Disability-Inclusion (Basics)

Presented by: Abner Manlapaz

Life Haven Center for Independent Living
Session 1:
Understanding of GEDSI Issues & Practices
Intersectionality
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challenges the CEDAW
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Lives in
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can have only PERSON area

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ed poverty PD
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Being aware
of- and
taking
measures to-
what causes
exclusion or
discrimination
is key to
social
inclusion.
 Twin-track Approach as foundation
in building a disability-inclusive system

Making mainstream
Developing or reforming
schemes inclusive
disability-specific
(prevent discrimination
schemes
and optimize inclusion
to support inclusion and
thru disability-specific
participation
support measures)

Making interlinkages to other programs 5

and policies to optimize outcome
What are the mainstream initiatives?
What are the disability-specific initiatives?
What would happen if we changed one of the variables/parameters?

KAZOL REKHA

https://youtu.be/
4XKFtRiVd_c?si=c
Y4Oy5-
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7
What are the mainstream initiatives?
What are the disability-specific initiatives?
What would happen if we changed one of the variables/parameters?

ATENI from
GHANA

https://youtu.be/l
SZIUbYLDls?si=imZ
4GQjRG_ZAn9k_
Session: Disability-Inclusion Sensitization
The Power of Language & Label

• Words have power.

• By using certain terms to describe persons
with disabilities, you may inadvertently be
• perpetuating negative stereotypes,
• reinforcing attitudinal barriers and
• showing disrespect

• Persons with disabilities are individual human

beings, who should not be defined by their
circumstances. 10
‘Persons with disabilities’
(taong may kapansanan)
‘Women with Disabilities’
(kababaihang may kapansanan)
‘Persons without disabilities’
(taong walang kapansanan)
‘Youth with Disabilities’
(Kabataang may kapansanan)
‘Children with Disabilities’
(Mga batang may kapansanan) 11
 X
• ‘Handicapped’
• ‘Physically Or Mentally
Challenged’
• ‘Differently-abled’
• ‘Suffer’, ‘Stricken’, ‘victim’,
‘Wheelchair-bound’, etc.
• ‘Special’
• ‘PWD/WWD’
• Normal / Abnormal 12
The 4 popular approaches to disability

2006 Convention
Timeline

Charity approach

Medical approach

Social approach

Human Rights approach 13

Charity Model

Poor people, we should help

them, if we can and want to…

Charity
house

Persons with disabilities are in a tragic situation

How this model sees Persons with disabilities cannot take care of themselves
disability: Persons with disabilities inspire compassion
Persons with disabilities are objects of benevolence
 Medical Model

Poor people, we should fix them, so they

can participate.
Rehabilitation
Center

Persons with disabilities need to be cured

How this model sees Persons with disabilities play the passive role of patients
disability: Persons with disabilities are considered abnormal
Persons with disabilities are unable to live independently
Social Model We need to eliminate the barriers
to enable the participation of
persons with disabilities.

Hospital School

Disability is the result of a wrong way of organizing society: thus, persons with
How this disabilities face bias and barriers that prevent their equal participation
model sees Disability is not an individual problem and mainly lies in the social environment
disability: that can be limiting or empowering depending on many factors
Persons with disabilities can and should participate in society
Human Rights Model We, persons with and without
disabilities, are part of the same
society and we have the same rights
and obligations

Co No
nve n -d
Equal No ntion isc
rim
participation w!
ina
tio
n
State

Ensures full and equal enjoyment of all human rights to persons with
disabilities, and promotes respect for their inherent dignity
How this Focuses on equal opportunities, non-discrimination on the basis
model sees of disability and participation in society
disability:
Requires authorities to ensure rights and not restrict them
Views persons with disabilities as rights-holders
 Who are persons with disabilities?

that hinders
persons with facing their full and
(long-term) various effective
impairment barriers participation
in society
18
 How disability is created or reduced

Environmental
Personal factors
(Physical & Individual factors
Impact of Socioeconomic) (Accessibility, Laws/Policies,
Socioeconomic, Services)

Interaction

Social participation 19
 Barriers
š Physical environment: steps, uneven paths, narrow
doorways, open drains, inaccessible equipment/
vehicles, etc.
š Information & Communication: Information, only in
written or audio format. Lack of
interpreters/translation, not available on easy-to-
read format, etc.
š Institutional/Policy: Discriminatory laws, policies,
practices and procedures, etc.
š Attitudinal: stigma, discrimination, negative
20
assumptions, exclusion, teasing, etc. 20
General Principles of the Convention on
the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

1. Respect for dignity and 5. Equality of opportunity

individual autonomy
2. Non-discrimination
• includes denial of
Reasonable
Accommodation
3. Participation and inclusion
4. Respect for difference and
diversity
6. Accessibility
7. Equality between men and
women
8. Respect for the evolving
capacities of children with
disabilities and preservation
of their identities
21
 Discrimination
Distinction Exclusion Restriction
whether directly or indirectly

nullifies
or impairs

recognition, enjoyment or exercise

of all human rights & fundamental freedoms
Denial of reasonable accommodation is discrimination!
Reasonable accommodation means

š necessary & appropriate modification or adjustments

š not imposing a disproportionate or undue burden
š where needed in a particular case
š to ensure enjoyment or exercise
š of all human rights & fundamental freedoms
š on an equal basis with others
 Reasonable accommodation

Is it needed to
ensure
inclusion?
No Yes
Is it imposing a
disproportionate
burden?
No Yes
Reasonable In this case,
accommodation is it discrimination?
is provided
Reasonable Accommodation
or Accessibility?
Reasonable Accommodation
or Accessibility?
Reasonable Accommodation
or Accessibility?

šA Deaf person asking the organizer of the

consultation meeting to provide sign language
interpreter.
Reasonable Accommodation
or Accessibility?
Reasonable Accommodation
or Accessibility?

šIn a conference, live captioning was made

available during the whole duration of the
conference to ensure that Deaf and people with
hard of hearing have access to information.
Reasonable Accommodation
or Accessibility?
Reasonable Accommodation
or Accessibility?

šA person with psychosocial disability requesting for

flexible time by allowing that the working hours to
start late because of the effects of medication
during early morning.
What could be
the reasonable
accommodation
here?
33
Thank You
abner.manlapaz@gmail.com
 What can you do to
better consider
persons with
disability in projects?
The project cycle

ãCBM
 Disability inclusive project

Some guiding questions:

Analysis
ü Are stakeholders aware of the need to include persons with
disabilities? What are the initiatives undertaken to identify barriers?

ü Are persons with disabilities aware of their rights & entitlements?

Awareness
ü Are persons with disabilities involved in raising awareness?
Participation
ü Are persons with disabilities participating in the analysis?
Empowerment ü Are venues/ meetings fully accessible?

ü Are disability-specific data available? Are persons with disabilities

Accessibility
been involved in data collection?
 Disability inclusive project

Some guiding questions:

Planning
ü Does project design consider the needs of persons with disabilities,
have indicators been formulated?

ü Will there be negative impacts for persons with disabilities? Are

strategies to overcome barriers been considered?
Awareness
ü Are persons with disabilities participating in the planning?
Participation
ü In what way will the project empower persons with disabilities?
Empowerment ü Does the budget include costs related to disability-specific
measures?
Accessibility
 Disability inclusive project

Some guiding questions:

Implementation
ü Does the monitoring include disability-specific indicators?
and Monitoring
ü Are disability-specific budget being spent accordingly?

ü Are persons with disabilities or OPDs being involved in consultation &

Awareness implementation?

Participation ü If a disability perspective was not included, have steps been taken to
minimize the possible negative impacts?
Empowerment ü Are persons with disabilities able to access interventions?

Accessibility
 Disability inclusive project

Some guiding questions:

Evaluation
ü Does the scope of the evaluation include a disability perspective?

ü Are persons with disabilities included as stakeholders or facilitators in

the evaluation?
Awareness ü Are venues/ meetings accessible for persons with disabilities?

Participation ü Does the M&E system include indicators and other measurements of
disability inclusion?
Empowerment

Accessibility
Disability inclusive – organizational level

ü Are there leadership, regional partners interested in disability?

ü Can disability be linked to organization’s vision and mission?

ã CBM DID
ü Are there any positions filled with persons with disabilities?

ü Is there the need to strengthen capacities?

ü Have resources been allocated for disability inclusion?

ü Does the organization participate in relevant networks?

Thank You
abner.manlapaz@gmail.com