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IGCSE Chapter (13)
10th Grade INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC 1
Q1: (a) Define the terms:
1- Hydrocarbon: ………………………………….…………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2- Isomers: ………..……………………………….…………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3- Homologous Series: ……………………….…………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4- Functional group: ………………………….…………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
(b) State four general characteristics of a homologous series.
1- ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2- ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3- ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4- ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Q2: Write the number of each compound in its correct family.

Family No.
Alkanes
Alkenes
Alcohols
Carboxylic
Acids
Q3: Complete the names or draw the structure in the table.

Homologues Molecular
Name Series Formula Structural Formula

Propane

Ethanol

Hexanol

Pentanoic
Acid
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IGCSE Chapter (13)
10th Grade INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC 2
Q1
Q2:
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Chemistry 0620

64
IGCSE Chapter (13)
10th Grade PETROLIUM & CRACKING
Q1: The diagram shows the separation of crude oil into fractions.
a- What is the name of part (1)? ………………………………
b- What part (2) represents? …………………………..
c- What is the name of this separation process?
…………………………………………………………… ………

d- This process depends on two factors:

1- ………………………………………………………..
2- ………………………………………………………..
e- Explain why crude oil must be separated?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………

f- Give the name, state and one use for each fraction.
X: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Y: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Z: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
W: ……………………………………………………………………….…………………………………..
Q: …………………………………………………………………………..………………………………..
P: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Natural gas: ……………………………………………………………….……………………………
Lubricating oil: ……………………………………….…………………….…………………………

g- 1- Which fraction has greater boiling point Z or Q? ……….…………….……………….

2- Which fraction has lower mass X or W? ……….…………….……………….
3- Which fraction has higher viscosity Z or P? ……….…………….……………….
4- Which fraction has lower volatility X or Y? ……….…………….……………….
Q2:

Q3: This question is about cracking.

a- Define the term Cracking : ………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

b- Why the separated fractions must be cracked?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

c- State two conditions needed for cracking alkanes.

1- ……………………………………………….. 2- ……………….…………………………………..

d- Write three different examples of cracking reactions of C12H24.

1- ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2- ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3- ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

e- Write three different examples of cracking reactions of decane.

1- ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2- ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3- ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
 Omareyah International School
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65
IGCSE Chapter (13)
10th Grade ALKANES
Q1: Complete the table below of Alkanes.

Molecular
Member

Name Formula Structural Formula

(CnH2n+2)

1st Methane

2nd C2H6

3rd

4th

5th C5H12

6th

7th

8th Octane
Q2: Complete and balance the following chemical equations of alkanes.

1- C3H 8 + O2(g) → ………………………………………………….…………..……..

2- C5H12 + O2(g) → ………………………………………………….…………..……..
3- CH4 + Cl2(g) → ………………………………………….……….…………..……..
4- C2H 6 + Cl2(g) → …………………………………..…………….…………..……..

Q3:
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IGCSE Chapter (13)
10th Grade ALKENES
Q1: Complete the table below of Alkenes.

Molecular
Member

Name Formula Structural Formula

(CnH2n)

1st

2nd C3H6

3rd Butene

4th

5th C6H12

6th

7th
Q2: Complete and balance the following chemical equations of alkanes.
complete combustion:
1- C3H 6 + O2(g) → ………………………………………………….…………..……..
2- C5H10 + O2(g) → ………………………………………………….…………..……..
incomplete combustion:
1- C5H10 + O2(g) → ………………………………………………….…………..……..
2- C4H 8 + O2(g) → ………………………………………………….…………..……..
3- C2H 4 + O2(g) → ………………………………………………….…………..……..
For the following reactions; draw and name the of the product:

1- + H2(g) ( ) →

2- + Br2(aq) →

3- + H2O(g) →
( )

4- + Cl2(g) →

Q3:
(a) Explain the difference between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(b)Describe a test to distinguish between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 Omareyah International School
Cambridge
Chemistry 0620

67
IGCSE Chapter (13)
10th Grade ALKANES & ALKENES
Q1:
Q3:
 Omareyah International School
Cambridge
Chemistry 0620

68
IGCSE Chapter (13)
10th Grade ALCOHOLS
Q1: Complete the table below of Alcohols.

Molecular Structural Formula

Member

Name Formula
(CnH2n+1OH) (all isomers)

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

5th
Q2: Complete and balance the following chemical equations of alcohols.
complete combustion:
1- C3H7OH + O2(g) → ………………………………………….…………..……..
2- CH3OH + O2(g) → …………………………………………….…………..……..
incomplete combustion:
1- C2H5OH + O2(g) → …………………..……………………….…………..……..
2- C4H9OH + O2(g) → …………………………………………….…………..……..

Q3: This question is about ethanol.

(a) State two major uses of ethanol.
1- ……………………………………………. 2- ………………………………………………..
(b) Ethanol can be manufactured by two different industrial methods,
describe the two method as follows:
Method (1): using ethene Name: …………………………..……………..…..……
Temperature: ……….○C Pressure: ………… atm Catalyst: ………………..……
Reagents to react: ………………………………………………………………………………..
Chemical reaction: ………………………………………………………………………………..
Method (2): using fruit sugar Name: ……………………..……………..…..……
Temperature: …………….○C Catalyst: ……………………..
Major condition: ………………………………………………………………………………….
Reagents to react: ………………………………………………………………………………..
Chemical reaction: ………………………………………………………………………………..
(c) Compare between the two methods in the following table:
Catalytic Addition Fermentation
of Steam

………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....
advantages ………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....

………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....
disadvantages ………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....
………………………………………….....
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Chemistry 0620

69
IGCSE Chapter (13)
10th Grade CARBOXILIC ACIDS
Q1: Complete the table below of Alcohols.

Molecular
Member

Name Formula Structural Formula

(CnH2n+1COOH)

1st

2nd

3rd

Q2: Complete and balance the following chemical equations of alcohols.

1- C2H5COOH + Na(s) → …………………………………….…………..……..
salt name: ………………………………………………………………..………………….
2- C2H5COOH + Mg(s) → …………………………………….…………..……..
salt name: ………………………………………………………………..………………….

3- C2H5COOH + NaOH(aq) → …………………………………….……..……..

4- C2H5COOH + CaCO3(s) → …………………………………….……...……..
salt name: ………………………………………………………………..………………….
5- HCOOH + K(s) → …………………………………….………..…..……..
salt name: ………………………………………………………………..………………….
6- HCOOH + Ca(OH)2(aq) → …………………………………….………..
salt name: ………………………………………………………………..………………….
Q3: This question is about Ethanoic Acid.
(a) State the common name of ethanoic acid.…………………………………………….
(b) Ethanoic acid can be manufactured by the oxidation of ethanol.
describe the two method as follows:
Method (1): Fermentation
Catalyst: ………………………………………………………………………………………..……
Reagents to react: ………………………………………………………………………………..
Chemical reaction: ………………………………………………………………………………..

Method (2): using oxidising agent

Oxidising agent needed: ……………………………………………………………………….
Chemical reaction: ………………………………………………………………………………..
Colour Change: from ……………………………….. to ……………………………………..

Q4: Complete the dot and cross diagram for the next carboxylic acid.

Name: ………………………………………………………………………………………..……
use ● to show the electrons of carbon
use x to show the electrons of oxygen
use ○ to show the electrons of hydrogen
 Omareyah International School
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Chemistry 0620

70
IGCSE Chapter (13)
10th Grade ESTERS
Q1: This question is about Esters.
(a) State the two conditions needed for esterification.
1- ………………………………………… 2- …………………………………………………
(b) Complete the information below for each ester:

Molecular Formula: C5H12O2

Ester (1): name: ………………………………….. structural formula:…………………………...
alcohol : …………………………..….. structural formula:…………………………...
carb. acid : …………..…………..….. structural formula:…………………………...
displayed formula of ester (1):

Ester (2): name: ………………………………….. structural formula:…………………………...

alcohol : …………………………..….. structural formula:…………………………...
carb. acid : …………..…………..….. structural formula:…………………………...
displayed formula of ester (2):

Ester (3): name: ………………………………….. structural formula:…………………………...

alcohol : …………………………..….. structural formula:…………………………...
carb. acid : …………..…………..….. structural formula:…………………………...
displayed formula of ester (3):
Q2: Complete the table.