Periods in Western art history

This is a chronological list of periods in Western art history. An art period is a phase in
the development of the work of an artist, groups of artists or art movement.

Ancient Classical art

Minoan art
Aegean art
Ancient Greek art
Roman art

Medieval art
Early Christian – 260 – 525
Migration Period – 300 – 900
Anglo-Saxon – 400 – 1066
Visigothic – 415 – 711
Pre-Romanesque – 500 – 1000
Insular – 600 – 1200
Viking – 700 – 1100
Byzantine
Merovingian
Carolingian
Ottonian
Romanesque – 1000 – 1200
Norman-Sicilian – 1100 – 1200
Gothic – 1100 – 1400

International Gothic

Renaissance
Italian Renaissance – late 13th century – c. 1600 – late 15th century – late 16th century
Renaissance Classicism
Early Netherlandish painting – 1400 – 1500
Early Cretan School – post-Byzantine art or Cretan Renaissance 1400 – 1500
Mannerism and Late Renaissance – 1520 – 1600, began in central Italy

Baroque to Neoclassicism
Baroque – 1600 – 1730, began in Rome

Dutch Golden Age painting – 1585 – 1702

Flemish Baroque painting – 1585 – 1700
 Caravaggisti – 1590 – 1650
Rococo – 1720 – 1780, began in France
Neoclassicism – 1750 – 1830, began in Rome
Later Cretan School, Cretan Renaissance – 1500 – 1700
Heptanese School – 1650 – 1830, began on Ionian Islands

Romanticism
Nazarene movement – c. 1820 – late 1840s
The Ancients – 1820s – 1840s
Purismo – c. 1820 – 1860s
Düsseldorf school – mid-1820s – 1860s
Hudson River School – 1850s – c. 1880
Luminism – 1850s – 1870s, United States
Modern Greek art – 1830 – 1930s, Greece

Romanticism to modern art

Norwich school – 1803 – 1833, England
Biedermeier – 1815 – 1848, Germany
Realism – 1830 – 1870, began in France
Barbizon school – 1830 – 1870, France
Peredvizhniki – 1870 – 1890, Russia

Abramtsevo Colony – 1870s, Russia

Hague School – 1870 – 1900, Netherlands
American Barbizon School 1850 – 1890s – United States
Spanish Eclecticism – 1845 – 1890, Spain
Macchiaioli – 1850s, Tuscany, Italy
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood – 1848 – 1854, England

Modern art
Note: The countries listed are the country in which the movement or group started. Most
modern art movements were international in scope.

Impressionism – 1860 – 1890, France

American Impressionism – 1880, United States

Cos Cob Art Colony – 1890s, United States

Heidelberg School – late 1880s, Australia

Luminism (Impressionism)
Arts and Crafts movement – 1880 – 1910, United Kingdom
Tonalism – 1880 – 1920, United States
Symbolism (arts) – 1880 – 1910, France/Belgium

Russian Symbolism – 1884 – c. 1910, Russia

 Aesthetic movement – 1868 – 1901, United Kingdom
Post-impressionism – 1886 – 1905, France

Les Nabis – 1888 – 1900, France

Cloisonnism – c. 1885, France
Synthetism – late 1880s – early 1890s, France
Neo-impressionism – 1886 – 1906, France

Pointillism – 1879, France

Divisionism – 1880s, France
Art Nouveau – 1890 – 1914, France

Vienna Secession (or Secessionstil) – 1897, Austria

Mir iskusstva – 1899, Russia
Jugendstil – Germany, Scandinavia
Modernisme – 1890 – 1910, Spain
Russian avant-garde – 1890 – 1930, Russia/Soviet Union
Art à la Rue – 1890s – 1905, Belgium/France
Young Poland – 1890 – 1918, Poland
Hagenbund – 1900 – 1930, Austria
Fauvism – 1904 – 1909, France
Expressionism – 1905 – 1930, Germany

Die Brücke – 1905 – 1913, Germany

Der Blaue Reiter – 1911, Germany
Flemish Expressionism – 1911–1940, Belgium
Bloomsbury Group – 1905 – c. 1945, England
Cubism – 1907 – 1914, France

Jack of Diamonds – 1909 – 1917, Russia

Orphism – 1912, France
Purism – 1918 – 1926, France
Ashcan School – 1907, United States
Art Deco – 1909 – 1939, France
Futurism – 1910 – 1930, Italy

Russian Futurism – 1912 – 1920s, Russia

Cubo-Futurism – 1912 – 1915, Russia
Rayonism – 1911, Russia
Synchromism – 1912, United States
Universal Flowering – 1913, Russia
Vorticism – 1914 – 1920, United Kingdom
Biomorphism – 1915 – 1940s
Suprematism – 1915 – 1925, Russia

UNOVIS – 1919 – 1922, Russia

Dada – 1916 – 1930, Switzerland
Proletkult – 1917 – 1925, Russia
Productijism – after 1917, Russia
 De Stijl (Neoplasticism) – 1917 – 1931, Netherlands (Utrecht)
Pittura Metafisica – 1917, Italy
Arbeitsrat für Kunst – 1918 – 1921
Bauhaus – 1919 – 1933, Germany
The "Others" – 1919, United States
Constructivism – 1920s, Russia/Soviet Union

Vkhutemas – 1920 – 1926, Russia

Precisionism – c. 1920, United States
Surrealism – since 1920s, France

Acéphale – 1936 – 1939, France

Lettrism – 1942 –
Les Automatistes 1946 – 1951, Quebec, Canada
Devetsil – 1920 – 1931
Group of Seven – 1920 – 1933, Canada
Harlem Renaissance – 1920 – 1930s, United States
American scene painting – c. 1920 – 1945, United States
New Objectivity (Neue Sachlichkeit) – 1920s, Germany
Grupo Montparnasse – 1922, France
Northwest School – 1930s – 1940s, United States
Social realism – 1929, international
Socialist realism – c. 1920 – 1960, began in Soviet Union

Leningrad School of Painting – 1930s – 1950s, Soviet Union

Socrealism – 1949 – 1955, Poland
Abstraction-Création – 1931 – 1936, France
Allianz – 1937 – 1950s, Switzerland
Abstract Expressionism – 1940s, Post WWII, United States

Action painting – 1940s – 1950s, United States

Tachisme – late-1940s – mid-1950s, France
Color field painting
Lyrical Abstraction
COBRA – 1946 – 1952, Denmark/Belgium/The Netherlands
Abstract Imagists – United States
Art informel mid-1940s – 1950s

Contemporary art
Contemporary art – 1946–present

Note: there is overlap with what is considered "contemporary art" and "modern art."

Contemporary Greek art – 1945 Greece

Vienna School of Fantastic Realism – 1946, Austria
Neo-Dada – 1950s, international
International Typographic Style – 1950s, Switzerland
Soviet Nonconformist Art – 1953 – 1986, Soviet Union
Painters Eleven – 1954 – 1960, Canada
Pop Art – mid-1950s, United Kingdom/United States
Woodlands School – 1958 – 1962, Canada
Situationism – 1957 – early 1970s, Italy
New realism – 1960 –
Magic realism – 1960s, Germany
Minimalism – 1960 –
Hard-edge painting – early 1960s, United States
Fluxus – early 1960s – late-1970s
Happening – early 1960 –
Video art – early 1960 –
Psychedelic art – early 1960s –
Conceptual art – 1960s –
Graffiti – 1960s –
Junk art – 1960s –
Performance art – 1960s –
Op Art – 1964 –
Post-painterly abstraction – 1964 –
Lyrical Abstraction – mid-1960s –
Process art – mid-1960s – 1970s
Arte Povera – 1967 –
Art and Language – 1968, United Kingdom
Photorealism – late 1960s – early 1970s
Land art – late-1960s – early 1970s
Post-minimalism – late 1960s – 1970s
Postmodern art – 1970 – present
Deconstructivism
Metarealism – 1970 – 1980, Soviet Union
Sots Art – 1972 – 1990s, Soviet Union/Russia
Installation art – 1970s –
Mail art – 1970s –
Maximalism – 1970s –
Neo-expressionism – late 1970s –
Neoism – 1979
Figuration Libre – early 1980s
Street art – early 1980s
Young British Artists – 1988 –
Digital art – 1990 – present
Toyism – 1992 – present
Massurrealism – 1992 –
Stuckism – 1999 –
Remodernism – 1999 –
Excessivism – 2015 –
See also
Aegean art
African art
Indigenous Australian art
Arts of the ancient world
Art of Ancient Egypt
Art in Ancient Greece
Asian art
Buddhist art
Confucian art
Coptic art
Hindu art
Indian art
Islamic art
Naive Art
Pre-Columbian art
Pre-historic art
Roman art
Visigothic art
Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas
Transgressive art
Outsider art

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