The "Ashtakarma" (eight actions) mentioned in the Hatha Ratnavali, a classical text on

Hatha Yoga, outlines eight key practices or stages that a practitioner undergoes in
the path of Hatha Yoga. These eight actions are:

1. Śodhana (Purification): This involves cleansing practices, both internal and

external, to purify the body and mind. Techniques like Neti (nasal cleansing),
Dhauti (internal cleansing), and Kapalabhati (skull shining breath) fall under
this category.
2. Santosha (Contentment): Cultivating contentment or satisfaction is important
in yoga practice. It involves finding happiness and peace within oneself rather
than seeking it from external sources.
3. Daṇḍa-dhāraṇa (Staff Pose): This refers to the mastery of sitting postures,
particularly focusing on the stability and alignment of the spine. It is essential
for meditation and pranayama practices.
4. Vajrolī (Thunderbolt): Vajroli Mudra is a practice that involves control and
mastery over the reproductive organs and the flow of sexual energy.
5. Śakti-cālana (Agitating the Power): This involves awakening the dormant
energy within the body, often through practices like Kundalini awakening, to
elevate consciousness and attain higher states of awareness.
6. Kecharī (Attaining Space): Kechari Mudra involves turning the tongue
backward to touch the soft palate, which is believed to stimulate certain
energy centers in the body, aiding in meditation and spiritual progress.
7. Mudrā (Seal): Mudras are symbolic hand gestures or seals used in yoga and
meditation to channel energy flow and enhance concentration. There are
numerous mudras with specific benefits.
8. Nirlipta (Detachment): This refers to detachment or non-attachment to the
fruits of one's actions. Practitioners are encouraged to perform their duties
without being affected by success or failure, maintaining equanimity.

These practices are aimed at not only improving physical health but also nurturing
mental and spiritual well-being, ultimately leading to self-realization and liberation.