Tp2: Convection Naturelle

HAMDI OMAR FAROUK

KABOUCH MELYANI
benyettou abdenour
Objective:
to demonstrate the relationship between power input
and surface temperature in free convection.

Methode :
By measuring the ambient air temperature in the duct
and the heated plate temperature at different changes
on the heater power.

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Comemnt on graph:
• The relationship between input power and
surface temperature is roughly linear. This means
that for each unit increase in input power, there is
a roughly constant increase in surface
temperature.
• There is a slight upward curvature to the line.
This suggests that the rate of increase in surface
temperature may be slightly higher at higher
input powers.
• The y-intercept is not zero. This means that even
with no input power, there is still some surface
temperature. This could be due to factors such as
ambient temperature or heat from other sources.
• The data points appear to be scattered around the
line. This could be due to experimental error or
other factors that affect the heat transfer process

Conclusion:

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Any heat transfer requires a temperature difference.

The heat transfer coefficient by convection depends

on:

• The nature of the fluid and the surface being

crossed. For example, hot air is a better conductor
of heat than cold air.
• The temperature difference between the two
surfaces. The greater the temperature difference,
the faster the heat transfer.

Natural (or free) convection is due to the difference in

density between the particles that make up the fluid.

In other words:

• The particles of the hot fluid are less dense than

the particles of the cold fluid.
• The hot fluid particles rise, while the cold fluid
particles sink.
• This movement creates a flow of heat from the hot
fluid to the cold fluid.in the hot areas, particles
rise and leave their place to colder particles. They
give up part of their thermal energy, which lowers
their temperature. This pushes them to join a
hotter area.

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We note that the total heat losses of the cylinder and
the actual power provided to the heated cylinder are
directly proportional.

We note that the heat transferred calculated by

convection Qc and by radiation Qr are widely
different. This is due to three important criteria:

• Material and medium of transfer: The heat

transfer coefficient for convection depends on the
material and the medium through which the heat
is transferred. For example, heat transfer is faster
through water than through air.
• Transport of matter: Convection requires the
transport of matter, while radiation does not. This
means that convection is more efficient in fluids
than in solids.
• Surface area: The larger the surface area, the
more heat can be transferred.

Particles in hot areas rise, leaving their place to

colder particles. They give up some of their thermal
energy, which lowers their temperature. This pushes
them to join a hotter area.

We note that the total heat losses of the cylinder and

the actual power provided to the heated cylinder are
directly proportional.

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We note that the heat transferred calculated by
convection Qc and by radiation Qr are widely
different. This is due to three important criteria:

• Material and medium of transfer: The heat

transfer coefficient for convection depends on the
material and the medium through which heat is
transferred. For example, heat transfer is faster
through water than through air.
• Transport of matter: Convection requires the
transport of matter, while radiation does not. This
means that convection is more efficient in fluids
than in solids.
• Surface area: The larger the surface area, the
more heat can be transferred.

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