Limits, Fits and Tolerance

Example One Limits, Fits and Tolerances

Q – Dimensional limits for a hole and shaft assembly for a nominal
−𝟎.𝟎𝟔
size is Hole 𝟓𝟎+𝟎.𝟎𝟒
−𝟎.𝟎𝟏 Shaft 𝟓𝟎 −𝟎.𝟎𝟓
Determine (i) – Dimensional limits of Shaft and Hole
(ii) – Maximum and Minimum Clearances
(iii) – Tolerances and their types on Shaft and Hole
(iv) – Type of Fit
 Example One Limits, Fits and Tolerances
Dimensional limits for a hole and shaft assembly
for a nominal size is
−𝟎.𝟎𝟔
Hole 𝟓𝟎+𝟎.𝟎𝟒
−𝟎.𝟎𝟏 Shaft 𝟓𝟎 −𝟎.𝟎𝟓

(i)-Limits of Shaft size will be 49.94 mm (50 – 0.06)

& 49.95 mm (50 – 0.05).
and
Limits of Hole size will be 50.04 mm (50+0.04)
& 49.99 mm (50 – 0.01).
 Example One Limits, Fits and Tolerances
Dimensional limits for a hole and shaft assembly
for a nominal size is
−𝟎.𝟎𝟔
Hole 𝟓𝟎+𝟎.𝟎𝟒
−𝟎.𝟎𝟏 Shaft 𝟓𝟎 −𝟎.𝟎𝟓
(ii) – Maximum and Minimum Clearances

Maximum Clearance 0.1 mm (50.04 – 49.94)

Minimum Clearances 0.04 mm (49.99 – 49.95)

 Example One Limits, Fits and Tolerances
Dimensional limits for a hole and shaft assembly
for a nominal size is
−𝟎.𝟎𝟔
Hole 𝟓𝟎+𝟎.𝟎𝟒
−𝟎.𝟎𝟏 Shaft 𝟓𝟎 −𝟎.𝟎𝟓
(iii) – Tolerances and their types on Shaft and Hole

Tolerance on Hole 0.05 mm [(0.04) – (– 0.01)]

(Bilateral)
Tolerance on Shaft 0.01 mm [(– 0.05) – (– 0.06)]
(Unilateral)
 Example One Limits, Fits and Tolerances
Dimensional limits for a hole and shaft assembly
for a nominal size is
−𝟎.𝟎𝟔
Hole 𝟓𝟎+𝟎.𝟎𝟒
−𝟎.𝟎𝟏 Shaft 𝟓𝟎 −𝟎.𝟎𝟓
(iv) – Type of Fit

Clearance fit (49.99 & 49.95 mm)

Types of Fits
 Example Two : Limits, Fits and Tolerances
Q - In a Hole Shaft system the following data is given.
• Maximum Metal limit on Shaft = 79.99 mm
• Maximum Metal limit on Hole = 80.00 mm
• Maximum Size of Hole = 80.046 mm
• Minimum Size of Shaft = 79.971 mm
Find out. (i) – What type of Fit it is?
(ii) – What is the Allowance?
(iii) – What is the value of Greatest & Least Clearance?
 Example Two : Limits, Fits and Tolerances
Q - In a Hole Shaft system the following data is given.
• Maximum Metal limit on Shaft = 79.99 mm
• Maximum Metal limit on Hole = 80.00 mm
• Maximum Size of Hole = 80.046 mm
• Minimum Size of Shaft = 79.971 mm
Find out. (i) – What type of Fit it is?
(ii) – What is the Allowance?
(iii) – What is the value of Greatest & Least Clearance?
 Example Two : Limits, Fits and Tolerances
Find out. (i) – What type of Fit it is?

Clearance Fit
 Example Two : Limits, Fits and Tolerances
Find out. (ii) – What is the Allowance?
As Allowance = [Maximum Metal limit on
Hole – Maximum Metal limit on Shaft
So, Allowance = 0.01 mm (80.00 – 79.99)
 Example Two : Limits, Fits and Tolerances
Find out. (iii) – What is the value
of Greatest & Least Clearance?

Maximum Size of Hole = 80.046 mm

Minimum Size of Shaft = 79.971 mm
• Greatest Clearance = 0.075 mm
(80.046 – 79.971)

Minimum Size of Hole = 80.000 mm

Maximum Size of Shaft = 79.990 mm
• Least Clearance = 0.01 mm (80.000
– 79.990)
 Example Three : Limits, Fits and Tolerances
Q - In a Hole Shaft system the following data is given.
• Maximum Metal limit on Shaft = 80.015 mm
• Maximum Metal limit on Hole = 80.00 mm
• Maximum Size of Hole = 80.046 mm
• Minimum Size of Shaft = 80.007 mm
Find out. (i) – What type of Fit it is?
(ii) – What is the Allowance?
(iii) – What is the value of Greatest & Least Clearance?
 Example Three Limits, Fits and Tolerances
Q - In a Hole Shaft system the following data is
given.
• Maximum Metal limit on Shaft = 80.015 mm
• Maximum Metal limit on Hole = 80.00 mm
• Maximum Size of Hole = 80.046 mm
• Minimum Size of Shaft = 80.007 mm
Find out. (i) – What type of Fit it is?
(ii) – What is the Allowance?
(iii) – What is the value of Greatest
& Least Clearance?
 Example Three Limits, Fits and Tolerances
Q - In a Hole Shaft system the following
data is given.
Limits of Shaft size will be 80.015 mm &
80.007 mm.
Limits of Hole size will be 80.046 mm &
80.00 mm
(i) –What type of Fit it is?
Transition Fit
 Example Three Limits, Fits and Tolerances

(ii) – What is the Allowance?

As Allowance = [Maximum Metal limit
on Hole – Maximum Metal limit on Shaft
So, Allowance = – 0.015 mm
(80.00 – 80.015)
 Example Three Limits, Fits and Tolerances
(iii) – What is the value of Greatest
& Least Interference?
Value of Greatest Interference = 0.015 mm
(80.015 mm – 80.000 mm)
Value of Least Interference = 0.039 mm
(80.046 mm – 80.007 mm)
Fundamental Deviation
Hole Basis system
Shaft Basis system
Fundamental Deviation
Selection of Fits
Selection of Fits
Selection of Fits
 Grades of Tolerance
It is understood that the
tolerances have parabolic
relationship with the size of the
products. As the size increases,
the tolerance within which a part
can be manufactured also
increases.
 Problem 1 : Limits, Fits and Tolerances
Q – Evaluate limits and fits for a pair of Diameter 6 H7/g6.

So, Basic Diameter is 6 mm.

And
Preferred Fits has been taken as H7/g6.
 Problem 1:
For the Hole, Fundamental Deviation
of H Grade EI is zero.
Now, we Need to work out the
Tolerance with this H Grade.
For this finding out the Fundamental
𝟑
unit 𝒊 = [𝟎. 𝟒𝟓 𝑫 + 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟏𝑫]m
and D in mm
Diameter steps (in mm) 𝑫𝟏 − 𝑫𝟐
Diameters of the Shafts 1-3 80-120
(Grouped Stepwise) in 3-6 120-180
Classes up to 500 mm 6-10 180-250
diameter 10-18 250- 315
𝑫 = 𝑫𝟏 . 𝑫𝟐 18-30 315-400
(𝑫𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑫𝟐 𝒊𝒏 𝒎𝒎) 30-50 400-500
50-80
Problem 1:
Now as per Hole grade H7, the IT
grade is 16i, which gives Tolerance
for the Hole size H7.
So, Tolerance = 16i
Max and Min limit of Hole will be
6 + 0 and 6 + 16i.
Problem 1:
• Base diameter is 6 mm, which will fall in range of diameter 3-6 mm.
Do D = 3𝑥6 = 4.24 𝑚𝑚
3
• Standard Tolerance i = 0.45 D + 0.001D m
3
• i=0.45 4.24 + 0.001x4.24m = 0.73279 m
• The Tolerance for H7, is 16i (Value corresponding to IT7 grade)
• So, Tolerance 16i=16x0.73279 =11.7246m
• So, Limits of Hole size will be 6 mm (6±0) & 6.01172 mm (6+0.01172)
• For Hole 6+0.01172
−0.00000
Problem 1:
And for the Shaft, Fundamental Deviation
of g Grade may be acquired from the Table.
es= −2.5D0.34

Now, we Need to work out the Tolerance

also with this g Grade.

As it is g6 for shaft, so for finding out the

Tolerance for the shaft, IT grade IT06, which
is 10i.

So the Tolerance will be 10i.

And for the Shaft, Fundamental Deviation
of g Grade may be acquired from the
Table.
es= −2.5D0.34 = −2.5x4.240.34 =
− 4.0854 m
• Tolerance with Shaft = 10i =
10x0.73279 = 7.328m
• So, Limits will be – 5.9959 (6 –
0.0040854) mm and –5.9885 mm (6 –
0.0040854 – 0.007328)
• For Shaft 6−0.0040854
−0.0114129
Problem 1: