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IFM10e TB 16
IFM10e TB 16
5. The most important variable in determining a country's degree of overall country risk:
a. is political risk.
b. is financial risk.
c. is the probability of a host government takeover.
d. may often vary with the country of concern.
ANS: D PTS: 1
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d. borrow funds from its parent rather than from the host country's creditors.
ANS: C PTS: 1
8. Insurance purchased to cover the risk of expropriation ____, and will typically cover ____.
a. will be the same for all firms; only a portion of the firm's total exposure.
b. will be the same for all firms; all of the firm's total exposure.
c. will be dependent on the firm's risk; all of the firm's total exposure.
d. will be dependent on the firm's risk; only a portion of the firm's total exposure.
ANS: D PTS: 1
10. When determining whether a particular proposed project in a foreign country is feasible:
a. a country risk rating can adequately substitute for a capital budgeting analysis.
b. country risk analysis should be incorporated within the capital budgeting analysis.
c. the effect of country risk on sales revenue is more important than the effect on cash flows.
d. the project with the highest country risk rating (lowest country risk) should be accepted.
e. B and D
ANS: B PTS: 1
11. The primary purpose of country risk analysis when applied to capital budgeting is usually to:
a. measure the effect of country risk on sales.
b. measure the effect of country risk on cash flows.
c. measure the effect of country risk on the consolidated balance sheet.
d. measure the effect of country risk on the consolidated income statement.
ANS: B PTS: 1
12. If a foreign country's consumers tend to only purchase products that are produced locally, the least
effective strategy for a U.S. firm is to:
a. use a licensing arrangement with a local firm in that country.
b. enter into a joint venture in that country.
c. develop a subsidiary (under the U.S. name) that manufactures and sells products in that
country.
d. develop a subsidiary (under the U.S. name) that manufactures products in that country and
exports them to border countries.
ANS: C PTS: 1
13. An MNC considers direct foreign investment in Germany. It is mainly concerned with the subsidiary's
ability to generate sufficient sales there. The country risk characteristic that would best address this
concern is:
a. the host government's tax rates charged on remitted earnings.
b. the possibility of blocked funds.
c. the state of the economy in Germany.
d. the possibility of a withholding tax imposed by the German government.
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ANS: C PTS: 1
14. An MNC has a foreign manufacturing plant to capitalize on cheap production costs; the MNC exports
all the goods produced. It should be most concerned about the country's:
a. growth in gross domestic product.
b. government policies designed to increase tariffs on imported goods.
c. local consumer purchasing habits.
d. government environmental regulations and taxes on the lease or purchase of a production
site.
ANS: D PTS: 1
15. A firm may incorporate a country risk rating into the capital budgeting analysis by:
a. adjusting the NPV upward if the country risk rating has fallen (implying increased risk)
below a benchmark level.
b. adjusting the discount rate upward as the country risk rating decreases (implying increased
risk).
c. A and B
d. none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1
16. According to the text, the most appropriate method of incorporating country risk into capital budgeting
analysis is to:
a. compare each form of a country risk rating to a benchmark level.
b. estimate the effect of each form of country risk on cash flows.
c. estimate the effect of each form of country risk on the income statement and balance sheet.
d. adjust the discount rate to reflect the level of country risk using the conventional
adjustment formula that is used by virtually all MNCs.
ANS: B PTS: 1
17. The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency can provide MNCs implementing direct foreign
investment in less developed countries with:
a. insurance that covers losses on multilateral netting procedures.
b. exchange rate risk insurance.
c. political risk insurance.
d. guarantees that MNCs will receive the same taxation treatment by the host government as
local firms.
e. guarantees of lines of credit provided by the World Bank if the MNC experiences liquidity
problems.
ANS: C PTS: 1
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c. Actions of the host government
d. Blockage of fund transfers
e. All of the above are forms of political risk
ANS: A PTS: 1
20. Eurenasia is a country that has frequently been assigned low macro-assessment ratings of country risk
in the recent past due to its tendency to war with neighboring nations. MNC A is considering the
establishment of a subsidiary to manufacture personal computers, while MNC B is considering the
establishment of a subsidiary to manufacture tanks. Which of the two MNCs is likely to be less
affected by the low macro-assessment?
a. MNC A.
b. MNC B.
c. both will be equally affected, since the macro-assessment does not vary.
d. none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1
22. The ____ involves the collection of independent opinions on country risk without group discussion by
the assessors who provide these opinions.
a. checklist approach
b. discriminant analysis
c. regression analysis
d. Delphi technique
ANS: D PTS: 1
24. Which of the following is not a strategy that could be used by an MNC to reduce its exposure to a host
government takeover?
a. Attempt to recover cash flows from a foreign investment as quickly as possible
b. Rely on unique supplies and/or technology
c. Hire local labor
d. Borrow local funds
e. All of the above are strategies to reduce an MNC's exposure to a host government
takeover.
ANS: E PTS: 1
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in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
25. MNCs can purchase insurance to cover the risk of expropriation. Which of the following is not a
source of this type of insurance?
a. the World Bank.
b. the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC).
c. the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
d. all of the above are sources for insurance against expropriation.
ANS: C PTS: 1
26. Which of the following is not a way in which country risk analysis can be used?
a. to monitor countries where an MNC is currently doing business.
b. as a screening device to avoid conducting business in countries with excessive risk.
c. to revise an MNC's financing decisions.
d. to determine the degree to which the MNC is exposed to exchange rate movements.
ANS: D PTS: 1
27. An MNC must assess country risk not only in countries where it currently does business but also in
those where it expects to export or establish subsidiaries.
a. True
b. False
ANS: T PTS: 1
30. To make an MNC's operations coincide with its own goal, a host government could do all of the
following, except:
a. require the use of local employees for managerial positions.
b. require social facilities.
c. subsidize the MNC.
d. require environmental controls.
ANS: C PTS: 1
31. When a country's currency is inconvertible, the earnings generated by a subsidiary in that country
cannot be remitted to the parent through currency conversion.
a. True
b. False
ANS: T PTS: 1
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32. When the war in Iraq began in 2003, some MNCs feared that oil prices would ____ and that U.S.
inflation and interest rates would ____.
a. rise; rise
b. fall; fall
c. rise; fall
d. fall; rise
ANS: A PTS: 1
33. Higher interest rates in a foreign country tend to ____ the growth of an economy and ____ demand for
the MNC's product.
a. increase; increase
b. reduce; reduce
c. increase; reduce
d. reduce; increase
ANS: B PTS: 1
34. A ____ currency may ____ the volume of products imported by the country and therefore reduce the
country's production and national income.
a. weak; increase
b. weak; reduce
c. strong; increase
d. strong; reduce
ANS: C PTS: 1
35. Risk assessors almost always arrive at the same opinion after completing a macro-assessment of
country risk.
a. True
b. False
ANS: F PTS: 1
36. ____ involve(s) the collection of independent opinions on country risk without group discussion by the
assessors who provide these opinions.
a. The checklist approach
b. The Delphi technique
c. Quantitative analysis
d. Inspection visits
ANS: B PTS: 1
37. Perhaps the most appropriate method for incorporating forms of country risk in a capital budgeting
analysis is to estimate how the ____ would be affected by each form of risk.
a. discount rate
b. cash flows
c. opportunity cost
d. none of the above
ANS: B PTS: 1
38. Since country risk is constantly changing and events in other parts of the world are largely
unpredictable, country risk analysis is not important for MNCs.
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a. True
b. False
ANS: F PTS: 1
39. A blockage of fund transfers imposed by a host government usually forces a subsidiary to donate the
funds to the host government.
a. True
b. False
ANS: F PTS: 1
40. Higher interest rates tend to increase the growth of an economy and increase the demand for an MNC's
products.
a. True
b. False
ANS: F PTS: 1
41. When using a checklist approach to assess country risk, factors should be converted to some numerical
forms and assigned equal weights.
a. True
b. False
ANS: F PTS: 1
42. Unlike project risk, country risk cannot be incorporated into the capital budgeting analysis of a
proposed project by adjustment of the discount rate or by adjustment of the estimated cash flows.
a. True
b. False
ANS: F PTS: 1
43. After a project is accepted and implemented, country risk does not need to be monitored; since the
project is already established, no further changes can be made.
a. True
b. False
ANS: F PTS: 1
44. While an overall risk rating of a country can be useful, it cannot always detect upcoming crises.
a. True
b. False
ANS: T PTS: 1
45. Country risk can affect an MNC's cash flows but cannot affect its cost of capital.
a. True
b. False
ANS: F PTS: 1
46. To reduce the exposure to a host government takeover, an MNC may attempt to recover cash flows
from the foreign project more quickly or hire local labor.
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in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
a. True
b. False
ANS: T PTS: 1
47. The weights assigned to factors when assessing country risk should always be higher for the political
risk factors than the financial factors.
a. True
b. False
ANS: F PTS: 1
48. A micro-assessment of country risk involves consideration of all variables that affect country risk
except for those unique to a particular firm or industry.
a. True
b. False
ANS: F PTS: 1
49. Delphi analysis examines the financial and political factors of various countries and attempts to
identify which factors help to distinguish between tolerable-risk and intolerable-risk countries.
a. True
b. False
ANS: F PTS: 1
50. U.S.-based MNCs could avoid country risk by simply avoiding international business.
a. True
b. False
ANS: T PTS: 1
51. If an MNC diversifies its operations internationally to reduce its exposure to any individual country's
problems, country risk analysis becomes irrelevant.
a. True
b. False
ANS: F PTS: 1
52. Macro-assessment of country risk refers to an overall risk assessment of a country without
consideration of the MNC's business.
a. True
b. False
ANS: T PTS: 1
53. Adjustments to incorporate country risk into the capital budgeting analysis would involve either the
addition of a risk premium to the discount rate or a reduction of the cash flows.
a. True
b. False
ANS: T PTS: 1
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in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
a. can be used by MNCs as a screening device to avoid countries with excessive risk.
b. can be used by MNCs to monitor countries where the MNC is presently engaged in
international business.
c. can be used to improve the analysis used to make long-term investing or financing
decisions.
d. all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1
57. Which of the following is probably the best method of incorporating country risk into a capital
budgeting analysis?
a. Adjusting the discount rate upward
b. Adjusting the input variables to estimate the sensitivity of the project's NPV
c. Adjusting the political risk rating to obtain a more favorable NPV
d. Country risk should be ignored in capital budgeting, since it is a subjective analysis.
ANS: B PTS: 1
© 2011, 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted
in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.