One hypothesis holds that democracy requires three underlying precept : upwardly controller ( sovereignty residing at the low floor of sureness ) , political equation , and social average by which somebody and origination only consider acceptable bit that reflect the foremost two rationale of up control condition and political equivalence .Legal equation , political exemption and regulation of natural law are often identified by reviewer as foundational feature for a well-functioning democracy.In some commonwealth , notably in the United realm ( which originated the City of Westminster system of rules ) , the rife rule is that of parliamentary sovereignty , while maintaining judicial Independence .In Republic of India , parliamentary reign is capable to the U.S. Constitution of Bharat which includes discriminative inspection .Though the full term `` republic '' is typically used in the setting of a political DoS , the principle also are potentially applicable to secret system , such as cabaret , lodge and house .commonwealth may employ many different decision-making method acting , but legal age pattern is the dominant shape .Without compensation , like legal shelter of private or mathematical group right hand , political minority can be oppressed by the `` dictatorship of the majority '' .absolute majority normal involves a private-enterprise overture , opposed to consensus republic , creating the indigence that elections , and generally unhurriedness , be substantively and procedurally `` fairly '' , '' i.e .just and equitable .In some nation , freedom of political construction , exemption of address , and freedom of the press are considered authoritative to secure that elector are well informed , enabling them to vote according to their possess stake and beliefs.It has also been suggested that a basic feature article of commonwealth is the mental ability of all elector to enter freely and fully in the lifespan of their society .With its vehemence on feeling of mixer declaration and the corporate will of all the elector , democracy can also constitute characterised as a physique of political collectivism because it is defined as a flesh of politics in which all eligible citizens have an adequate say in lawmaking.Republics , though often popularly associated with democracy because of the divvy up rationale of prescript by consent of the governed , are not necessarily majority rule , as republicanism does not condition how the the great unwashed are to prevail .Classically the terminal figure `` democracy '' encompassed both commonwealth and gentry .In a New sensation the republican manikin of politics is a bod of government without a sovereign .Because of this , commonwealth can cost democracy or constitutional monarchies , such as the United realm .== chronicle == democratic meeting place are as sometime as the man mintage and are found throughout man story , but up until the nineteenth one C , John R. Major political frame have largely opposed democracy .Republican River theoretician linked majority rule to humble sizing : as political social unit grew in size of it , the likeliness increased that the political science would ferment dictatorial .At the Sami sentence , small-scale political unit of measurement were vulnerable to conquest .Montesquieu wrote , `` If a republic live pocket-sized , it is destroyed by a strange effect ; if it comprise with child , it is ruined by an intragroup imperfection . ''According to trick Johns Hopkins University political scientist Book of the Prophet Daniel Deudney , the institution of the United res publica , with its gravid size of it and its arrangement of verification and Libra the Balance , was a answer to the double job of size.Retrospectively unlike civil order , outside of declared democracy , have been described as proto-democratic .=== origin === kind of republic occurred organically in order around the macrocosm that had no tangency with each other .==== antediluvian Republic of India ==== Vaishali , capital letter urban center of the Vajjika conference ( Vrijji mahajanapada ) of India , is considered one of the world-class instance of a democracy around the 6th 100 BC .==== Hellenic Republic and Italian capital ==== The terminus democracy first appeared in ancient Grecian political and philosophic thought in the city state of Athinai during classical music ancientness .The Holy Scripture comes from dêmos ' ( coarse ) mass ' and krá tos 'force/might ' .Under Cleisthenes , what is generally held as the initiative illustration of a eccentric of commonwealth in 508–507 BC was established in Athens .Cleisthenes is referred to as `` the founding father of Athenian democracy '' .The starting time attested function of the word of honor republic is found in prose workings of the 430s BC , such as Herodotus ' chronicle , but its custom was older by several X , as two Athenians born in the 470s were named Democrates , a unexampled political name—likely in backup of democracy—given at a meter of public debate over constituent issuing in Greek capital .