BIO-GEOSPHERE AND

THE BIOTIC FACTORS

ORGANISMS
Learning Objectives

•Identify what is an organism

•Introduce the classification of organisms
•Differentiate the types of interactions
between organisms
CLASSIFICATION OF
ORGANISMS
Classification
of Organisms
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Dear King Philip Came Over For Good Spaghetti.
 SPECIES
A group of individuals with
the same gene pool or
genetic characteristics and
is capable of interbreeding
with one another
Binomial Nomenclature

•Developed by Carolus Linnaeus

•Two-name system
•Each organism has a Genus and
a species name
•First name (genus); second
name (species)
 Symbiotic
Relationships of
Organisms
 Herbivores - feed on plants
Carnivores - consume animals
Predators - kill and eat their prey
Parasites - sap energy and nutrients from
their living host
Parasitoid - species that requires and eats
HETEROTROPHIC only one animal in its life span by living
parasitically as a larva on a host, but the
SPECIES adult is free-living and may ultimately kill
many host by leaving eggs or larvae on the
host
Grazers - pluck plant parts without usually
killing the plant and without being small
enough to live in or on the plant
Mutualists - benefit the species with which
they are closely associated.
 MUTUALISMa symbiotic relationship where both
species benefit from the interaction

Photo by Jenny
Commensalism When a bird builds a As the cattle move
a symbiotic nest in a tree, the through the grass,
relationship where bird gains shelter they stir up the
and the tree is not insects that the
one species benefits affected. egrets eat.
from the interaction
and the other
species is neither
harmed nor helped
Parasitism – a symbiotic relationship where one species benefits from
the relationship and the other species is harmed
A Parasitoid Wasp, which uses its long ovipositor to insert its
eggs into the larvae of other insects, where they develop by
consuming their host.
 Competition
- an interaction where two species require the same limited resource
such as food, water, shelter, or sunlight
PREDATION
an interaction
where one species
kills and consumes
another species

A predator may be defined as any

organism that consumes all or part
of another living organism
A prey is the one a predator caught
and kill
THANK YOU