and complete the sentences.
1. My dad goes hiking once a month. never where know often blowing
(go)
2. Ann studies French, but she doesn’t study Japanese. 1. Where are the children going?
(study) (study)
like 2. Tony doesn’t like soccer. He never plays soccer after school.
3. Does Harry storybooks?
(like)
3. We know the girl, but we don’t know the tall boy.
4. On Monday, Meg has six classes.
(have) blowing
4. The boy is bubbles.
5. My sister leaves home at 7:30.
(leave) 5. Joe likes sweets. He often eats chocolate and candy.
C Choose the wrong words and correct them. F Change and rewrite the sentences.
1. Alice brushs and feeds her dog every day. ⓐ brushes 1. Andy is cleaning the garden. Question Is Andy cleaning the garden?
2. Eric is running, but Jason not is running. ⓒ is not 2. The baby cries at night. Negative The baby doesn’t cry at night.
3. Sean and David aren’t hiting the balls. ⓑ hitting 3. They read many science books. Question Do they read many science books?
4. The dogs isn’t chasing a cat. ⓐ aren’t 4. We are having lunch. Negative We aren’t having lunch.
5. What they are eating now? ⓑ are they 5. The house has a nice view. Question Does the house have a nice view?
90 Review Test 2 91
A Circle the correct words. D Complete the questions in the past simple.
1. It ( wasn’t / weren’t ) cold and windy yesterday. 1. meet Did Ann meet Jake on Sunday?
2. My family ( live / lived ) in Sydney two years ago. 2. buy What did you buy at the mall?
3. A Where ( was / were ) they last night? B They ( was / were ) at home. 3. be Who was the boy on the stage?
4. A ( Was / Were ) you best friends last year? B Yes, we ( was / were ). 4. visit Did you visit the gallery yesterday?
5. A Did Ron ( come / came ) to the meeting? B No, he ( did / didn’t ). 5. put Where did he put his phone?

B Complete the sentences with was or were.
said made climbed wrote didn’t
1. There was a big storm last night.
1. Dave’s mom made Italian food for dinner.
2. Was there an old tree in this town?
2. Larry didn’t listen to music.
3. Who was the boy with glasses?
3. Jason wrote a postcard to his grandparents.
4. Were they Nelly’s puppies?
4. “There was a rainbow over the mountain,” he said .
5. Were your sisters shy last year?
5. The people climbed the hill.
1. We washes our dad’s car last Saturday. ⓑ washed 1. They were in Canada last year. Question Were they in Canada last year?
2. Were the school festival exciting? ⓐ Was 2. It was hot last summer. Negative It wasn’t hot last summer.
3. Did Mr. Bell moved the desk yesterday? ⓑ move 3. We ate lunch at a restaurant. Negative We didn’t eat lunch at a restaurant.
4. When did you readed the newspaper? ⓒ read 4. My parents arrived last night. Negative My parents didn’t arrive last night.
5. Did you saw Tony this afternoon? ⓑ see 5. Nelly went to school today. Question Did Nelly go to school today?
92 Review Test 3 93
A Circle the correct words. D Complete the questions.
1. They will ( meet / meeting ) us at the stadium. 1. A How tall is Martin? B He’s about 165 cm tall.
2. Will Andy ( go / goes ) on a school trip tomorrow? 2. A How long is a marathon? B It’s 42.195 km.
3. I ( not will / will not ) talk with my friend during class. 3. A How old is the boy? B He’s nine years old.
4. A Is Emma ( going to buy / go to buy ) sneakers today? B Yes, she ( is / will ). 4. A How far is the gym from here? B It’s three miles away.
5. A ( How / Why ) did Bill cry? B He ( cries / cried ) because the movie was sad. 5. A How big is your room? B It’s bigger than Jane’s room.

B Complete the sentences using be going to.
why be plan going long
1. eat I ‘m going to eat more fruit and vegetables. Short Form
1. It will be clear in the afternoon.

2. not / play They ‘re not going to play board games. Short Form
2. I am not going to read too many comic books.

3. visit We ‘re going to visit the science museum. Short Form
3. Will you plan a trip during the holidays?

4. draw Are you going to draw a picture?
4. How long is the Niagara River?
5. take Is she going to take a nap?
5. A Why was she angry? B She was angry because we were noisy.
1. I will read not the essay again. ⓑ not read 1. We will be busy tomorrow. Short Form We’ll be busy tomorrow.
2. When will he comes back? ⓒ come back 2. She will bring a camera. Question Will she bring a camera?
3. Why he was absent yesterday? ⓑ was he 3. Adam will go to the ice rink. Negative Adam won’t go to the ice rink.
4. How far the station is from here? ⓒ is the station 4. We are going to visit the town. Question Are we going to visit the town?
5. How is old your cousin? ⓑ old is 5. I am going to wear the coat. Negative I’m not going to wear the coat.
94 Review Test 4 95
A Circle the correct words. D Complete the sentences using comparatives or superlatives.
1. Your kite flies ( high / highly ). 1. good The brown jacket is better than the gray one.
2. Lucy is not ( heavy / heavier ) than Bill. 2. heavy Whales are the heaviest animals in the world.
3. The red coat is the ( more / most ) expensive of the three. 3. happy Today is the happiest day of my life.
4. Two ladybugs are climbing ( between / up ) the tree. 4. exciting Snowboarding is more exciting than skiing.
5. Eric is the ( faster / fastest ) boy in our class. 5. famous This tower is the the most famous place in our town.

B Choose the correct places for the adverbs.
up in front of behind between into
1. quietly a We (we) b must talk c in the museum.
1. She dived into the water.
2. well My uncle a fixes b things c .
2. The squirrel is climbing up the tree.
3. too Mrs. Header a is b thin c . She has to eat more.
3. The theater is between the stadium and the bakery.
4. very Asia a is a b large c continent.
4. I’m in front of the bakery. I can smell the bread baking.
5. really a Christine is b popular c in the class.
5. Let’s run! The tiger is following us. It is behind us.
C Choose the wrong words and correct them. F Unscramble the sentences.
1. Put the eggs careful into the milk. ⓑ carefully 1. front / me / Luke / in / of / is sitting / . Luke is sitting in front of me.
2. The building is short than the tower. ⓑ shorter 2. well / Alice / Chinese / speaks / . Alice speaks Chinese well.
3. This is most difficult problem in this chapter. ⓐ the most difficult 3. in / is / the slowest boy / his class / Ken / . Ken is the slowest boy in his class.
4. The dictionary is the thicker book of them all. ⓑ the thickest book 4. great / The concert / really / was / . The concert was really great.
5. The tall tree is next the house. ⓒ next to 5. than math / Science / difficult / is / more / . Science is more difficult than math.
96 Review Test 5 97
Parts of a Sentence Present Simple
Subject (S) Predicate (P) Positive Negative
Fish swim. do not
I / You / We / They run. I / You / We / They run.
The basketball players are tall. (=don’t)
Mike is a wonderful cook. does not
He /She / It runs. He /She / It run.
Airplanes fly in the sky. (=doesn’t)
The baby wants ice cream.
Quantifiers 1: Many/Much/A Lot Of Do you /we /they run? Yes, I /you /they do. No, I /you /they don’t.
Count Noun Noncount Noun Does he /she run? Yes, he /she does. No, he /she doesn’t.
P There are many pens.
many N There aren’t many pens.
Q Are there many pens?
Frequency Adverbs
P -
much N There isn’t much water. The Verb Be + Frequency Adverb Frequency Adverb + Action Verb
Q Is there much water?
always always
P There are a lot of pens. P There is a lot of water. usually usually
a lot of N There aren’t a lot of pens. N There isn’t a lot of water. Laura is often busy. Laura often eats breakfast.
Q Are there a lot of pens? Q Is there a lot of water? sometimes sometimes
never never
Quantifiers 2: Noncount Nouns
Quantifier Noncount Noun Quantifier Noncount Noun

Present Continuous: Positive & Negative
coffee ham Base Verb Present Continuous
tea bread most verbs + -ing eat walk eating walking
a cup of hot chocolate a slice of pizza
verbs ending in -e e + -ing make smile making smiling
juice tuna
verbs ending in
water soda a vowel + a consonant
double consonant + -ing run sit running sitting
a glass of milk a can of paint
water flour Positive Negative

juice rice
I am I am not (=’m not)
a bottle of ketchup a bag of popcorn
He /She / It is reading. He /She / It is not (=isn’t) reading.
cheese milk
cake juice We / You / They are We / You / They are not (=aren’t)
a piece of paper a carton of soup
Conjunctions
Present Continuous: Questions
Question Answer
I am cold. + I am hungry.
and Am I Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
→ I am cold and hungry.
Yes/No
Question Is he sleeping? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
Max likes soccer. + Max doesn’t like baseball.
but Are they Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
→ Max likes soccer, but he doesn’t like baseball.
Will you have milk? + Will you have juice? What are you eating? I’m eating a sandwich.
or Wh-question
→ Will you have milk or juice? Where is she sleeping? She’s sleeping in her bed.
98 99
Past Simple (The Verb Be): Positive & Negative Future (Will): Positive & Negative
Positive Negative
Positive
Subject Will Base Verb Subject Will + Not Base Verb
I / He /She / It was in London last week.
I / He /She / It will He /She / It will not
We / You / They were sick yesterday. go. go.
We / You / They (=’ll) We / You / They (=won’t)
Negative
I / He /She / It was not (=wasn’t) in London last week.
Future (Will): Questions
We / You / They were not (=weren’t) sick yesterday.
Question Answer
Past Simple (The Verb Be): Questions Yes/No Question Will you call me? Yes, I will. No, I won’t.
What will you watch? I’ll watch a horror movie.
Question Answer
Wh-question Where will he go? He’ll go to the zoo.
Yes/No Were you Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t.
Question sick? When will they meet her? They’ll meet her this Saturday.
Was he Yes, he was. No, he wasn’t.
Where were you last night? I was at home.
Wh-question Future: Be Going To
Who was the boy next to you? He was my cousin.
Positive Negative
Past Simple: Positive & Negative Subject Be Going To Base Verb Subject Be + Not + Going To Base Verb
I am going to I am not going to

Positive Negative
He /She / It is going to leave. He /She / It is not going to leave.
I / We / You / They I / We / You / They did not
worked. work. We / You / They are going to We / You / They are not going to
He /She / It He /She / It (=didn’t)
Base Verb Past Simple Verb
Be Subject Going To Base Verb Positive Negative
most verbs + -ed walk help walked helped Am I Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
verbs ending in -e + -d move live moved lived Is he /she / it going to sing? Yes, he /she / it is. No, he /she / it isn’t.
verbs ending in Are we /you /they Yes, we /you /they are. No, we /you /they aren’t.
a consonant + -y
y + -ied cry study cried studied
verbs ending in double consonant

a vowel + a consonant + -ed
stop plan stopped planned Question Words: How / Why
come – came have – had go – went cut – cut
Question Answer
give – gave make – made eat – ate hit – hit
irregular
run – ran lose – lost say – said break – broke was the concert? It was fantastic!
see – saw tell – told buy – bought read – read How How
do you go to school? I usually walk to school.
old is your cousin? He is 13 years old.
Past Simple: Questions
long will you stay here? I will stay here for two weeks.
Question Answer How +
Adjective How big is the box? It is very small.
Yes/No Question Did you dance? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. tall are you? I’m 158cm tall.
What did you eat for lunch? I ate a pie for lunch. far is the mall? It is three blocks away.
Wh-question Where did he eat lunch? He ate lunch in the cafeteria. are you angry? I’m angry because Bill broke my bike.
Why Why
When did they eat lunch? They ate lunch at noon. do you like science? I like it because it is very interesting.
100 101
Scope & Sequence
Adjectives & Adverbs
Adjective Adverb Grammar Space Beginner Book 01

1 Nouns 11 Adjectives
The Verb Be + He is famous. Verb + Adverb The man walks slowly.
Adjective
2 Articles 12 Prepositions of Place
Adjective + Noun He is a famous singer. Adverb + Adjective The woman is really fast. 3 Plural Nouns 13 Present Simple: Subject-Verb Agreement
4 Count & Noncount Nouns 14 Present Simple: Positive
Adverb + Adverb The dog barks very loudly.
5 Subject Pronouns & The Verb Be 15 Present Simple: Negative
6 The Verb Be : Negative & Yes/No Questions 16 Present Simple: Yes/No Questions
7 The Verb Be : Wh-questions 17 Present Simple: Wh-questions
Adjectives: Comparatives
Adjective Comparative 8 There + The Verb Be 18 Modal Verb: Can (Ability)
9 Demonstrative Pronouns 19 Modal Verbs: Can / May (Permission)
most adjectives + -er old cheap older cheaper
10 Possessive Adjectives 20 Imperatives
adjectives ending in -e + -r large wide larger wider

hot thin hotter thinner
Grammar Space Beginner Book 02
a vowel + a consonant + -er
1 Types of Sentences 11 Adjectives: Comparatives
adjectives ending in -y y + -ier heavy busy heavier busier 2 Articles 12 Adverbs

3 Plural Nouns 13 Present Continuous: Positive
more syllables
more + exciting handsome more exciting more handsome 4 Pronouns 14 Present Continuous: Negative
5 Possessives 15 Present Continuous: Questions
irregular good bad better worse
6 The Verb Be 16 Prepositions of Time
7 There + The Verb Be , Some & Any 17 Past Simple: The Verb Be
Adjectives: Superlatives 8 It + The Verb Be 18 Past Simple 1: Regular Verbs
Adjective Superlative
9 Present Simple: Positive & Negative 19 Past Simple 2: Irregular Verbs
most adjectives + -est tall short tallest shortest
10 Present Simple: Questions 20 Modal Verbs: Must / Have To
adjectives ending in -e + -st large wide largest widest

a vowel + a consonant + -est big thin biggest thinnest
Grammar Space Beginner Book 03
adjectives ending in -y y + -iest early easy earliest easiest
1 Parts of a Sentence 11 Past Simple: Positive & Negative
more syllables
most + expensive exciting most expensive most exciting
2 Quantifiers 1: Many / Much / A Lot Of 12 Past Simple: Questions
irregular good bad best worst 3 Quantifiers 2: Noncount Nouns 13 Future (Will ): Positive & Negative
4 Conjunctions 14 Future (Will ): Questions
5 Present Simple 15 Future: Be Going To
Prepositions of Place & Movement
6 Frequency Adverbs 16 Question Words: How / Why
Prepositions of Place Prepositions of Movement
7 Present Continuous: Positive & Negative 17 Adjectives & Adverbs
8 Present Continuous: Questions 18 Adjectives: Comparatives
9 Past Simple (The Verb Be ): Positive & Negative 19 Adjectives: Superlatives
in front of behind between next to across from up down into out of over 10 Past Simple (The Verb Be ): Questions 20 Prepositions of Place & Movement
102 103

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Grammar Station Practice

Review Test Appendix: Grammar Station

Present Tense Adjectives & Adverbs

Past Simple Supplementary Material

11 They worked together. Past Simple: Positive & Negative 46

12 Did you dance yesterday? Past Simple: Questions 50

1. My dad works for a car company.

Jeff / reads many books.

2. Mr. Johnson is a large city.

4. New York exercises every day.

C Circle and write the verbs in the underlined predicates.

A Put a slash between the subjects and the predicates.

3. The girl enjoys basketball. 4. Jake’s sister dances well.

My name is Max , and I want to be class president.

I am good at sports, too!

1. 2. 1. More fun books in the library!

3. More field trips!

These cookies are delicious . Ann doesn’t like fish .

6. Penguins lives in cold places. Penguins live in cold places.

sugar picture roof picture sugar

4. I don’t have a lot of homework today. much

SUGAR 5. The tourists buy a lot of presents. many

C Complete the sentences with many or much.

Circle the correct words.

A Circle and write the correct quantifiers.

2. There is a lot of flour in the bowl. a. many b. a lot of

He dances and plays.

You always do a lot of work . Let’s play together!

1 What does Harry have? It’s a cold winter day.

He has 3. ( many / much ) T-shirts too.

• Complete the chart.

6. My aunt drinks a lot of milks. My aunt drinks a lot of milk.

C Choose and write the correct words.

bag glass piece slice cup carton

Match the quantifiers with the correct nouns.

2. carton water a glass of water

5. slice flour a bag of flour a glass of milk!

$6 / SPICY COWBOY BURGER

Try our special spicy burger with

Enjoy our thick steak with a fried egg, two slices of

bacon, and a cup of hot chocolate!

2. On Tuesday, she has a pancake with a carton of milk.

3. On Wednesday, she has a piece of cake.

4. On Thursday, she has two slices of pizza with a can of Coke.

a piece of cake / bread / paper / cheese

2. Marie can play the piano, or on the playground?

3. Are they in the classroom or watermelons?

4. It’s raining outside, and a notebook.

5. Do you like melons but she can’t play the violin.

C Complete the sentences with and, but, or or.

Circle the conjunctions. 2. Is it your bike or your sister’s bike?

A Connect the two sentences using conjunctions.

• Complete the chart.

2. go My dad goes hiking once a month.

Does he /she run? Yes, he /she does. No, he /she doesn’t.

C Complete the dialogues.

Andy helps his dad on Saturdays. Dana is Andy’s sister.

2. A Does Neil like reading books?

cry don’t play 3. A Does Harry like storybooks?

Do clean 4. A Does Mrs. Lee need glasses?

9:00 9:55 10:50 11:45 12:30 1:15

B Choose and complete the sentences in the present simple.