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Cat Dokumen - Tips - C15-Troubleshooting
Cat Dokumen - Tips - C15-Troubleshooting
Cat Dokumen - Tips - C15-Troubleshooting
c om
SENR9698-01
July 2003
Troubleshooting
C11, C13 and C15 On-highway Engines
KCA1-Up (Engine)
KCB1-Up (Engine)
BXS1-Up (Engine)
i01658146
Do not operate or perform any lubrication, maintenance or repair on this product, until you have
read and understood the operation, lubrication, maintenance and repair information.
Safety precautions and warnings are provided in this manual and on the product. If these hazard
warnings are not heeded, bodily injury or death could occur to you or to other persons.
The hazards are identified by the “Safety Alert Symbol” and followed by a “Signal Word” such as
“DANGER”, “WARNING” or “CAUTION”. The Safety Alert “WARNING” label is shown below.
The message that appears under the warning explains the hazard and can be either written or
pictorially presented.
Operations that may cause product damage are identified by “NOTICE” labels on the product and in
this publication.
Caterpillar cannot anticipate every possible circumstance that might involve a potential hazard. The
warnings in this publication and on the product are, therefore, not all inclusive. If a tool, procedure,
work method or operating technique that is not specifically recommended by Caterpillar is used,
you must satisfy yourself that it is safe for you and for others. You should also ensure that the
product will not be damaged or be made unsafe by the operation, lubrication, maintenance or
repair procedures that you choose.
The information, specifications, and illustrations in this publication are on the basis of information that
was available at the time that the publication was written. The specifications, torques, pressures,
measurements, adjustments,
affect the service that is givenillustrations, andObtain
to the product. other items can change
the complete andat anycurrent
most time. These changes
information can
before
you start any job. Caterpillar dealers have the most current information available.
3
Table of Contents
4
Table of Contents
0100-11 Very Low Oil Pressure (46) ................... 131 0283-07 Intake Valve Actuation Oil Pressure not
0102-03 Boost Pressure voltage high (25) ......... 135 responding (91) ................................................. 155
0102-04 Boost Pressure voltage low (25) ........... 135 0284-05 Engine Coolant Diverter current low
0105-00 High Intake Manifold Air Temperature (98) .................................................................... 155
Warning (64) ..................................................... 135 0284-06 Engine Coolant Diverter current high
0105-03 Intake Manifold Air Temperature voltage (98) .................................................................... 155
high (38) ............................................................ 136 0285-05 Intake Valve Actuator #1 current low
0105-04 Intake Manifold Air Temperature voltage low (92) .................................................................... 156
(38) .................................................................... 137 0285-06 Intake Valve Actuator #1 current high
0105-11 Very High Intake Manifold Air Temperature (92) .................................................................... 156
(64) .................................................................... 137 0285-07 Intake Valve Actuator #1 not responding
0108-03 Barometric Pressure voltage high (26) .. 138 (92) .................................................................... 157
0108-04 Barometric Pressure voltage low (26) ... 138 0286-05 Intake Valve Actuator #2 current low
0110-00 High Coolant Temperature Warning (92) .................................................................... 157
(61) .................................................................... 138 0286-06 Intake Valve Actuator #2 current high
0110-03 Coolant Temperature voltage high (92) .................................................................... 157
(27) .................................................................... 139 0286-07 Intake Valve Actuator #2 not responding
0110-04 Coolant Temperature voltage low (27) .. 139 (92) .................................................................... 158
0110-11 Very High Coolant Temperature (61) .... 140 0287-05 Intake Valve Actuator #3 current low
0111-01 Low Coolant Level Warning (62) ........... 140 (93) .................................................................... 158
0111-02 Coolant Level signal invalid (12) ........... 141 0287-06 Intake Valve Actuator #3 current high
0111-03 Coolant Level voltage high (12) ............ 141 (93) .................................................................... 159
0111-04 Coolant Level voltage low (12) .............. 142 0287-07 Intake Valve Actuator #3 not responding
0111-11 Very Low Coolant Level (62) ................. 142 (93) .................................................................... 159
0111-14 Low Coolant Level Warning .................. 143 0288-05 Intake Valve Actuator #4 current low
0121-05 Low/High Retarder current low (14) ...... 144 (93) .................................................................... 159
0121-06 Low/High Retarder current high (14) .... 144 0288-06 Intake Valve Actuator #4 current high
0122-05 Med/High Retarder current low (14) ..... 144 (93) .................................................................... 160
0122-06 Med/High Retarder current high (14) .... 145 0288-07 Intake Valve Actuator #4 not responding
0166-14 Rated Engine Power Special (93) .................................................................... 160
Instructions ........................................................ 145 0289-05 Intake Valve Actuator #5 current low
0168-01 Low ECM Battery Power (17) ............... 146 (94) .................................................................... 160
0168-02 ECM Battery Power Intermittent (51) .... 146 0289-06 Intake Valve Actuator #5 current high
0171-03 Ambient Air Temperature voltage high .. 147 (94) .................................................................... 161
0171-04 Ambient Air Temperature voltage low ... 147 0289-07 Intake Valve Actuator #5 not responding
0171-11 Ambient Air Temperature Data Lost ..... 147 (94) .................................................................... 161
0174-00 High Fuel Temperature Warning (65) ... 148 0290-05 Intake Valve Actuator #6 current low
0174-03 Fuel Temperature voltage high (13) ...... 148 (94) .................................................................... 162
0174-04 Fuel Temperature voltage low (13) ....... 148 0290-06 Intake Valve Actuator #6 current high
0190-00 Engine Overspeed Warning (35) .......... 149 (94) .................................................................... 162
0190-08 Primary Engine Speed Loss of Signal 0290-07 Intake Valve Actuator #6 not responding
(34) .................................................................... 149 (94) .................................................................... 162
0191-07 Transmission Not Responding (68) ...... 149 0385-01 Low Intake Valve Actuation System Oil
0224-11 Theft Deterrent Active (00) ................... 150 Pressure ............................................................ 163
0224-14 Theft Deterrent Active with Engine Cranking 0385-03 Intake Valve Actuation System Oil Pressure
(00) .................................................................... 150 voltage high (95) ............................................... 163
0231-02 J1939 Data Incorrect (58) ..................... 151 0385-04 Intake Valve Actuation System Oil Pressure
0231-12 J1939 Device Not Responding ............. 151 voltage low (95) ................................................. 164
0232-03 5 Volt Supply voltage high (21) ............. 151
0232-04 5 Volt Supply voltage low (21) .............. 152 Diagnostic Functional Tests
0246-11 Brake Pedal Switch #1 Fault ................. 152 5 Volt Engine Pressure Sensor Supply Circuit -
0247-11 Brake Pedal Switch #2 Fault ................. 153 Test ................................................................... 165
0252-11 Engine Software Incorrect (59) ............. 153 Accelerator Pedal (Throttle) Position Sensor Circuit -
0253-02 Check Customer or System Parameters Test ................................................................... 169
(56) .................................................................... 153 Air Inlet Shutoff Circuit - Test .............................. 176
0253-11 Check Transmission Customer Parameters ATA (SAE J1587 / J1708) Data Link Circuit -
(56) .................................................................... 154 Test ................................................................... 182
0283-05 Intake Valve Actuation System Oil Pressure Auxiliary Brake Circuit - Test ............................... 190
Solenoid current low (97) .................................. 154 Check Engine Lamp Circuit - Test ....................... 195
0283-06 Intake Valve Actuation System Oil Pressure Clutch Pedal Position Switch Circuit - Test ......... 199
Solenoid current high (97) ................................. 154 Coolant Level Sensor Circuit - Test ..................... 204
5
Table of Contents
Calibration Procedures
Engine Speed/Timing Sensor - Calibrate ........... 443
Injector Code - Calibrate ..................................... 447
Vehicle Speed Circuit - Calibrate ........................ 448
Index Section
Index ................................................................... 452
6
Troubleshooting Section
i01939963
• The desired engine rpm in PTO control
System Overview Timing Considerations
SMCS Code: 1900
Once the governor has determined the amount of
fuel that is required, the governor must determine
System Operation the timing of the fuel injection. Fuel injection timing
is determined by the ECM after considering input
These truck engines were designed for electronic from the following components:
control. A solenoid on each injector controls the
amount of fuel that is delivered by the injector. An • Coolant temperature sensor
Engine Control Module (ECM) sends a signal to
each injector solenoid in order to provide complete • Intake manifold air temperature sensor
control of the engine.
• Atmospheric pressure sensor
Electronic Controls
• Boost pressure sensor
The electronic system consists of the Engine
Control Module (ECM), the engine sensors and the At start-up, the ECM determines the top center
vehicle interface. The ECM is the computer. The position of the number 1 cylinder from the signal
personality module is the software for the computer. for the secondary engine speed/timing sensor.
The personality module contains the operating After start-up, the ECM determines the top center
maps. The operating maps define the following position of the number 1 cylinder from the primary
characteristics of the engine: engine speed/timing sensor. The ECM decides
when fuel injection should occur relative to the top
• Horsepower center position and the ECM provides the signal to
the injector at the desired time. The ECM adjusts
Torque curves timing for the best engine performance, the best
• fuel economy and the best control of white smoke.
• RPM Actual timing cannot be viewed with the electronic
service tool, and Desired Timing cannot be viewed
• Other characteristics with the electronic service tool.
The electronic controls that are on the engine serve The ECM controls the amount of fuel that is injected
as the engine governor. by varying the signals to the injectors. The injectors
will pump fuel only if the injector solenoid is
The electronic controls determine the timing and energized. The ECM sends a high voltage signal
the amount of fuel that is delivered to the cylinders. to the solenoid. This high voltage signal energizes
These decisions are based on the actual conditions the solenoid. By controlling the timing and the
and the desired conditions at any given time. duration of the high
control injection voltage
timing signal,
and the ECMthe
canECM canthe
control
The governor uses the accelerator pedal position amount of fuel that is injected.
sensor to determine the desired engine speed.
The governor compares the desired engine speed
to the actual engine speed. The actual engine
speed is determined through the primary engine
speed/timing sensor. If the desired engine speed is
greater than the actual engine speed, the governor
injects more fuel in order to increase engine speed.
7
Troubleshooting Section
The personality module inside the ECM sets certain Many of the customer parameters provide additional
limits on the amount of fuel that can be injected. restrictions on the actions that will be performed
The “FRC Fuel Limit” is a limit that is based on the by the ECM in response to the driver’s input. For
boost pressure. The “FRC Fuel Limit” is used to example, the “PTO Top Engine Limit” is an engine
control the air/fuel ratio for control of emissions. rpm limit. The “PTO Top Engine Limit” is an engine
When the ECM senses a higher boost pressure, rpm limit that is used by the ECM as a cutoff for
the ECM increases the “FRC Fuel Limit”. A higher the fuel. The ECM will not fuel the injectors above
boost pressure indicates that there is more air in the this rpm.
cylinder. When the ECM increases the “FRC Fuel
Limit”, the ECM allows more fuel into the cylinder. Some parameters are intended to notify the driver
of potential engine damage (Engine Monitoring
The Rated Fuel Limit is a limit that is based on the Parameters). Some parameters enhance fuel
power rating of the engine and engine rpm. The economy (“Vehicle Speed”, “Cruise Control”,
Rated Fuel Limit is similar to the rack stops and the “Engine/Gear Speed Limit” Parameter and “Idle
torque spring on a mechanically governed engine. Shutdown” Parameters). Other parameters are used
The Rated Fuel Limit provides the power curves to enhance the engine installation into the vehicle.
and the torque curves for a specific engine family Other parameters are also used to provide engine
and a specific engine rating. All of these limits operating information to the truck engine owner.
are determined at the factory. These limits are in
the personality module and these limits cannot be
changed.
Engine Monitoring
Caterpillar provides a factory installed engine
monitoring system. The Caterpillar engine monitoring
system monitors engine oil pressure, coolant
temperature, intake manifold air temperature, and
coolant level (optional device). Optional devices are
OEM installed.
8
Troubleshooting Section
• High intake manifold air temperature The SHUTDOWN mode will shut down the engine
when any of the following conditions exist:
• Low oil pressure
• Oil pressure becomes very Low oil pressure.
DERATE Operation
• Coolant level becomes very Low coolant level.
If the system is programmed to DERATE, the ECM
causes the warning lamp to turn ON. The warning • Coolant temperature becomes very high coolant
lamp does not flash. Also, the ECM begins flashing temperature.
the check engine lamp. The flashing check engine
lamp indicates that a problem has been detected Monitoring Fuel Temperature
by the engine monitoring system.
The fuel temperature sensor monitors the fuel
This response is identical to the response when the temperature. The fuel rate that is calculated by
system is in the WARNING mode. the ECM is adjusted in order to compensate for
changes in fuel temperature. The fuel rate is
The DERATE mode alters the engine performance also adjusted for constant power. The sensor is
when any of the following conditions exist: also used to warn the operator of excessive fuel
temperature with a diagnostic event code because
• Oil pressure becomes very low oil pressure. excessive fuel temperatures can adversely affect
engine performance. The electronic service tool
• Coolant level becomes very low coolant level. can be used to temporarily disable the adjustment
of fuel temperature. This could be necessary for
• Coolant temperature becomes high coolant testing a vehicle on a dynamometer with fuel
temperature. temperature compensation.
9
Troubleshooting Section
10
Troubleshooting Section
• 105-11 Very High Intake Manifold Air Temperature “Total Fuel” is the total amount of fuel that is
consumed by the engine during operation.
• 110-11 Very High Coolant Temperature
“Total Max Fuel” is the maximum amount of fuel that
• 111-11 Very Low Coolant Level could have been consumed by the engine during
operation.
• 190-00 Engine Overspeed Warning
“Average Load Factor” provides relative engine
Refer to Troubleshooting, “Diagnostic Codes” for a operating information. “Average Load Factor”
listing of all of the diagnostic codes. compares actual engine operation information to
the maximum engine operation that is available.
“Average Load Factor” is determined by using “Total
ECM Lifetime Totals Max Fuel”, “Idle Fuel”, and “Total Fuel”. All of these
parameters are available by using the electronic
The ECM maintains total data of the engine for the
service tool. These parameters are available within
following parameters:
the menu for “Current Totals”.
• “Total Time” (Engine Hours)
Trip Data That Is Stored In The ECM
• “Total Distance”
The trip data allows the tracking of engine operation
“PTO Time” and “PTO Fuel” by the vehicle owner over intervals that are defined
• by the vehicle owner. Two types of trip data are
• “Idle Time” and “Idle Fuel” stored in the ECM, Driver Trip Data and Fleet Trip
Data. All of the trip data is stored in memory and
• “Average Load Factor ”(Engine) the trip data is maintained through the unswitched
battery lines when the key switch is OFF. An internal
• “Total Fuel” battery will maintain this information while the
unswitched battery lines are disconnected.
• “Total Max Fuel”
Driver Trip Data
The “total time” is the engine’s operating hours.
The engine hours do not include operating time Driver trip data is known as the driver trip segment.
when the ECM is powered ON but the engine is The driver trip segment includes data for the
not running. following parameters:
“Total Distance” data requires a vehicle speed • Total Time
sensor or an electronic vehicle speed source to be
connected to the ECM. The same sensor is used for • Driving Time
ECM vehicle speed. Distance can be displayed in
miles or kilometers. • Distance
“PTO Time” and “PTO Fuel” are logged if the engine • Fuel
RPM is set with the cruise switch and when the
engine is operating under a load. Also, the “PTO • Overall Fuel Economy
Time” and the “PTO Fuel” are logged when the PTO
On/Off switch is in the ON position and vehicle • Driving Fuel Economy
speed is within the range of the “PTO Vehicle Speed
Limit” parameter. • Idle Time
“Idle Time” and “Idle Fuel” can include operating • Idle Fuel
time when all of the following conditions are met:
• Percent Idle Time
• When engine speed is set by using the cruise
switches and the vehicle speed is within the • PTO Time
range of the “Idle Vehicle Speed Limit” parameter.
• PTO Fuel
• The engine is not operating under a load.
• Percent PTO Time
Fuel information can be displayed in US Gallons
or liters. • Average Load Factor
11
Troubleshooting Section
• Average Vehicle Speed When the data is reset, the ECM records the current
totals at the time of the reset. These totals are used
• Average Driving Speed as the starting point for the fleet trip. The following
tools access the recorded starting point:
• Maximum Vehicle Speed
• Cat ET
• Maximum Engine Speed
• Start Time • Caterpillar Fleet Information Software (FIS)
• Messenger
• End Time
The tool then subtracts the recorded starting point
• Start Odometer from the current totals in the ECM in order to
calculate the fleet trip data. Resetting the fleet trip
• End Odometer data requires customer passwords if the passwords
are programmed.
A driver trip segment can be reset by using the
electronic service tool or a Caterpillar Messenger Fleet Trip Custom Data
Driver Information Display.
Fleet trip custom data is part of the fleet trip
When the data is reset, the ECM stores the current segment. Fleet trip custom data allows the owner
totals at the time of the reset. This data is used of the vehicle to set five customized methods of
as the starting point for the driver trip data. The recording data for the vehicle. Refer to Illustration
electronic service tool or the Messenger accesses 2 for the basic program.
this starting point and the current totals from the
ECM in order to calculate the data for the driver trip
segment. Resetting the driver trip segment does
not require passwords.
• Caterpillar Fleet Information Software (FIS) Variables 3, 4, 6, and 7 define the minimum range
and the maximum range of variables 2 and 5.
• Caterpillar Messenger Driver Information Display
• Engine RPM
12
Troubleshooting Section
• PTO • PM1
• Engine Retarder • PM2
• Throttle Position • Cooling System Clean/Flush
• Brake The ECM uses the previous point of maintenance in
order to calculate the timing of the next scheduled
Refer to the example of a custom data program, as maintenance work.
shown below.
The maintenance indicator mode is programmable
“Fuel Burned when Fuel Temperature is between to hours or distance. The PM1 maintenance is
7 and 67 C (45 and 120 F) and Vehicle Speed programmable to the Off, Automatic Distance,
is between 87 and 137 km/h (55 and 85 mph)” Automatic Hours, Manual Distance, or Manual
Hours setting.
The custom data programs are protected by
customer passwords. The programs are stored in If the PM1 is programmed to the automatic mode,
permanent memory. The programs are not reset the ECM calculates the next point of maintenance
when the fleet trip segment is reset, but the data by considering the history of the vehicle’s operation
that is recorded for the trip is reset. from the previous maintenance interval. If the
vehicle has a history of poor fuel economy the
Fuel Correction Factor maintenance indicator parameter will occur sooner
than a vehicle with better fuel economy.
A Fuel Correction Factor is available for fine
tuning the calculations for fuel consumption. The The ECM also uses the engine oil capacity. A
Fuel Correction Factor is protected by customer larger engine oil capacity provides a longer
passwords. The Fuel Correction Factor enhances maintenance interval. The engine oil capacity is
the accuracy of the calculation for fuel consumption. programmed into the ECM in liters or quarts. If
Altering the Fuel Correction Factor does not affect the PM1 is programmed to the manual mode, the
data that is already stored in the ECM. Altering owner can program the ECM in the owner’s specific
the Fuel Correction Factor only affects data that is maintenance interval. The maintenance interval can
stored in the ECM after the Fuel Correction Factor be programmed to the owner’s specific interval
is entered. that is based on mileage or time. The interval for
the PM2 and the interval for the cooling system
Note: The Fuel Correction Factor should be adjusted Clean/Flush are established by the factory.
from data that has been recorded for a long time,
data from the fuel tank and recorded data in the Messenger
ECM.
The Caterpillar Messenger Driver Information
Display is available to provide engine operating
information to the driver. The Driver Trip Segment,
the Fleet Trip Segment, and the Maintenance
Indicator data can be viewed. However, the Fleet
Trip Histograms and the Custom Data cannot be
viewed from the display.
13
Troubleshooting Section
Messenger provides the ability to enter an ID code Maintenance Indicator information can be retrieved
for a driver in order to divide the fleet trip segment with the Caterpillar FIS.
for two drivers. If the driver enters the information
regarding the state of travel, the fleet trip segment When the Caterpillar FIS downloads the information,
can be tagged by the state of travel. the Caterpillar FIS also resets the ECM in order to
prepare the ECM for the next trip. The information
Messenger can be used in order to tag portions of can be downloaded to a computer with the
the fleet trip segment into two ID codes. Messenger Caterpillar FIS program, or the information can be
can also be used in order to tag portions of the downloaded to an Argo Mobile Data Tool (MDT).
fleet trip segment into the state of travel. The ID The Argo Mobile Data Tool (MDT) is then connected
code and the information regarding the state of to a computer in order to download the information.
travel cannot be viewed from the display. Only the
Caterpillar Fleet Information Software (FIS) can view Driver Reward Feature
this information. The ability to reset any of these
parameters is dependent on customer parameters The driver reward feature automatically adjusts the
in the ECM. VSL as a reward to the driver for operating a truck
in a manner that meets the truck engine owner’s
Messenger will also display engine operating specifications. Several parameters are monitored in
parameters such as engine rpm, coolant order to evaluate a driver’s operating technique.
temperature, boost pressure and many other Weighting factors are applied to the parameters that
parameters. reflect the operating techniques that are desired
and the operating techniques that are expected.
Messenger will also display engine diagnostic If the operating techniques meet the owner’s
codes. Messenger will also display a brief text specifications or the operating techniques exceed
description of the diagnostic codes. the owner’s specifications, the VSL is automatically
increased as a reward. The VSL will decrease when
An available feature on Messenger is the theft the operating techniques do not meet the owner’s
deterrent. The theft deterrent allows the driver to specifications.
input a password prior to shutdown. The theft
deterrent will prevent the engine from restarting until Messenger can be used to monitor parameters that
the password is successfully entered. Messenger affect the driver reward, which allows the driver to
must have the version of software that is capable of adjust the operating techniques, as required.
supporting this feature.
14
Troubleshooting Section
15
Troubleshooting Section
Auxiliary Retarder Relay – The brakes’ solenoids Clutch Pedal Position Switch – The switch is
are driven by an OEM installed relay, which is driven typically supplied and installed by the OEM. This
by the ECM. switch is typically a limit switch that is mounted near
the clutch pedal. The switch is usually adjustable.
Auxiliary Temperature Sensor – This sensor is an This switch is in the normally closed position when
additional temperature sensor that is installed by the clutch pedal is released. Depressing the clutch
the engine owner. pedal will open the circuit.
Before Top Center (BTC) – BTC is the 180 degrees Code – Refer to the Diagnostic Fault Code and the
of crankshaft rotation before the piston reaches Diagnostic Event Code.
the top center position in the normal direction of
rotation. Cold Mode – Cold mode is a mode for cold starting
and for cold engine operation that includes timing
Boost – The difference between the turbocharger that is retarded and low idle that is raised. This
outlet pressure and the atmospheric pressure is mode is used for engine protection, reduced smoke
commonly referred to as boost. emissions and faster warm up time.
Boost Pressure Sensor – The boost pressure sensor Communication Adapter Tool – The communication
measures inlet manifold air pressure. The boost adapter provides a communication link between the
pressure sensor sends a signal to the ECM. ECM and Cat ET.
Bypass Circuit – A bypass circuit is a circuit that is Control Area Network (CAN) Data Link – The CAN
used as a substitute circuit for an existing circuit. A Data Link is a serial communications port that is
bypass circuit is typically used as a test circuit. used for communication with other microprocessor
based devices. This is also referred to as the J1939
Calibration – Calibration is an electronic adjustment Data Link.
of a sensor signal.
Coolant Level Sensor – This OEM installed sensor
Camshaft Position Sensor – Refer to Secondary detects the absence or presence of coolant at the
Engine Speed/Timing Sensor. probe. The sensor then sends a signal to the ECM.
Caterpillar Driver Information Display (CAT ID) – Coolant Temperature Sensor – This sensor detects
The Caterpillar Driver Information Display is a the engine coolant temperature for Cold Mode
digital readout of the performance parameters of operation and the Caterpillar Engine Monitoring.
the vehicle and performance parameters that are The Caterpillar Engine Monitoring must be enabled
monitored by the ECM. for the coolant temperature sensor to be used for
monitoring purposes.
Caterpillar Electronic Technician (Cat ET) – Cat ET
is an electronic service tool that uses a software Cooling Fan Override Switch – This switch overrides
program to run on a personal computer (PC). Cat control of the cooling fan relay so the cooling fan
ET is used to service Caterpillar products. This operates continuously. This switch is supplied and
program has replaced the ECAP tool. installed by the OEM.
Caterpillar Engine Monitoring – Caterpillar Engine Cooling Fan Relay – This relay is controlled by
Monitoring is the part of the Caterpillar electronic the ECM which uses information from the coolant
engine control that monitors coolant temperature, temperature sensor, the engine retarder and the
oil pressure, intake manifold air temperature and air conditioning high pressure switch. The air
coolant level. The monitoring alerts the operator of conditioning high pressure switch is not always
detected problems. Coolant temperature, intake installed. The relay and the air conditioning high
manifold air temperature, and oil pressure sensors pressure switch is supplied and installed by the
are supplied by Caterpillar and monitored by the OEM.
ECM. The coolant level sensor is installed by
the vehicle OEM but still monitored by the ECM. Crankshaft Position Sensor – Refer to Primary
Aftermarket engine monitoring systems do not Engine Speed/Timing Sensor.
interface with the Caterpillar electronic engine
control. Cruise Control Range – The cruise control range
is the speed range that is monitored by the cruise
Check Engine Lamp – The check engine lamp is control. This speed range is typically the anticipated
sometimes referred to as the diagnostic lamp. The speed range on the open road. The cruise control
check engine lamp is used to alert the operator of range can be programmed with the low cruise limit
the presence of an active event. The lamp then and the high cruise limit.
flashes a diagnostic code.
16
Troubleshooting Section
Custom Data – Custom data is part of the fleet trip DT, DT Connector, or Deutsch DT – This is a type of
data that is stored in the ECM. This capability allows connector that is used on Caterpillar truck engines.
the vehicle owner to specify operating parameters The connectors are manufactured by Deutsch.
for monitoring purposes while the engine is in
service. Dual Coil Vehicle Speed Sensor – The dual coil
vehicle speed sensor is a magnetic pickup that
Customer Specified Parameter – A Customer senses movement of the teeth on the output shaft
Specified Parameter is a value that can be set and of the transmission. The sensor contains two coils.
changed by the customer. The parameters can be This sensor provides two differential output signals.
protected by Customer Passwords.
Duty Cycle – Refer to Pulse Width Modulation.
Desired Engine Speed – The desired engine speed
is input to the electronic governor within the ECM. Electronic Engine Control – The electronic engine
The electronic governor uses the signal from the control is a complete electronic system. The
accelerator pedal position sensor, the engine electronic engine control monitors the engine
speed sensor, the cruise control, and the Customer operation under all conditions. The electronic
Parameters in order to determine desired speed. engine control also controls the engine operation
under all conditions.
Desired RPM – The desired rpm is input to the
electronic governor within the ECM. The electronic Electronic Service Tool – Refer to “Caterpillar
governor uses the signal from the accelerator pedal Electronic Technician” (Cat ET).
position sensor, the engine speed sensor, the cruise
control, and the Customer Parameters in order to Electronically Controlled Unit Injector – The
determine desired rpm. electronically controlled unit injector is an
injection pump which is a mechanically actuated,
Diagnostic Event Code – These codes indicate an electronically controlled unit injector. This unit
event that describes an abnormal engine condition combines the pumping, electronic fuel metering
such as a high coolant temperature. These codes and injecting elements in a single unit.
are not necessarily an indication of problems within
the electronic system. Engine Control Module (ECM) – The ECM is the
engine’s control computer. The ECM provides power
Diagnostic Fault Code – A diagnostic fault code to the electronics. The ECM monitors data that is
is sometimes referred to as a fault code. These input from the engine’s sensors. The ECM acts as a
codes indicate an electronic system malfunction or governor in order to control engine rpm.
abnormal operating conditions.
Engine Coolant Diverter – The engine coolant
Diagnostic Flash Code – The diagnostic flash codes diverter is a normally open valve that allows coolant
are flashed on the check engine lamp. These flash to flow through a radiator that cools the intake air.
codes indicate a malfunction in the electronic The radiator is located after the turbochargers
system or an event that is detected by the ECM. and before the air-to-air aftercooler. Energizing
the solenoid prevents the flow of coolant through
Diagnostic Lamp – A diagnostic lamp is sometimes the radiator in order to prevent overcooling of the
called the check engine lamp. The diagnostic lamp engine when cold ambient air temperatures exist.
is used to warn the operator of the presence of an
active diagnostic code. Engine Monitoring System – The Engine Monitoring
System is a programmable system that allows the
Digital Sensors – Digital sensors produce an ON ECM to take actions if an engine parameter is out of
or OFF type of signal. Some sensors vary the ON a certain range. The actions are Warning, Derate,
or OFF time which is referred to as Pulse Width and Shutdown.
Modulation (PWM).
Engine Oil Pressure Sensor – This sensor measures
Digital Sensor Return – The common line (ground) engine oil pressure and the sensor sends a signal
from the ECM is used as a ground for the digital to the ECM.
sensors.
Engine Retarder Solenoids – The engine retarder
Digital Sensor Supply – The supply from the ECM is solenoids are installed by Caterpillar and the
used in order to power the digital sensors. solenoids are driven by the ECM. These solenoids
are used in place of relays such as the auxiliary
Direct Current (DC) – Direct current is the type of brake that is installed by the OEM.
current that flows consistently in only one direction.
17
Troubleshooting Section
• 4 The voltage is below normal or the voltage is Fuel Temperature Sensor – This sensor detects
shorted low the fuel temperature. The ECM monitors the fuel
temperature and the ECM adjusts the calculated
• 5 The current is below normal or the circuit is fuel rate accordingly.
open
Full Load Setting (FLS) – The FLS is the number
• 6 The current is above normal or the circuit is that represents the fuel system adjustment. This
grounded adjustment is made at the factory in order to help
ensure the maximum fuel delivery of the fuel system.
• 7 The mechanical system is not responding The correct value for this parameter is stamped on
properly the engine information ratings plate. This parameter
must be programmed. If the parameters are not
• 8 Abnormal frequency, pulse width, or period programmed, the diagnostic code that is 253-02
Check Customer or System Parameters will be
• 9 Abnormal update active.
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Troubleshooting Section
Full Torque Setting (FTS) – The FTS is similar to Injection Actuation Pressure Control Valve – This is a
the Full Load Setting. This parameter must be dump valve that is controlled by an electrical signal
programmed. If the parameters are not programmed that maintains high pressure for the high pressure
the diagnostic code that is 253-02 Check Customer oil manifold. The ECM controls the pressure in
or System Parameters will be active. the high pressure oil manifold by inputs from the
other sensors. The control valve regulates the high
Gear Down Protection – This feature consists of the pressure oil to the hydraulic electronic unit injector
High Gear Limits that are programmable. High Gear through the high pressure oil manifold. Proper fuel
Limits are used in order to promote driving in higher injection pressure is necessary for desired engine
gears for increased fuel economy. operation.
Harness – The harness is the bundle of wiring Injection Actuation Pressure Sensor – An electrical
(loom) that connects all components of the sensor on the high pressure oil manifold converts
electronic system. oil pressure into an electrical signal for the ECM.
Hertz (Hz) – Hertz is the measure of electrical Injector Codes – The injector codes or injector trim
frequency in cycles per second. codes are numeric codes or alphanumeric codes
that are etched or stamped on individual injectors.
High Pressure Oil Manifold – The high pressure These codes are used to fine tune the fuel delivery.
oil manifold is an oil gallery that is added to the
cylinder head in order to supply the unit injectors Injector Trim Files – Injector trim files are
with high pressure oil. downloaded from a disk to the ECM. The trim files
compensate for variances in manufacturing of the
High Pressure Oil Pump – The high pressure oil injector. The engine serial number must be know in
pump is an axial piston pump that is driven by order to obtain the correct trim file.
gears. The high pressure oil pump is used to raise
the engine oil pressure in order to activate the unit Intake Manifold Air Temperature Sensor – This
injectors. The amount of oil pressure that is required sensor detects the air inlet temperature. The
to activate the unit injectors is called the actuation ECM monitors the inlet air temperature and other
pressure. data in order to adjust injection timing and other
performance functions.
Histogram – The histogram is a bar graph which
may indicate the relative frequency of vehicle Intake Valve Actuation System Oil Pressure Sensor –
operation in specific operating ranges. A histogram Monitors the pressure within the oil rail for the intake
can be used to show many relationships. valve actuator. The sensor can detect mechanical
problems with the intake valve actuation system
Hydraulically Actuated Electronically Controlled Unit such as leaking face seals.
Injector (HEUI) – The HEUI is an injection pump
which is a hydraulically actuated, electronically Intake Valve Actuation System Oil Pressure
controlled unit injector. This injector uses hydraulic Solenoid – Solenoid mounted at the end of the oil
forces to produce the high injection pressure. rail for the intake valve actuator. The solenoid is
This unit combines the pumping, electronic fuel normally closed to allow pressure to build up in
metering, and injecting elements in a single unit. the rail.
Idle rpm Limit – This is a programmable parameter Intake Valve Actuator – An actuator that allows the
which indicates the maximum allowable engine rpm ECM to control the amount of time that the intake
that is allowed when the engine rpm is set with the valve is open. The actuator traps engine oil in order
cruise set/resume switch. to hold the intake valve open. The ECM can vary
the time that the intake valve is open in order to
Idle Shutdown Time – This programmable optimize engine performance.
parameter indicates a designated idle time in
minutes that is allowed before shutdown. Integrated Electronic Controls – The engine is
designed with the electronic controls as a necessary
Idle/PTO Bump rpm – This programmable parameter part of the system. The engine will not operate
indicates the amount of change to the engine rpm without the electronic controls.
that will occur when the switch for acceleration is
toggled or the switch for deceleration is toggled.
19
Troubleshooting Section
J1922 Data Link – This data link is an SAE Open Circuit – An open circuit is a condition that is
diagnostic communications data link that is used to caused by an open switch, or an electrical wire or
communicate between the electronic engine and a connection is broken. When this condition exists,
the power train components. Examples of power the signal or the supply voltage can no longer reach
train components are the ABS/traction control the intended destination.
system and the transmissions. This allows the
power train component to control the engine during Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) – The
reduced traction or transmission shifts. OEM is the manufacturer of a vehicle that uses a
Caterpillar engine for the power source.
J1939 Data Link – This data link is an SAE
diagnostic communications data link that is used to Overspeed Verify – This feature is used to test the
communicate between the electronic engine, the Overspeed Shutoff Circuit. The shutoff circuit is
transmission, instrument clusters, and/or the power tripped at 75% of the Overspeed Shutoff Limit.
train controls.
Parameter – A parameter is a value or a limit that
Key Switch Input – When the input is energized, the is programmable. This helps determine specific
ECM is powered up. characteristics or behaviors of the engine and/or
vehicle.
Kickout Switch – This term refers to the service
brake switch and the clutch switch. These switches Parameter Identifier (PID) – The PID is a two digit
are used as an exit or a kickout for the cruise code or a three digit code which is assigned to
control set speed, the idle speed setting, or the each component in order to identify data via the
PTO/Idle set speed. data link to the ECM.
Latch Mode – This is a programmable parameter Passive Magnetic Speed Sensor – This sensor is a
for control of the exhaust brake. The exhaust speed sensor that does not require a power and a
brake engages when the service brake pedal is ground connection. The sensor produces a signal
depressed. The exhaust brake remains engaged that is based on the change in magnetic flux of a
until the control detects a change in a control input. ferrous metal gear near the sensing tip.
Oil Pressure Sensor – This sensor measures engine Power Train Data Link – Refer to J1922 Data Link
oil pressure and the sensor signals the ECM. or J1939 Data Link.
20
Troubleshooting Section
Powered Down – Powered down occurs when Rated Fuel Limit – This term indicates the maximum
power is removed from the ECM. Powered down allowable fuel position (longest injection pulse). This
refers to the action of cycling the keyswitch from position will produce rated power for this engine
any position to the OFF/RESET position. configuration.
Powered Up – Powered up occurs when power Reference Voltage – The Reference Voltage is a
is applied to the ECM. Powered up refers to the regulated voltage and a steady voltage that is
action of cycling the keyswitch from the OFF/RESET supplied by the ECM to a sensor. The reference
position to the START position. voltage is used by the sensor to generate a signal
voltage.
Primary Engine Speed/Timing Sensor – Determines
the position of the crankshaft for injection timing and Remote Shutdown – The ECM disables the fuel
engine speed. The primary engine speed/timing injection signal when the Remote Shutdown Switch
sensor is primarily used after the engine has started. is closed. This causes the ECM to shut down the
engine. However, the ECM remains active. The air
Pro-Link – Pro-Link is an electronic service tool that shutoff solenoid is not activated when the remote
is hand-held. The tool is manufactured by Micro shutdown switch is activated.
Processor Systems, Inc. (MPSI). This tool is supplied
with a Caterpillar cartridge in order to service a Remote Station Operation – This is a location that
Caterpillar engine that is electronically controlled. is outside of the vehicle cab. The functions such
as the engine speed control are typically used for
Progressive Shifting – This is a method of quickly some type of PTO operation that is for pumping
upshifting through the lower gears without excessive or for some other application that uses the engine
engine rpm in each gear. Shifts are made above power. These functions are controlled from the
peak torque but below rated rpm. If the engine is remote station.
driven to an excessively high engine rpm before
shifting to the next gear, fuel is wasted. When the Retarder Enable Signal – The retarder enable signal
excessively high engine rpm ranges are used, the interfaces the ECM to the engine retarder. This
torque rise of the engine is not fully utilized. The will restrict operation of the engine brake during
two steps LoGr 1 and LoGr 2 give the opportunity undesirable engine operating conditions. One
for progressive shifting. LoGr 1 is typically set at operating condition is at a time when the engine
no lower than peak torque plus 200 rpm. LoGr 2 is is being fueled.
typically set at a point that is midway between the
LoGr 1 rpm limit and the Top Engine Limit. Retarder Solenoids – This refers to the engine
retarder that is installed by Caterpillar. The solenoids
PTO Configuration – This is a programmable are driven directly by the Caterpillar ECM. The
parameter that determines the best use of the ECM solenoids are not driven through an OEM installed
input and the ECM output for PTO applications. relay such as the auxiliary retarder.
Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) – The PWM is a Secondary Engine Speed/Timing Sensor –
signal that consists of pulses that are of variable Determines the position of the camshaft during
width. These pulses occur at fixed intervals. The start-up. The secondary engine speed/timing sensor
ratio of TIME ON versus total TIME OFF can be will be used if the signal from the primary engine
varied. This ratio is also referred to as a duty cycle. speed/timing sensor is lost.
21
Troubleshooting Section
Short Circuit – A short circuit is a condition that has Timing Calibration – The timing calibration is the
an electrical circuit that is inadvertently connected adjustment of an electrical signal. This adjustment
to an undesirable point. An example of a short is made in order to correct the timing error
circuit is a wire which rubs against a vehicle frame between the camshaft and the engine speed/timing
and this rubbing eventually wears off the wire sensors or between the crankshaft and the engine
insulation. Electrical contact with the frame is made speed/timing sensors.
and a short circuit results.
Top Center – This refers to the crankshaft position
Signal – The signal is a voltage or a waveform that when the engine piston position is at the highest
is used in order to transmit information typically point of travel. The engine must be turned in the
from a sensor to the ECM. normal direction of rotation in order to reach this
point.
Speed Burp – A Speed Burp is a sudden, brief,
unwanted change in the engine rpm. Torque Limit – This is a programmable parameter
that limits the maximum torque which is based on
Standard SAE Diagnostic Communications Data the PTO configuration and PTO operation.
Link – Refer to the ATA Data Link.
Total Tattletale – The Total Tattletale is the total
Starting Aid Switch – This switch is used for injection number of changes to all the Customer Specified
of a starting aid in cold weather. An example of a Parameters that are stored in the ECM.
starting aid is ether.
Transducer (Timing Calibration Probe) – This is
Static Timing – Static timing is the basis for correct a device that converts a mechanical signal to
fuel timing and valve mechanism operation. Static an electrical signal. This probe requires a power
timing is determined by the timing ring and the source in order to operate.
alignment of the rear gear group.
Transmission Style – The “Transmission Style” is
Subsystem – A Subsystem that is used in this a programmable parameter that designates the
application is a part of the electronic system that type of transmission in the vehicle and the various
relates to a particular function. An example of a circuits that are connected to the ECM. The relay for
subsystem is the throttle subsystem. the transmission, cruise control, PTO/idle set speed,
and the operation of the exhaust brake are affected
Supply Voltage – The supply voltage is a constant by this parameter setting.
voltage that is supplied to a component in order
to provide electrical power that is required for Trip Recorder – The trip recorder is an aftermarket
the component to operate. The power may be device that is dedicated to recording the parameters
generated by the ECM or the power may be battery of the vehicle and the parameters of the operating
voltage that is supplied by the vehicle wiring. engine during the vehicle service. The trip recorder
is used to analyze the driving habits and the
Suspect Parameter Number (SPN) – The SPN recorder is used in order to produce the logs of the
is a three digit code which is assigned to each driver.
component in order to identify data via the data link
to the ECM. This is used for J1939 diagnostics. Variable Valve Actuation – Allows the engine to
vary the closing of the valves in order to optimize
System Configuration Parameters – System emissions and engine performance.
Configuration Parameters are Parameters that affect
the power rating family or emissions. Vehicle Speed Sensor – The vehicle speed sensor
is an electromagnetic pickup that measures vehicle
T-Harness – The T-Harness is a test harness that is speed from the rotation of gear teeth in the drive
designed to connect into the vehicle harness or the train of the vehicle.
engine harness. This connection allows a normal
circuit operation and the connection simultaneously Wastegate Solenoid – Prevents pressurized air from
provides a breakout T in order to measure the reaches the turbocharger wastegate. Allows the
signals. engine to build boost pressure beyond the preset
wastegate setting.
Terminating Resistor – This is used to terminate
the J1939 CAN data link. Refer to the installation
procedures.
22
Troubleshooting Section
23
Troubleshooting Section
Use the following procedure to connect Cat ET and Replacing the ECM
the Communication Adapter II.
SMCS Code: 1901-510
1. Turn the keyswitch to the OFF/RESET position. If
the keyswitch is not placed in the OFF/RESET Replacing the ECM with the Use of
position, the engine may start.
the ECM Replacement Feature from
2. Connect cable (2) between the “COMPUTER” the Electronic Service Tool
end of communication adapter (3) and the
RS232 serial port of PC (1). 1. Ensure that the ECM is the problem by first
connecting a test ECM. This is a temporary
3. Connect cable (4) between the “DATA LINK” end connection. Hang the test ECM on the side of
of communication adapter (3) and the service the engine. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Test ECM
tool connector. Mode”.
4. Turn the keyswitch to the ON position. If 2. If the test ECM repairs the problem, reconnect
Cat ET and the communication adapter do the suspect ECM. Verify that the problem returns
not communicate with the ECM, refer to when the suspect ECM is reconnected.
Troubleshooting, “Electronic Service Tool Will Not
Communicate With ECM”. 3. Select the ECM Replacement Feature under the
“Service/Copy Configuration” menu and load the
parameters from the failed ECM.
24
Troubleshooting Section
4. Temporarily connect the new ECM by connecting b. Use the electronic service tool to access
both ECM connectors. Do not mount the ECM Customer Specified Parameters from the ECM
on the engine yet. that is being replaced. If the ECM does not
communicate with the electronic service tool,
5. Flash program the Personality Module into the obtain the required parameter list from the
new ECM if the personality module is not already OEM.
installed. The new ECM is shipped with a blank
Personality Module. c. Use the Troubleshooting, “Customer Specified
Parameters Worksheet” to record the customer
6. Use the ECM replacement feature in the parameters.
electronic service tool in order to program the
new ECM. d. Record the serial number for the unit injectors.
The serial numbers for the unit injectors can
7. Enter the value for the “Rating Number” be found on the “Injector Trim Calibration”
parameter into the new ECM. in “Calibrations” under the “Service” menu
on the electronic service tool. Refer to
8. Check for active codes. Program any required Troubleshooting, “Injector Code - Calibrate”
parameters that have not been programmed. for more information.
Note: On initial powerup of a new ECM, the 4. Record ECM lifetime totals.
parameter “Rating Number” must be programmed
to avoid activating a 253-02 Check Customer Or a. Use the Troubleshooting, “Customer Specified
System Parameters (56). Parameters Worksheet (Current Totals
Worksheet)” in order to record the old “ECM
9. If 22-13 Engine Speed Signal Calibration Not Current Totals”.
Performed is not active, install the new ECM
on the engine. Otherwise, perform a timing 5. Temporarily connect the new ECM by connecting
calibration first. both ECM connectors. Do not mount the ECM to
the engine until the timing calibration has been
performed.
Replacing the ECM without the Use
of the ECM Replacement Feature 6. Flash program the Personality Module into the
from the Electronic Service Tool new ECM if the Personality Module is not already
installed. The new ECM is shipped with a blank
1. Ensure that the ECM is the problem by first Personality Module.
connecting a test ECM. This is a temporary
connection. Hang the test ECM on the side of the 7. Obtain the factory passwords when the
engine. Flash program the identical Personality passwords are required.
Module that was used in the suspect ECM into
the test ECM. Program any parameters that Note: The following parameters can be programmed
are necessary to use the ECM for the test. For on a new ECM without factory passwords: “Full
example, Vehicle speed parameters need to be Load Setting (FLS)”, “Full Torque Setting (FTS)”,
programmed to check the vehicle speed circuit. and “Engine Serial Number”. System Configuration
Program the parameters in the test ECM to be parameters must be entered before the Customer
equal to the parameters in the suspect ECM. Specified Parameters are entered. If Customer
Parameters are entered before the System
2. If the test ECM repairs the problem, reconnect Configuration Parameters, the Total Tattletale will
the suspect ECM. Verify that the problem returns change. It will then be necessary to obtain another
set of factory passwords in order to access System
when the suspect ECM is reconnected. Configuration Parameters.
3. Obtain customer parameters from the failed
ECM. 8. Perform the following operations.
a. Obtain the Customer Passwords and a. Use the Troubleshooting, “Factory Passwords
record the Customer Passwords. If the Worksheet” to record the following information
customer (owner) has lost the passwords from the engine information plate: “Full Load
or if the customer (owner) has forgotten the Setting (FLS)”, “Full Torque Setting (FTS)”,
passwords, proceed to Troubleshooting, and “Engine Serial Number”.
“Customer Passwords” for more details.
25
Troubleshooting Section
26
Troubleshooting Section
g00955595
Illustration 5
Diagram of components
27
Troubleshooting Section
g01004207
Illustration 6
Sensor locations (left side view)
28
Troubleshooting Section
g01004205
Illustration 7
Sensor locations (top view)
g01004206
Illustration 8
Sensor locations (right side view)
29
Troubleshooting Section
C15 Engines
g01014704
Illustration 9
Sensor locations (left side view)
30
Troubleshooting Section
g01014707
Illustration 10
Sensor locations (right side view)
31
Troubleshooting Section
i01939124
32
Troubleshooting Section
g00954134
Illustration 11
Schematic
33
Troubleshooting Section
C15 Engines
g01009037
Illustration 12
Schematic
34
Troubleshooting Section
Dyno Mode
i01815884
SMCS Code: 1901
Programming Parameters
Dyno Mode is a feature in the software of these
35
Troubleshooting Section
Note: If the “ECM Replacement” feature can not The Caterpillar Electronic Technician (Cat ET) may
be used, record the programmed values into the change Customer Parameters. To obtain customer
“Customer Specified Parameters Worksheet”. Also passwords, contact the owner of the vehicle. If the
record the System Configuration Parameters. owner has lost the owner’s passwords, customer
passwords may be read by using Cat ET.
2. Disconnect the suspect ECM. Temporarily
connect the test ECM to the engine. Do not Note: Factory passwords are required in order to
mount the test ECM on the engine. read customer passwords.
3. Use the “Copy Configuration” feature on the Use the following procedure in order to read
electronic service tool to program the test ECM. customer passwords with Cat ET:
Note: If the “ECM Replacement” feature can not be 1. Use Cat ET to access the “Utilities” menu. Then
used, program the test ECM with the values from access “View Passwords” under the “Utilities”
the “Customer Specified Parameters Worksheet” menu.
and the values from the System Configuration
Parameters. 2. When the Factory Password screen appears,
record the information that is listed on the Factory
4. Start the “Test ECM Mode” on the electronic Passwords Worksheet. Refer to Troubleshooting,
service tool. Access the feature through the “Factory Passwords Worksheet”.
“Service” menu. The electronic service tool will
display the status of the test ECM and the hours 3. Obtain the factory passwords. The information
that are remaining for the “Test ECM Mode”. that is recorded on the Factory Passwords
Worksheet must be provided. When the factory
Note: “Test ECM Mode” can only be activated if passwords are obtained, a permanent record of
the engine serial number has not already been the access is generated at Caterpillar.
programmed during normal operation of the ECM.
If the engine serial number is programmed and the 4. From the Factory Password screen, enter the
ECM is not in “Test ECM Mode”, the ECM can never Factory Passwords.
be used as a test ECM.
5. When the “Read Customer Passwords” screen
When the “Test ECM Mode” is activated, an internal appears, record the Customer Passwords. The
timer sets a 24 hour clock. This clock will count Customer Passwords may then be used to
down only while the ECM is powered and the key change Customer Parameters.
switch is in the ON position. After the ECM has
counted down the 24 hour period, the ECM will i01179887
exit the “Test ECM Mode”. The parameters, the
accumulated mileage, and the engine serial number
will be set.
ECM Date/Time Stamped
Information
Once an ECM has been activated in the “Test ECM
Mode”, the ECM will stay in the “Test ECM Mode” SMCS Code: 0785
until the timer times out. If the ECM is used as a
test ECM for more than one engine, the “Test ECM The date/time clock indicates the month, the day,
Mode” must be reactivated. Anytime prior to the the year and the time of day. This clock is used to
“Test ECM Mode” timing out, the ECM can be reset time stamp the following Diagnostic Event Codes:
to 24 hours.
• 84-00 Vehicle Overspeed Warning
i01778706
• 84-14 Quick Stop Occurrence
Customer Passwords • 100-11 Very Low Oil Pressure
SMCS Code: 0785
• 110-11 Very High Coolant Temperature
If Customer Passwords have been entered, then
the Customer Passwords are required to change • 111-11 Very Low Coolant Level
ANY customer parameter. Customer Parameters
are those parameters that affect the vehicle speed • 190-00 Engine Overspeed Warning
limits, the power rating within an engine family
and the PTO operation. Refer to Troubleshooting, The following types of ECM data are also time
stamped information:
“Customer Specified Parameters” for more detail on
parameters that are customer programmable.
• Diagnostic snapshots
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Troubleshooting Section
• Snapshots that are triggered by using the Do not compare the electronic control module’s
Set/Resume switch time of day to the current time of day at your
location. If the electronic control module’s time of
• Quick Stop snapshots day differs significantly from the current time of
day (wrong month), ensure that the important time
stamped information is recorded. After recording
Adjustment of ECM Date/Time the information, clear the code or the snapshot, and
Clock then adjust the clock.
Before adjusting the ECM Date/Time Clock on
a vehicle, ask the owner/operator if the time
ECM Diagnostic Clock
stamped information should be recorded. After the
The Diagnostic Clock should not be confused
time stamped information is recorded, clear this
with the ECM Date/Time clock. The Diagnostic
information before adjusting the ECM Date/Time
Clock records the actual hours of the ECM under
Clock. This is a very important step if the adjustment
power. The information from the diagnostic clock
of the clock is a big adjustment. This will prevent
is used in order to log occurrences of diagnostic
unnecessary confusion if someone else views the
code and occurrences of event code . Logged
information at a later date.
diagnostic codes and logged event codes display
the diagnostic clock hour of the first occurrence
Occurrence of Time Stamped and the last occurrence and the total number
of occurrences. The Diagnostic Clock does
Information not represent actual Engine Hours. The clock
When the time stamped information is being viewed, increments any time of the ECM under power. This
remember that the vehicle may be based in a happens when the engine is running or when the
different time zone. Also remember the following engine is not running. Actual Engine Running hours
two possibilities: (Total Time) can be obtained from the menu for
Current Totals of Electronic Technician (ET).
• Someone may have incorrectly set the clock.
i01778708
• No one ever set the clock.
ECM Snapshot
Compare the electronic control module’s current
time of day to the time stamped information in the SMCS Code: 0785
ECM in order to determine the amount of time
that has passed since the occurrence of the time The engine ECM can record a snapshot of the
stamped event. DO NOT REPLACE AN ECM engine parameters and vehicle parameters. The
BECAUSE OF AN INCORRECT TIME OF DAY. The snapshot records the parameters for a period of
following example indicates the proper use of the 13 seconds that surrounds the event. The event is
clock. either a diagnostic code or an external trigger.
37
Troubleshooting Section
Snapshot Information That Is On Cat ET, the snapshot can be triggered from the
Triggered Externally One data record is kept for the most recent Quick
Stop event. The previous record is replaced by the
A snapshot can be triggered externally with either most recent record.
the Cruise Control Set/Resume Switch, or with Cat
ET. Use the following procedure in order to trigger Each Quick Stop record contains 60 frames of
the snapshot with the Cruise Control Set/Resume information. Frame 45 is the Quick Stop event. The
Switch: record contains 44 frames before the Quick Stop
event and 15 frames following the Quick Stop event.
Each frame is separated by 1.0 second. Each frame
of the Quick Stop record stores the following data:
• Engine RPM
• Throttle Position
• Clutch Switch
38
Troubleshooting Section
i01914316
Certain other codes require customer passwords.
Factory Passwords The majority of logged codes do not require
passwords to be cleared. Since the factory
SMCS Code: 0785 passwords contain alphabetic characters, the
electronic service tool may perform these functions.
Factory passwords are required to perform each of In order to obtain the factory passwords, proceed
the following six functions: as if you already have the password. At some
point, if the factory passwords are actually needed,
1. Change the System Configuration Parameters. the electronic service tool will request the factory
passwords and the electronic service tool will
When an ECM is replaced, the System display the information that is required to obtain the
Configuration Parameters must be programmed passwords.
into the new ECM. A new ECM will allow these
parameters to be programmed once without Note: The “Customer Parameter Lockout” may
Factory Passwords. After the initial programming, restrict changing some customer parameters unless
these parameters are protected by factory factory passwords are obtained. If changing a
passwords. customer parameter indicates that the factory
passwords are required, the parameter has been
2. Rerate to another engine family locked out. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Customer
Specified Parameters” for additional information.
This requires changing the personality module
code, which is protected by factory passwords.
i01180795
This includes changing from a non-multitorque
personality module to a multitorque personality
module.
Factory Passwords Worksheet
SMCS Code: 0785
3. Read customer passwords
Note: A mistake in recording these parameters will
result in incorrect passwords.
39
Troubleshooting Section
40
Troubleshooting Section
Recommendations
Customer’s Complaint
Provide a copy of the Troubleshooting, “Driver
Questionnaire”. Include comments in as many
categories as possible. The following information is
of particular importance:
Cause of Failure
Comments on the Cause of Failure should include
the number of diagnostic codes that were logged.
Comments should also indicate if the code was an
Active Code. Indicate the source of the problem.
Also indicate the method that was used to discover
the problem. Examples of the methods that were
used to discover the problem could be one of the
following methods:
41
Troubleshooting Section
• Time of change
i01929811
42
Troubleshooting Section
i01929524
Customer Specified
Parameters Table
SMCS Code: 1901
Table 5
43
Troubleshooting Section
(Table 5, contd)
“Engine
Speed” Retarder Minimum Vehicle 0 to 204 km/h (0 to 127 mph) 0 km/h (0 mph)
44
Troubleshooting Section
(Table 5, contd)
to 49 C (−40 to 120 F)
49 C (120 F)
Temp”
“A/C Switch Fan On-Time (0 = Off)” 1 to 600 seconds 0 seconds
“Fan with Engine Retarder in High “No”
“No”
Mode” “Yes”
“Engine Retarder Delay” 0.0 to 3.0 seconds 0.0 seconds
“Smart Idle Parameters”
“Battery Monitor and Engine Control
0 to 25.5 volts 0.0 volts
Voltage”
45
Troubleshooting Section
(Table 5, contd)
“Maintenance Parameters”
“Maintenance Indicator Mode” “Automatic Distance”
“Automatic Hours”
“Manual Distance” “Off”
“Manual Hours”
“Off”
“PM 1 Interval (Manual Maintenance 8050 to 56325 km (5000 to 35000 miles) 24140 km (15000 miles)
Indicator Mode)” 100 to 750 hours 250 hours
“Engine Oil Capacity” C11, C13: 34 L (36 qt)
19 to 57 L (20 to 60 qt)
C15: 38 L (40 qt)
“Trip Parameters”
“Fuel Correction Factor” −63.5 to 63.5 % 0 %
“No”
“Dash-Change Fuel Correction Factor” “No”
“Yes”
“Dash-PM 1 Reset” “No”
“No”
“Yes”
“Dash-Fleet Trip Reset” “No”
“No”
“Yes”
“Dash-State Selection” “No”
“Yes”
“Yes”
“Theft Deterrent System Control” “Auto-Enable”
“No” “No”
“Yes”
“Theft Deterrent Password” Four Characters 0000
“Quick Stop Rate” 5 to 24 km/h per sec (3 to 15
0 km/h per sec (0 mph per sec)
mph per sec)
“Vehicle Overspeed Threshold” 48 to 204 km/h (30 to 127 mph) 204 km/h (127 mph)
“Vehicle Activity Report Parameters”
“Minimum Idle Time (0 = Off)” 0 to 1440 minutes 0 minutes
“Driver Reward”
“Driver Reward Enable” “Disabled”
“Enabled”
“Enabled”
“Input Selections”
“Fan Override Switch” “J1/P1:46”
“J1/P1:47”
“J1/P1:6”
“J1/P1:7”
“None”
“J1939 - Body Controller”
“J1939 - Cab Controller”
“J1939 - Instrument Cluster”
“None”
“Transmission Neutral Switch” “None”
“J1939” “None”
“J1/P1:62”
“Ignore Brake/Clutch Switch” “J1/P1:47”
“None”
“None”
(continued)
46
Troubleshooting Section
(Table 5, contd)
47
Troubleshooting Section
(Table 5, contd)
48
Troubleshooting Section
i01929542 Table 9
“Vehicle
- ABS)” Speed Cal (J1939
Table 6
“Selected Engine Rating”
“Vehicle Speed Limit”
“Rating Number” (VSL)
“Rating Type” “VSL Protection”
“Multitorque Ratio” “Tachometer Calibration”
“Advertised Power” “Soft Vehicle Speed Limit”
“Governed Speed” “Low Speed Range Axle
Ratio”
“Rated Peak Torque”
“High Speed Range Axle
“Top Engine Speed Range”
Ratio”
“Test Spec”
“Test Spec with Table 10
BrakeSaver” “Cruise Control Parameters”
“Low Cruise Control Speed
Table 7
Set Limit”
“ECM Identification Parameters”
“High Cruise Control
“Vehicle ID” Speed Set Limit”
49
Troubleshooting Section
Table 12 Table 13
“Idle
Off)” Shutdown Time (0 =
“Idle Shutdown Timer
Maximum RPM”
“Allow Idle Shutdown
Override”
“Minimum Idle Shutdown
Outside Temp”
“Maximum Idle Shutdown
Outside Temp”
“A/C Switch Fan On-Time
(0 = Off)”
“Fan with Engine Retarder
in High Mode”
“Engine Retarder Delay”
Table 15
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Troubleshooting Section
Table 16 Table 21
“Engine Monitoring Parameters” “Input Selections”
“Engine Monitoring Mode” “Fan Override Switch”
“Engine Monitoring Lamps” “Transmission Neutral
Switch”
“Coolant Level Sensor”
“Ignore
“Engine Coolant Switch” Brake/Clutch
Temperature Derate
Enable Status” “Torque Limit Switch”
“Diagnostic Enable”
Table 17
“PTO On/Off Switch”
“Maintenance Parameters”
“Remote PTO Set Switch”
“Maintenance Indicator
Mode” “Remote PTO Resume
Switch”
“PM 1 Interval”
“PTO Engine RPM Set
“Engine Oil Capacity” Speed Input A”
“PTO Engine RPM Set
Table 18 Speed Input B”
“Trip Parameters”
“Starting Aid On/Off
“Fuel Correction Factor” Switch”
Table 20
“Driver Reward”
“Driver Reward Enable”
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Troubleshooting Section
Table 22 Table 26
Cruise Control Parameters only while the service brakes are being applied.
When the ECM is programmed to the Latch mode,
the engine retarder stays enabled after the service
SMCS Code: 1901 brakes are released. A direct, immediate pressure
on the brake pedal latches the engine retarder in
“Low Cruise Control Speed Set the ON position and the engine retarder will remain
in the ON position until the accelerator pedal is
Limit” depressed.
The “Low Cruise Control Speed Set Limit” sets When the ECM is programmed to the Manual mode,
the lowest vehicle speed that will allow the cruise the cruise control switch is not required to be in the
control to be set. Programming this parameter to ON position. When the ECM is programmed to the
the maximum value disables cruise control. Manual mode, the engine retarder will activate when
all of the following conditions are met:
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Troubleshooting Section
• The engine retarder switch is in the ON position. In both cases, the engine retarder will remain off
until vehicle speed is higher than the programmed
• The engine rpm is greater than 800 rpm. value of the Engine Retarder Minimum Vehicle
Speed and the engine retarder has been engaged
• The engine is not being fueled. again.
g00631045
Illustration 14
Coast and latch of engine retarder mode
g00631048
Illustration 15
“Engine Retarder Minimum VSL Note: When the vehicle speed drops below the
Type” Engine Retarder Minimum Vehicle Speed and the
parameter is programmed to the Hard limit, the
The “Engine Retarder Minimum VSL Type” defines engine retarder turns off. When the vehicle speed
the use of the “Engine Retarder Minimum Vehicle drops below the Engine Retarder Minimum Vehicle
Speed” parameter. The “Engine Retarder Minimum Speed and the parameter is programmed to the
VSL Type” provides the following two options: Soft limit, the Engine retarder remains on.
53
Troubleshooting Section
The actual level of braking is limited by the settings “Soft Cruise Control”
of the retarder switch. For example, the retarder will
not come on if the retarder is switched off. “Soft Cruise Control” provides a 8 km/h (5 mph)
operating range around the cruise control set speed
If Soft Cruise Control is programmed to YES, the in order to provide a smoother cruise control. “Soft
retarder will not come on until the vehicle speed Cruise Control” controls the cruise speed within the
is 5 km/h (3 mph) above the cruise set speed. An following range:
Electronic Service Tool will change an attempt to
program 2 km/h (1 mph) or 3 km/h (2 mph) for this • 4 km/h (2.5 mph) below the set vehicle speed
parameter to 5 km/h (3 mph) if Soft Cruise Control at full load
is programmed to YES.
Table 31
• 4 km/h (2.5 mph) above the set vehicle speed
at no load
Minimum Maximum Default
0 km/h (0 mph) 16km/h (10 mph) 0 km/h (0 mph)
54
Troubleshooting Section
i01850256
Alternative Default
“Adaptive Cruise Control Enable”
None J1939
Adaptive cruise control reduces the need to
manually cancel cruise control when you approach
a slower vehicle. The system responds by i01938917
decreasing the cruise control set speed until a
following distance is obtained. If the slower vehicle Dedicated PTO Parameters
speeds up, the cruise control set speed will be
adjusted in order to maintain the following distance. SMCS Code: 1901
Adaptive cruise control will restore the original set
speed when there are no vehicles within the range “PTO Configuration”
of control. Adaptive cruise control will not increase
the cruise control set speed above the original The “PTO Configuration” determines the features
setting. If the vehicle is approaching the target too that are available for Dedicated PTO applications
rapidly, the ECM will turn off the cruise control. and the input signals that are used for Dedicated
PTO applications. When the “PTO Configuration” is
Table 35
turned off, the application does not use the PTO.
Alternative Default The remaining PTO programmable options require a
“PTO On/Off” circuit that is connected to ECM Input
Enabled Disabled
1. A PTO Switch On Lamp can also be connected
to Output 1 (ECM J1/P1:30).
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Troubleshooting Section
If the ECM is programmed to “Remote Switches”, “PTO Engine RPM Set Speed Input
the ECM will monitor programmed signals such
as the remote set switch and the remote resume
A”
switch. Signals from the cab controls will be ignored
The ECM controls this engine rpm. This control
when the “PTO On/Off” circuit is on. The following
occurs when the “PTO ON/OFF” circuit is on and
components are cab controls:
the “PTO Engine RPM Set speed Input A” switch
is on. The RPM can be programmed to operate
• Brake Switch from Low Idle up to the PTO Top Engine Limit RPM.
While the engine is operating at this set speed,
• Clutch Switch all other inputs for speed control are ignored. The
inputs for speed control that are ignored include the
• Accelerator Cab Throttle switch, the Remote Throttle switch, the
Set/Accel switch, and the Resume/Decel switch.
• Cruise Control Switches This feature can also be used in conjunction with
the “PTO to Set speed” feature and the “PTO Engine
If the ECM is programmed to “Remote Throttle”, the
RPM Set Speed B” feature for multiple speed PTO
ECM will monitor J1/P1:68 for the remote accelerator
operation. This feature can also override the “PTO
pedal. The ECM will monitor programmed signals
to Set speed” feature and the “PTO Engine RPM Set
and the ECM will ignore all cab controls when the
Speed B” feature for multiple speed PTO operation.
“PTO On/Off” circuit is ON.
The engine will only operate at this programmed
Table 37 speed when the “PTO ON/OFF” circuit is on and the
Alternative Default “PTO Engine RPM Set Speed Input A” switch is on.
Cab Switches The engine will operate at the programmed speed
Remote Switches Off unless a condition that causes PTO operation
Remote Throttle kickout occurs. The conditions that will cause
PTO operation kickout include the depression
of the brake pedal, the depression of the clutch
“PTO Top Engine Limit” pedal, and the “PTO Vehicle Speed Limit” that is
exceeded. The engine will return to low idle if the
The “PTO Top Engine Limit” is the top engine limit PTO operation is kicked out.
that is available by using a “PTO On/Off” circuit that
is connected to Input 1 of ECM Connector J1/P1. Note: The “PTO Configuration” parameter must be
programmed to Cab Switches, Remote Switches,
Note:
to CabThe “PTO Configuration”
Switches, must be
Remote Switches, or programmed
Remote or Remote
Speed Throttle
Input and the must
A” parameter “PTObe Engine RPM Set
programmed
Throttle before this parameter can be programmed. to a dedicated switch input (J1/P1:6, J1/P1:46,
J1/P1:58, or J1/P1:60) for this feature to function.
Table 38
Table 40
Minimum Maximum Default
Minimum Maximum Default
Low Idle rpm 2120 rpm 2120 rpm
Low Idle rpm PTO TEL rpm 0 rpm
Table 39
Minimum Maximum Default
Low Idle rpm PTO TEL rpm 0
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Troubleshooting Section
B” Alternative Default
Yes No
The ECM controls this engine rpm. This control
occurs when the “PTO ON/OFF” circuit and the
“PTO Engine RPM Set Speed Input B” switch is on “Maximum PTO Enable Speed”
and the “PTO Engine RPM Set Speed A” switch is
off. The RPM can be programmed to operate from This parameter specifies the maximum engine
Low Idle up to the “PTO Top Engine Limit” RPM. speed for the engagement of the PTO mode. The
While the engine is operating at this set speed, all PTO mode will engage when the engine rpm is
other inputs for speed control are ignored except equal to the programmed limit or less than the
for the “PTO Engine RPM Set Speed A”. The inputs programmed limit. This parameter is only available
for speed control that are ignored include the Cab when the “PTO Configuration” is programmed to
Throttle switch, the Remote Throttle switch, the “Cab Switches”, “Remote Switches”, or “Remote
Set/Accel switch, and the Resume/Decel switch. Throttle”.
This feature can also be used in conjunction with
the “PTO to Set speed” feature for multiple speed Table 43
PTO operation. This feature can also override the
Minimum Maximum Default
“PTO to Set speed” feature for multiple speed PTO
operation. 700 rpm PTO TEL rpm PTO TEL rpm
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Troubleshooting Section
g00628600
Illustration 17
Operation of Torque limit
(1) Programmed torque limit
58
Troubleshooting Section
Table 49 i01762330
Table 54
59
Troubleshooting Section
Table 57
Minimum Maximum Default
204 km/h 204 km/h
48 km/h (30 mph)
(127 mph) (127 mph)
“Transmission Style”
This parameter indicates the type of transmission
configuration that is installed in the vehicle to the
ECM. This parameter is used by the ECM to read
the signals from the following devices:
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Troubleshooting Section
Table 59
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Troubleshooting Section
“Top Gear Minus Two Ratio” The “Min/Max with Speed Control” option allows the
use of a full range governor when the vehicle is
The “Top Gear Minus Two Ratio” identifies the third not moving and the transmission is in neutral. The
highest gear ratio for an Eaton Top 2 Transmission. “Min/Max with Speed Control” option is preferred
For example, eighth gear for an Eaton Super for applications that currently use the “Min/Max”
10 Top 2 transmission is Top Gear Minus Two. governor.
The programmable range is 0.000 to 3.750 in
0.001 increments. The default is 0.000. Refer Table 66
to “Gear Ratios for Eaton Top 2 Transmission” Alternative Default
for programmable values for each Eaton Top 2
transmission. Min/Max
“Min/Max with Speed Full Range
Control”
Note: This parameter must be precisely programmed
to three decimal places to ensure the proper
operation of the Eaton Top 2 and Caterpillar engine
i01938916
drive train in the top two gears.
Table 64
Engine Monitoring Parameters
Minimum Maximum Default SMCS Code: 1901
0.000 3.750 0.000
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Troubleshooting Section
Table 68 Table 71
Alternative Default Minimum Maximum Default
Option 1 Warning Lamp 2 km/h (1 mph) 24km/h (15 mph) 2 km/h (1 mph)
power is derated by 6%. 166-14 Rated Engine “Idle/PTO RPM Ramp Rate”
Power Special Instructions becomes active when
the ECM derates power to the engine. The “Idle/PTO RPM Ramp Rate” determines the
rate of increase or decrease of engine rpm. This
Note: This parameter will not disable the engine parameter determines rates of increase or decrease
monitoring of the engine coolant temperature. in engine rpm for the following functions:
If 110-00 High Coolant Temperature Warning or
110-11 Very High Coolant Temperature is active, the • Idle rpm
ECM will take action relative to the programming of
the “Engine Monitoring Mode” parameter. • PTO rpm
Table 70 The parameter can be set to a value between 5 rpm
and 1000 rpm in one rpm increments.
Alternative Default
“Enabled” “Disabled” Note: The parameter affects both idle control and
PTO control. The idle mode occurs if the engine
rpm is set by using the Cruise Control On/Off switch
i01938915 and the Set/Resume switch. The PTO mode occurs
if the engine rpm is set by using the “PTO On/Off”
Idle Parameters switch and the Set/Resume switch.
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Troubleshooting Section
64
Troubleshooting Section
65
Troubleshooting Section
The J1939 data link and input 6 to the ECM is used • Enable the Diagnostic Flash Codes on the Check
to connect the “Two-Speed Axle On/Off Switch”. Engine Lamp.
When a two-speed axle is used, the change in
gear ratios from the high speed range to the low When the “PTO Configuration” is programmed to
speed range alters the calibration of the vehicle Cab Switches, the “Cruise Control Set/Resume
speed signal. When this parameter is programmed Switch” is also used with the “PTO On/Off” switch to
to J1/P1:6 or J1939 and the switch is in the ON control the engine rpm in PTO Mode.
66
Troubleshooting Section
• Cruise
• Idle
• PTO
67
Troubleshooting Section
68
Troubleshooting Section
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Troubleshooting Section
Table 107
Alternative Default
Yes No
i01762156
“Rating Number”
The Rating Number is the selected Rating within a
power rating family. The Personality Module defines
the power rating family (242 kW (325 hp)) and the
Personality Module may contain only one or several
ratings. The rating number defines the power rating
that is used within the power rating family. The
following list illustrates examples of the power rating:
70
Troubleshooting Section
Table 108
Table 109
Type of Engine Rating Alternatives Default
Standard Ratings Unavailable Unavailable
Multitorque Ratings MT-2, MT-1 MT-4
i01762688 i01762687
The recommended setting is 12.2 Volts for a 12 Volt Minimum Maximum Default
system, and 24.5 Volts for a 24 Volt system. 3 minutes 1440 minutes 0 minutes
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Troubleshooting Section
72
Troubleshooting Section
Table 118
Minimum Maximum Default
0 seconds 3 seconds 0 seconds
73
Troubleshooting Section
Table 123
This parameter
Correction allows
Factor”. the driver to adjust
An owner/operator thewant
would “Fuel When this parameter
Password”, is used
this parameter with a “Theft
prevents Deterrent
the engine from
the driver to be able to change this information, but starting unless the password has been entered via
a fleet operation might not want the driver to be the dash display of Messenger. Before the operator
able to change this information. can use the feature of Theft Deterrent of Messenger,
the system must be turned on. In order to turn on
Table 120 the theft deterrent, a service tool must be used to
Alternative Default program the parameter for the theft deterrent to
“YES”. The operator must first enter the password
Yes No before the engine is shut off. This will enable the
system. Enabling the system prevents the engine
from starting without re-entering the password on
“Dash - PM 1 Reset” the next attempted start.
This parameter determines the driver’s access for
resetting the PM 1 (Maintenance) after the PM 1 Table 124
has been performed. Maintenance Indicator Mode Alternative Default
cannot be programmed to “OFF” for the “PM 1 Yes, Auto-Enable No
Reset” parameter to take effect.
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Troubleshooting Section
75
Troubleshooting Section
Table 133
76
Troubleshooting Section
Table 136
Alternative Default
Yes No
requiresparameter
Switch” programming when the
is enabled. “Two-Speed
The “Two-SpeedAxle
Axle
Switch” Parameter is enabled when the parameter
is programmed to J1/P1:7, J1/P1:47, J1/P1:6, or
J1/P1:46.
Table 137
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Troubleshooting Section
System Configuration
Parameters correct file. The injector code must match the serial
number on the corresponding injector. When an
injector is replaced, reprogram the new code for
SMCS Code: 1901 the new injector. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Injector
Code - Calibrate” for more information.
System Configuration Parameters affect the
emissions of the engine or the power of the engine.
System Configuration Parameters are programmed
“Personality Module Code”
at the factory. System Configuration Parameters
The Personality Module Code is a code that
would never need to be changed through the
prevents the use of an incorrect personality module
life of the engine normally. System Configuration
for this engine. Each horsepower family and each
Parameters must be reprogrammed if an ECM is
emission certification has a different code that
replaced. Unless the engine rating has changed,
is associated with the horsepower family or the
System Configuration Parameters do not need to
emission certification.
be reprogrammed when the Personality Module
is replaced. Proper values for these parameters
When a personality module is replaced this code
are stamped on the engine information ratings
must match the code that is stored in the ECM. If
plate. The engine information ratings plate is
the personality module code does not match the
located on the valve cover or the air inlet manifold.
code that is stored in the ECM, both of the following
Factory Passwords are required to change
situations will exist:
these parameters. The following information is a
description of the System Configuration Parameters.
• The engine will only run at low idle.
“Full Load Setting” • A 253-02 Check Customer Or System Parameters
will also be generated.
“Full Load Setting” is a number that represents the
adjustment to the fuel system that was made at Note: The flash programming of a personality
the
The factory
correctin order
value fortothis
fineparameter
tune the fuel system. on
is stamped module replaces the personality module.
the engine information ratings plate. A new ECM When the engine is being rerated, programming
requires this parameter to be programmed in order this code to 0 will prompt the ECM to read the
to avoid generating a 253-02 Check Customer Or stored code and programming this code to 0 will
System Parameters. prompt the ECM to match the stored code to the
Personality Module Code. This code does not need
to be programmed when a personality module is
“Full Torque Setting” replaced under both of the following conditions:
“Full Torque Setting” is similar to “Full Load Setting”.
This parameter must be programmed to avoid • The new personality module is from the same
family.
generating a 253-02 Check Customer Or System
Parameters.
• The new personality module is from the same
“Engine Serial Number” emission year.
If the Personality Module is from a different family,
The “Engine Serial Number” should be programmed the following components may need to be changed:
to match the engine serial number that is stamped pistons, injectors, and other components. The
on the engine information plate. When a new ECM engine information ratings plate must also be
is delivered, the engine serial number in the ECM changed in order to reflect the new rating.
is not programmed.
Some vehicle systems such as the cooling system
or the transmission may also require changes when
the engine is rerated. Please contact the local OEM
dealer for further information.
78
Troubleshooting Section
79
Troubleshooting Section
• Power train data link 4. Check the accelerator pedal position sensor.
• Air intake and exhaust system a. Use the Cruise/Idle On/Off Switch to put the
engine in idle mode.
Recommended Actions
b. Vary the engine rpm with the Set/Resume
1. Check for diagnostic codes. switches.
a. Connect the electronic service tool to the data If both of the following conditions are met,
link connector. monitor the status of the accelerator pedal
position sensor.
b. Check for active diagnostic codes and/or
logged diagnostic codes. • The engine is stable by using idle mode to
control the engine rpm.
Certain diagnostic codes will limit the engine
speed. • The engine is unstable by using the
accelerator pedal position sensor.
c. Troubleshoot all active diagnostic codes
before continuing with this procedure. If the status of the accelerator pedal position
sensor is unstable, refer to Troubleshooting,
2. Check customer specified parameters. “Accelerator Pedal (Throttle) Position Sensor
Circuit - Test”.
a. Verify that the complaint is not normal
operation (programmed parameter). 5. Monitor the vehicle speed signal. Ensure
the accuracy of the vehicle speed signal by
b. Access the “Configuration” screen on the comparing the vehicle speed signal to the actual
electronic service tool. vehicle speed.
80
Troubleshooting Section
b. Check the fuel quality. Refer to Testing and • Customer specified parameters (normal
Adjusting, “Fuel Quality - Test”. Also refer operation)
to the Truck Performance and Driveability
Diagnostic Guide, LEBT3477. • Cold mode
c. Check the fuel pressure. Refer to Testing and • Electronic system problem
Adjusting, “Fuel System Pressure - Test”.
for solidified fuel (wax). a. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
link connector.
h. Check for air in the fuel system. Refer to
Testing and Adjusting, “Air in Fuel - Test”. b. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
7. Check the “Powertrain Data Link”. Ensure that c. Check for active diagnostic codes and logged
the power train data link is not limiting the power. diagnostic codes.
a. Monitor the “Powertrain Data Link” status Certain diagnostic codes will limit the vehicle
screen while the vehicle is experiencing speed to 45 mph.
problems.
d. Troubleshoot all diagnostic codes before
If the “Powertrain Data Link” status screen continuing with this procedure.
indicates that the “Powertrain Data Link” is
limiting the power or the rpm, verify that this 2. Check customer specified parameters.
is not normal operation. If this is not normal
operation, refer to the vehicle OEM for repairs. a. Verify that the complaint is not due to normal
operation (programmed parameter).
8. Air intake and exhaust system
b. Access the “Configuration” screen on the
a. Clean plugged air filters or replace plugged electronic service tool.
air filters. Refer to the Operation and
Maintenance Manual. c. Check the following parameters:
b. Check the air intake and the exhaust system • “Vehicle Speed Limit”
for restrictions and/or leaks. Refer to Testing
and Adjusting for more information. • “Soft Vehicle Speed Limit”
• “Lower Gears Engine RPM Limit”
81
Troubleshooting Section
• “Intermediate Gears Engine RPM Limit” a. When the engine is OFF, turn the key switch
to the ON position. Check the boost pressure
• “Gear Down Protection Engine RPM Limit” on the electronic service tool.
• “PTO Top Engine Limit” with the PTO On/Off If the engine can not reach the programmed
Switch turned ON. “Top Engine Limit”, check the duty cycle
for the accelerator pedal position sensor in
• “Maximum PTO Vehicle Speed” with the order to ensure that the duty cycle is within
PTO On/Off Switch turned ON. calibration (75 to 90 Percent at high idle).
d. Set each parameter to the parameter’s If the accelerator pedal position is unstable,
maximum value one at a time and determine check the duty cycle of the accelerator pedal
whether the problem is corrected. position sensor. Check the duty cycle by
slowly operating the accelerator pedal in
Note: The “Soft Vehicle Speed Limit” will not allow order to verify that the duty cycle is within
the vehicle to achieve the programmed VSL under calibration. The accelerator pedal position
all engine load conditions. Programming the “Soft sensor is within calibration when both of the
Vehicle Speed Limit” to NO may be required to following conditions are met:
eliminate the complaint.
• 10 to 22 percent at low idle
3. Check cold mode operation.
• 75 to 90 percent at high idle
Note: This is normal operation if the problem occurs
only after start-up in cold weather. Also, ensure that the duty cycle changes as
the pedal position changes.
a. Check the status screen on the electronic
service tool. If a problem with the accelerator pedal
position sensor is suspected, refer to
“Cold Mode” is indicated in the upper corner Troubleshooting, “Accelerator Pedal (Throttle)
of any status screen when cold mode is Position Sensor Circuit - Test”.
active.
Note: If the engine exceeds the “Top Engine Limit”,
4. Check for an electronic system problem. the “Top Engine Limit with Droop” is programmed
to YES.
a. Monitor the fuel position, the “Rated Fuel
Limit”, and the “FRC Fuel Limit”. 6. Monitor the vehicle speed signal. Ensure
the accuracy of the vehicle speed signal by
While the vehicle is operating under full load, comparing the vehicle speed signal to the actual
the parameters should meet the following vehicle speed.
conditions:
If the vehicle speed is greater than the VSL, the
• The fuel position is equal to the “Rated Fuel Power is limited. If a problem is discovered, refer
Limit”. to Troubleshooting, “Vehicle Speed Circuit - Test”.
• The fuel position is less than the “FRC Fuel 7. Check the “Powertrain Data Link”. Ensure that
Limit”. the SAE J1939 Powertrain Data Link is not
limiting the power.
If the fuel position is equal to the “Rated Fuel
Limit” and the fuel position is less than the a. Monitor the “Powertrain Data Link” status
“FRC fuel Limit”, the electronics are operating screen while the vehicle is experiencing
correctly. Go to Step 6. problems.
82
Troubleshooting Section
SMCS Code: 7431-035 The Warning Lamp should come on for at least 2
seconds. Then, the Warning Lamp should turn
off. The Warning Lamp will remain on or flash if
Probable Causes there is a problem with the engine.
The probable root causes are listed in order below:
83
Troubleshooting Section
SMCS Code: 1350-035 g. Listen for the solenoid and/or the relay to click
as the test is activated and deactivated.
Probable Causes
If the solenoid and/or the relay is clicking, the
The probable root causes are listed in order below: ECM and the circuit to the solenoid and/or the
relay are operating correctly.
• OEM vehicle component failure
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If the solenoid and/or the relay are not clicking, c. Start the engine. Allow the engine to idle.
refer to Troubleshooting, “Cooling Fan Circuit Watch the status screen on the electronic
and A/C High Pressure Switch Circuit - Test”. service tool that indicates the status of the
“A/C Fan Input”.
h. Access the “Three-Speed Fan Slip Output”
test. If the status screen indicates OFF at any
time and the fan is still ON, the A/C high
i. Listen for the Slip Solenoid to click as the test pressure switch circuit is operating correctly.
is activated and deactivated. The problem is in the OEM vehicle system.
If the Slip Solenoid is clicking, the ECM and If the status screen indicates ON and/or
the circuit to the Slip Solenoid are operating COUNTING, the ECM is turning the fan ON
correctly. because the A/C high pressure switch circuit
is open. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Cooling
If the Slip Solenoid is not clicking, refer to Fan Circuit and A/C High Pressure Switch
Troubleshooting, “Cooling Fan Circuit and A/C Circuit - Test”.
High Pressure Switch Circuit - Test”.
4. Check the Manual Fan Override Switch.
2. Check the “PTO Activates Cooling Fan”
parameter. a. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
link connector.
Note: If the problem occurs in PTO mode, continue
with this step. If the problem does not occur in PTO b. Access the parameter for the “Fan Override
mode, skip this step. Switch”.
a. Connect the electronic service tool to the data c. Check the parameter for the “Fan Override
link connector. Switch”. Ensure that the fan override switch
is programmed to one of the options for Input
b. Access the configuration parameters on the Selections.
electronic service tool.
If the parameter is programmed to one of the
c. Check the “PTO Activates Cooling Fan” four available outputs, check the input for
parameter. the fan override switch. The four available
options for Input Selections are the following
d. If the parameter is programmed to connections:
“Continuous” the cooling fan will run
continuously while the engine is in PTO mode. • J1/P1:6
3. Check the A/C high pressure switch circuit. • J1/P1:7
a. Connect the electronic service tool to the data • J1/P1:46
link connector.
• J1/P1:47
b. Access the status screen for the “A/C Fan
Input”. d. Access the status screen for the “Fan
Override Switch”.
If the status screen for the “A/C Fan Input”
indicates that the “A/C Fan Input” is disabled, If the status is ON, either the manual fan
the ECM is not programmed to use the signal override switch is ON or there is a short in the
input for the A/C high pressure switch. The circuit for the “Fan Override Switch”. Refer to
ECM will not turn the fan ON because of a Troubleshooting, “Cooling Fan Circuit and A/C
high A/C pressure. The problem is in the OEM High Pressure Switch Circuit - Test”.
vehicle system.
5. Dyno Mode will cause the cooling fan to run
If the status screen for the “A/C Fan Input” continuously. During a dyno run, the ECM should
indicates that the “A/C Fan Input” is OFF, be in Dyno Mode.
ON or COUNTING, the ECM is programmed
to turn the fan ON because the A/C high Dyno Mode will only be active for 30 minutes.
pressure switch circuit is open. If the status After 30 minutes, the ECM will exit Dyno Mode.
screen for the “A/C Fan Input” indicates OFF, Dyno Mode can only be enabled with the
ON or COUNTING, proceed to Step 3.c. electronic service tool.
85
Troubleshooting Section
• On/Off switch for Cruise Control and Idle Control • Cruise Kickout
• PTO On/Off Switch If the cruise control pause switch was the cause
of the last kickout, the cruise control pause
• Set/Resume Switch switch may be preventing normal operation of
the cruise control.
• Circuit for Service Brake Switch
a. Check the position of the cruise control pause
• Transmission Neutral Switch Circuit switch. If the switch is in the ON position, the
switch will prevent normal operation of the
• Clutch Switch Circuit cruise control. Change the switch to the OFF
position. Verify that the repair eliminates the
• Vehicle Speed Circuit problem.
86
Troubleshooting Section
• PTO On/Off Switch f. Check the vehicle speed while the vehicle is
being driven in order to determine that the
• Set/Resume Switch vehicle speed that is indicated by Cat ET
does not vary significantly from the vehicle
• Circuit for Service Brake Switch speed that is indicated by the speedometer.
Possible root causes for problems with the
• Transmission Neutral Switch vehicle speed circuit could be an incorrect
Vehicle Speed Calibration or an intermittent
• Clutch Switch speed signal. If the problem is not apparent,
refer to Troubleshooting, “Vehicle Speed
• Vehicle Speed Circuit - Test”.
a. Turn on the On/Off switch for Cruise Control 5. Check the Adaptive Cruise Control for proper
and Idle Control while the status screen on operation.
Cat ET is being viewed. The status screen
should indicate that the switch is changing a. Toggle the cruise control switch to the OFF
ON and OFF. If the problem is related to the position and to the ON position twice within
On/Off switch for Cruise Control and Idle 10 seconds. This will disable the Adaptive
Control, refer to Troubleshooting, “Cruise Cruise Control.
Control Switch Circuit - Test”.
b. Attempt to set the cruise control. Operate
b. Toggle the Set/Resume switch from SET to the vehicle under the same conditions that
RESUME while the status screen on Cat ET caused the problem.
is being viewed. The status screen should
indicate that the switch is changing ON c. If the problem still exists, then the problem is
and OFF. If the problem is related to the not the Adaptive Cruise Control.
Set/Resume switch, refer to Troubleshooting,
“Cruise Control Switch Circuit - Test”. d. If the problem is fixed, refer to Eaton for the
proper troubleshooting procedure.
c. Depress the Service Brake while the status
screen on Cat ET is being viewed. The status
screen should indicate that the pedal is
being depressed or released. If the problem
is related to the Service Brake switch, refer
to Troubleshooting, “Service Brake Pedal
Position (Switch 1) Circuit - Test”.
87
Troubleshooting Section
i01642805
Driver Questionnaire
SMCS Code: 0336
Table 139
Ask the driver to answer the following questions before attempting to repair an intermittent problem, or a problem with
symptoms but no diagnostic codes. Use this and the response guideline to these questions on the next page.
Questions Yes Comments
1. Ask the driver if the Check Engine Lamp turned on during the problem
or if the Check Engine Lamp turned on after the problem.
The Check Engine Lamp stays on for the following time period:
2. Ask the driver for the number of occurrences for this problem.
Ask the driver to duplicate the problem if the problem can be duplicated
in less than one hour.
3. Ask the driver if other shops have worked on the same problem.
If the answer is yes, ask the names of the shops. Also ask for the time
period for the work that was performed.
4. Ask the driver if the engine completely shut down. Ask the driver if the
restart required the use of the ignition key switch.
Ask the driver for the waiting period before the driver could restart the
engine after the shutdown.
5. Ask the driver if the engine had a hesitation, a speed burp or a misfire
without a complete shutdown.
6. Ask the driver if the radio, dash gauges or lights momentarily turn off
during an occurrence of the problem.
Ask the driver if there are any other observations about the truck ’s
components.
7. Ask the driver if the problem occurs only at specific engine loads.
Ask the driver for additional details.
8. Ask the driver if the problem occurs at a specific engine operating
temperature.
If the problem occurs at a specific engine operating temperature, record
the engine temperature.
9. Ask the driver if the problem occurs only at specific outside
temperatures or temperature ranges.
If the problem occurs only at specific outside temperatures or
temperature ranges, record the outside temperature or temperature
range.
10. Ask the driver if the problem occurs during any other specific
conditions.
11. Ask the driver if the problem occurs at a specific vehicle speed.
If the problem occurs at a specific vehicle speed, record the vehicle
speed.
12. Ask the driver if the vehicle kicked out of cruise control mode, idle
mode or PTO mode.
13. Ask the driver if the problem occurs during the use of the accelerator.
During this time, the engine is not in cruise control mode or PTO mode.
14. Ask the driver if the problem occurs at a specific engine rpm.
If the problem occurs at a specific engine rpm record the engine rpm.
88
Troubleshooting Section
i01891626
Driver Questionnaire
Response
SMCS Code: 0336
Table 140
1. If the check engine lamp turned on there will be a logged diagnostic code. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Troubleshooting with
a Diagnostic Code” in order to determine if the driver’s indicated symptoms agree with the symptoms that are associated
with the diagnostic code. If the driver’s symptoms do not match the symptoms of the diagnostic code, troubleshooting the
diagnostic code will not correct the problem. Review the snapshots that are associated with each diagnostic code in order to
determine the operating conditions of the engine during the occurrence of the problem. Try to duplicate these conditions.
If there are not any logged diagnostic codes, check the ECM battery connections. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Ignition Key
Switch Circuit and Battery Supply Circuit - Test”.
2. If the problem is easily repeatable, take the vehicle for a test drive while the electronic service tool is connected to the
data link connector. Note the conditions when the problem occurs. The operator should be prepared to take snapshot data
by using the electronic service tool or the Cruise Control Set/Resume switches. Ensure that you operate the vehicle after
correcting the problem. During vehicle operation, duplicate the operating conditions before releasing the vehicle in order to
verify that the problem has been corrected.
3. If been
has the vehicle
done. has been
Avoid to otherthe
replacing shops
sameforcomponents
the same problem, call theyou
again, unless other
areshops in order
absolutely to that
sure determine the type ofare
the components work
thethat
problem. If a component has recently been changed, it is unlikely that the component will fail again.
4. Troubleshoot the reason that the engine will not start. Repair the reason that the engine does not start. When you repair
the reason that the engine did not start you should repair the reason that the engine shut down. If the engine shut down
completely, check the ECM battery connections, the ground connections, the fuel system, the fuel, the primary engine
speed/timing sensor and the secondary engine speed/timing sensor. If the engine will not restart, refer to Troubleshooting,
“Engine Cranks but Will Not Start”.
5. If the problem is easily repeatable, refer to Troubleshooting, “Engine Misfires, Runs Rough or Is Unstable”.
If the problem is not easily repeatable, refer to Troubleshooting, “Intermittent Low Power or Power Cutout”.
6. If other devices on the vehicle are affected, something is wrong with the vehicle wiring. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Ignition
Key Switch Circuit and Battery Supply Circuit Test” for information on inspecting the ECM battery connections.
7. Operate the engine under similar load conditions. Check the low pressure fuel lines for restrictions. Also check the
fuel/water separator and the fuel tanks for foreign objects that are blocking the fuel supply.
8. Operate the engine at this temperature. Attempt to duplicate the problem.
9. When possible, troubleshoot the problem in this temperature range.
10. If the problem seems to occur during the rain or a washing, thoroughly inspect the connectors for moisture. Refer to
Troubleshooting, “Electrical Connectors - Inspect”.
11. If the problem occurs at a specific vehicle speed, check the parameters that affect vehicle speed in order to verify that the
parameters are programmed close to the vehicle speed of the occurrence of the problem. Check the following parameters:
“Vehicle Speed Limit”
“VSL Protection”
“Low Cruise Control Speed Set Limit”
“High Cruise Control Speed Set Limit”
“Idle Vehicle Speed Limit”
“PTO Vehicle Speed Limit”
“Engine/Gear Speed Limit”
Set each parameter to the maximum value one at a time and verify that the problem is corrected.
12. If the vehicle kicks out of cruise control mode, idle mode or PTO mode and it can be duplicated, check the status screen
on the electronic service tool. Check the status of the Cruise Kickout, the Idle Kickout or the PTO Kickout. If the problem
can not be duplicated, inspect the vehicle speed circuit, the service brake circuit and the clutch switch circuit and switch
adjustment, the circuit for the neutral switch and the circuits for the cruise/idle/pto switches, as required.
(continued)
89
Troubleshooting Section
13. Check for logged diagnostic codes that are associated with the accelerator pedal position sensor. Refer to
Troubleshooting, “Accelerator Pedal (Throttle) Position Sensor Circuit - Test”.
14. If the problem occurs at a specific engine rpm, check the “VSL Protection”, the “Idle rpm Limit”, the “Top Engine Limit”, the
“PTO Top Engine Limit” and the Progressive Shift Parameters. These parameters are programmable. Set each parameter
to the maximum value one at a time and verify that the problem is corrected.
90
Troubleshooting Section
• Electrical power supply to the ECM 3. Verify that the correct cable is being used
between the communication adapter and the
• Override switches service tool connector. Refer to Troubleshooting,
“Electronic Service Tools”.
• Personality module (flash file)
• ATA Data Link Electrical Power Supply to the Service
Tool Connector
Recommended Actions
Verify that battery voltage is present between
Start the engine. If the engine starts, but the ECM terminals A and B of the service tool connector. If
will not communicate with the Caterpillar Electronic the communication adapter is not receiving power,
Technician (Cat ET), continue with this procedure. the display on the communication adapter will be
If the engine will not start, refer to Troubleshooting, blank.
“Engine Cranks but Will Not Start”. If the engine will
not crank, refer to Troubleshooting, “Engine Will Cat ET and Related Hardware
Not Crank”.
In order to eliminate Cat ET and the related
Configuration for the Communications hardware as the problem, connect Cat ET to a
different engine. If the same problem occurs on
Adapter a different engine, check Cat ET and the related
hardware in order to determine the cause of the
1. Access “Preferences” under the “Utilities” menu problem.
on Cat ET.
2. Verify that the correct “Communications Interface Electrical Power Supply to the ECM
Device” is selected.
Check power to the ECM. Refer to Troubleshooting,
Note: The most commonly used port is “COM 1”. Note: If the ECM is not receiving battery voltage, the
ECM will not communicate.
4. Check for any hardware that is utilizing the same
port as the communications adapter. If any Override Switches
devices are configured to use the same port, exit
or close the software programs for that device. 1. Ensure that the ignition key switch is in the
ON position. Ensure that there are no override
switches that are creating the problem.
91
Troubleshooting Section
Ensure that the correct personality module is b. Check for active diagnostic codes. Certain
properly installed in the ECM. diagnostic codes will prevent the engine from
starting.
Note: The personality module that is provided in a
new ECM is blank. The engine will not start and c. Troubleshoot any diagnostic codes that are
the engine will not communicate with Cat ET until present before continuing with this procedure.
the personality module has been flashed. Refer to
Troubleshooting, “Flash Programming”. 2. Check the engine software.
ATA Data Link Verify that the software that is installed matches
the application.
Troubleshoot the ATA Data Link for possible
problems. Refer to Troubleshooting, “ATA (SAE A new ECM has a personality module that is not
J1587 / J1708) Data Link Circuit - Test”. programmed. The engine will not start until the
personality module has been flashed. Also, the
ECM will not communicate until the personality
i01891627 module has been flashed.
Engine Cranks but Will Not Note: The personality module on a new ECM will
Start not be programmed. Use “WinFlash” to program a
new ECM.
• Diagnostic codes
• Engine software
• Engine speed/timing signal
• Key switch
92
Troubleshooting Section
Illustration 22 g00947090
Bypass harness
3. Check the engine speed/timing signal. If the ECM will not communicate and the key
switch is in the ON position, refer to Step 6 .
a. Observe the engine rpm on the electronic
service tool while the engine is being cranked. Note: If the Engine Shutdown Output feature is
used, the status for the key switch may indicate
This may require the electronic service tool to that the switch is ON even though the key switch is
be powered directly by the vehicle batteries turned to the OFF position.
or this may require the electronic service tool
to be powered directly by a separate power 5. Check the communications between the ECM
source (12 VDC). Refer to Illustration 22. and the electronic service tool.
If the electronic service tool displays 0 rpm a. Ensure that the key switch is in the ON
and the engine is being cranked, there is a position. Attempt to access one of the status
problem in the circuit for the primary engine screens on the electronic service tool.
speed/timing sensor or the circuit for the
secondary engine speed/timing sensor. Refer If the electronic service tool indicates that the
to Troubleshooting, “Engine Speed/Timing ECM will not communicate go to Step 6 . If the
Circuit - Test”. ECM communicates go to Step 8.
If an engine rpm is present, check the sensor 6. Check aftermarket engine protection devices.
installation. If the sensor is not properly These devices usually interrupt power to the
installed, the sensor may read RPM but ECM and the ECM will not communicate with the
the sensor may not be able to sense the electronic service tool.
tooth pattern. The ability to sense the tooth
pattern isEngine
position. necessary
rpmto
is determine the cylinder
present when the a. Check for the
aftermarket correct
engine installation
protection of the
device.
engine rpm is 50 rpm or more.
b. Check for the correct operation of the
4. Check the key switch. aftermarket engine protection device.
a. Access the status for “Ignition Key Switch”. c. Verify that the ECM is receiving battery
voltage.
b. Slowly cycle the key switch ON and OFF
while the status of the key switch is being 7. Check the electrical power supply to the ECM.
monitored. The status should indicate the
state of the switch.
93
Troubleshooting Section
a. Check the power connection of the ECM and e. Check for fuel supply lines that are restricted.
the ground connection of the ECM.
f. Check the fuel filters.
b. Verify that the ECM is receiving battery
voltage when the key switch is turned ON. g. If the temperature is below 0 C (32 F), check
94
Troubleshooting Section
b. Ensure that the J2/P2 ECM connector is fully • The engine is unstable by using the
connected and free of corrosion. accelerator pedal position sensor.
c. Connect the electronic service tool to the If the status of the accelerator pedal position
data link connector. Access the “Cylinder sensor is unstable, refer to Troubleshooting,
Cutout Test” by selecting the “Diagnostics “Accelerator Pedal (Throttle) Position Sensor
Tests” under the “Diagnostic” menu. Run the Circuit - Test”.
“Cylinder Cutout Test” in order to disable each
cylinder. Disabling each cylinder allows the 4. Check the “Powertrain Data Link”. Ensure that
technician to isolate the misfiring cylinders. the power train data link is not limiting the power.
If the misfiring cylinder can be isolated to a. Monitor the “Powertrain Data Link” status
a specific cylinder, refer to Troubleshooting, screen while the vehicle is experiencing
“Injector Solenoid Circuit - Test”. problems.
2. Check the fuel supply. If the “Powertrain Data Link” status screen
indicates that the “Powertrain Data Link” is
a. Monitor the exhaust for smoke while the limiting the power or the rpm, verify that this
engine is being cranked. is not normal operation. If this is not normal
operation, refer to the vehicle OEM for repairs.
If white smoke is present, there may be a
problem with the fuel quality. 5. Check the primary engine speed/timing sensor.
b. Check the fuel quality. Refer to Testing and If the signal from the primary engine speed/timing
Adjusting, “Fuel Quality - Test”. Also refer sensor is lost intermittently, the engine may
to the Truck Performance and Driveability misfire. The misfiring may occur when the
Diagnostic Guide, LEBT3477. signal source becomes the secondary engine
speed/timing sensor. Ensure that the primary
c. Check the fuel pressure. Refer to Testing and engine speed/timing sensor is properly installed.
Adjusting, “Fuel System Pressure - Test”. Also, ensure that the wiring is not damaged or
pulled too tightly. This may cause an intermittent
d. Ensure that the fuel system has been primed. connection. Also, ensure that the crankshaft gear
Refer to Testing and Adjusting, “Fuel System and the timing plate are not damaged. Refer to
- Prime”. Troubleshooting, “Engine Speed/Timing Sensor
Circuit - Test” for more information.
e. Check for fuel supply lines that are restricted.
6. Check the secondary engine speed/timing
f. Check the fuel filters. sensor.
a. Use the Cruise/Idle On/Off Switch to put the Engine Retarder (Compression
engine in idle mode.
Brake) Will Not Turn ON
b. Vary the engine rpm with the Set/Resume
switches. SMCS Code: 1129-035
• The engine is stable by using idle mode to • Customer Specified Parameter (Engine Retarder)
control the engine rpm.
95
Troubleshooting Section
• Cruise Control On/Off Switch If the status for the Engine Retarder Switches
does not correspond to the position of
• Engine Retarder On/Off Switch the Engine Retarder Switches, refer to
Troubleshooting, “Retarder (Compression
• Retarder Off/Low/Medium/High Switch Brake) Solenoid circuit - Test”.
• Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor 3. Check the Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
and the Clutch Switch.
• Clutch Switch
a. Connect an Electronic Service Tool to the Cab
• Additional Customer Specified Parameters Data Link Connector.
• PTO On/Off Switch b. Turn the ignition key to the ON position while
the engine is OFF.
Recommended Actions c. Access the status screen for the Accelerator
Pedal Position.
Perform the following diagnostic procedures in
order:
d. Depress the accelerator pedal and release
the accelerator pedal several times while the
1. Check the Engine Retarder Mode.
status screen for the accelerator pedal is
If the Engine Retarder Mode is programmed being watched.
to Latch or Coast, the engine retarder will not
The Accelerator Pedal Position should be in a
activate unless the service brake pedal is
range of 3 to 100 percent. If the Accelerator
depressed.
Pedal Position is not in a range of 3 to 100
percent, refer to Troubleshooting, “Accelerator
If the Engine Retarder Mode is programmed to
Pedal (Throttle) Position Sensor Circuit - Test”.
Manual, service brakes are not required.
e. Access the status screen for the Clutch
2. Check the Engine Retarder On/Off Switch and
Switch.
the Retarder Off/Low/Medium/High Switch.
f. Depress the clutch pedal and release the
Note: The Engine Retarder On/Off Switch must be
clutch pedal several times while the status
in the ON position in order to permit engine retarder
screen for the Clutch Switch is being watched.
operation.
The status screen for the Clutch Switch
a. Connect an Electronic Service Tool to the Cab
should indicate that the clutch pedal is being
Data Link Connector.
depressed and released. When the clutch
pedal is being depressed the status screen
b. Turn the ignition key to the ON position while
should indicate ON. When the clutch pedal
the engine is OFF.
is being released the status screen should
indicate OFF. If the status of the Clutch
c. Access the status screen for the Engine
Switch does not correspond to the position
Retarder Switch.
of the clutch pedal, refer to Troubleshooting,
“Accelerator Pedal (Throttle) Position Sensor
d. Move the engine retarder switches to each
Circuit - Test”.
of the available levels while the status of the
switch is being watched on the Electronic
4. Check additional Customer Specified
Serviceretarder
engine Tool. The available
switches levels
have the of the
following Parameters.
designations:
a. Connect an Electronic Service Tool to the Cab
Data Link Connector.
• Off
b. Turn the ignition key to the ON position while
• Low the engine is OFF.
• Medium c. Access the Customer Specified Parameters
screen.
• High
d. Review the programming of the following
Note: Some vehicles may have a set of switches on
parameters:
the dash and the shift lever.
96
Troubleshooting Section
c. Access the status screen for the PTO On/Off 2. Check for unbalance of the Clutch Disc and/or
Switch. misalignment of the Clutch Disc.
If the status of the PTO On/Off Switch does a. Start the engine.
not correspond to the position of the PTO
On/Off Switch, refer to Troubleshooting, “PTO b. Run the engine through the entire Idle Speed
Switch Circuit - Test”. range while the clutch is disengaged.
97
Troubleshooting Section
Further analysis requires the use of a vibration If the amplitude of the vibration is less than
instrument. Any instrument that can accurately 4.0 mils, check the damper pilot.
measure the displacement of the vibration
and the frequency of the vibration will be If the runout of the damper pilot is less than
sufficient. The 4C-3030 Vibration Analyzer 0.10 mm (0.004 inch), install a new damper.
can be used to provide a quick identification
and complete identification of all vibration If the runout of the damper pilot is greater
frequencies that are present in a constant than 0.10 mm (0.004 inch), correct the runout.
speed measurement. Refer to Special Instruction
, SEHS7914, “Troubleshooting Vibration In c. If the amplitude of the vibration was greater
Vehicular Equipment” for additional information. than 4.0 mils after the removal of the damper,
remove the transmission’s pressure plate and
If the frequency of the vibration is half of the clutch disc.
engine rpm (half order), the vibration is caused
by a misfiring cylinder. d. Recheck the vibration.
If the frequency of the vibration is 3 times the e. If the amplitude of the vibration was greater
engine rpm (third order), no corrective action than 4.0 mils after the removal of the
can be taken on the engine because this is the transmission’s pressure plate and clutch
firing frequency of the engine. The problem is in disc, an engine component is out-of-balance.
the resonance of the cab or the problem is in the The following components could be
resonance of the chassis. out-of-balance:
1. Check the vibrations of the first order. c. Check for excessive gear backlash.
98
Troubleshooting Section
Note: This is NOT an electronic system problem. 8. Ensure free movement of the driveline.
Refer to Testing and Adjusting for additional
information. 9. Remove engine accessories that may lock up
the engine and inspect engine accessories that
The probable root causes are listed in order below: may lock up the engine.
• Seizure
Recommended Actions • Broken components
Perform the following diagnostic procedures in
order:
• Bent components
1. Inspect the batteries. Refer to Disassembly and Assembly.
a. Charge the batteries. Refer to Special
Instruction, SEHS7633, “Battery Test i01891611
Procedure”.
Excessive Black Smoke
b. Load test the batteries. Refer to Special
Instruction, SEHS9249, “Use of 4C-4911 SMCS Code: 1088-035
Battery Load Tester for 6, 8 and 12 Volt Lead
Acid Batteries”. Probable Causes
2. Check the vehicle wiring to the starting motor The probable root causes are listed in order below:
solenoid. Refer to the OEM vehicle manual.
• Air inlet system or exhaust system
3. Check the engine start switch and the relay for
switch power. • Valve lash
4. Inspect the starting motor cables for damage • Electronic unit injector
or loose connections.
• Boost pressure sensor
99
Troubleshooting Section
• Atmospheric pressure sensor While the vehicle is operating under full load,
the parameters should meet the following
• Electronic system problem conditions:
100
Troubleshooting Section
If the vehicle speed is greater than the VSL, the • Average vehicle speed
Power is limited. If a problem is discovered, refer
to Troubleshooting, “Vehicle Speed Circuit - Test”. • Vehicle Speed Limit
8. Check the “Powertrain Data Link”. Ensure that Look for excessively high values for these
the SAE J1939 Powertrain Data Link is not items.
limiting the power.
d. Consider the following environmental
a. Monitor the “Powertrain Data Link” status conditions:
screen while the vehicle is experiencing
problems. • Wind
If the “Powertrain Data Link” status screen • Snow
indicates that the “Powertrain Data Link” is
limiting the power or the rpm, verify that this 2. Check the vehicle specifications.
is not normal operation. If this is not normal
operation, refer to the vehicle OEM for repairs. Check the specifications on the following items:
• Fuel Supply d. Ensure that the fuel system has been primed.
Refer to Testing and Adjusting, “Fuel System
• Air Inlet System or Exhaust System - Prime”.
Recommended Actions e. Check for fuel supply lines that are restricted.
a. Inspect the ECM Totals for idle time. h. Check for air in the fuel system. Refer to
Testing and Adjusting, “Air in Fuel - Test”.
b. Inspect the Fleet Trip Histograms for excessive
idling or poor driving habits. 4. Check the Air Inlet System for restrictions
or leakage. Check the Exhaust System for
c. Check the following items: restrictions or leakage. Refer to Testing and
Adjusting, “Air Inlet and Exhaust System -
• Load factor Inspect”.
101
Troubleshooting Section
The probable root causes are listed in order below: c. Monitor the status of the atmospheric pressure
sensor on the status screen. Compare the
• Normal operation value for the atmospheric pressure on the
status screen to the actual atmospheric
• Fuel supply pressure.
102
Troubleshooting Section
Idle, or PTO Kickout a. Ensure that the operator has not actually
turned off the Cruise Control On/Off Switch or
SMCS Code: 1915-035 the PTO On/Off Switch.
• A clutch pedal position switch that is incorrectly c. If the problem is related to the Cruise Control
or Idle Control refer to Troubleshooting,
adjusted
“Cruise Control Circuit, Service Brake Pedal
Position (Switch 1) Circuit, and Clutch Pedal
• Malfunctioning On/Off switch for cruise control
and idle control Position Switch Circuit - Test”.
If Cat ET indicates “Switch Turned Off”, go to d. If the problem is related to the PTO refer to
Step 2. Troubleshooting, “PTO Switch Circuit - Test”.
103
Troubleshooting Section
b. Check the vehicle speed that is displayed on • Air inlet system (Boost)
the status screen on Cat ET while the vehicle
is parked. Adjust the engine rpm up and • Accelerator pedal position sensor
down. Also check the vehicle speed while the
vehicle is being driven in order to determine • Fuel supply
that the vehicle speed that is indicated
by Cat ET does not vary significantly from • Vehicle speed circuit
the vehicle speed that is indicated by the
speedometer. If the problem is not apparent, • Power train control
refer to Troubleshooting, “Vehicle Speed
Circuit - Test”. • Torque limit switch
b. Attempt to set the cruise control. Operate a. Disable the “Soft Cruise Control” parameter.
the vehicle under the same conditions that
caused the problem. b. Verify that the problems do not return.
c. If the problem still exists, then the problem is c. If the problems do not return, the problem
not the Adaptive Cruise Control. was due to normal operation.
d. If the problem is fixed, refer to Eaton for the Soft cruise control provides an 8 km/h (5 mph)
proper troubleshooting procedure. operating range around the cruise control set
speed in order to provide a smoother cruise
control.
104
Troubleshooting Section
d. Enable the “Soft Cruise Control”. If the engine can not reach the programmed
“Top Engine Limit”, check the duty cycle of
3. Check the vehicle harness and the connectors. the accelerator pedal position in order to
Refer to Troubleshooting, “Electrical Connectors ensure that the signal is within calibration (75
- Inspect”. to 90 Percent at high idle).
4. Check the Battery power or ground to the ECM. If the accelerator pedal position is unstable,
check the duty cycle of the accelerator
a. Ensure that the following connectors have pedal position. Check the duty cycle of the
been installed correctly: accelerator pedal position by slowly operating
the accelerator pedal in order to verify that
• J1/P1 and J2/P2 ECM connectors the accelerator pedal position sensor is within
calibration. The accelerator pedal position
• Front valve cover connector sensor is within calibration when both of the
following conditions are met:
• Rear valve cover connector
• 10 to 22 percent at low idle
• Primary engine speed/timing connector
• 75 to 90 percent at high idle
• Secondary engine speed/timing connector
Also, ensure that the duty cycle changes as
5. Check for an electronic system problem. the pedal position changes.
a. Monitor the fuel position, the Rated Fuel Limit If a problem with the accelerator pedal
and the FRC Fuel Limit. position sensor is suspected, refer to
Troubleshooting, “Accelerator Pedal (Throttle)
While the vehicle is operating under full load, Position Sensor Circuit - Test”.
the parameters should meet the following
conditions: Note: If the engine exceeds the Top Engine Limit,
the “Top Engine Limit with Droop” is programmed
• The fuel position is equal to the Rated Fuel to YES.
Limit.
7. Monitor the vehicle speed signal. Ensure
• The fuel position is less than the FRC Fuel the accuracy of the vehicle speed signal by
Limit. comparing the vehicle speed signal to the actual
vehicle speed.
If the fuel position is equal to the Rated Fuel
Limit and the fuel position is less than the If the vehicle speed is greater than the “VSL”, the
FRC Fuel Limit, the Electronics are operating Power is limited. If a problem is discovered, refer
correctly. Go to Step 7. to Troubleshooting, “Vehicle Speed Circuit - Test”.
6. If the fuel position is not equal to the Rated Fuel 8. Check the “Powertrain Data Link”. Ensure that
Limit and/or the fuel position is not less than the the power train data link is not limiting the power.
FRC Fuel Limit, perform the following tests in
order: a. Monitor the “Powertrain Data Link” status
screen while the vehicle is experiencing
a. When the engine is OFF, turn the key switch problems.
to the ON position. Check the boost pressure
on the status screen on the electronic service If the “Powertrain Data Link” status screen
tool. indicates that the “Powertrain Data Link” is
limiting the power or the rpm, verify that this
When the engine is OFF, the boost pressure is not normal operation. If this is not normal
should be 0 kPa (0 psi). operation, refer to the vehicle OEM for repairs.
b. Monitor the status of the accelerator pedal 9. Check the fuel supply.
position sensor. Operate the engine at high
idle with the vehicle in neutral. a. Monitor the exhaust for smoke while the
engine is being cranked.
105
Troubleshooting Section
If the “Torque Limit” is programmed below 2. Monitor the status screens on Cat ET.
3400 N·m (2500 lb ft), check the status
screen for the torque limit switch. Ensure 3. Check for an “Intake Vlave System Starting” flag
that the status screen indicates that the at the top left of any status screen.
torque limit switch is OFF. If the status of
the torque limit switch is ON and a torque Note: The engine will not receive full power until
limit is programmed, the system is operating the “Intake Vlave System Starting” flag becomes
correctly. If the switch that is connected to inactive.
this signal input is not switching ON and
switching OFF, refer to Troubleshooting, “PTO Cold Mode
Switch Circuit - Test”.
1. Start the engine.
i01945523
2. Monitor the status screens on Cat ET.
Low Power/Poor or No
3. Check for a “Cold Mode” flag at the top of any
Response to Throttle status screen.
SMCS Code: 1000-035 Note: The engine will not receive full power until the
“Cold Mode” flag becomes inactive.
Probable Causes
Customer Specified Parameters
The probable root causes are listed in order below:
1. Verify that the complaint is not normal operation
• Diagnostic codes (programmed parameter).
• Intake valve actuation system 2. Access the “Configuration” screen on Cat ET.
106
Troubleshooting Section
• The Fuel Position is equal to the Rated Fuel 6. Monitor the vehicle speed signal. Ensure
Limit. the accuracy of the vehicle speed signal by
comparing the vehicle speed signal to the actual
• The Fuel Position is less than the FRC Fuel vehicle speed.
Limit.
If the vehicle speed is greater than the “VSL”, the
2. If the Fuel Position is equal to the Rated Fuel power is limited. If a problem is discovered, refer
Limit and the Fuel Position is less than the FRC to Troubleshooting, “Vehicle Speed Circuit - Test”.
Fuel Limit, the electronics are operating correctly.
Go to Step 3. 7. Check the “Power train Data Link”. Ensure that
the power train data link is not limiting the power.
3. If the Fuel Position is not equal to the Rated Fuel
Limit and/or the Fuel Position is not less than a. Monitor the “Power train Data Link” status
the FRC Fuel Limit, perform the following tests screen while the vehicle is experiencing
in order: problems.
4. When the engine is OFF, turn the key switch to If the “Power train Data Link” status screen
the ON position. Check the boost pressure on indicates that the “Power train Data Link” is
the status screen. limiting the power or the rpm, verify that this
is not normal operation. If this is not normal
When the engine is OFF, the boost pressure operation, refer to the vehicle OEM for repairs.
should be 0 kPa (0 psi).
Fuel Supply
5. Monitor the status of the accelerator pedal
position sensor. Operate the engine at high idle 1. Monitor the exhaust for smoke while the engine
with the vehicle in Neutral. is being cranked.
If the engine can not reach the programmed If no smoke is present, there may be a problem
“Top Engine Limit”, check the duty cycle for the with the fuel quality or there may be a problem
accelerator pedal position sensor in order to with the fuel supply.
ensure that the duty cycle is within calibration
(75 to 90 Percent at high idle). 2. Check the fuel quality. Refer to Testing and
Adjusting, “Fuel Quality - Test”. Also refer to the
Truck Performance and Driveability Diagnostic
Guide, LEBT3477.
107
Troubleshooting Section
3. Check the fuel pressure. Refer to Testing and If the “Torque Limit” is programmed below
Adjusting, “Fuel System Pressure - Test”. 3400 N·m (2500 lb ft), check the status screen
for the Torque Limit Switch. Ensure that the status
4. Ensure that the fuel system has been primed. screen indicates that the torque limit switch is
Refer to Testing and Adjusting, “Fuel System - OFF. If the status of the torque limit switch is
Prime”. ON and a “Torque Limit” is programmed, the
system is operating correctly. If the switch that
5. Check for fuel supply lines that are restricted. is connected to this signal input is not switching
ON and switching OFF, refer to Troubleshooting,
6. Check the fuel filters. “PTO Switch Circuit - Test”.
i01945524
for solidified fuel (wax).
108
Troubleshooting Section
Note: The engine will not receive full power until Power train Data Link
the “Intake Vlave System Starting” flag becomes
inactive. 1. Ensure that the power train data link is not
limiting the power.
Cold Mode
2. Monitor the “Powertrain Data Link” status screen
1. Start the engine. while the vehicle is experiencing problems.
2. Monitor the status screens on Cat ET. If the “Powertrain Data Link” status screen
indicates that the “Powertrain Data Link” is
3. Check for a “Cold Mode” flag at the top of any limiting the power or the rpm, verify that this
status screen. is not normal operation. If this is not normal
operation, refer to the vehicle OEM for repairs.
Note: The engine will not receive full power until the
“Cold Mode” flag becomes inactive. Torque Limit Switch
Customer Specified Parameters 1. Check the setting for the customer parameter
for the “Torque Limit”.
1. Verify that the complaint is not normal operation
(programmed parameter). If the “Torque Limit” is programmed below
3400 N·m (2500 lb ft), check the status screen
2. Access the “Configuration” screen on Cat ET. for the Torque Limit Switch. Ensure that the status
screen indicates that the torque limit switch is
3. Check the following parameters: OFF. If the status of the torque limit switch is
ON and a “Torque Limit” is programmed, the
• “Lower Gears Engine RPM Limit” system is operating correctly. If the switch that
is connected to this signal input is not switching
• “Intermediate Gears Engine RPM Limit” ON and switching OFF, refer to Troubleshooting,
“PTO Switch Circuit - Test”.
• “Gear Down Protction Engine RPM Limit”
4. Set each parameter to the parameter’s maximum
value one at a time and determine whether the
problem is corrected.
109
Troubleshooting Section
Troubleshooting with a
Diagnostic Code
i01929511
Diagnostic Codes
SMCS Code: 1900
Table 141
Flash
Diagnostic Code SPN-FMI Code Description of Code
Code
52-11 52-11 Air Inlet Shutoff Shutdown
84-14 84-14 Quick Stop Occurrence
166-14 166-14 Rated Engine Power Special Instructions
171-03 171-03 Ambient Air Temperature voltage high
00 171-04 171-04 Ambient Air Temperature voltage low
171-11 171-11 Ambient Air Temperature Data Lost
246-11 597-11 Brake Pedal Switch #1 Fault
247-11 603-11 Brake Pedal Switch #2 Fault
385-01 2948-01 Low Intake Valve Actuation System Oil Pressure
01 71-00 Idle Shutdown Override
111-02 111-02 Coolant Level signal invalid
12 111-03 111-03 Coolant Level voltage high
111-04 111-04 Coolant Level voltage low
174-03 174-03 Fuel Temperature voltage high
174-04 174-04 Fuel Temperature voltage low
13
224-11 Theft Deterrent Active
224-14 Theft Deterrent Active with Engine Cranking
121-05 1072-05 Low/High Retarder current low
121-06 1072-06 Low/High Retarder current high
14
122-05 1073-05 Med/High Retarder current low
122-06 1073-06 Med/High Retarder current high
17 168-01 168-01 Low ECM Battery Power
41-03 678-03 8 Volt Supply voltage high
41-04 678-04 8 Volt Supply voltage low
21
232-03 620-03 5 Volt Supply voltage high
232-04 620-04 5 Volt Supply voltage low
100-03 100-03 Oil Pressure voltage high
24
100-04 100-04 Oil Pressure voltage low
102-03 102-03 Boost Pressure voltage high
25
102-04 102-04 Boost Pressure voltage low
(continued)
110
Troubleshooting Section
Flash
Diagnostic Code SPN-FMI Code Description of Code
Code
108-03 108-03 Barometric Pressure voltage high
26
108-04 108-04 Barometric Pressure voltage low
111
Troubleshooting Section
Flash
Diagnostic Code SPN-FMI Code Description of Code
Code
105-00 105-00 High Intake Manifold Air Temperature Warning
64
105-11 105-11 Very High Intake Manifold Air Temperature
112
Troubleshooting Section
Flash
Diagnostic Code SPN-FMI Code Description of Code
Code
289-05 2954-05 Intake Valve Actuator #5 current low
289-06 2954-06 Intake Valve Actuator #5 current high
i01501859 i01795628
Conditions Which Generate This Code: Conditions Which Generate This Code:
A Flash Code 55 indicates that the system has not • The ECM detects a low current condition (open
detected any system faults since the last powerup. circuit) during five consecutive attempts to
energize the No. 1 injector.
System Response:
• The battery voltage is above 9 VDC for the last
This code will not appear on a service tool. The two seconds.
check engine lamp is used to display the flash
code. For more information on flash codes, refer System Response:
to Troubleshooting, “Check Engine Lamp Circuit -
Test”. The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp will
Troubleshooting: illuminate while this diagnostic code is active. The
electronic service tool will show an “OPEN” during
There are no problems that require troubleshooting. the “Injector Solenoid Test”. The automatic “Cylinder
Cutout Test” will not work.
Results:
Possible Performance Effect:
• OK – STOP.
• Engine misfires
• Low Power
The injector will not operate while this diagnostic
code is active.
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Troubleshooting Section
Troubleshooting: i01795638
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
• Engine misfires
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp will
• Low Power
illuminate while this diagnostic code is active. The
electronic service tool will show a “SHORT” during The injector will not operate while this diagnostic
the “Injector Solenoid Test”. The automatic “Cylinder code is active.
Cutout Test” will not work.
Troubleshooting:
Possible Performance Effect:
Perform the following diagnostic procedure:
• Engine misfires “Injector Solenoid Circuit - Test”
Troubleshooting: i01795639
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Troubleshooting Section
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM Perform the following diagnostic procedure:
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp will “Injector Solenoid Circuit - Test”
illuminate while this diagnostic code is active. The
electronic service tool will show a “SHORT” during Results:
the “Injector Solenoid Test”. The automatic “Cylinder
Cutout Test” will not work. • OK – STOP.
Possible Performance Effect:
i01795641
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM Perform the following diagnostic procedure:
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp will “Injector Solenoid Circuit - Test”
illuminate while this diagnostic code is active. The
electronic service tool will show an “OPEN” during Results:
the “Injector Solenoid Test”. The automatic “Cylinder
Cutout Test” will not work. • OK – STOP.
Possible Performance Effect:
• Engine misfires
• Low Power
The injector will not operate while this diagnostic
code is active.
115
Troubleshooting Section
• The ECM detects a low current condition (open Possible Performance Effect:
circuit) during five consecutive attempts to
energize the No. 4 injector. • Engine misfires
• The battery voltage is above 9 VDC for the last • Low Power
two seconds.
The injector will not operate while this diagnostic
System Response: code is active.
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM Troubleshooting:
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp will
illuminate while this diagnostic code is active. The Perform the following diagnostic procedure:
electronic service tool will show an “OPEN” during “Injector Solenoid Circuit - Test”
the “Injector Solenoid Test”. The automatic “Cylinder
Cutout Test” will not work. Results:
• The ECM detects a high current condition (short Possible Performance Effect:
circuit) during five consecutive attempts to
energize the No. 4 injector. • Engine misfires
• The battery voltage is above 9 VDC for the last • Low Power
two seconds.
The injector will not operate while this diagnostic
code is active.
116
Troubleshooting Section
Troubleshooting: i01795651
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
• Engine misfires
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp will
• Low Power
illuminate while this diagnostic code is active. The
electronic service tool will show a “SHORT” during The injector will not operate while this diagnostic
the “Injector Solenoid Test”. The automatic “Cylinder code is active.
Cutout Test” will not work.
Troubleshooting:
Possible Performance Effect:
Perform the following diagnostic procedure:
• Engine misfires “Injector Solenoid Circuit - Test”
Troubleshooting: i01795652
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Troubleshooting Section
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM Test Step 1. Engine Overspeed
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp will
illuminate while this diagnostic code is active. The A. Check the ECM for indications of an engine
electronic service tool will show a “SHORT” during overspeed.
the “Injector Solenoid Test”. The automatic “Cylinder
Cutout Test” will not work. B. If there are indications of an engine overspeed,
check the cluster gear for proper alignment.
Possible Performance Effect: Also check the cluster gear for damage. Refer
to Testing and Adjusting, “Gear Group (Front)
• Engine misfires - Time”.
The injector will not operate while this diagnostic The cluster gear is properly aligned and there is no
code is active. damage to the cluster gear.
Troubleshooting: Results:
Engine Speed Signal Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Calibration (42) STOP.
STOP.
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Troubleshooting Section
B. If the cylinder head was removed, the backlash • Not OK – There is a problem with the installation
for the camshaft may be out of the specification. or the wiring of the engine speed/timing sensors.
C. Check the backlash for the camshaft. Refer to Repair: Install the sensors properly or repair the
Testing and Adjusting, “Gear Group (Front) - wiring.
Time”.
Run the engine until the engine reaches operating
Expected Result: temperature.
The backlash for the camshaft is within Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
specifications.
STOP.
Results:
i01942211
• OK – Proceed to Test Step 4.
0022-13 Engine Speed Signal
• Not OK – The backlash for the camshaft is not
within specifications. Calibration Not Performed (42)
Repair: Adjust the backlash for the camshaft. SMCS Code: 1912-038
Refer to Testing and Adjusting, “Gear Group Conditions Which Generate This Code:
(Front) - Time”.
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the
Run the engine until the engine reaches operating following conditions:
temperature.
• A timing calibration has never been performed
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. on a new ECM or the timing is off by more than
3 degrees.
STOP.
System Response:
Test Step 4. Engine Speed/Timing
Sensors This code will not be logged. The check engine
lamp will illuminate while this diagnostic code is
A. Check the engine speed/timing sensors for active. The ECM uses default timing.
proper installation. The engine speed/timing
sensors can not be interchanged. Possible Performance Effect:
B. Verify that the sensor wires are connected The engine may run rough or the engine may emit
properly. Refer to the electrical schematic for white smoke in the exhaust.
proper wiring. Make sure that the positive
terminal on the ECM is connected to the positive Troubleshooting:
terminal on the engine speed/timing sensors.
Also, make sure that the negative terminal on the Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Engine
ECM is connected to the negative terminal on Speed/Timing Sensor - Calibrate”
the engine speed/timing sensors.
Results:
Expected Result:
• OK – STOP.
The engine speed/timing sensors are properly
installed. Also, the engine speed/timing sensors are
wired correctly.
Results:
• OK
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Troubleshooting Section
Note: If the “PTO Configuration” is programmed to Note: The Remote Accelerator Pedal Position
“Remote Throttle”, the ECM must receive a proper Sensor can not be calibrated.
signal from the remote throttle at all times. The
remote throttle signal must be present even when Perform the following diagnostic procedure:
the PTO ON/OFF switch is in the OFF position. “Remote PTO Accelerator Position Sensor Circuit -
Test”
System Response:
Results:
The ECM returns the engine to low idle when the
problem is detected. “DIAG” will be displayed next • OK – STOP.
to the status for “Throttle Position” on the electronic
service tool. i01942209
Results: • The 8 volt supply is more than 8.5 VDC for more
than one second.
• OK – STOP.
• The ECM has been powered for more than three
seconds.
i01852958
System Response:
0030-13 PTO Throttle out of
calibration (29) The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp
SMCS Code: 1913-038 will illuminate while this diagnostic code is active.
An active diagnostic code may not cause any
Conditions Which Generate This Code: noticeable effect on engine response unless the
voltage is above 12 or 13 VDC.
The ECM detects the following conditions:
Possible Performance Effect:
• The duty cycle of the signal for the PTO throttle is
less than 5 percent or more than 95 percent for The engine may be limited to low idle.
more than two seconds.
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Troubleshooting Section
Results:
• OK – STOP.
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Troubleshooting Section
i01942207 i01855346
Conditions Which Generate This Code: Conditions Which Generate This Code:
This code indicates that the engine was shutdown The ECM detects the following conditions:
due to an engine overspeed condition.
• There is a low current condition (open circuit) in
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the the circuit for the lockout solenoid for more than
following conditions: two seconds.
• Engine speed is greater than 2500 rpm. • The “Transmission Style” is programmed to “Eaton
Top 2”.
• “Air Inlet Shutoff Relay Control” is programmed
to J2/P2:13. System Response:
• There is no detected vehicle speed. The solenoid that is currently enabled will remain
in the ON position until neutral is detected.
• There are no active vehicle speed faults. Then manual operation occurs until the system
powers down. Manual operation is defined as both
• All required interlocks are set. solenoids OFF.
The ECM will disable the unit injectors and the ECM The ECM disables the Eaton Top 2 mode.
will activate the air inlet shutoff relay.
Troubleshooting:
Possible Performance Effect:
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Eaton
The engine will shut down. Top 2 Transmission Circuit - Test”
Troubleshooting: Results:
Repair: If there is a problem with the air inlet The ECM detects the following conditions:
shutoff circuit, refer to Troubleshooting, “Air Inlet
Shutoff Circuit - Test”. • There is a high current condition (short circuit) in
the circuit for the lockout solenoid for more than
STOP. two seconds.
122
Troubleshooting Section
The solenoid that is currently enabled will remain 0055-06 Auxiliary Output #07
in the ON position until neutral is detected. current high (67)
Then manual operation occurs until the system
powers down. Manual operation is defined as both SMCS Code: 1901-038
solenoids OFF.
Conditions Which Generate This Code:
Possible Performance Effect:
The ECM detects the following conditions:
The ECM disables the Eaton Top 2 mode.
• There is a high current condition (short circuit) in
Troubleshooting: the circuit for the shift solenoid.
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Eaton • The “Transmission Style” is programmed to “Eaton
Top 2 Transmission Circuit - Test” Top 2”.
The solenoid that is currently enabled will remain 0064-08 Secondary Engine
in the ON position until neutral is detected. Speed loss of signal (34)
Then manual operation occurs until the system
powers down. Manual operation is defined as both SMCS Code: 1912-038
solenoids OFF.
Conditions Which Generate This Code:
Possible Performance Effect:
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the
The ECM disables the Eaton Top 2 mode. following conditions:
123
Troubleshooting Section
System Response: Note: The idle shutdown timer will not begin
counting again for shutdown until the vehicle is
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM moved and the accelerator pedal is depressed.
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp
will illuminate once this diagnostic code has been Customer passwords are required to clear this
active for more than ten hours. The ECM will ignore diagnostic code.
the secondary engine speed/timing sensor.
Possible Performance Effect:
Possible Performance Effect:
None
None
Troubleshooting:
Note: If the signals from both engine speed/timing
sensors are lost, then the engine will shut down. Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Idle
Shutdown Timer - Test”
Troubleshooting:
Results:
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Engine
Speed/Timing Sensor Circuit - Test” • OK – STOP.
Results:
i01857558
• OK – STOP. 0071-01 Idle Shutdown (47)
i01857555 SMCS Code: 1901-038
(100.4 F).
124
Troubleshooting Section
The ECM detects the following conditions: The ECM will not energize the injector solenoids
while the diagnostic code is active. “VEHICLE
SPEED LIMIT” will be displayed on the status
• The timer for the PTO has expired and the engine screen when the vehicle speed limit is exceeded.
has shut down.
Customer passwords are required to clear this code.
• The PTO On/Off switch is in the ON position.
Possible Performance Effect:
• The “PTO Configuration” parameter is
programmed to “Cab Switches”, “Remote Injection is disabled until the vehicle speed falls
Switches”, or “Remote Throttle”. below the programmed “Vehicle Speed Limit”.
i01863221
• The vehicle speed signal indicates that the
vehicle speed is 0 MPH.
0084-00 Vehicle Overspeed
• Engine speed is greater than the programmed
Warning (41) “VSL Protection” minus 100 RPM for at least 0.06
seconds.
SMCS Code: 7463-038
• Desired engine speed is greater than the
Conditions Which Generate This Code: programmed “VSL Protection”.
The ECM detects one of the following conditions: • The change in engine speed is less than 133
RPM per second for at least 0.06 seconds.
• The “Soft Vehicle Speed Limit” parameter is
programmed to “No” and the vehicle speed • The “VSL Protection” parameter is programmed
exceeds the programmed “Vehicle Speed Limit” to a value that is less than 2120 rpm.
by more than 10 MPH for more than 20 seconds.
125
Troubleshooting Section
The following condition must also be met if • The “VSL Protection” parameter is programmed
the “Vehicle Speed Input” is programmed to to a value that is less than 2120 rpm.
“J1939-ABS” or “J1939-Trans”.
System Response:
• The message for vehicle speed is not received
over the J1939 data link for more than 0.5 “DIAG” will be displayed next to the status for
seconds. “Vehicle Speed” on the electronic service tool.
The ECM will limit engine rpm to the programmed Engine rpm is limited to the programmed “VSL
“VSL Protection”. If the ECM is providing the Protection” for one hour.
speedometer signal, the speedometer will show 0
rpm. “DIAG” will be displayed next to the status for Troubleshooting:
“Vehicle Speed” on the electronic service tool.
This code may indicate tampering with the vehicle
Possible Performance Effect: speed circuit.
The ECM will limit engine rpm to the programmed Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Vehicle
“VSL Protection”. Speed and Speedometer Circuit - Test”
Check the fuel pressure in order to ensure that Conditions Which Generate This Code:
a fuel system restriction is not the cause of the
problem when the vehicle is not moving. The ECM detects the following conditions:
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Vehicle • The vehicle speed signal indicates that vehicle
Speed and Speedometer Circuit - Test” speed is greater than 127.5 MPH for more than
two seconds.
Results:
• The “VSL Protection” parameter is programmed
• OK – STOP. to a value that is less than 2120 rpm.
System Response:
i01863534
The ECM detects the following conditions: The ECM will limit the engine speed to the
programmed “VSL Protection”.
• The vehicle speed signal indicates a constant
MPH. Troubleshooting:
• Engine speed is greater than 950 rpm for at least Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Vehicle
0.06 seconds. Speed and Speedometer Circuit - Test”
126
Troubleshooting Section
• The engine speed is greater than the programmed This diagnostic code does not represent an
“VSL Protection” minus 100 rpm. electronic system fault.
• The “VSL Protection” parameter is programmed An excessive number of occurrences may be
to a value that is less than 2120 rpm. caused by the following circumstance:
Note: If the ABS is the source of the vehicle speed, • The parameter for the “Quick Stop Rate” may be
the ABS must not be active. set too low.
Conditions Which Generate This Code: • The ECM has been powered for at least three
seconds.
The ECM detects the following conditions:
127
Troubleshooting Section
The ECM sets the “Throttle Position” to 0%. “DIAG” 0100-01 Low Oil Pressure
will be displayed next to the status for “Throttle Warning (46)
Position” on the electronic service tool.
SMCS Code: 1924-038
Possible Performance Effect:
Conditions Which Generate This Code:
The engine will remain at low idle while the
diagnostic code is active. The ECM detects the following conditions:
Results:
• OK – STOP.
i01864488
System Response:
Troubleshooting:
Results:
g00997505
Illustration 24
• OK – STOP. C15 low oil pressure
128
Troubleshooting Section
Results: Results:
• OK – The engine oil level is OK. Proceed to Test • OK – There are no diagnostic codes. Proceed
Step 2. to Test Step 4.
• Not OK – The engine oil level is low. • Not OK – There is a diagnostic code that
is related to the barometric pressure sensor
Repair: Add engine oil to the proper level. Refer (atmospheric pressure) and/or the boost pressure
to the Operation and Maintenance Manual for sensor.
more information.
Repair: Troubleshoot the diagnostic code before
STOP. continuing with this procedure.
• Not OK – The sensor is not installed properly. • Not OK - Boost Pressure – The boost pressure
is greater than 10 kPa (2 psi). Proceed to Test
Step 8.
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Troubleshooting Section
• Not OK - Engine Oil Pressure – The engine oil Test Step 6. Install a Pressure Gauge
pressure is greater than 10 kPa (2 psi). Proceed
to Test Step 9. A. Remove the engine oil pressure sensor.
• Not OK - Both – The boost pressure and the B. Install a 1U-5470 Engine Pressure Group into
engine oil pressure are greater than 10 kPa the oil gallery with a Tee fitting in the port for the
(2 psi). Proceed to Test Step 5. engine oil pressure sensor.
Test Step 5. Check the Supply Voltage to C. Connect the engine oil pressure sensor to the
the Pressure Sensors Tee fitting.
A. Disconnect the barometric pressure sensor D. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
(atmospheric pressure), the boost pressure
sensor, and the engine oil pressure sensor. E. Monitor the status for “Engine Oil Pressure” on
Cat ET.
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
F. Start the engine and run the engine at low idle.
C. Measure the voltage between terminal A (Engine
Pressure Sensor +5V) and terminal B (Engine G. Compare the pressure reading on the gauge to
Pressure Sensor Common) of each pressure the pressure reading on Cat ET.
sensor connector on the engine harness.
H. Monitor the status screen and the gauge while
Expected Result: you increase the engine speed.
Results: The gauge and the status screen are within 35 kPa
(5.0 psi) of each other.
• OK – The voltage is within the range.
Results:
Repair: Reconnect the engine oil pressure sensor
and the boost pressure sensor. • OK – The sensor is functioning properly. Proceed
to Test Step 7.
Temporarily connect a new barometric pressure
sensor (atmospheric pressure). • Not OK – The sensor is not functioning properly.
If the new sensor fixes the problem, reconnect Repair: Temporarily install a new engine oil
the suspect sensor. pressure sensor.
If the problem returns, permanently replace the If the new sensor repairs the problem, reinstall
sensor. the suspect sensor.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. If the problem returns, replace the sensor.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. The engine oil pressure is above the trip points in
Illustration 23 or Illustration 24.
STOP.
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Troubleshooting Section
• Not OK – The engine oil pressure is lower than B. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
the trip line on the oil pressure map. There is a
mechanical problem. C. Measure the voltage between terminal A (Engine
Pressure Sensor +5V) and terminal B (Engine
Repair: Refer to Testing and Adjusting, “Engine Pressure Sensor Common) of the connector for
Oil Pressure - Test”. the engine oil pressure sensor on the engine
harness.
STOP.
Expected Result:
Test Step 8. Check the Supply Voltage to
the Boost Pressure Sensor The voltage is 5.0 ± 0.16 VDC.
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position. • OK – The voltage is within the range.
C. Measure the voltage between terminal A (Engine Repair: Temporarily connect a new engine oil
Pressure Sensor +5V) and terminal B (Engine pressure sensor.
Pressure Sensor Common) of the connector for
the boost pressure sensor on the engine harness. If the new sensor fixes the problem, reconnect
the suspect sensor.
Expected Result:
If the problem returns, permanently replace the
The voltage is 5.0 ± 0.16 VDC. sensor.
Repair: Temporarily connect a new boost pressure • Not OK – There is a problem with the 5 volt
sensor. supply.
If the new sensor fixes the problem, reconnect Repair: Check the sensor connector for corrosion
the suspect sensor. and moisture.
If the problem returns, permanently replace the Check the 5 volt supply wire. Verify that the wire
sensor. is not cut and that the wire is completely inserted
into the connector for the engine oil pressure
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. sensor on the engine harness.
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Troubleshooting Section
• The signal voltage from the engine oil pressure Possible Performance Effect:
sensor is greater than 4.95 VDC for more than
eight seconds. None
• OK – STOP.
i01942204
System Response:
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp
will illuminate once this diagnostic code has been
active for more than ten hours. The ECM will default
to 600 kPa (87.0 psi) for engine oil pressure.
132
Troubleshooting Section
Results:
STOP.
The Caterpillar Electronic Technician (Cat ET) will The sensor is properly installed and the wiring is
display “LOW OIL PRESSURE” and “DIAG” next correct.
to the status for “Engine Oil Pressure”. The check
engine lamp and the warning lamp will illuminate. Results:
Customer passwords are required to clear this • OK – The sensor is properly installed. Proceed
to Test Step 3.
diagnostic code.
• Not OK – The sensor is not installed properly.
Possible Performance Effect:
The ECM will use the default torque map. The Repair: Install the engine oil pressure sensor
properly. Repair the wiring and/or the connectors
engine speed is limited to 1350 RPM and the
vehicle speed is limited to 72 km/h (45 mph). to the sensor.
Note: If the “Engine Monitoring” parameter is Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
programmed to “Shutdown”, the engine will be
shutdown after this code has been active for 30 STOP.
seconds.
Test Step 3. Check for Active Diagnostic
Note: If “Engine Monitoring” is programmed to Codes
“Warning” the engine power will not be affected.
A. Connect Cat ET to the data link connector.
The engine oil level is OK. There are no diagnostic codes that are related
to the barometric pressure sensor (atmospheric
pressure) or the boost pressure sensor.
133
Troubleshooting Section
Results: Results:
• OK – There are no diagnostic codes. Proceed • OK – The voltage is within the range.
to Test Step 4.
Repair: Reconnect the engine oil pressure sensor
• Not OK – There is a diagnostic code that and the boost pressure sensor.
is related to the barometric pressure sensor
(atmospheric pressure) and/or the boost pressure Temporarily connect a new barometric pressure
sensor. sensor (atmospheric pressure).
Repair: Troubleshoot the diagnostic code before If the new sensor fixes the problem, reconnect
continuing with this procedure. the suspect sensor.
B. Monitor the status for “Boost Pressure” and • Not OK – There is a problem with the 5 volt
“Engine Oil Pressure” on Cat ET. supply.
Expected Result: Repair: Check the J2/P2 ECM connector and the
sensor connectors for corrosion and moisture.
“Boost Pressure” and “Engine Oil Pressure” should
be less than 10 kPa (2 psi). Check the 5 volt supply wire. Verify that the wire
is not cut and that the wire is completely inserted
Results: into the connectors for the pressure sensors on
the engine harness.
• OK – The boost pressure and the engine oil
pressure are less than 10 kPa (2 psi). Proceed Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
to Test Step 6.
STOP.
• Not OK - Boost Pressure – The boost pressure
is greater than 10 kPa (2 psi). Proceed to Test Test Step 6. Install a Pressure Gauge
Step 8.
A. Remove the engine oil pressure sensor.
• Not OK - Engine Oil Pressure – The engine oil
pressure is greater than 10 kPa (2 psi). Proceed B. Install a 1U-5470 Engine Pressure Group into
to Test Step 9. the oil gallery with a Tee fitting in the port for the
engine oil pressure sensor.
• Not OK - Both – The boost pressure and the
engine oil pressure are greater than 10 kPa C. Connect the engine oil pressure sensor to the
(2 psi). Proceed to Test Step 5. Tee fitting.
Test Step 5. Check the Supply Voltage to D. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
the Pressure Sensors
E. Monitor the status for “Engine Oil Pressure” on
A. Disconnect the barometric pressure sensor Cat ET.
(atmospheric pressure), the boost pressure
sensor, and the engine oil pressure sensor. F. Start the engine and run the engine at low idle.
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position. G. Compare the pressure reading on the gauge to
the pressure reading on Cat ET.
C. Measure the voltage between terminal A (Engine
Pressure Sensor +5V) and terminal B (Engine H. Monitor the status screen and the gauge while
Pressure Sensor Common) of each pressure you increase the engine speed.
sensor connector on the engine harness.
Expected Result:
Expected Result:
The gauge and the status screen are within 35 kPa
The voltage is 5.0 ± 0.16 VDC. (5.0 psi) of each other.
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Troubleshooting Section
Results: Results:
• OK – The sensor is functioning properly. Proceed • OK – The voltage is within the range.
to Test Step 7.
Repair: Temporarily connect a new boost pressure
• Not OK – The sensor is not functioning properly. sensor.
Repair: Temporarily install a new engine oil If the new sensor fixes the problem, reconnect
pressure sensor. the suspect sensor.
If the new sensor repairs the problem, reinstall If the problem returns, permanently replace the
the suspect sensor. sensor.
If the problem returns, replace the sensor. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
The engine oil pressure is above the trip points in Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Illustration 25 or Illustration 26.
STOP.
Results:
Test Step 9. Check the Supply Voltage to
• OK – The engine oil pressure appears to be OK the Engine Oil Pressure Sensor
at this time. STOP.
A. Disconnect the engine oil pressure sensor.
• Not OK – The engine oil pressure is lower than
the trip line on the oil pressure map. There is a B. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
mechanical problem.
C. Measure the voltage between terminal A (Engine
Repair: Refer to Testing and Adjusting, “Engine Pressure Sensor +5V) and terminal B (Engine
Oil Pressure - Test”. Pressure Sensor Common) of the connector for
the engine oil pressure sensor on the engine
STOP. harness.
The voltage is 5.0 ± 0.16 VDC. If the problem returns, permanently replace the
sensor.
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Troubleshooting Section
Repair: Check the sensor connector for corrosion Conditions Which Generate This Code:
and moisture.
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the
Check the 5 volt supply wire. Verify that the wire following conditions:
is not cut and that the wire is completely inserted
into the connector for the engine oil pressure • The signal voltage from the boost pressure sensor
sensor on the engine harness. is less than 0.2 VDC for more than one second.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. • The ECM has been powered for at least two
seconds.
STOP.
System Response:
i01942202
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
0102-03 Boost Pressure will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp will
illuminate while this diagnostic code is active. The
voltage high (25) ECM will default to 0 kPa (0 psi) for boost pressure.
SMCS Code: 1917-038 Possible Performance Effect:
Conditions Which Generate This Code: The engine will experience low power when this
diagnostic code is active.
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the
following conditions: Troubleshooting:
• The signal voltage from the boost pressure Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Engine
sensor is greater than 4.95 VDC for more than Pressure Sensor Open or Short Circuit - Test”
two seconds.
Results:
• The ECM has been powered for at least two
seconds.
• OK – STOP.
• The engine is not running or the rack position is
less than 50% with the engine retarder off. i01862579
Results:
• OK – STOP.
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Troubleshooting Section
“DIAG” will be displayed next to the status for • OK – There are no restrictions in the air flow.
“Intake Manifold Air Temperature” on the electronic
service tool. The warning lamp will turn on if Repair: Determine the cause of the high
the “Engine Monitoring Lamps” parameter is temperatures. Heavy loads and high ambient air
programmed to “Warning Lamp”. The check engine temperatures could cause the temperature to be
lamp will turn on if the “Engine Monitoring Lamps” above the trip point.
parameter is programmed to “Option 1”.
STOP.
Customer passwords are required to clear this
diagnostic code. • Not OK – There are restrictions in the air flow.
Possible Performance Effect: Repair: Remove the restrictions in the air flow.
Troubleshooting: STOP.
Test Step 1. Check the Coolant Level 0105-03 Intake Manifold Air
Temperature voltage high (38)
A. Allow the engine to cool.
SMCS Code: 1921-038
B. Check the engine coolant level.
Conditions Which Generate This Code:
Note: The engine coolant is used to cool the intake
air after the turbochargers and before the air-to-air The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the
aftercooler. following conditions:
Expected Result: • The signal voltage from the intake manifold air
temperature sensor is greater than 4.95 VDC for
The engine coolant level is OK. more than eight seconds.
(15.0 F).
Test Step 2. Check the Aftercooler temperature. The ECM will turn on the cooling fan if
the boost pressure is above 69 kPa (10.0 psi).
A. Check the air-to-air aftercooler for debris and/or
restriction to the air flow. Possible Performance Effect:
137
Troubleshooting Section
(210.0 F).
i01929593
Temperature voltage low (38) “DIAG” will be displayed next to the status for
“Intake Manifold Air Temperature” on the electronic
SMCS Code: 1921-038 service tool. The warning lamp will turn on if
the “Engine Monitoring Lamps” parameter is
Conditions Which Generate This Code: programmed to “Warning Lamp”. The check engine
lamp will turn on if the “Engine Monitoring Lamps”
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the parameter is programmed to “Option 1”.
following conditions:
Customer passwords are required to clear this
• The signal voltage from the intake manifold air diagnostic code.
temperature sensor is less than 0.2 VDC for more
than eight seconds. Possible Performance Effect:
Possible Performance Effect: Note: The engine coolant is used to cool the intake
air after the turbochargers and before the air-to-air
None aftercooler.
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Engine The engine coolant level is OK.
Temperature Sensor Open or Short Circuit - Test”
Results:
Results:
• OK – The engine coolant level is OK. Proceed
• OK – STOP. to Test Step 2.
i01862580
• Not OK – The engine coolant level is low.
0105-11 Very High Intake Repair: Add coolant to the proper level.
Manifold Air Temperature (64) Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Conditions Which Generate This Code: Test Step 2. Check the Aftercooler
The ECM detects the following conditions: A. Check the air-to-air aftercooler for debris and/or
restriction to the air flow.
• The intake manifold air temperature is greater
than 110 C (230.0 F) for more than two seconds.
138
Troubleshooting Section
STOP.
• The ECM has been powered for at least two
seconds.
• The ECM has been powered for at least two Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Engine
seconds. Pressure Sensor Open or Short Circuit - Test”
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM • OK – STOP.
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp will
illuminate while this diagnostic code is active. The
ECM will default to 100 kPa (15 psi) for atmospheric i01923610
pressure. 0110-00 High Coolant
Possible Performance Effect: Temperature Warning (61)
The engine power will be derated by 10%. SMCS Code: 1906-038
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Engine The ECM detects the following conditions:
Pressure Sensor Open or Short Circuit - Test”
139
Troubleshooting Section
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
• The engine has been running for at least 30 will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp
seconds. will illuminate once this diagnostic code has been
active for more than ten hours. The ECM will default
System Response: to 90 C (194.0 F) for engine coolant temperature.
The ECM will activate the cooling fan after this code
“DIAG” will be displayed next to the status for has been active for more than eight seconds.
“Engine Coolant Temperature” on the Caterpillar
Electronic Technician (Cat ET). The check engine Possible Performance Effect:
lamp and the warning lamp will illuminate.
None
Note: If a high coolant temperature lamp is installed,
the high coolant temperature lamp will turn on Troubleshooting:
instead of the warning lamp.
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Engine
Customer passwords are required to clear this Temperature Sensor Open or Short Circuit - Test”
diagnostic code.
Results:
Possible Performance Effect:
System Response:
0110-03 Coolant Temperature
voltage high (27) The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp
SMCS Code: 1906-038 will illuminate once this diagnostic code has been
active for more than ten hours. The ECM will default
Conditions Which Generate This Code: to 90 C (194.0 F) for engine coolant temperature.
The ECM will activate the cooling fan after this code
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the has been active for more than eight seconds.
following conditions:
Troubleshooting:
• The signal voltage from the engine coolant
temperature sensor is greater than 4.95 VDC for None
more than eight seconds.
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Engine
• The ECM has been powered for at least two Temperature Sensor Open or Short Circuit - Test”
seconds.
Results:
• The engine has been running for more than seven
minutes. • OK – STOP.
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i01923611 i01856577
Conditions Which Generate This Code: Conditions Which Generate This Code:
The ECM detects the following conditions: The ECM detects the following conditions:
• The engine coolant temperature is greater than • The coolant level is low for more than ten seconds.
110 C (230.0 F) for more than 20 seconds.
100% derate means that the ECM will use a default None
torque map and vehicle speed will be limited to
72.4 km/h (45 mph). Troubleshooting:
Note: If the “Engine Monitoring” parameter is Test Step 1. Check the Coolant Level
programmed to “Shutdown”, the engine will be
shutdown once this code has been active for 20 A. Check the engine coolant level. Refer to the
seconds. Operation and Maintenance Manual for more
information.
Note: If the “Engine Monitoring” parameter is
programmed to “Warning”, the engine power is not Expected Result:
affected.
The engine coolant level is normal.
Troubleshooting:
Results:
Check the Cooling System
• OK – The engine coolant level is normal.
Refer to Testing and Adjusting, “Cooling System -
Check”. Repair: Ensure that the coolant level sensor is
properly installed.
Results:
STOP.
• OK – STOP.
• Not OK – The engine coolant level is low.
141
Troubleshooting Section
Repair: Add coolant to the engine. Refer to the • The ECM has been powered for at least two
Operation and Maintenance Manual for more seconds.
information.
System Response:
Proceed to Test Step 2.
The ECM will default to OK for engine coolant level.
Test Step 2. Check for Leaks in the “DIAG” will be displayed next to the status for
Cooling System “Engine Coolant Level” on the electronic service
tool.
A. Check for leaking engine coolant.
Possible Performance Effect:
B. Check for coolant in the engine oil.
None
Expected Result:
Troubleshooting:
There are no leaks. There is no coolant in the
engine oil. Perform the following diagnostic procedure:
“Coolant Level Sensor Circuit - Test”
Results:
Results:
• OK – The engine is not losing any engine coolant.
• OK – STOP.
Repair: Ensure that the engine coolant level is
normal.
i01855647
• Not OK – The engine is leaking engine coolant or • The signal voltage from the coolant level sensor is
greater than 4.5 VDC for more than ten seconds.
there is coolant in the engine oil.
System Response:
i01856833
• The coolant level sensor is sending an invalid Perform the following diagnostic procedure:
signal for more than ten seconds. “Coolant Level Sensor Circuit - Test”
142
Troubleshooting Section
The ECM detects the following conditions: Note: If a lamp for low coolant level is installed, the
lamp for low coolant level will illuminate instead of
• The signal voltage from the coolant level sensor the warning lamp.
is less than 0.5 VDC for more than ten seconds.
Factory passwords are required to clear this
• The “Coolant Level Sensor” parameter is diagnostic code.
programmed to “2-wire float sensor”.
Possible Performance Effect:
• The ECM has been powered for at least two
seconds. The engine power is derated by 35% at a rate of
1% per second. The vehicle speed is limited to a
System Response: maximum of 72 km/h (45 mph).
The ECM will default to “OK” for coolant level. Note: If “Engine Monitoring” is programmed to
“DIAG” will be displayed next to the status for Shutdown, the engine will be shutdown once this
“Engine Coolant Level” on the electronic service diagnostic code has been active for 30 seconds.
tool.
Troubleshooting:
Possible Performance Effect:
Test Step 1. Check the Coolant Level
None
A. Check the engine coolant level. Refer to the
Troubleshooting: Operation and Maintenance Manual for more
information.
Perform the following diagnostic procedure:
“Coolant Level Sensor Circuit - Test” Expected Result:
• OK – STOP. Results:
• The coolant level is very low for more than 30 Proceed to Test Step 2.
seconds.
Test Step 2. Check for Leaks in the
• The “Coolant Level Sensor” parameter is Cooling System
programmed to “4-pin” or “2-wire Float Sensor”.
A. Check for leaking engine coolant.
• The engine has been running for at least 30
seconds. B. Check for coolant in the engine oil.
143
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result: Note: If a lamp for low coolant level is installed, the
lamp for low coolant level will turn on instead of the
There are no leaks. There is no coolant in the warning lamp.
engine oil.
Possible Performance Effect:
Results:
None
• OK – The engine is not losing any engine coolant. Troubleshooting:
Repair: Ensure that the engine coolant level is
normal. Test Step 1. Check the Coolant Level
Run the engine until the engine reaches normal A. Check the engine coolant level. Refer to the
operating temperatures. Operation and Maintenance Manual for more
information.
Stop the engine and allow the engine to cool.
Expected Result:
Recheck the engine coolant level. If the coolant
level is low, add more engine coolant. The engine coolant level is normal.
STOP. Results:
• Not OK – The engine is leaking engine coolant or • OK – The engine coolant level is normal.
there is coolant in the engine oil.
Repair: Ensure that the coolant level sensor is
Repair: Repair the leaks. properly installed.
• The “Coolant Level Sensor” is programmed to “4 There are no leaks. There is no coolant in the
Pin” or “2-wire Float Sensor”. engine oil.
System Response: Run the engine until the engine reaches normal
operating temperatures.
The ECM will display “Low” and “DIAG” next to the
status for “Engine Coolant Level” on the electronic Stop the engine and allow the engine to cool.
service tool. The check engine lamp and the
warning lamp will turn on while this code is active.
144
Troubleshooting Section
145
Troubleshooting Section
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM 0166-14 Rated Engine Power
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp will Special Instructions
illuminate while this diagnostic code is active.
SMCS Code: 1901-038
Possible Performance Effect:
Conditions Which Generate This Code:
The engine retarder may not activate.
The ECM detects the following conditions:
Troubleshooting:
• The engine coolant temperature is at least 103 C
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: (217.4 F) for more than eight seconds.
System Response:
i01945535
0122-06 Med/High Retarder The ECM will limit power.
current high (14) Customer passwords are required to clear this
diagnostic code.
SMCS Code: 1129-038
Possible Performance Effect:
Conditions Which Generate This Code:
The engine will be derated by 3 percent when the
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the engine coolant temperature is 103 C (217.4 F).
146
Troubleshooting Section
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. The ECM detects the following conditions:
• The battery voltage to the ECM is less than 9.0 • Three voltage readings in the past seven seconds
VDC for 12 volt systems or 18.0 VDC for 24 volt were below 6 VDC.
systems.
System Response:
• The engine is running.
The ECM may stop injecting fuel. This may be
System Response: dependent on the length of time of the occurrence
of the fault.
The ECM will use a default torque map. The check
engine lamp will illuminate. The Check Engine Lamp and the Warning Lamp
may come on as if the ignition key switch was just
Possible Performance Effect: turned on and the engine started.
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Troubleshooting Section
The engine may experience changes in the engine 0171-04 Ambient Air
rpm, and intermittent engine shutdowns or complete Temperature voltage low
engine shutdowns while the conditions that cause
this diagnostic code are present. SMCS Code: 1928-038
• OK – STOP.
air temperature. “DIAG” will be displayed next to
the status for “Outside Temperature Sensor” on the
electronic service tool. i01901704
148
Troubleshooting Section
(15.0 F).
• OK – STOP.
• The ECM has been powered for at least two
i01864495
seconds.
SMCS Code: 1922-038 “DIAG” will be displayed next to the status for “Fuel
Temperature” on the electronic service tool.
Conditions Which Generate This Code:
Possible Performance Effect:
The ECM detects the following conditions:
None
• The fuel temperature is above 90 C (194 F) for
149
Troubleshooting Section
i01941488
• The engine has been running for more than three
seconds.
0190-00 Engine Overspeed
Warning (35) • The battery voltage is greater than 9 VDC for more
than two seconds prior to the loss of the signal.
SMCS Code: 1912-038
System Response:
Conditions Which Generate This Code:
The ECM will use the default timing. The ECM will
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the use the secondary engine speed/timing sensor.
following conditions:
Possible Performance Effect:
• The engine speed exceeded 2600 rpm for more
than 0.6 seconds. None
• A valid engine speed/timing signal is detected. Note: If the signals from both engine speed/timing
sensors are lost, then the engine will shut down.
• The ECM has been powered for at least three
seconds. Troubleshooting:
None
0191-07 Transmission Not
Responding (68)
Troubleshooting:
SMCS Code: 3174-038
There are no problems that require troubleshooting.
Conditions Which Generate This Code:
This diagnostic code indicates an excessive engine
speed. This diagnostic code does not indicate a The ECM detects the following conditions:
problem with the ECM or the Engine Speed/Timing
Sensor. • Three attempts to complete an Eaton Top 2 shift
were unsuccessful.
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Troubleshooting Section
• The “Transmission Style” is programmed to “Eaton Engine Response The engine will not start until
Top 2”. the correct password is entered. The engine will
be limited to the Low Idle rpm if the “Secure Idle”
System Response: mode is active.
Troubleshooting: • OK – STOP.
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Eaton
i01901708
Top 2 Transmission Circuit - Test”
Results:
0224-14 Theft Deterrent Active
• OK – STOP. with Engine Cranking (00)
SMCS Code: 1901-038
i01641096 Conditions Which Generate This Code:
0224-11 Theft Deterrent Active The ECM detects the following conditions:
(00)
• The engine is cranking.
SMCS Code: 1901-038
• The theft deterrent is active.
Conditions Which Generate This Code:
System Response:
The theft deterrent feature has been enabled. The
correct password must be entered in order to The diagnostic code is active only. The diagnostic
disable the theft deterrent. Then, the engine can code will be active when the theft deterrent is
be started. enabled and the engine is cranking for more than
5 seconds.
Note: This diagnostic code represents an event. This
diagnostic code does not represent an electronic Possible Performance Effect:
system fault.
The engine will not start until the correct password
The ECM will operate in the “Secure Idle” mode if is entered.
the theft deterrent password is entered. The engine
must be running in order to operate in the “Secure Troubleshooting:
Idle” mode. The ECM will be in the “Secure Idle”
mode until the theft deterrent password is entered Enter the correct passwords.
again.
There are no problems that require troubleshooting.
System Response:
Results:
Electronic System Response The diagnostic code
is active only. The diagnostic code will be active • OK – STOP.
when the theft deterrent feature is enabled.
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Troubleshooting Section
i01852913 i01617802
Conditions Which Generate This Code: Conditions Which Generate This Code:
The ECM detects the following condition: This condition indicates that the J1939 data link has
a short circuit or an open circuit. All of the following
• The parameter “Powertrain Data Link” must be conditions must be met:
programmed to J1939.
• The parameter “Powertrain Data Link” must be
The ECM also detects one of the following programmed J1939.
conditions:
• The ECM is unsuccessful in receiving a response
• The ECM is unsuccessful in receiving a specific to a message that has been transmitted for 10
message from a device. seconds.
System Response:
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Troubleshooting Section
• Engine Oil Pressure 600 kPa (87.0 psi) Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “5 Volt
Engine Pressure Sensor Supply Circuit - Test”
The ECM will use a default torque map. “DIAG”
will be displayed next to the status for all of the Results:
pressure sensors on the electronic service tool.
Conditions Which Generate This Code: Note: The “Transmission Style” parameter must be
programmed to Automatic Option 2 or Automatic
The ECM detects the following conditions: Option 3.
• The 5 volt supply is less than 4.84 VDC for more System Response:
than one second.
This diagnostic code will prevent cruise control,
• The ECM has been powered for at least three PTO operation, or idle operation.
seconds.
Possible Performance Effect:
System Response:
The engine will disengage or the engine will not
The ECM sets all of the pressure sensors to the allow the setting of the Cruise Control, the PTO, or
default values below: the Idle speed.
• Boost pressure 0 kPa (0 psi) Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Service
Brake Pedal Position (Switch 1) Circuit -Test”
• Engine Oil Pressure 600 kPa (87 psi)
Results:
The ECM will use a default torque map. “DIAG”
will be displayed next to the status for all of the • OK – STOP.
pressure sensors on the electronic service tool.
153
Troubleshooting Section
The ECM detects the following conditions: Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “ECM
Memory - Test”
• The status of the service brake pedal position
switch 2 and the service brake pedal position Results:
switch 1 do not match for more than 15 seconds.
• OK – STOP.
• The engine is running.
i01643894
• The ECM has been powered for at least three
seconds. 0253-02 Check Customer or
Note: The “Transmission Style” parameter must be System Parameters (56)
programmed to Automatic Option 2 or Automatic
Option 3. SMCS Code: 1901-038
This diagnostic code will prevent cruise control, This condition indicates a Customer Specified
PTO operation, or idle operation. Parameter or a System Configuration Parameter that
requires programming has not been programmed.
Possible Performance Effect: Once this parameter has been programmed, the
code may still be active. This can happen if there is
The engine will disengage or the engine will not yet another parameter that requires programming.
allow setting of the cruise control, the PTO, or the
idle speed. System Response:
154
Troubleshooting Section
SMCS Code: 1901-038 The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp
Conditions Which Generate This Code: will illuminate once this diagnostic code has been
active for more than ten hours.
This condition indicates that the “Transmission
Style” parameter is programmed to the Eaton Top Possible Performance Effect:
2 and any one of the following parameters are not
programmed: None
0283-05 Intake Valve Actuation • The intake valve actuation pressure solenoid is
System Oil Pressure Solenoid on.
SMCS Code: 5479-038-IL The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the
ECM will trigger a snapshot. The check engine
Conditions Which Generate This Code: lamp will illuminate once this diagnostic code has
been active for more than ten hours. The ECM will
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the continue to attempt to energize the intake valve
following conditions: actuation pressure solenoid.
155
Troubleshooting Section
156
Troubleshooting Section
The ECM will log the diagnostic code. The ECM will • OK – STOP.
continue to attempt to energize the engine coolant
diverter.
i01941813
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Engine Conditions Which Generate This Code:
Coolant Diverter Circuit - Test”
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the
Results: following conditions:
0285-05 Intake Valve Actuator • The battery voltage is above 9 VDC for the last
two seconds.
#1 current low (92)
System Response:
SMCS Code: 5479-038-IL
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
Conditions Which Generate This Code: will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp
will illuminate while this diagnostic code is active.
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the The Caterpillar Electronic Technician (Cat ET) will
following conditions: indicate “SHORT” during the “Intake Valve Actuator
Solenoid Test”. The ECM will continue to attempt
• The ECM detects a low current condition (open to energize the intake valve actuator. The ECM will
circuit) during five consecutive attempts to use a default torque map while this diagnostic code
energize the intake valve actuator for cylinder 1. is active.
• The battery voltage is above 9 VDC for the last Possible Performance Effect:
two seconds.
The engine will have low power. Engine power will
System Response: be restored if five consecutive attempts to energize
the intake valve actuator are successful.
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp Troubleshooting:
will illuminate while this diagnostic code is active.
The Caterpillar Electronic Technician (Cat ET) will Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Intake
indicate “OPEN” during the “Intake Valve Actuator Valve Actuator Circuit - Test”
Solenoid Test”. The ECM will continue to attempt to
energize the intake valve actuator. The ECM will Results:
use a default torque map while this diagnostic code
is active. • OK – STOP.
Possible Performance Effect:
Troubleshooting:
157
Troubleshooting Section
SMCS Code: 5479-038-IL The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp
Conditions Which Generate This Code: will illuminate while this diagnostic code is active.
The Caterpillar Electronic Technician (Cat ET) will
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the indicate “OPEN” during the “Intake Valve Actuator
following conditions: Solenoid Test”. The ECM will continue to attempt
to energize the intake valve actuator. The ECM will
• The intake valve actuator for cylinder 1 is not use a default torque map while this diagnostic code
working properly. is active.
System Response: The engine will have low power. Engine power will
be restored if five consecutive attempts to energize
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM the intake valve actuator are successful.
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp
will illuminate once this diagnostic code has been Troubleshooting:
active for more than ten seconds. The ECM will use
a default torque map. Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Intake
Valve Actuator Circuit - Test”
Possible Performance Effect:
Results:
The engine will be derated while this diagnostic
code is active. • OK – STOP.
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Intake The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the
Valve Actuator Response - Test” following conditions:
158
Troubleshooting Section
The engine will have low power. Engine power will • OK – STOP.
be restored if five consecutive attempts to energize
the intake valve actuator are successful.
i01941822
0286-07 Intake Valve Actuator • The ECM detects a low current condition (open
circuit) during five consecutive attempts to
#2 not responding (92) energize the intake valve actuator for cylinder 3.
SMCS Code: 5479-038-IL • The battery voltage is above 9 VDC for the last
two seconds.
Conditions Which Generate This Code:
System Response:
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the
following conditions: The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp
• The intake valve actuator for cylinder 2 is not will illuminate while this diagnostic code is active.
working properly. The Caterpillar Electronic Technician (Cat ET) will
indicate “OPEN” during the “Intake Valve Actuator
• The intake valve actuator is active. Solenoid Test”. The ECM will continue to attempt
to energize the intake valve actuator. The ECM will
System Response: use a default torque map while this diagnostic code
is active.
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp Possible Performance Effect:
will illuminate once this diagnostic code has been
active for more than ten seconds. The ECM will use The engine will have low power. Engine power will
a default torque map. be restored if five consecutive attempts to energize
the intake valve actuator are successful.
Possible Performance Effect:
Troubleshooting:
The engine will be derated while this diagnostic
code is active. Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Intake
Valve Actuator Circuit - Test”
Note: Full power will be restored if the diagnostic
code becomes inactive. Results:
Troubleshooting:
159
Troubleshooting Section
• The battery voltage is above 9 VDC for the last Note: The engine will be permanently derated if
two seconds. this code is logged several times. The Caterpillar
Electronic Technician (Cat ET) is required to clear
System Response: the diagnostic code in order to restore full power.
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM Troubleshooting:
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp
will illuminate while this diagnostic code is active. Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Intake
The Caterpillar Electronic Technician (Cat ET) will Valve Actuator Response - Test”
indicate “SHORT” during the “Intake Valve Actuator
Solenoid Test”. The ECM will continue to attempt Results:
to energize the intake valve actuator. The ECM will
use a default torque map while this diagnostic code • OK – STOP.
is active.
i01941818
Possible Performance Effect:
0288-05 Intake Valve Actuator
The engine will have low power. Engine power will
be restored if five consecutive attempts to energize #4 current low (93)
the intake valve actuator are successful.
SMCS Code: 5479-038-IL
Troubleshooting:
Conditions Which Generate This Code:
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Intake
Valve Actuator Circuit - Test” The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the
following conditions:
Results:
• The ECM detects a low current condition (open
circuit) during five consecutive attempts to
• OK – STOP. energize the intake valve actuator for cylinder 4.
SMCS Code: 5479-038-IL The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp
Conditions Which Generate This Code: will illuminate while this diagnostic code is active.
The Caterpillar Electronic Technician (Cat ET) will
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the indicate “OPEN” during the “Intake Valve Actuator
following conditions: Solenoid Test”. The ECM will continue to attempt
to energize the intake valve actuator. The ECM will
• The intake valve actuator for cylinder 3 is not use a default torque map while this diagnostic code
working properly. is active.
160
Troubleshooting Section
The engine will have low power. Engine power will 0288-07 Intake Valve Actuator
be restored if five consecutive attempts to energize #4 not responding (93)
the intake valve actuator are successful.
SMCS Code: 5479-038-IL
Troubleshooting:
Conditions Which Generate This Code:
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Intake
Valve Actuator Circuit - Test” The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the
following conditions:
Results:
• The intake valve actuator for cylinder 4 is not
• OK – STOP. working properly.
• OK – STOP.
161
Troubleshooting Section
Troubleshooting: • OK – STOP.
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Intake
i01941485
Valve Actuator Circuit - Test”
Results:
0289-07 Intake Valve Actuator
#5 not responding (94)
• OK – STOP.
SMCS Code: 5479-038-IL
SMCS Code: 5489-038-IL • The intake valve actuator for cylinder 5 is not
working properly.
Conditions Which Generate This Code:
• The intake valve actuator is active.
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the
following conditions: System Response:
• The ECM detects a high current condition (short The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
circuit) during five consecutive attempts to will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp
energize the intake valve actuator for cylinder 5. will illuminate once this diagnostic code has been
active for more than ten seconds. The ECM will use
• The battery voltage is above 9 VDC for the last a default torque map.
two seconds.
Possible Performance Effect:
162
Troubleshooting Section
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Intake Conditions Which Generate This Code:
Valve Actuator Response - Test”
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the
Results: following conditions:
0290-05 Intake Valve Actuator • The battery voltage is above 9 VDC for the last
two seconds.
#6 current low (94)
System Response:
SMCS Code: 5479-038-IL
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
Conditions Which Generate This Code: will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp
will illuminate while this diagnostic code is active.
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the The Caterpillar Electronic Technician (Cat ET) will
following conditions: indicate “SHORT” during the “Intake Valve Actuator
Solenoid Test”. The ECM will continue to attempt
• The ECM detects a low current condition (open to energize the intake valve actuator. The ECM will
circuit) during five consecutive attempts to use a default torque map while this diagnostic code
energize the intake valve actuator for cylinder 6. is active.
• The battery voltage is above 9 VDC for the last Possible Performance Effect:
two seconds.
The engine will have low power. Engine power will
System Response: be restored if five consecutive attempts to energize
the intake valve actuator are successful.
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp Troubleshooting:
will illuminate while this diagnostic code is active.
The Caterpillar Electronic Technician (Cat ET) will Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Intake
indicate “OPEN” during the “Intake Valve Actuator Valve Actuator Circuit - Test”
Solenoid Test”. The ECM will continue to attempt
to energize the intake valve actuator. The ECM will Results:
use a default torque map while this diagnostic code
is active.
• OK – STOP.
Possible Performance Effect:
i01941486
The engine will have low power. Engine power will
be restored if five consecutive attempts to energize 0290-07 Intake Valve Actuator
the intake valve actuator are successful. #6 not responding (94)
Troubleshooting: SMCS Code: 5479-038-IL
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Intake Conditions Which Generate This Code:
Valve Actuator Circuit - Test”
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the
Results: following conditions:
163
Troubleshooting Section
• The intake valve actuator is active. Note: Full power will be restored if the diagnostic
code becomes inactive.
System Response:
Note: The engine will be permanently derated if
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM this code is logged several times. The Caterpillar
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp Electronic Technician (Cat ET) is required to clear
will illuminate once this diagnostic code has been the diagnostic codes in order to restore full power.
active for more than ten seconds. The ECM will use
a default torque map. Troubleshooting:
0385-01 Low
Actuation Intake
System Valve
Oil Pressure • The ECM has been powered for at least two
seconds.
SMCS Code: 5574-038-IL
System Response:
Conditions Which Generate This Code:
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detects the
will illuminate once this diagnostic code has been
following conditions:
active for more than four hours. The ECM will not
use a default value.
• The intake valve actuation pressure is lower than
the expected intake valve actuation pressure.
Possible Performance Effect:
• There is at least one “Intake Valve Actuator not
responding” diagnostic code that is active. None
Troubleshooting:
System Response:
Perform the following diagnostic procedure: “Engine
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
Pressure Sensor Open or Short Circuit - Test”
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp will
illuminate while this diagnostic code is active. The
ECM will use a default torque map.
Results:
164
Troubleshooting Section
i01941381
System Response:
The ECM will log the diagnostic code and the ECM
will trigger a snapshot. The check engine lamp
will illuminate once this diagnostic code has been
active for more than four hours. The ECM will not
use a default value.
None
Troubleshooting:
Results:
• OK – STOP.
165
Troubleshooting Section
Diagnostic Functional
Tests
i01922294
166
Troubleshooting Section
Illustration 27 g00970385
Schematic
g00970387
Illustration 28
P2 ECM connector
167
Troubleshooting Section
STOP.
Results:
Test Step 3. Check the Signal Wire
A. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
• OK – The 5 volt diagnostic codes are not active.
Note: The suspect sensor should be disconnected.
Repair: Reconnect the P2 ECM connector.
B. Measure the voltage between terminal C (Signal)
Proceed to Test Step 2.
and terminal B (Pressure Sensor Common) of the
connector for the suspect sensor on the engine
• Not OK – The 5 volt diagnostic codes are still harness.
active.
168
Troubleshooting Section
The voltage should be less than 7.0 VDC. The voltage should be 5.0 ± 0.16 VDC.
Results: Results:
• OK – The voltage is within the range. • OK – The 5 volt supply is within the range.
Proceed to Test Step 6.
Repair: Temporarily connect a new sensor.
• Not OK – The voltage is greater than 5.16 volts.
If the problem is resolved with the new sensor,
reconnect the suspect sensor. Repair: Check the 5 volt supply wire for a short to
a higher voltage source.
If the problem returns, replace the suspect sensor.
Repair the 5 volt supply wire or replace the 5 volt
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. supply wire.
Repair: Inspect the signal wire for a short circuit Test Step 6. Check the Common Wire
to a voltage source.
A. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
Repair the signal wire or replace the signal wire.
B. Measure the voltage between terminal A
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. (Pressure Sensor +5V) and terminal B (Pressure
Sensor Common) on all of the pressure sensors.
STOP.
C. While the voltage is monitored, perform a 45 N
Test Step 4. Determine the Condition that (10 lb) pull test on the common wires for the 5
is Present volt supply.
A. Turn the key switch to the ON position. • P2:3 (Pressure Sensor Common)
B. Access the active diagnostic code screen on • P2:42 (Pressure Sensor Common (Actuator))
Cat ET.
Expected Result:
Expected Result:
The voltage should be 5.0 ± 0.16 VDC.
232-03 or 232-04 is active.
Results:
Results:
• OK – The voltage is within the range.
• 232-03 – Proceed to Test Step 5.
Repair: If the problem is intermittent, refer to
• 232-04 – Proceed to Test Step 7. Troubleshooting, “Electrical Connectors - Inspect”.
STOP.
169
Troubleshooting Section
Test Step 7. Check the Resistance of the The accelerator pedal position sensor is used to
Harness provide a throttle position signal to the ECM. Sensor
output is a constant frequency signal with a pulse
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. width that varies with the pedal position. This output
signal is referred to as either a duty cycle or a pulse
B. Verify that all of the sensors are disconnected. width modulated signal (PWM) and this output
signal is expressed as a percentage between 3 and
C. Measure the resistance between terminal A 100 percent.
(Pressure Sensor +5V) and terminal B (Pressure
Sensor Common) of each connector for the The pedal mounted accelerator pedal position
pressure sensor on the engine harness. sensor is attached directly to the accelerator pedal
assembly and the pedal mounted accelerator pedal
Expected Result: position sensor requires no adjustment.
The resistance should be greater than 20,000 The accelerator pedal position sensor will produce
Ohms, or “OL” is displayed on the multimeter. a duty cycle of 10 to 22 percent at low idle and 75
to 90 percent when the accelerator pedal is fully
Results: depressed. The percent of duty cycle is translated
in the ECM into an accelerator pedal position of 3
• OK – The 5 volt supply and the pressure sensor to 100 percent.
common are not shorted.
The accelerator pedal position sensor is powered by
Repair: Check the 5 volt supply for a short to the ECM supply voltage (+8 VDC) from connector
ground. P1:4 to terminal “A” of the accelerator pedal position
sensor connector. The accelerator pedal position
Repair the 5 volt supply wire or replace the 5 volt sensor can be replaced separately from the pedal
supply wire. assembly. An incorrectly calibrated pedal assembly
can not be adjusted. The entire pedal assembly
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. must be replaced.
Position Sensor Circuit - Test The ECM is in PTO mode if the “PTO On/Off Switch”
is on. This can be checked with the electronic
SMCS Code: 1913-038 service tool. Refer to Troubleshooting, “PTO Switch
Circuit - Test” for testing if the PTO is being used.
System Operation Description:
170
Troubleshooting Section
g00642016
Illustration 30
Schematic for cab accelerator pedal position sensor
g00668027
Illustration 31
Terminal locations for ECM
Test Step 1. Monitor the Status for the D. While the status is monitored, depress the
“Accelerator Pedal Position” accelerator pedal and release the accelerator
pedal.
A. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
link connector. Expected Result:
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position. The status for the “Accelerator Pedal Position” is
100% when the accelerator is fully depressed. The
C. Access the status for the “Accelerator Pedal status for the “Accelerator Pedal Position” is 0%
Position”. when the accelerator is fully released.
171
Troubleshooting Section
Verify that all required parameters are B. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on each of the
programmed. Certain unprogrammed parameters wires in the ECM connector that are associated
may cause the engine to be limited to low idle. with the accelerator pedal position sensor:
Refer to Troubleshooting, “System Configuration
Parameters”. • P1:3
STOP. • P1:4
• Not OK – The accelerator pedal position sensor • P1:5
is not operating correctly. Proceed to Test Step 2.
• P1:66
Test Step 2. Monitor the Duty Cycle
C. Check the ECM connector (Allen Head Screw)
A. Turn the key switch to the ON position. for the proper torque of 6.0 N·m (55 lb in).
B. Access the following display screen in order: D. Check the harness and wiring for abrasion and
pinch points from the accelerator pedal position
• “Service” sensor to the ECM.
• “Monitor Throttle Position Sensor” All connectors, pins and sockets should be
completely coupled and/or inserted and the harness
C. While the duty cycle is being monitored, depress and wiring should be free of corrosion, abrasion
the accelerator pedal and release the accelerator or pinch points.
pedal.
Results:
Expected Result:
• OK – Proceed to Test Step 4.
The duty cycle is 10% to 22% when the accelerator
pedal is released. The duty cycle is 75% to 90% • Not OK
when the accelerator pedal is depressed.
Repair: Perform the following repair:
Results:
Repair the connectors or wiring and/or replace
• OK – The duty cycle is within the specified range. the connectors or wiring. Ensure that all of the
seals are properly in place and ensure that the
Repair: If the problem is intermittent, refer to connectors are completely coupled.
Troubleshooting, “Electrical Connectors - Inspect”.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Verify that the engine is not in PTO mode. PTO
mode may cause the accelerator pedal position STOP.
sensor to be ignored.
Test Step 4. Check for Active Diagnostic
Verify that all required parameters are Codes
programmed. Certain unprogrammed parameters
may cause the engine to be limited to low idle. A. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
Refer to Troubleshooting, “System Configuration
Parameters”. B. Check for active diagnostic codes on the
electronic service tool.
STOP.
http://slide pdf.c om/re a de r/full/c 15-trouble shooting 171/456
5/28/2018 C15 Trouble shooting - slide pdf.c om
172
Troubleshooting Section
Note: When the ECM automatically calibrates new • Not OK – The sensor is not receiving the correct
duty cycle values for the low idle throttle position voltage.
and the high idle throttle position the ECM assumes
22 percent duty cycle at low idle and 75 percent Repair: Inspect the electrical connectors and
duty cycle at high idle. As a result, you may notice wiring.
that the throttle position status reaches 100 percent
well before the accelerator pedal is fully depressed. Repair the faulty wiring.
This is normal. After some cycling of the accelerator
pedal to the high idle position, the ECM will adjust Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
the calibration automatically. The ECM will adjust
the calibration automatically provided that the high STOP.
idle stop position is within the 75 to 90 percent duty
cycle range, and the low idle is in the 10 to 22 Test Step 6. Check the Duty Cycle at the
percent duty cycle range. During normal operation, Sensor
you may also notice that more movement of the
accelerator pedal is required for the throttle position Note: Performing certain steps within this procedure
status to increase above 3 percent. You may also requires the use of a multimeter that is capable of
observe that the status reaches the 100 percent measuring a PWM duty cycle.
value prior to the limit of the high idle position. This
is done in order to ensure that the throttle reaches A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
these two critical points for engine operation.
B. Remove the signal wire for the accelerator pedal
Expected Result: position sensor (terminal “C”) from P403. This
is the harness side of the accelerator pedal
Result 1 91-08 or 91-13 is Active. position sensor connector.
C. Measure the voltage at terminal “A” (+8 V) with • OK – The accelerator pedal position sensor is
reference to terminal “B” (Accelerator/Switch working correctly.
Sensor Common).
Repair: Insert the signal wire into terminal C of
Expected Result: the P403 connector.
The measured voltage is between 7.5 VDC and 8.5 Proceed to Test Step 7.
VDC for the pedal mounted throttle position sensor
that is used in the cab. • Not OK – Leave the PWM probe connected to
the breakout T. Insert the wire (terminal C) into
Results: the vehicle harness connector. The accelerator
pedal position sensor or the accelerator pedal
• OK – Proceed to Test Step 6. assembly is faulty. Proceed to Test Step 8.
173
Troubleshooting Section
Test Step 7. Check the Duty Cycle of the Test Step 8. Remove the Accelerator
Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor at the Pedal Position Sensor from the
ECM Accelerator Pedal Assembly
Note: Performing certain steps within this procedure A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
requires the use of a multimeter that is capable of
measuring a PWM duty cycle. B. Remove the accelerator pedal position sensor
from the accelerator pedal assembly. Note
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. sensor orientation in the accelerator pedal
assembly, and the sensor pigtail routing prior to
B. Remove the wire for the accelerator pedal sensor removal. Thoroughly inspect the pigtail
position sensor P1:66. for signs of abrasion.
Note: You may be required to disconnect the P1 C. Connect the multimeter that is capable of
ECM connector in order to remove the terminal for measuring a PWM duty cycle to terminal “C” of
the signal input of the accelerator pedal position the breakout T.
sensor.
D. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
C. Connect the multimeter probes between the
removed wire and P1:5 (Accelerator/Switch E. Display the duty cycle output of the accelerator
Sensor Common). pedal position sensor while the sensor slot is
released. Use a screwdriver to advance the
D. Reconnect the P1 ECM connector to the ECM. sensor slot to the maximum position. Refer to
Illustration 32.
E. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
When the sensor is removed from the accelerator
F. While the duty cycle output of the accelerator pedal assembly, the following diagnostic code
pedal position sensor is being monitored on the may be generated:
multimeter, depress the accelerator pedal and
release the accelerator pedal. • 91-13 Throttle Sensor Calibration (28)
G. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. This is normal. The diagnostic code should
disappear when the sensor is properly
H. Reinsert the signal wire into P1:66 of the P1 ECM assembled back into the accelerator pedal
connector. assembly.
Expected Result:
Results:
174
Troubleshooting Section
g00706977
Illustration 32
Accelerator pedal assembly
175
Troubleshooting Section
B. Remove the signal wire for the accelerator pedal Expected Result:
position sensor from P1:66.
The 41-03 changes to 41-04 when the jumper wire
C. Remove terminal “C” (Accelerator Pedal Position) is installed.
from the accelerator pedal position sensor
connector. Results:
D. Route new wiring from the ECM to the accelerator • OK – There is a problem with the accelerator
pedal position sensor. pedal position sensor.
E. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Repair: Remove the breakout T.
F. Check the duty cycle of the accelerator pedal Temporarily connect a new sensor.
position sensor on the electronic service tool
while the accelerator pedal assembly is being If the new sensor eliminates the problem,
moved over the full range. reconnect the suspect sensor.
• Not OK – Double check the wiring, the J1/P1 D. Turn the key switch to the On position.
ECM connector and the sensor connector. If a
problem still exists, restart the test procedure. E. Check for active diagnostic codes on the
STOP. electronic service tool.
176
Troubleshooting Section
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. B. Remove the wires from P1:4 and P1:5.
• Not OK – There may be a problem with the ECM. D. Check for active diagnostic codes on the
electronic service tool.
Repair: Remove the breakout T.
Expected Result:
Temporarily connect a test ECM.
The 41-04 changes to 41-03 when the wires are
If the test ECM fixes the problem, reconnect the removed.
suspect ECM.
Results:
If the problem returns, permanently replace the
ECM. • OK – There is a problem with the wiring between
the ECM and the accelerator pedal position
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. sensor.
C. Turn the key switch to the On position. • Not OK – There may be a problem with the ECM.
D. Check for active diagnostic codes on the Repair: Temporarily connect a test ECM.
electronic service tool.
If the test ECM fixes the problem, reconnect the
Expected Result: suspect ECM.
The 41-04 changes to 41-03 when the jumper wire If the problem returns, permanently replace the
is installed. ECM.
177
Troubleshooting Section
Illustration 33 g00838497
Schematic
Expected Result:
Results:
STOP.
g00848591
• Not OK – The engine did not shut down. Proceed
Illustration 34 to Test Step 2.
Terminal locations for the P2 ECM connector
Test Step 2. Check the Interlock for the
Test Step 1. Perform the “Air Inlet Shutoff Air Inlet Shutoff
System Control Test”
A. Verify that J1/P1:62 (Output 12) is connected to
A. Turn the keyswitch to the OFF position. the +Battery.
178
Troubleshooting Section
• OK – J1/P1:62 (Output 12) is connected to the C. Turn the keyswitch to the ON position. Do not
+Battery. Proceed to Test Step 3. start the engine.
• Not OK – J1/P1:62 (Output 12) is not connected D. Go to the “Air Inlet Shutoff Relay Output” test
to the +Battery. on Cat ET.
Repair: Connect J1/P1:62 to the +Battery. E. Start the test and listen for a click from the relay
for the air inlet shutoff.
Repeat Test Step 1.
Expected Result:
Test Step 3. Inspect Electrical Connectors
and Wiring The relay is active.
B. Thoroughly inspect the J2/P2 ECM connector • OK – A click is heard. The relay is active.
and all other connectors in the circuit. Refer Proceed to Test Step 5.
to Troubleshooting, “Electrical Connectors -
Inspect” for details. • Not OK – There is a problem with the relay circuit.
Proceed to Test Step 7.
C. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on the wires that
are associated with the air inlet shutoff system. Test Step 5. Check the Supply Voltage to
the Air Inlet Shutoff Solenoid
D. Check the ECM connector (allen head screw) for
the proper torque of 6.0 N·m (55 lb in).
Expected Result:
Results: g00850138
Illustration 35
• OK – All the wires and connections are OK. Air Inlet Shutoff Solenoid
Proceed to Test Step 4.
A. Turn the keyswitch to the ON position.
• Not OK
B. Proceed to the “Air Inlet Shutoff Relay Output”
Repair: Perform the following repair: test on Cat ET.
Repair the connectors or wiring and/or replace C. Activate the relay for the air inlet shutoff solenoid.
the connectors or wiring. Ensure that all of the
seals are properly in place and ensure that the D. Use a voltage test lamp to check the voltage
connectors are completely coupled. across the two terminals of the air inlet shutoff
solenoid.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Note: The output for the air inlet shutoff will be
STOP. active for only one second.
179
Troubleshooting Section
C. Reconnect the wires for the air inlet shutoff A. Turn the keyswitch to the OFF/RESET position.
solenoid.
B. Unplug the relay for the air inlet shutoff solenoid.
Expected Result:
C. Measure the resistance between J520:1
Resistance should be 15 to 20 Ohms. (Solenoid Common) and J520:2 (Air Inlet Shutoff
Output).
Results:
Expected Result:
• OK – The resistance of the air inlet shutoff
solenoid is OK. The resistance should be between 5 Ohms and 10
Ohms.
Repair: Check electrical connections. Refer to
Troubleshooting, “Electrical Connectors - Inspect” Results:
for more information.
• OK – The resistance of the relay is OK. Proceed
STOP. to Test Step 8.
• Not OK – The resistance of the solenoid is out of • Not OK – The relay is faulty.
specification.
Repair: Replace the relay.
Repair: Replace the air inlet shutoff solenoid.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
STOP.
STOP.
180
Troubleshooting Section
Test Step 8. Check the Signal Voltage to Test Step 9. Check the Power Supply to
the Relay the Relay
g00850154 g00850141
Illustration 37 Illustration 38
Schematic for the Relay Signal Air Inlet Shutoff Relay
A. Unplug the relay for the air inlet shutoff solenoid A. Measure the voltage between the +Battery
from the ECM. terminal of the relay and the engine ground.
C. Proceed to the “Air Inlet Shutoff Relay Output” The voltage should be 12.0 ± 4.0 VDC.
test on Cat ET.
Results:
D. Activate the system for the air inlet shutoff
solenoid. • OK – The relay is receiving power. Proceed to
Test Step 10.
Note: The output for the air inlet shutoff system will
be active for only one second. • Not OK – There is a problem in the wiring
between the relay and the +Battery terminal.
E. Check the voltage between P520:1 (Solenoid
Common) and P520:2 (Air Inlet Shutoff Output) Repair: Repair the circuit.
with a voltage test lamp.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Expected Result:
STOP.
The voltage test lamp illuminates when the test is
active. Test Step 10. Check the Output Voltage
of the Relay
Results:
g00850141
Illustration 39
Air Inlet Shutoff Relay
181
Troubleshooting Section
A. Ensure that all connectors are connected to the A. Ensure that the keyswitch is in the OFF/RESET
wiring harness. position.
B. Turn the keyswitch to the ON position. B. Disconnect the J2/P2 ECM connector.
C. Go to the “Air Inlet Shutoff Relay Output” test C. Unplug the relay for the air inlet shutoff.
on Cat ET.
D. Measure the resistance between P2:13 (Air Inlet
D. Activate the system for the air inlet shutoff Shutoff Output) and P2:9 (Solenoid Common).
solenoid.
Expected Result:
Note: The output for the air inlet shutoff system will
be active for only one second. The resistance should be greater than 20,000 Ohms.
Repair: Repair the circuit. Test Step 12. Check the Relay Signal at
the ECM
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
STOP.
STOP.
g00848592
Illustration 40
ECM connector P1 (Harness Side)
182
Troubleshooting Section
STOP.
i01895516
A. Turn the keyswitch to the OFF/RESET position. Use this procedure under the following situation:
B. Remove the wire from P2:13 (Air Inlet Shutoff Use this procedure if the electronic service tool
Output) in the P2 ECM connector. will not power up or the electronic service tool will
not communicate with the Engine Control Module
C. Turn the keyswitch to the ON position. (ECM) through the data link connector.
D. Activate the “Air Inlet Shutoff Relay Output” test The following background information is related
on Cat ET. to this procedure:
Note: The output for the air inlet shutoff system will The ATA data link (American Trucking Association)
be active for only one second. is the standard data link that is used by the ECM
to communicate with electronic service tools. The
E. Check the voltage between the open terminal SAE specification J1587 defines the format of the
at P2:13 (Air Inlet Shutoff Output) and P2:9 messages and data that is being communicated.
(Solenoid Common) with a voltage test lamp. The SAE specification J1708 defines the hardware
requirements and the protocol of the serial
F. Turn the keyswitch to the OFF/RESET position. communications. Some electronic dashboards use
this data link to receive information. Some automatic
G. Reinstall the wire to P2:13 (Air Inlet Shutoff transmissions also receive information from this
Output). data link.
Expected Result: The ECM provides the following two ATA data link
connection terminals from the ECM vehicle harness
The voltage test lamp illuminates when the test is connector J1:
active.
• J1:9 (J1587 Data Link Negative)
Results:
• J1:8 (J1587 Data Link Positive)
• OK – The ECM is supplying the correct voltage.
There is an open circuit in the harness. The vehicle OEM provides twisted pair wiring from
the ECM to the data link connector.
Repair: Repair the circuit.
Remember that there are potentially several devices
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. that are installed in the vehicle and remember that
these devices are connected to the ATA data link
STOP. at one time. These devices include dash displays,
trip recorders and transmission controls. These
• Not OK – The ECM is not supplying the correct devices may cause problems with the data link.
voltage. These problems can disrupt communications to the
engine ECM and from the engine ECM.
Communication
183
Troubleshooting Section
g00650338
Illustration 43
Schematic for ATA Data Link with 6-pin connector
184
Troubleshooting Section
g00650339
Illustration 44
P1 ECM connector
185
Troubleshooting Section
Results:
STOP.
• Result 3 –
Repair: Perform the following diagnostic
procedure:
STOP.
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5/28/2018 C15 Trouble shooting - slide pdf.c om
186
Troubleshooting Section
g00650354
Illustration 45
Data link connectors
A. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Test Step 4. Change Electronic Service
Tool Components
B. Use a multimeter in order to measure the voltage
from the + Battery terminal of the data link A. If another vehicle or another ECM is available
connector to the − Battery terminal of the data with a Caterpillar electronic engine, connect the
link connector. electronic service tool to the other vehicle by
using the same cables.
Refer to Illustration 45.
• OK – The data link connector is currently D. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
receiving the correct voltage. Proceed to Test link connector by using the new cables.
Step 4.
E. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
• Not OK – The data link connector is not receiving
the correct voltage. F. Iftool
changing cables
to operate allowsuse
properly, the the
electronic service
following
Repair: Inspect the wiring and fuses to the procedure:
connector. Repair the wiring or batteries and/or
replace the wiring or batteries, as required. a. Replace the pieces from the old set of cables
Send the vehicle to the OEM dealer for repair, if into the new set of cables that operates.
necessary. Replace one piece at a time.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. b. Repower the electronic service tool after each
of the pieces is replaced. Use this method to
STOP. find the faulty piece.
187
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
g00650356
Illustration 46
Breakout T
A. Ensure that the electronic service tool is B. Disconnect vehicle harness connector P1 from
connected to the data link connector. ECM connector J1 and insert a 140-2266 Cable
(Seventy-Pin Breakout).
188
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
STOP.
g00947090
Illustration 47
Bypass harness
189
Troubleshooting Section
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. 5. If the problem is resolved with the test ECM,
reconnect the suspect ECM.
STOP.
6. If the problem returns with the suspect ECM,
• Not OK – Verify that the 20 Amp fuse in the replace the ECM.
bypass harness is not open. A fuse that is open
is a blown fuse. Proceed to Test Step 7. 7. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
STOP.
190
Troubleshooting Section
Use this procedure under the following situation: Additional operating requirements must be met if
the “Cruise/Idle On/Off Switch” is in the ON position.
Use this procedure in order to determine if the Cruise Control Switch in the ON position
auxiliary brake circuit is operating properly.
When the cruise control switch is in the ON position,
The following background information is related two special options allow the engine retarder to
to this procedure: operate only after the driver depresses the service
brake pedal. The customer programmable modes
Auxiliary Brake Operation (Auxiliary Retarder) of operation are listed below:
191
Troubleshooting Section
192
Troubleshooting Section
Illustration 48 g00656152
g00715816
Illustration 49
Terminal locations for ECM
Test Step 1. Inspect Electrical Connectors B. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on P1:12:
And Wiring
Refer to Illustration 49.
A. Thoroughly inspect ECM vehicle harness
connector J1/P1, and the firewall bulkhead C. Check the ECM Connector (Allen Head Screw)
connector. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Electrical for the proper torque of 6.0 N·m (55 lb in).
Connectors - Inspect” for details.
193
Troubleshooting Section
D. Check the harness and wiring for abrasion and D. Ensure that the vehicle is not experiencing a
pinch points from the sensor to the ECM. problem due to this parameter.
All connectors, pins and sockets should be The problem is due to this parameter.
completely coupled and/or inserted and the harness
and wiring should be free of corrosion, abrasion Results:
or pinch points.
• OK – Explain the proper operation of the retarder
Results: and auxiliary retarder solenoids to driver. STOP.
D. Ensure that the auxiliary brake output is D. Use the following procedure to check the clutch
connected to the programmed output. pedal position switch:
• Not OK – Program the customer parameter to the The accelerator pedal position is between 3 and
correct terminal. STOP. 100 percent, and the clutch pedal position switch
indicates that the pedal is being depressed and
Test Step 3. Check the Parameter for released.
“Engine Retarder Minimum Vehicle
Speed” Note: The clutch pedal position switch is turned on
when the clutch pedal is depressed. The clutch
A. Connect ET to the cab data link connector. pedal position switch is turned off when the clutch
pedal is released.
B. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
Results:
C. Access the customer parameters screen
in order to view the parameter for “Engine • OK – Proceed to Test Step 5.
Retarder Minimum Vehicle Speed”. Refer
to Troubleshooting, “Customer Specified • Not OK – There is a problem with the accelerator
Parameters”for additional information regarding pedal position.
“Engine Retarder Minimum Vehicle Speed”.
194
Troubleshooting Section
Repair: Perform the following diagnostic Test Step 6. Use ET to Check the ECM
procedure:
A. Connect ET to the cab data link connector.
Troubleshooting, “Accelerator Pedal (Throttle)
Position Sensor Circuit - Test” B. Turn the ignition key switch to the OFF position.
B. Access the “Auxiliary Brake Special Test” on ET. I. Stop the “Special Test”.
Access the following display screens in order:
Note: A multimeter can not be used in place of the
• “Diagnostics” voltage test lamp when the ECM outputs are being
tested.
• “Diagnostic Tests”
Expected Result:
• “Auxiliary Brake Special Tests”
The voltage test lamp turns on when the test is
C. Turn the dash switches to the “High Braking active. The voltage test lamp turns off when the test
Level” for the auxiliary brake. This is not the is not active.
retarder solenoid switches that are connected
to the ECM vehicle harness connector J1/P1:23 Results:
& 40.
• OK – The ECM is operating correctly. The
D. While you listen for the relay and solenoids to problem is in the vehicle wiring. Inspect the
click, cycle the “Auxiliary Brake Special Test” vehicle wiring and then repair the vehicle wiring.
from the ON position to the OFF position back Otherwise, send the vehicle to the OEM dealer
to the ON position. for repair. Verify that the original condition is
resolved. STOP.
Note: You may need to be near the engine in order
to hear the click of the relay and solenoids. • Not OK – Temporarily connect a test ECM. Use
the “Auxiliary Brake Output Special Test” on ET
Expected Result: to check the ECM. If the problem is resolved
with the test ECM, install the suspect ECM. If the
The relay and solenoids are operating. problem returns with the suspect ECM, replace
the ECM. Verify that the repair eliminates the
Results: problem. STOP.
195
Troubleshooting Section
• Indicate driver alert status of the idle shutdown The Flash Code is determined by the blinking of
timer. the check engine lamp. The lamp will blink for the
first digit of the flash code, and the lamp will pause
• Read diagnostic flash codes. for five seconds. Then, the lamp will blink for the
second digit.
Power Up Lamp Check
Some vehicles are equipped with a diagnostic
At powerup, the lamp will turn on for five seconds. enable switch. The diagnostic enable switch is used
The lamp will continue to flash if there is an active to flash the diagnostic codes by grounding the input
diagnostic code. of the diagnostic enable switch from P1:46 (Input 7)
to P1:5 (Sensor Common).
Operation with an Active Diagnostic Code
Note: The check engine lamp should not
While the engine is operating, the lamp will turn on continuously flash the diagnostic flash codes. If the
for a minimum of five seconds when certain fault set switch, the resume switch, or the diagnostic
conditions exist. If certain fault conditions exist, the enable switch has not been used, then the circuit is
lamp will operate in the following manner: probably shorted to ground.
• The check engine lamp will turn on for five Electrical Connection of the Check Engine Lamp
seconds.
One terminal of the check engine lamp must be
• The check engine lamp will turn off for a short connected to battery voltage through the vehicle
time. wiring. The other terminal is connected to the ECM
at the vehicle harness connector J1/P1:28 (Check
• The check engine lamp will turn on for another Engine Lamp).
five seconds.
The ECM provides a path to ground in order for the
The check engine lamp will continue to operate in lamp to turn on.
this manner while the fault condition exists.
196
Troubleshooting Section
g00676880
Illustration 50
Schematic for Lamp
g00676965
Illustration 51
Terminal locations for ECM
197
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
• OK – Proceed to Test Step 2.
• Not OK
Repair: Repair the connectors or wiring and/or
replace the connectors or wiring. Ensure that all
of the seals are properly in place and ensure that
the connectors are completely coupled.
STOP.
Expected Result:
Results:
198
Troubleshooting Section
g00676968
Illustration 52
A. Disconnect ECM vehicle harness connector • Result 2 – The lamp did not turn on. The vehicle’s
J1/P1. lamp circuit is not functioning properly. The lamp
is probably burned out or there is a problem in
Fabricate
B. Crimp a jumper
a Deutsch pinwire 100 mm
to both ends(4ofinch) long.
the wire. the wiringconnection.
+Battery from the cab to either
Repair the ECM
the lamp or the
circuit or
send the vehicle to the OEM dealer for repairs.
C. Insert the jumper into P1:28 (Check Engine STOP.
Lamp).
• Result 3
D. Connect the other side of the jumper wire to
P1:65 (-Battery). Repair: Perform the following diagnostic
procedure:
E. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
The circuit between the ECM and the lamp is
F. While the lamp is being watched, insert the shorted to chassis ground. Repair the circuit or
jumper wire and remove the jumper wire. send the vehicle to the OEM dealer for repairs.
Results:
199
Troubleshooting Section
g00642525
Illustration 53
ECM Breakout T-connector
E. Leave the voltage test lamp probe connected to Clutch Pedal Position Switch
terminal 52 (Unswitched +Battery). Circuit - Test
F. Connect the other probe of the test lamp SMCS Code: 1435-038-P9
to Terminal 28 (Check Engine Lamp) of the
breakout T. System Operation Description:
Refer to Illustration 53. Use this procedure under the following situation:
G. Watch the voltage test lamp. Turn the ignition The clutch pedal position switch is suspected of
key switch to the ON position. preventing normal operation of cruise control, idle
set speed, or PTO operation.
H. The lamp should turn on for five seconds. Then,
the lamp should turn off. The lamp will continue The following switch circuits can also prevent the
flashing if there is an active diagnostic code. If correct operation of the cruise control, idle set
there is an active diagnostic code, connect Cat speed or PTO operation:
ET in order to read the active diagnostic code.
Troubleshoot the problem. • Service Brake Pedal Position (Switch 1)
Expected Result: • Service Brake Pedal Position (Switch 2)
The check engine lamp turns on and the check • Neutral Switch
engine lamp turns off per the above description.
• Cruise Control Set/Resume Switch
• Cruise Control On/Off Switch
200
Troubleshooting Section
The switches are described in the respective circuit The “Transmission Style” parameter determines
tests in Troubleshooting. the switches that will be used. The following
switches can be used with being dependent on the
All of the following customer programmable parameter setting:
parameters can affect cruise control, idle set speed,
and PTO operation: • Clutch Pedal Position
• “Low Cruise Control Speed Set Limit” • Neutral
• “High Cruise Control Speed Set Limit” • Service Brake Pedal Position (Switch 1)
• “Idle Vehicle Speed Limit” • Service Brake Pedal Position (Switch 2)
• “Cruise/Idle/PTO Switch Configuration” Refer to Table 2 for additional information.
Switch Usage.
• “Idle/PTO rpm Ramp Rate” Setting For
Transmission Service Service
201
Troubleshooting Section
Illustration 54 g00643881
Schematic for cruise control switch, service brake pedal position switch 1 and clutch pedal position switch
Test Step 1. Check the Status for the Note: J1/P1:22 can only be used for the clutch
“Clutch Pedal Position Switch” pedal position switch. If the clutch pedal position
switch is wired to J1/P1:22, the clutch pedal position
A. Connect the electronic service tool to the data switch is wired directly to the ECM.
link connector.
B. Verify that the “Clutch Pedal Position Switch”
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position. parameter is programmed to reflect the proper
wiring.
C. Check the status of the “Clutch Pedal Position
Switch”. Expected Result:
D. Depress the clutch. The clutch pedal position switch is wired directly
to the ECM.
E. Check the status of the “Clutch Pedal Position
Switch”. Results:
202
Troubleshooting Section
g00702005
Illustration 55
B. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on each of the Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
wires in the ECM connector that are associated
with the switches. STOP.
C. Check the ECM connector (Allen Head Screw) A. Turn the key switch to the Off position.
for the proper torque of 6.0 N·m (55 lb in).
B. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long.
D. Check the harness and wiring for abrasion and Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wires.
pinch points from the sensor to the ECM.
C. Disconnect the P1 ECM connector.
Expected Result:
D. Connect a 140-2266 Cable (Seventy-Pin
All connectors, pins and sockets should be Breakout) between the J1 and P1 ECM
completely coupled and/or inserted and the harness connectors.
and wiring should be free of corrosion, abrasion
or pinch points.
203
Troubleshooting Section
E. Install the jumper into terminal 22 (Clutch Pedal C. Disconnect the wires from the clutch switch
Position Switch) of the breakout T. Connect terminals.
the other end of the jumper to terminal 5 (AP
Sensor/Switch Sensor Common) of the breakout D. Turn the key switch to the On position.
T.
E. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
F. Turn the key switch to the On position. link connector.
G. Connect the electronic service tool to the data F. Access the status screen on the electronic
link connector. service tool.
H. Access the status for the “Clutch Pedal Position G. While the status for the “Clutch Pedal Position
Switch” on the electronic service tool. Switch” is being monitored on the electronic
service tool, connect the switch wires and
I. While the status for the “Clutch Pedal Position disconnect the switch wires.
Switch” is being monitored on the electronic
service tool, remove the jumper from terminal 5 Expected Result:
(AP Sensor/Switch Sensor Common). Insert the
jumper into terminal 5 (AP Sensor/Switch Sensor When the switch wires are connected the status for
Common). the “Clutch Pedal Position Switch” is “Off”. When
the switch wires are disconnected the status for the
Expected Result: “Clutch Pedal Position Switch” is “On”.
When the jumper wire is installed, the status for the Results:
“Clutch Pedal Position Switch” is “Off”. When the
jumper wire is removed, the status for the “Clutch • OK – The wiring between the clutch pedal
Pedal Position Switch” is “On”. position switch and the ECM is OK.
• OK – The ECM is functioning properly. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
2. Remove the breakout T and reconnect the P1 B. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long.
ECM connector to the ECM. Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wires.
3. If the problem is resolved with the test ECM, C. Locate the clutch switch terminal and find the AP
reconnect the suspect ECM. Sensor/Switch Sensor Common terminal on the
engine side of the bulkhead connector.
4. If the problem returns with the suspect ECM,
replace the ECM. D. Insert the jumper wire between the two terminals
in the engine side of the bulkhead connector.
5. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
E. Turn the key switch to the On position.
STOP.
F. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
Test Step 5. Insert a Jumper at the Clutch link connector.
Switch
G. Access the status for the “Clutch Pedal Position
A. Turn the key switch to the Off position. Switch” on the electronic service tool.
204
Troubleshooting Section
H. While the status for the “Clutch Pedal Position The sensor operates as a coolant level sensor. The
Switch” is being monitored on the electronic sensor indicates the presence or the absence of
service tool, remove the jumper wire between the coolant at the sensor probe. There are two options
two terminals and insert the jumper wire between if a coolant level sensor is installed.
the two terminals.
• “4-pin”
Expected Result:
When the jumper wire is installed, the status for the • “2-wire Float Sensor”
“Clutch Pedal Position Switch” is “Off”. When the If a coolant level sensor is not installed or the
jumper wire is removed, the status for the “Clutch coolant level sensor is independent from the ECM,
Pedal Position Switch” is “On”. the parameter should be programmed to “None”.
Results: “4-pin”
• OK – The problem is in the vehicle wiring The sensor is powered from the ECM through the
between the bulkhead connector and the switch. ECM connector J1/P1:2 (+5 VDC). The signal wires
for the coolant level sensor are connected to pins
Repair: Perform the following repair: J1/P1:54 (Coolant Level Low) and to J1/P1:49
(Coolant Level Normal) on the ECM. The sensor
Inspect the vehicle wiring and repair the vehicle common is connected to the ECM connector
wiring, as required. If the problem still exists with J1/P1:5 (AP Sensor/Switch Sensor Common).
the wiring, send the vehicle to the OEM dealer.
If coolant is present at the sensor probe, “Coolant
STOP. Level Low” has an output of near 0 VDC. If coolant
is present at the sensor probe, “Coolant Level
• Not OK – The problem is in the vehicle wiring Normal” has an output near +5 VDC. If coolant is
between the bulkhead connector and the ECM. not present at the sensor probe, the “Coolant Level
Low” output would be near +5 VDC. If coolant is
Repair: Perform the following repair: not present at the sensor probe, the “Coolant Level
Normal” output would be near 0 VDC.
Inspect the vehicle wiring and repair the vehicle
wiring, as required. If the problem still exists with “2-wire Float Sensor”
the wiring, send the vehicle to the OEM dealer.
The sensor is powered with +5 VDC from the ECM
STOP. through ECM connector J1/P1:26. The sensor
is also connected to J1/P1:5 (AP Sensor/Switch
Sensor Common).
i01919789
Coolant Level Sensor Circuit - Resistance through the sensor is varied by the
coolant level. The voltage at the normal operating
Test range is between 0.75 VDC and 1.75 VDC.
SMCS Code: 5574-038-CLT Note: The “Coolant Level Sensor” is set when the
coolant level sensor is programmed to “4-Pin” or
System Operation Description: “2-wire Float Sensor”. If this parameter is set and
a sensor is not installed, the following diagnostic
The coolant level sensor is an OEM installed code will be logged:
component for the vehicle. This sensor is the
only optional sensor for “Engine Monitoring”. • 111-02 Coolant Level signal invalid
“Engine Monitoring” is a programmable feature
of the Caterpillar ECM. The sensor is selectable
through a customer programmable parameter and
the customer programmable parameter may be
protected by customer passwords. Some OEM
installed coolant level sensors are not connected
to the Engine Control Module (ECM). Do not
confuse an OEM installed “Coolant Level Sensor”
that is independent of “Engine Monitoring” with the
“Coolant Level Sensor” that is used for “Engine
Monitoring”.
205
Troubleshooting Section
STOP.
Expected Result:
206
Troubleshooting Section
g00650999
Illustration 56
Schematic for “4-pin” coolant level sensor
g00651001
Illustration 57
Terminal locations for ECM
207
Troubleshooting Section
STOP.
208
Troubleshooting Section
Repair the wiring or replace the wiring, as • Not OK – Proceed to Test Step 8.
required.
Test Step 7. Check the Circuit for the
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. Coolant Level Low
STOP. A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
• Not OK – There may be a problem with the ECM. B. Insert a jumper wire between Terminal A (Coolant
Level Low) and Terminal B (AP Sensor/Switch
Repair: Temporarily connect a test ECM. Ensure Sensor Common) at the harness connector.
that the “Engine Monitoring” and the “Coolant
Level Sensor” are programmed to match the old C. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
ECM.
D. Check for active diagnostic codes on Cat ET.
Check the test ECM by measuring the voltage
between Terminal 2 and Terminal 5 at the E. Check the status for “Coolant Level” on Cat ET.
breakout T.
Expected Result:
If the test ECM fixes the problem, reconnect the
suspect ECM. There are no active diagnostic codes while the
jumper wire is in place. The status for “Coolant
If the problem returns with the suspect ECM, Level” displays “OK”.
permanently replace the ECM.
Results:
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
• OK – The harness and the ECM are working
STOP. correctly.
Test Step 6. Check the Circuit for the Repair: Remove the jumper wire.
Coolant Level Sensor
Replace the sensor and reconnect the harness
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. to the sensor.
B. Insert a jumper wire between Terminal D (Coolant Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Level Normal) and Terminal B (AP Sensor/Switch
Sensor Common) at the harness connector. STOP.
C. Turn the key switch to the ON position. • Not OK – Proceed to Test Step 8.
D. While the jumper wire is in place, access the Test Step 8. Check the ECM for Proper
status for “Coolant Level” on Cat ET. Operation
E. Check for active diagnostic codes. A. Disconnect the J1/P1 ECM connector.
F. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. B. Install a breakout T between the J1 and P1 ECM
connectors.
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Troubleshooting Section
D. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. Clear
all diagnostic codes.
E. Monitor the status for “Coolant Level” on Cat
ET. Insert a jumper wire between Terminal 49 STOP.
(Coolant Level Normal) and Terminal 5 (AP
Sensor/Switch Sensor Common) of the breakout • Not OK
T.
Repair: Temporarily connect a test ECM. Ensure
F. Monitor the status for “Coolant Level” while the that the “Engine Monitoring” and the “Coolant
jumper is being inserted and removed. Wait Level Sensor” are programmed to match the old
for 30 seconds between the insertion of the ECM.
jumper and the removal of the jumper. The status
for “Coolant Level” will display “Low” while Repeat this Test Step with the test ECM.
the jumper wire is in place. Also, the following
diagnostic code should be active: If the test ECM fixes the problem, reconnect the
suspect ECM.
• 111-01 Low Coolant Level Warning
If the problem returns with the suspect ECM,
Note: 111-14 Low Coolant Level Warning will be permanently replace the ECM.
active during the first six hours of engine operation.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
G. Record the result.
STOP.
H. Monitor the status for “Coolant Level” on Cat
ET. Insert a jumper wire between Terminal
54 (Coolant Level Low) and Terminal 5 (AP
Sensor/Switch Sensor Common) of the breakout
T.
Expected Result:
Results:
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Troubleshooting Section
g00907746
Illustration 59
Schematic for “2-wire Float Sensor”
g00884766
Illustration 60
Terminal locations for ECM
A. Thoroughly inspect the J1/P1 ECM connector, • P1/J1:5 (AP sensor/switch sensor common)
the connector for the coolant level sensor and
the terminals for the coolant level sensor in the Refer to Illustration 60.
connectors. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Electrical
Connectors - Inspect” for details. C. Check the ECM connector (allen head screw) for
the proper torque of 6.0 N·m (55 lb in).
B. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on each of the
wires in the ECM connector that are associated D. Check the harness and wiring for abrasion and
with the following connections: pinch points from the sensor to the ECM.
211
Troubleshooting Section
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. Clear • Not OK – Proceed to Test Step 12.
all diagnostic codes.
Test Step 12. Disconnect the Terminal
STOP. for the Sensor Supply (+5 VDC) from the
ECM Connector
Test Step 10. Verify that the Diagnostic
Code is Still Active
A. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Wait at
least 15 seconds for activation of the diagnostic
codes.
Expected Result:
• 111-03 – A “voltage high” diagnostic code (open A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
circuit) is active at this time. Proceed to Test Step
15. B. Disconnect the J1/P1 ECM connector.
• 111-04 – A “voltage low” diagnostic code (short C. Install a breakout T between ECM connector J1
circuit) is active at this time. Proceed to Test Step
and ECM connector P1.
13.
D. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
Test Step 11. Disconnect the Coolant
Level Sensor and Check the Supply E. Measure the voltage at the breakout T from
Voltage (+5 VDC) terminal 26 to terminal 5.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. Refer to Illustration 61.
B. Disconnect the coolant level sensor from the
harness.
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Troubleshooting Section
• OK – The problem is located in the harness Test Step 14. Create an Open Circuit at
wiring. the ECM
Repair: Repair the wiring or replace the wiring, A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
as required.
B. Remove the wires from P1:26 and J1:5 in order
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. to create an open circuit at the ECM.
Repair: Temporarily connect a test ECM. Ensure D. Check for active diagnostic codes on Cat ET.
that the “Engine Monitoring” and the “Coolant
Level Sensor” are programmed to match the old Expected Result:
ECM. Check the test ECM by measuring the
voltage at the breakout T from terminal 26 to 111-03 Coolant Level voltage high is now active.
terminal 5 again. If the problem is resolved with
the test ECM, reconnect the suspect ECM. If the Results:
problem returns with the suspect ECM, replace
the ECM. • OK – There is a short circuit in the harness
between the ECM and the coolant level sensor.
STOP. Proceed to Test Step 17.
Test Step 13. Disconnect the Sensor in • Not OK – The “voltage low” diagnostic code
order to Create an Open Circuit (short circuit) is still present.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. Repair: Perform the following procedure:
B. Disconnect the coolant level sensor at the sensor 1. Temporarily connect a test ECM. Refer to
in order to create an open circuit. Troubleshooting, “Programming Parameters”
before replacing the ECM.
C. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Wait at
least 15 seconds for activation of the diagnostic 2. If the test ECM fixes the problem, reconnect
codes. the suspect ECM. If the problem returns,
permanently install the new ECM.
D. Check for active diagnostic codes on Cat ET.
STOP.
Expected Result:
Test Step 15. Create a Short Circuit at the
111-03 Coolant Level voltage high is now active. Sensor
Results: A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
• OK – There is a “voltage high” diagnostic B. Disconnect the coolant level sensor at the sensor.
code (open circuit) when the connector is
disconnected. C. Fabricate a jumper wire between terminal 1 and
terminal 2 of the connector for the coolant level
Repair: There is a short in the coolant level sensor. sensor in order to create a short circuit.
1. Repair the sensor or replace the sensor. D. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Wait at
least 15 seconds for activation of the diagnostic
codes.
213
Troubleshooting Section
E. Check for active diagnostic codes on Cat ET. 2. If the test ECM fixes the problem, reconnect
the suspect ECM. If the problem returns,
Expected Result: permanently install the new ECM.
Repair: Perform the following procedure: B. Remove the wires from P1:26 and P1:5. Also
remove the wires from the connector for the
1. Repair the coolant level sensor or replace the coolant level sensor.
coolant level sensor.
C. Fabricate two jumper wires to reach from the
2. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. ECM to the connector for the coolant level
sensor. Crimp Deutsch sockets to both ends of
STOP. each wire.
• Not OK – The “voltage high” diagnostic code D. Connect one wire between P1:26 and terminal 1
(open circuit) is still active. Proceed to Test Step of the coolant level sensor. Connect the other
16. wire between P1:5 and terminal 2 of the coolant
level sensor.
Test Step 16. Create a Short Circuit at the
ECM E. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Wait at
least 15 seconds for activation of the diagnostic
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. codes.
C. Fabricate a jumper wire between P1:26 and P1:5 There are no active diagnostic codes.
in order to create a short circuit.
Results:
D. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Wait at
least 15 seconds for activation of the diagnostic • OK – There was a problem in the harness.
codes.
Repair: Perform the following repair:
E. Check for active diagnostic codes on Cat ET.
1. Permanently replace the faulty wiring.
Expected Result:
2. Clear all diagnostic codes.
111-04 Coolant Level voltage low is now active.
3. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Results:
STOP.
• OK – There is a problem in the harness between
the ECM and the solenoid. Proceed to Test Step • Not OK – Bypassing the harness did not fix the
17. problem.
• Not OK – There is still a “voltage high” diagnostic Repair: If the problem is intermittent, refer to
code (open circuit). Troubleshooting, “Electrical Connectors - Inspect”.
Repair: Perform the following procedure: Restart this procedure and carefully perform each
step.
1. Temporarily connect a test ECM. Refer to
Troubleshooting, “Programming Parameters” STOP.
before replacing the ECM.
214
Troubleshooting Section
• A wire is present in the ECM connector J1/P1:11 Cooling Fan On Conditions (On/Off Fan)
(Output 5 (Cooling Fan Solenoid)). This occurs if
an “On/Off” type of fan is used. The ECM will turn on the cooling fan, if any of the
following conditions are met:
• A wire is present in the vehicle harness connector
J1/P1:11 (Output 5 (Slip Solenoid)). A wire is • Engine speed is less than 2250 rpm (2350 rpm
also present in the vehicle harness connector on 2300 rpm ratings).
J1/P1:13 (Output 4 (Brake Solenoid)). This occurs
if a Three-Speed Fan is used. • The engine is not running.
• Perform the special test for the “On/Off Cooling • The engine is cranking.
Fan” or the special tests for the “Three-Speed
Fan”. Access each menu in the order that follows: • Dyno mode is active.
“Diagnostics”, “Diagnostic Tests”, and “Special
Test”. Activating and then deactivating the circuit • The engine coolant temperature is greater than
should cause the air solenoid to click if the circuit 102 C (216 F).
is working properly.
• There is an active diagnostic code for the coolant
The following background information is related temperature sensor.
to this procedure:
• There is an active diagnostic code for the intake
Cooling Fan manifold air temperature sensor and boost
pressure is greater than 70 kPa (10 psi).
The signal for the cooling fan is provided by the
ECM in order to control the cooling fan. An input • The intake manifold air temperature is greater
from one of the following items may cause the fan than 87 C (189 F).
to turn on:
• The intake manifold air temperature is greater
• Dyno Mode than 72 C (162 F) while the boost pressure is
215
Troubleshooting Section
Note: The ECM will turn off the cooling fan for 10
seconds during an engine shutdown.
(208 F).
216
Troubleshooting Section
Illustration 62 g00675576
This schematic represents the ON/OFF fan with a direct solenoid connection to the ECM and the A/C Pressure Switch connected to
the ECM input.
g00675579
Illustration 63
This schematic represents the ON/OFF fan with a direct solenoid connection to the ECM and the A/C High Pressure Switch not connected to
the ECM input.
217
Troubleshooting Section
g00675587
Illustration 64
This schematic represents the ON/OFF fan with a direct solenoid connection to the ECM and the A/C Control Unit is connected to the ECM input.
g00675591
Illustration 65
This schematic represents the ON/OFF fan with a normally closed relay and the A/C High Pressure Switch not connected to the ECM input.
218
Troubleshooting Section
Illustration 66 g00675623
This schematic represents the ON/OFF fan with a normally open relay connection and an A/C High Pressure Switch connected to the ECM input.
g00675640
Illustration 67
This schematic represents the ON/OFF fan with a normally open relay connection and an A/C High Pressure Switch connected to the ECM input.
219
Troubleshooting Section
Illustration 68 g00675642
This schematic represents the ON/OFF fan with a normally closed relay connection and an A/C High Pressure Switch connected to the
ECM input.
• Coolant temperature
220
Troubleshooting Section
Table 143
54 C (129.2 F)
Mode
Slip Mode to Direct
102 C (215.6 F)
82 C (179.6 F)
66 C (150.8 F)
Mode
Direct Mode to Slip
96 C (204.8 F)
52 C (125.6 F)
Mode
Slip Mode to Brake
81 C (177.8 F)
0 C (32 F)
Mode
221
Troubleshooting Section
g00675646
Illustration 69
Three-Speed Fan with Direct Solenoid Connection
A/C High Pressure Switch Input Connected to Before troubleshooting the cooling fan circuit,
A/C Control Unit. determine the type of fan drive system that is used.
The fan drive can use the following controls in order
An OEM supplied air conditioning control may be to control the fan:
used. The air conditioning control determines when
the cooling fan should operate. This is based on • Normally open with a pneumatic air solenoid
the following input information: A/C high pressure
switch, low pressure switch, and evaporator • Normally closed with a pneumatic air solenoid
thermostat. The fan output for the air conditioning
control is designed to interface with the ECM. The • Normally open with an electrically controlled
fan output may be connected to the input for the solenoid
A/C high pressure switch. The input for the A/C high
pressure switch is Input 11 of the ECM Connector • Normally closed with an electrically controlled
J1/P1:41. The fan is in the ON position when the solenoid
A/C high pressure switch is in the OPEN position.
This type of control has a time delay. Typically, the The following OEM installed components may
“A/C Switch Fan On-Time” is programmed to one affect the operation of the cooling fan in some
second since the air conditioning control provides applications:
an additional time delay.
• OEM installed, normally open relay
The Cooling Fan Control can be Operated
Independently of the ECM. • The A/C high pressure switch is connected to
the ECM or the A/C high pressure switch is
Operation of the cooling fan control can be independent of the ECM.
controlled independently of the ECM. The OEM
installed air conditioning high pressure switch may • Cab mounted manual override switch
be used for independent cooling fan control. A cab
mounted override switch in the solenoid circuit can • A timer that keeps the fan in the ON position
also operate the cooling fan.
• Cooling fan air solenoid valve
Troubleshooting
222
Troubleshooting Section
g00675876
Illustration 70
Terminal locations for the ECM
A. Thoroughly inspect the J1/P1 ECM connector, Refer to Illustration 70 for terminal locations for
the A/C High Pressure Switch connector, the the ECM.
connections to the Cooling Fan Solenoid,
and the firewall bulkhead connectors. Refer Expected Result:
to Troubleshooting, “ Electrical Connectors -
Inspect” for details. All connectors, pins, and sockets are completely
coupled and/or inserted, and the harness and
B. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on each of the wiring should be free of corrosion, abrasion or pinch
wires in the ECM connector that are associated points.
with the following connections:
Results:
• Cooling Fan
• OK – Proceed to Test Step 2.
• A/C High Pressure Switch
• Not OK
C. Check the ECM connector (Allen Head Screw)
for the proper torque of 6.0 N·m (55 lb in). Repair: Repair the wiring or replace the wiring, if
necessary. Repair the connectors or replace the
D. Check the harness and the wiring for abrasion connectors, if necessary. Ensure that all of the
and pinch points from the battery to the ECM. seals are in the proper place. Ensure that all of
Then, check from the key switch to the ECM. the connectors are connected properly.
E. Ensure that the ECM is wired to the cooling fan Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
on the vehicle and/or the A/C high pressure
switch. Check for wires that are connected to STOP.
P1:11 (Output 5) and for wires that are connected
to P1:41. If a Three-Speed Fan is used, check for
a wire that is connected to P1:13 (Output 4).
223
Troubleshooting Section
Test Step 2. Check the Programming of • Not OK – The status of the A/C high pressure
the “Fan Control Type” Parameter switch is “Unavailable”. The ECM is not
programmed to use the A/C high pressure switch.
A. Connect Cat ET to the data link connector. Proceed to Test Step 5.
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Test Step 4. Check the Operation of the
A/C Pressure Switch
C. Check the “Fan Control Type” parameter. Ensure
that the parameter is programmed to either A. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
“On-Off” or to “Three-Speed Fan”, if the ECM
is used to control the fan. If the parameter B. Access the status for the “A/C High Pressure
is programmed to “None” and the ECM is Switch” on Cat ET.
connected to the fan, then the fan will always
be ON. C. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long.
Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wire.
Expected Result:
D. Disconnect the “A/C High Pressure Switch” from
The “Fan Control Type” parameter is programmed the vehicle harness at the switch and use the
to match the vehicle wiring. This is determined in jumper wire to short the two terminals in the
the previous step. harness connector together.
A. Turn the key switch to the ON position. • OK – The A/C high pressure switch harness is
OK. Proceed to Test Step 6.
B. View the following customer specified
parameters. • Not OK – Proceed to Test Step 7.
• “Fan Control Type” Test Step 5. Check Active Codes or
Logged Codes
• “A/C Switch Fan On-Time”
A. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
Ensure that the “A/C Switch Fan On-Time” is
programmed to a greater value than “0”. If the B. Access the “Logged Diagnostic Codes” and the
“A/C Switch Fan On-Time” is programmed to “Active Diagnostic Codes” on Cat ET.
“0”, then the “A/C High Pressure Switch Input”
(Input 11) is not used. C. Check for the following diagnostic codes.
Note: If the “Fan Control Type” parameter indicates • 110-00 High Coolant Temperature Warning
“None”, then the cooling fan driver is not used.
• 110-11 Very High Coolant Temperature
View the status for “A/C High Pressure Switch”
on Cat ET. • 110-03 Coolant Temperature voltage high
Expected Result: • 110-04 Coolant Temperature voltage low
The status of the A/C high pressure switch indicates Record any logged diagnostic codes. Record
“On” or “Off”. any active diagnostic codes.
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Troubleshooting Section
Result 1 None of the diagnostic codes that are Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
listed are logged or active.
STOP.
Result 2 Diagnostic code 110-00, or 110-11 is
logged or active.
Results:
STOP.
STOP.
Expected Result:
Results:
STOP.
• Not OK
225
Troubleshooting Section
g00676088
Illustration 71
Connector for the breakout T
B. Disconnect the J1/P1 ECM connector. Repair: Temporarily connect a test ECM. Ensure
that the “A/C Pressure Switch Fan On-Time”
C. Install a 140-2266 Cable (Seventy-Pin Breakout) parameter is programmed in the same manner as
between the J1 and P1 ECM connectors . the suspect ECM. Use Cat ET to check the ECM.
If the problem is resolved with the test ECM,
D. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long. install the suspect ECM. If the problem returns
Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wire. with the suspect ECM, replace the ECM.
E. Connect the jumper wire to terminal 5 (AP Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Sensor/Switch Common) and to terminal 41
(Input 11) of the breakout T. STOP.
Repair: If a problem still exists, then the problem • OK – Proceed to Test Step 9.
is in the OEM wiring. Repair the problem or send
the vehicle to the OEM dealer for repair. Verify • Not OK
that the repair eliminates the problem.
STOP.
226
Troubleshooting Section
STOP.
g00676097
Illustration 72
Connector for the breakout T
A. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Repair: If a problem still exists, then the problem
is in the OEM wiring. Repair the problem or send
B. Access the “On-Off Cooling Fan Special Test” the vehicle to the OEM dealer for repair.
for a fan that cycles “Off” and “On”. Access
the “Three-Speed Fan Slip Output” or the Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
“Three-Speed Fan Brake Output Special Test” for
a Three-Speed Fan. Access each menu in the STOP.
order that follows: Diagnostics, Diagnostic Tests,
and Special Test. • Not OK – Proceed to Test Step 10.
NOTE: If any override switches are installed, the Test Step 10. Use the “Special Test” in
switch must be in the OFF position. Order to Check the ECM to the Cooling
Fan Circuit
C. Cycle the “Special Test” to the ON position and
to the OFF position. Listen for the solenoid to A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
click. You may need to be near the engine in
order to hear the click of the solenoid. B. Disconnect the J1/P1 ECM connector.
An audible clicking is heard, and the solenoid D. Connect a breakout T between the J1 and P1
appears to be operating properly. ECM connector.
227
Troubleshooting Section
• OK – The ECM cooling fan relay is functioning • “Adaptive Cruise Control Enable”
properly.
• “Low Cruise Control Speed Set Limit”
Repair: If a problem still exists, then the problem
is in the OEM wiring. Repair the problem or send • “High Cruise Control Speed Set Limit”
the vehicle to the OEM dealer for repair.
• “Idle Vehicle Speed Limit”
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
• “Cruise/Idle/PTO Switch Configuration”
STOP.
“Idle/PTO Bump rpm”
• Not OK •
• “Idle/PTO rpm Ramp Rate”
Repair: Temporarily connect a test ECM. Use the
special test to check the ECM cooling fan circuit. • “PTO Kickout Vehicle Speed Limit”
If the problem is resolved with the test ECM,
install the suspect ECM. If the problem returns The vehicle speed calibration can also affect
with the suspect ECM, replace the ECM. the cruise control, the idle set speed, and the
PTO if the vehicle speed calibration is incorrectly
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. programmed. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Customer
Specified Parameters”.
STOP.
Cruise Control On/Off Switch
228
Troubleshooting Section
This switch must be on before cruise control or If a problem is suspected with the adaptive cruise
controlled idle can be activated. This switch is control, the feature can be disabled. Toggle the
on when the switch is closed. When the switch is cruise control switch to the OFF position and to the
closed the following terminals are connected: ON position twice within 10 seconds.
• J1/P1:59 (Cruise Control ON/OFF Switch) The following background information is related
to this procedure:
• J1/P1:5 (AP Sensor/Switch Sensor Common) The kickout switch refers to the switch that is used
Note: If the vehicle is programmed to use the to exit the cruise control, the PTO, or the idle set
dedicated PTO, the PTO On/Off switch overrides the speed.
cruise control On/Off switch. The PTO On/Off switch
will override the cruise control On/Off switch if the The operation of the Caterpillar electronic engine
vehicle speed is within the programmed range for cruise control is similar to the operation of the
the “PTO Kickout Vehicle Speed Limit” parameter. cruise controls that are installed in automobiles.
The operation of idle and PTO are similar to the
Set/Resume Switch operation of cruise except that the idle and the PTO
govern engine rpm instead of vehicle speed.
While the cruise control On/Off Switch is in the ON
position and the vehicle speed is within the range Note: Idle in this procedure is an engine idle rpm
of the programmed “Low Cruise Control Speed above the programmed low idle rpm. Idle is set with
Set Limit” and the “High Cruise Control Speed Set the cruise control On/Off switch and the Set/Resume
Limit”, momentarily pressing the set switch will switch. Refer to Troubleshooting, “PTO Switch
activate the cruise or controlled idle, and the ECM Circuit - Test” for additional information regarding
will maintain the current speed. the programmable options for the dedicated PTO.
Pressing the resume switch will cause the vehicle Usage of Transmission Style Switches
speed to ramp to the last cruise control set speed.
This assumes that the vehicle speed is above the The “Transmission Style” parameter determines
low cruise control speed set limit for cruise control the switches that will be used. The following
or the vehicle speed is below the Idle/PTO vehicle switches can be used with being dependent on the
speed limit for the idle and the PTO. parameter setting:
After a speed has been set, pressing and holding • Clutch Pedal Position
the Set/Resume switch in position will cause the
engine to establish a new set speed. The system’s • Neutral
reaction depends on the programming of the
“Cruise/Idle/PTO Switch Configuration”. • Service Brake Pedal Position (Switch 1)
When the Set/Resume switch is momentarily • Service Brake Pedal Position (Switch 2)
pressed, the cruise set point will change one
mph. The rate of change is dependent on the Refer to Table 3 for additional information.
programmed “Idle/PTO Bump RPM” when an idle
speed is set.
229
Troubleshooting Section
Table 144
Switch Usage.
Setting For
Transmission Service Service
Style Brake Brake
Clutch Neutral
Parameter Switch Switch
1 2
Manual X X
Automatic
X
Option 1
Automatic
X X
Option 2
Automatic
X X X
Option 3
Automatic
X X
Option 4
Eaton Top 2 X X
• Automatic Options 1
• Automatic Option 2
• Automatic Option 3
• Automatic Option 4
A service brake pedal position (Switch 1) is required
for all configurations. The service brake pedal
position (Switch 1) connects to the ECM through
connector P1:45. The service brake pedal position
(Switch 2) connects to the ECM through connector
P1:64. The clutch pedal position switch connects
to the ECM through connector P1:22. The neutral
switch connects to the ECM through connector
P1:62.
230
Troubleshooting Section
Illustration 73 g00643881
Schematic for cruise control switch, service brake pedal position switch 1 and clutch pedal position switch
Test Step 1. Check the Status of the B. Monitor the status for the “Cruise Control
Cruise Control On/Off Switch Set/Resume/Accel/Decel Switch J1/P1:35 & 44”
while the Set/Resume switch is cycled.
A. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
link connector. Expected Result:
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position. The status for the “Cruise Control Set/Resume/
Accel/Decel Switch J1/P1:35 & 44” is “Set Switch
C. Monitor the status for the “Cruise/Idle On-Off On” when the Set/Resume switch is in the Set
Switch” while the cruise control On/Off switch position. The status for the “Cruise Control
is cycled. Set/Resume/Accel/Decel
“Resume Switch On” when Switch J1/P1:35 & switch
the Set/Resume 44” is
Expected Result: is in the Resume position.
• OK – The cruise control On/Off switch is working Test Step 3. Determine the Configuration
properly. Proceed to Test Step 2. of the Cruise Control Switches
• Not OK – The cruise control On/Off switch is not A. Determine if the wiring for the cruise control
working properly. Proceed to Test Step 3. switches is wired directly to the ECM or through
the J1939 data link.
Test Step 2. Check the Status of the
Set/Resume Switch B. Verify that the “Cruise Control On/Off Switch”
and the “Cruise Control Set/Resume/Accel/Decel
A. Put the cruise control On/Off switch in the On Switch” parameters are programmed to reflect
position. the proper wiring.
231
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
STOP.
g00703076
Illustration 74
232
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
STOP.
233
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
STOP.
234
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
• OK
Repair: Perform the following repair:
STOP.
235
Troubleshooting Section
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. Inspect the vehicle wiring and repair the vehicle
wiring, as required. If the problem still exists with
B. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long. the wiring, send the vehicle to the OEM dealer.
Crimp a Deutsch pin on both ends of the wires.
STOP.
C. Find the terminal for the suspect switch and
the sensor common on the engine side of the
i01867516
bulkhead connector.
F. While the status for the suspect switch is being System Operation Description:
monitored on the status screen remove the
jumper wire between the two terminals, and Use this procedure under the following situation:
insert the jumper wire between the two terminals.
The circuit for the diagnostic enable switch is
Refer to Table 147. suspected of incorrect operation.
The switch status changes per the information in The diagnostic enable switch is used to
Table 147. prompt diagnostic flash codes on the check
engine lamp. For more information, refer to the
Results: “Flashing Out Diagnostic Flash Codes” section
in Troubleshooting, “Check Engine Lamp Circuit -
• OK – The problem is in the vehicle wiring Test”. If the “Diagnostic Enable Switch” parameter
between the bulkhead connector and the switch. is programmed to “None” (default), then the feature
is not used. If the “Diagnostic Enable Switch”
Repair: Perform the following repair: parameter is programmed to J1/P1:46, then the
feature is available and the switch circuit should
Inspect the vehicle wiring and repair the vehicle be connected to J1/P1:46 ECM vehicle harness
wiring, as required. If the problem still exists with connector.
the wiring, send the vehicle to the OEM dealer.
STOP.
236
Troubleshooting Section
g00682326
Illustration 75
Schematic for Diagnostic Enable Switch
g00682338
Illustration 76
Terminal locations for the ECM
237
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
STOP.
Expected Result:
238
Troubleshooting Section
g00682354
Illustration 77
Connector for breakout T
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Proceed to Test Step 5. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Repair: Temporarily connect a test ECM. If the • Not OK – There is a problem in the wire harness
problem is resolved with the test ECM, install the between the diagnostic enable switch and the
suspect ECM. If the problem returns with the ECM. Proceed to Test Step 6.
suspect ECM, replace the ECM.
239
Troubleshooting Section
Test Step 6. Insert a Jumper Wire at the • 55-05 Auxiliary Output #07 current low
Bulkhead Connector
• 55-06 Auxiliary Output #07 current high
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
• 191-07 Transmission Not Responding
B. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long.
Crimp a Deutsch pin to each end of the wire. The following background information is related
to this procedure:
C. Locate the suspect switch socket in the engine
side of the ECM bulkhead connector. Overview Of The Transmission
D. Insert the wire jumper pin between the switch The engine ECM controls shifts between the top
socket and the sensor common connection. two gears of an Eaton Top 2 transmission. The shift
Install the jumper wire on the engine side of the points are based on engine speed and load for
ECM bulkhead connector. added driving ease. When the transmission is in
the Top 2 gears, the ECM will perform the following
E. Turn the key switch to the ON position. functions:
F. While the status for “Diagnostic Enable” is • Shift the transmission between the top 2 gears
monitored, remove the jumper wire and insert the automatically.
jumper wire at the bulkhead connector.
• Increase
2 shift.
or decrease engine speed during a Top
Expected Result:
The status for “Diagnostic Enable” is “On” when the • Momentarily interrupt the cruise control or the
jumper wire is in place. The status for “Diagnostic engine brake during the shift. Then, the cruise
Enable” is “Off” when the jumper wire is removed. control or the engine brake will resume.
Circuit - Test Note: Leave the shift button in the forward position
so that the shift button is ready for downshifting into
SMCS Code: 3174-038 the Top Gear Minus Two position.
System Operation Description: When the engine has reached the upshift point the
ECM will automatically shift the transmission into
Use this procedure under the following situation: Top Gear. The ECM shifts the transmission into Top
Gear by turning on the shift solenoid and turning
The “Transmission Style” parameter is programmed off the lockout solenoid.
to Eaton Top 2 and one of the following diagnostic
codes is active or easily repeatable: Transmission Downshift By The ECM
240
Troubleshooting Section
Once the engine has reached the shift point, the The control interface between the ECM and the
ECM will automatically downshift the transmission Eaton Top 2 transmission consists of the following
from Top Gear to Top Gear Minus One. The ECM outputs:
downshifts the transmission from Top Gear to Top
Gear Minus One by turning on the lockout solenoid • Eaton Top 2 shift solenoid (No. 7 Output)
and turning off the shift solenoid.
• Eaton Top 2 lockout solenoid (No. 6 Output)
In order to downshift from Top Gear Minus One to
Top Gear Minus Two, make sure that the shift button The ECM will turn on the Eaton Top 2 shift solenoid
is in the forward position. Once the engine has (No. 7 Output) when Top 2 is active in order to
reached the shift point, move the gearshift lever to engage top gear. The ECM will turn off the Eaton
the next lower lever position by double clutching. Top 2 shift solenoid (No. 7 Output) at all other times,
if the “Transmission Style” is programmed to Eaton
Continue downshifting through the shift pattern by Top 2.
double clutching during shifts with the gearshift
lever. Break torque during button shifts. The ECM will turn on the Eaton Top 2 lockout
solenoid (No. 6 Output) when Top 2 is active in
Eaton Top 2 Override with Cruise Control Switch order to engage top gear minus one. The ECM will
turn off the Eaton Top 2 lockout solenoid (No. 6
If this parameter is programmed to YES the cruise Output) at all other times, if the “Transmission Style”
control On/Off switch can be used to disable Top 2 is programmed to Eaton Top 2.
mode. If the cruise control On/Off switch is turned
to the OFF position and the transmission is not Customer Specified Parameters
in Top 2 mode, the Top 2 mode will be disabled.
This condition is applicable to the manual mode of The following parameters must be programmed
operation only. If the cruise control On/Off switch is per the following list in order for the Eaton Top 2
turned to the ON position, the Top 2 mode will be transmission to function properly:
enabled and the transmission will be allowed to shift
automatically in the Top 2 gears. When the vehicle • “Transmission Style” Eaton Top 2
is operating in one of the Top 2 gears and the Top
2 mode is enabled, switching the cruise control • “Top Gear Ratio” Programmed range 0.000 to
On/Off switch to the OFF position will place the 3.750
transmission in hold mode. When the transmission
is in the Hold mode, the transmission will not shift • “Top Gear Minus One Ratio” Programmed range
out of the currently selected gear. When the cruise 0.000 to 3.750
control On/Off switch is returned to the ON position,
the transmission will return to Top 2 mode. When • “Top Gear Minus Two Ratio” Programmed range
the clutch is depressed and the transmission is in 0.000 to 3.750
the hold mode, the Manual mode will be enabled
and the Top 2 will be disabled. • “Eaton Top 2 Override with Cruise Switch” Yes
or No
System Problems
Note: Each gear ratio must be precisely
If the system malfunctions, the transmission will programmed to three decimal places per the
typically default to manual operation. When the following table for the model of transmission that
system is in manual operation, Top 2 is inactive. For is installed:
some malfunctions, the system will detect a failure.
When the system detects a failure, the operator must
allow time out of the timer in the ECM. The ECM will
complete the countdown in nine seconds. During
the countdown, the ECM will try to complete the
shift. Once the ECM has completed the countdown,
the operator must place the transmission in neutral
in order to obtain manual operation. The Top 2
function will be inactive until the vehicle is stopped
and the key switch is turned off.
241
Troubleshooting Section
Table 148
RTL-XX710B-T2
1.825 1.351 1.000
10 Direct
RTLO-XX713A-T2
1.000 0.856 0.730
13 Over
RTLO-XX718B-T2
1.000 0.856 0.730
18 Over
g00653688
Illustration 78
Schematic for Eaton Top 2 transmission
g00991803
Illustration 79
P1 ECM connector
242
Troubleshooting Section
D. Check and record active/logged diagnostic All connectors, pins and sockets should be
codes: completely coupled and/or inserted and the harness
and wiring should be free of corrosion, abrasion
• 54-05 Auxiliary Output #06 current low or pinch points.
One or more of the listed codes are active or Test Step 3. Check the Solenoids
logged.
A. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
Results: link connector.
• 191-07 Only – Diagnostic code 191-07 is the B. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
only active diagnostic code or the only logged
diagnostic code that is present. Proceed to Test C. Access the customer specified parameters
Step 6. screen on the electronic service tool.
• Any Code – Any single diagnostic code or any D. Verify that the “Transmission Style” is
combination of diagnostic codes is present. programmed to Eaton Top 2.
Proceed to Test Step 2.
E. Access the special tests for the “Shift Solenoid”
• No Codes – If a transmission problem is still and the “Lockout Solenoid” on the electronic
suspected, send the vehicle to the OEM dealer service tool. Access the following display
for service to the Eaton transmission. STOP. screens in order:
243
Troubleshooting Section
• 55-05 Auxiliary Output #07 current low Repair: Clear all logged diagnostic codes.
a. Move the splitter button to the rear position. • Not OK – Proceed to Test Step 4.
b. Ensure that the air system pressure is equal Test Step 4. Use the Special Test at the
to or greater than 620 kPa (90 psi). Solenoid Connector
c. While you listen for the solenoid to shift, cycle A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
the special test for the “Shift Solenoid” from
the ON position to the OFF position back to B. Disconnect the Eaton Top 2 solenoid connector.
the ON position.
C. Use the following procedure for either of the
Note: You may need to be near the transmission following active diagnostic codes or logged
in order to hear the shift. diagnostic codes:
G. Use the following procedure for either of the • 55-05 Auxiliary Output #07 current low
following active diagnostic codes or logged
diagnostic codes: • 55-06 Auxiliary Output #07 current high
• 54-05 Auxiliary Output #06 current low a. Connect a voltage test lamp between pin “B”
(Sensor Common) and pin “C” (No. 7 Output)
• 54-06 Auxiliary Output #06 current high on the ECM side of the Eaton Top 2 solenoid
connector.
a. Move the splitter button to the forward
position. D. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
link connector.
b. Ensure that the air system pressure is equal
to or greater than 620 kPa (90 psi). E. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
c. While you listen for the solenoid to shift, cycle F. Access the special test for the “Shift Solenoid” on
the special test for the “Lockout Solenoid” the electronic service tool. Access the following
from the ON position to the OFF position back display screens in order:
to the ON position.
• “Diagnostics”
Note: You may need to be near the transmission
in order to hear the shift. • “Diagnostic Tests”
Note: 191-07 Transmission Not Responding may • “Special Test”
occur when one of the following diagnostic codes
occurs during vehicle operation: • “Shift Solenoid”
• 54-05 Auxiliary Output #06 current low G. While you monitor the voltage test lamp, cycle
the special test for the “Shift Solenoid” from the
• 54-06 Auxiliary Output #06 current high ON position to the OFF position and back to the
ON position.
• 55-05 Auxiliary Output #07 current low
H. Stop the special test for the “Shift Solenoid”.
• 55-06 Auxiliary Output #07 current high
Note: When the key switch is turned on and the
Expected Result: solenoid connector is disconnected, the following
diagnostic code will occur during performance of
The solenoid is operating correctly when the test the special test for the “Lockout Solenoid”:
is activated.
• 54-05 Output #6 Open Circuit (66)
Results:
Clear this logged code when this step is
• OK – The ECM, the relay, and the solenoid are completed.
operating correctly.
I. Use the following procedure for either of the
following active diagnostic codes or logged
diagnostic codes:
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• 54-05 Auxiliary Output #06 current low Repair: Temporarily connect the suspect
solenoids. Clear all logged diagnostic codes.
• 54-06 Auxiliary Output #06 current high Complete a test drive of the truck. If the diagnostic
code is logged after attempting to use the Top 2
a. Connect a voltage test lamp between pin “B” feature, replace the solenoids. Repeat the test
(Sensor Common) and pin “A” (No. 6 Output) drive in order to ensure that the problem has been
on the ECM side of the Eaton Top 2 solenoid corrected. Clear all logged diagnostic codes.
connector.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
J. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
link connector. STOP.
K. Turn the key switch to the ON position. • Not OK – The problem is in the harness wiring or
the ECM. Remove the voltage test lamp. Proceed
L. Access the special test for the “Shift Solenoid” to Test Step 5.
and the “Lockout Solenoid” on the electronic
service tool. Access the following display Test Step 5. Use the Electronic Service
screens in order: Tool to Check the ECM
• “Diagnostics” A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
M. While you monitor the voltage test lamp, cycle D. Use the following procedure for either of the
the special test for the “Lockout Solenoid” from following diagnostic codes:
the ON position to the OFF position and back
to the ON position. • 55-05 Auxiliary Output #07 current low
N. Stop the special test for the “Lockout Solenoid”. • 55-06 Auxiliary Output #07 current high
Note: When the key switch is turned on and the a. Remove terminal 20 from vehicle harness
solenoid connector is disconnected, the following connector P1.
diagnostic code will occur during performance of
the special test for the “Lockout Solenoid”: b. Connect P1 to the breakout T.
• 55-05 Auxiliary Output #07 current low E. Connect a voltage test lamp to terminal 67
(−Battery) and terminal 20 (No. 7 Output) of the
Clear this logged code when this step is breakout T.
completed.
Note: The No. 7 Output is the shift solenoid.
Expected Result:
F. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
The voltage test lamp behaves in the following link connector.
manner:
G. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
• The voltage test lamp turns on when the test is
active. H. Access the special test for the “Shift Solenoid” on
the electronic service tool. Access the following
• The voltage test lamp turns off when the test is display screens in order:
not active.
• “Diagnostics”
Results:
• “Diagnostic Tests”
• OK – The engine harness and the ECM are OK.
• “Special Test”
• “Shift Solenoid”
245
Troubleshooting Section
I. While you monitor the voltage test lamp, cycle • The key switch is turned on.
the special test for the “Shift Solenoid” from the
ON position to the OFF position and back to the • The ECM connector J1/P1 is disconnected.
ON position.
• The “Transmission Style” is programmed to Eaton
J. Stop the special test for the “Shift Solenoid”. Top 2.
K. Use the following procedure for either of the This is normal. Clear these diagnostic codes after
following diagnostic codes: this test step is completed.
Expected Result: D. Verify that the three parameters for gear ratios
are correctly programmed.
The voltage test lamp behaves in the following
manner: Refer to Table 148.
• The voltage test lamp turns on when the test is Expected Result:
active.
The parameters for the gear ratios are programmed
• The voltage test lamp turns off when the test is correctly.
not active.
Results:
Note: When all of the following conditions exist a
54-05 and 55-05 diagnostic code will occur: • OK
246
Troubleshooting Section
One of the following diagnostic codes is present: Programmable parameters are stored in permanent
memory. This includes both customer specified
parameters and system configuration parameters.
• 252-11 Engine Software Incorrect
Refer to Troubleshooting, “Customer Specified
Parameters” for details on customer specified
• 253-02 Check Customer or System Parameters
parameters and refer to Troubleshooting, “System
Also, use this procedure if the integrity of the Configuration Parameters” for details on system
customer parameters or the system parameters in configuration parameters.
the ECM is questionable. Also, use this procedure if
the data for the engine lifetime totals is questionable.
• Fuel rate
247
Troubleshooting Section
Logged diagnostics are stored by the ECM into Repair: Repair the connectors or wiring and/or
memory so a permanent record of the diagnostic replace the connectors or wiring. Ensure that all
code is retained. Logged faults that are not critical of the seals are properly in place and ensure that
are automatically cleared after 100 hours. the connectors are completely coupled.
Power circuits provide clean stable electrical power • 252-11 Incorrect Engine Software
to internal circuits and external sensors.
Result 2 The following diagnostic code requires
Test Step 1. Inspect Electrical Connectors troubleshooting:
and Wiring
• 253-02 Check Customer or System Parameters
A. Thoroughly inspect the J1/P1 ECM connector and
the battery connections. Refer to Troubleshooting, Result 3 Scrambled parameters or data require
“Electrical Connectors - Inspect” for details. troubleshooting.
D. Check the harness and wiring for abrasion and B. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
pinch points from the data link connectors back
to the ECM. C. Read the customer specified parameters. Refer
to Troubleshooting, “Programming Parameters”.
Expected Result:
D. Ensure that the personality module part number
All connectors, pins and sockets should be agrees with the original engine arrangement.
completely coupled and/or inserted and the harness
and wiring should be free of corrosion, abrasion Expected Result:
or pinch points.
The correct personality module is installed in the
Results: ECM for the engine.
• Not OK • OK
248
Troubleshooting Section
Repair: The diagnostic code 252-11 must be Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
cleared if the correct personality module has
been installed. Clearing this diagnostic code STOP.
requires factory passwords and resetting the
personality module code to zero. Test Step 5. Review Parameters and Data
STOP. A. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. D. Review the engine lifetime totals.
Test Step 4. Determine Parameters that The parameters and totals are scrambled.
Require Programming
Results:
A. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
link connector. • OK
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Repair: Try to reprogram the suspect parameter
or parameters. If the ECM does not maintain
C. Check the active diagnostic codes. Note any the parameters, temporarily connect a test
parameters that are listed in the following active ECM. Ensure that the test ECM will allow the
diagnostic code: programming of the parameters. If the test
ECM does not allow the programming of the
• 253-02 Check Customer or System Parameters parameters, the old ECM is OK. Something is
wrong in the vehicle wiring. Check the battery
Expected Result: supply circuit to the ECM and repair, as required.
The ECM allows the parameters that are listed Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
under the following active diagnostic code in the
active diagnostic code screen to be programmed: STOP.
• 253-02 Check Customer or System Parameters • Not OK – The ECM is OK. STOP.
Results:
i01720712
249
Troubleshooting Section
g00693506
Illustration 81
ECM connectors (AMP)
250
Troubleshooting Section
g00675955
Illustration 82
Deutsch connector receptacles and plugs
251
Troubleshooting Section
g00640158
Illustration 83
Routing of the Harness and insertion of the plug
(1) Correctly routed harness (3) Incorrectly routed harness
(2) Correctly inserted plug (4) Incorrectly inserted plug
Test Step 1. Check the Locking of the DT Test Step 2. Check the Allen Head Screw
Connector (Deutsch) and Check the Lock on the ECM Connector
Ring of the HD Style Connector (Deutsch)
A. Ensure that the allen head screw is properly
A. Ensure that the connector is properly locked. tightened. Be careful not to overtighten the screw
Also ensure that the two halves of the connector and break the screw.
can not be pulled apart.
B. Do not exceed 6.0 N·m (55 lb in) of torque on
B. Verify that the latch tab of the connector is the allen head screw.
properly latched. Also verify that the latch tab of
the connector returns to the locked position. Expected Result:
Expected Result: The ECM connector is secure and the allen head
screw is properly torqued.
The connector will securely lock. The connector
and the locking mechanism are without cracks or Results:
breaks.
• OK – Proceed to Test Step 3.
Results:
• Not OK
• OK – Proceed to Test Step 2.
Repair: Repair the connector or replace the
• Not OK connector, as required.
Repair: Repair the connector or replace the Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
connector, as required.
STOP.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
STOP.
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Expected Result:
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Troubleshooting Section
g00705443
Illustration 84
Connector seals
A. Ensure that the connector seals and the white Moisture can also travel from one connector
sealing plugs are in place. If any of the seals or through the inside of a wire to the ECM
plugs are missing, replace the seal or plug. If Connector. If moisture is found in the ECM
necessary, replace the connector. connector, thoroughly check all connectors and
wires on the harness that connect to the ECM.
B. Check all of the wiring harnesses in order to The ECM is not the source of the moisture. Do
verify that the harness does not make a sharp not replace an ECM if moisture is found in either
bend out of a connector. This will deform the ECM connector.
connector
entrance ofseal and this will create a path for the
moisture. Note: If corrosion is evident on the pins, sockets or
the connector, use only denatured alcohol to remove
Thoroughly inspect the J1/P1 and J2/P2 ECM the corrosion. Use a cotton swab or a soft brush
connectors for evidence of moisture entry. to remove the corrosion. Do not use any cleaners
that contain 1,1,1 trichloro-ethylene because 1,1,1
Note: It is normal to see some minor seal abrasion trichloro-ethylene may damage the connector.
on the ECM Connector seals. Minor seal abrasion
will not allow the entry of moisture. Expected Result:
C. If moisture or corrosion is evident in the All of the connectors should be completely coupled
connector, the source of the moisture entry and all of the seals should be completely inserted.
must be found and the source of the moisture The harness and the wiring should be free of
entry must be repaired. If the source of the corrosion, abrasion or pinch points.
moisture entry isdrying
reoccur. Simply not repaired, the problem
the connector will
will not fix Results:
the problem. Likely paths for the entrance of
moisture are illustrated in the following list: • OK – Proceed to Test Step 7.
• Missing seals • Not OK
• Improperly installed seals Repair: Repair the connectors or wiring and/or
replace the connectors or wiring. Ensure that all
• Nicks in exposed insulation of the seals are properly in place and ensure that
the connectors are completely coupled.
• Improperly mated connectors
254
Troubleshooting Section
STOP.
Expected Result:
Results:
STOP.
255
Troubleshooting Section
g00640220
Illustration 85
(1) Contact of the pin (2) Contact of the socket
• Engine speed is 0.
256
Troubleshooting Section
• Vehicle speed is 0.
• The neutral switch is in the Neutral position.
g01012736
Illustration 86
Schematic
g01012737
Illustration 87
P2 ECM connector
Test Step 1. Inspect Electrical Connectors • Not OK – There is a problem with the electrical
and Wiring connectors and/or the wiring.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. Repair: Repair the connectors or wiring and/or
replace the connectors or wiring. Ensure that all
B. Thoroughly inspect the J2/P2 ECM connector and of the seals are properly in place and ensure that
the solenoid connector. Refer to Troubleshooting, the connectors are completely coupled.
“Electrical Connectors - Inspect” for details.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
C. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on each of the
wires in the ECM connector and the solenoid STOP.
connector.
Test Step 2. Determine the Condition that
D. Check the ECM connector (allen head screw) for is Present
the proper torque of 6 N·m (55.0 lb in).
A. Connect the Caterpillar Electronic Technician
E. Check the harness and wiring for abrasion and (Cat ET) to the data link connector.
for pinch points.
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
Expected Result:
C. Check for active diagnostic codes that are
All connectors, pins, and sockets are completely related to the engine coolant diverter solenoid.
coupled and/or inserted and the harness and the
wiring are free of corrosion, of abrasion, or of pinch D. Start the “Coolant Diverter Valve Test” on Cat ET.
points.
E. Once Cat ET displays the status of the engine
Results: coolant diverter, stop the “Coolant Diverter Valve
Test”.
• OK – The electrical connectors and wiring are
OK. Proceed to Test Step 2.
257
Troubleshooting Section
The test indicated “Not Active: Device Open” or The resistance is less than 13 Ohms for 12 volt
“Not Active: Device Short”. systems and the resistance is less than 50 Ohms
for 24 volt systems.
Results:
Results:
• Open – The test indicated “Not Active: Device
Open”. Proceed to Test Step 3. • OK – The resistance is within the specifications.
• Short – The test indicated “Not Active: Device Repair: Inspect the solenoid connector, terminals,
Short”. Proceed to Test Step 7. and wiring.
Test Step 3. Short the Wires at the Verify that all of the connectors, terminals, and
Solenoid wiring are OK.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. If the problem is intermittent refer to
Troubleshooting, “Electrical Connectors -
B. Disconnect the engine coolant diverter solenoid Inspect”.
at the solenoid connector.
STOP.
C. Fabricate a jumper wire to short terminal 1 and
terminal 2 of the connector for the solenoid on • Not OK – The resistance is not within the
the engine harness. specifications.
D. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Repair: Temporarily connect a new solenoid.
E. Access the “Special Tests” under the “Service” If the new solenoid fixes the problem, reconnect
menu. the suspect solenoid.
F. Start the “Coolant Diverter Valve Test” on Cat ET. If the problem returns, permanently replace the
solenoid.
G. Once Cat ET displays the status of the engine
coolant diverter, stop the “Coolant Diverter Valve Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Test”.
STOP.
Expected Result:
Test Step 5. Short the Circuit at the ECM
The test indicated “Not Active: Device Short” with
the jumper wire in place. A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
• OK – The test indicated “Not Active: Device C. Remove the wires from P2:8 (Engine coolant
Short”. Proceed to Test Step 4. diverter solenoid) and P2:53 (Solenoid common).
• Not OK – The test indicated “Not Active: Device D. Fabricate a jumper wire to short P2:8 (Engine
Open”. coolant diverter solenoid) and P2:53 (Solenoid
common).
Repair: Reconnect the solenoid to the solenoid
connector. E. Reconnect the P2 ECM connector.
Test Step 4. Check the Resistance of the G. Access the “Special Tests” under the “Service”
Solenoid menu.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. H. Start the “Coolant Diverter Valve Test” on Cat ET.
B. Use a multimeter to measure the resistance I. Once Cat ET displays the status of the engine
between terminal 1 and terminal 2 of the engine coolant diverter, stop the “Coolant Diverter Valve
coolant diverter solenoid. Test”.
258
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result: M. Insert the other jumper wire into P2:53 and
P702:2.
The test indicated “Not Active: Device Short” with
the jumper wire in place. N. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
If the test ECM fixes the problem, reconnect the The test indicates “Active” with one or both of the
suspect ECM. jumper wires in place.
Test Step 6. Bypass the Harness Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
B. Disconnect the P2 ECM connector and the P702 • Not OK – The bypass harness did not repair the
Engine coolant diverter solenoid connector. problem.
C. Remove the wire from P2:8 (Engine coolant Repair: Verify that the bypass harness is properly
diverter solenoid) and P702:1 (Engine coolant connected.
diverter solenoid).
Check the ECM connector and the solenoid
D. Fabricate two jumper wires that can reach from connector for damage and/or moisture.
the ECM to the engine coolant diverter solenoid.
If the problem is intermittent, refer to
E. Insert one of the jumper wires into P2:8 and Troubleshooting, “Electrical Connectors -
P702:1. Inspect”.
G. Access the “Special Tests” under the “Service” Test Step 7. Create an Open at the
menu. Solenoid
H. Start the “Coolant Diverter Valve Test” on Cat ET. A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
I. Once Cat ET displays the status of the engine B. Disconnect the engine coolant diverter solenoid
coolant diverter, stop the “Coolant Diverter Valve at the solenoid connector.
Test”.
C. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
J. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
D. Access the “Special Tests” under the “Service”
K. Disconnect the P2 ECM connector and the P702 menu.
Engine coolant diverter solenoid connector.
E. Start the “Coolant Diverter Valve Test” on Cat ET.
L. Remove the wire from P2:53 (Solenoid common)
and P702:2 (Solenoid common).
259
Troubleshooting Section
F. Once Cat ET displays the status of the engine C. Check the ECM connector for corrosion and
coolant diverter, stop the “Coolant Diverter Valve moisture.
Test”.
D. Remove the wires from P2:8 (Engine coolant
Expected Result: diverter solenoid) and P2:53 (Solenoid common).
The test indicates “Not Active: Device Open”. E. Reconnect the P2 ECM connector.
• OK – The test indicates “Not Active: Device G. Access the “Special Tests” under the “Service”
Open”. Proceed to Test Step 8. menu.
• Not OK – The test indicates “Not Active: Device H. Start the “Coolant Diverter Valve Test” on Cat ET.
Short”. Proceed to Test Step 9.
I. Once Cat ET displays the status of the engine
Test Step 8. Check the Resistance of the coolant diverter, stop the “Coolant Diverter Valve
Solenoid Test”.
B. Use a multimeter to measure the resistance The test indicates “Not Active: Device Open”.
between terminal 1 and terminal 2 of the engine
coolant diverter solenoid. Results:
• OK – The resistance is within the specifications. If the test ECM fixes the problem, reconnect the
suspect ECM.
Repair: Check the solenoid connector for
corrosion and moisture. If the problem returns, permanently replace the
ECM.
If the problem is intermittent, refer to
Troubleshooting, “Electrical Connectors - Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Inspect”.
STOP.
STOP.
Test Step 10. Bypass the Harness
• Not OK – There is a short circuit in the solenoid.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
Repair: Temporarily connect a new solenoid.
B. Disconnect the P2 ECM connector and the P702
If the new solenoid fixes the problem, reconnect Engine coolant diverter solenoid connector.
the suspect solenoid.
C. Remove the wire from P2:8 (Engine coolant
If the problem returns, permanently replace the diverter solenoid) and P702:1 (Engine coolant
solenoid. diverter solenoid).
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. D. Fabricate two jumper wires that can reach from
the ECM to the engine coolant diverter solenoid.
STOP.
E. Insert one of the jumper wires into P2:8 and
Test Step 9. Create an Open at the ECM P702:1.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. F. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
260
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
STOP.
STOP.
261
Troubleshooting Section
Illustration 88 g00970385
g00970387
Illustration 89
P2 ECM connector
262
Troubleshooting Section
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Wait at • OK – Proceed to Test Step 3.
least 15 seconds for activation of the diagnostic
codes. • Not OK
Repair: Repair the connectors or wiring and/or
Verify
C. are if any of the following diagnostic codes
active: replace the connectors or wiring. Ensure that all
of the seals are properly in place and ensure that
the connectors are completely coupled.
• 232-03 5 Volt Supply voltage high
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
• 232-04 5 Volt Supply voltage low
Clear all logged diagnostic codes.
Expected Result:
STOP.
None of the preceding diagnostic codes are active.
Results:
Test Step 3. Determine the Condition that
is Present
• OK – Proceed to Test Step 2. A. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Wait at
• Not OK least 15 seconds for activation of the diagnostic
codes.
Repair: Perform the following diagnostic
procedure: Troubleshooting, “5 Volt Engine
B. Monitor the active diagnostic code screen on the
electronic service tool.
Pressure Sensor Supply Circuit - Test”.
C. Determine if the problem is related to a “voltage
STOP.
high” diagnostic code (open circuit) or a “voltage
low” diagnostic code (short circuit).
263
Troubleshooting Section
Either a “voltage low” diagnostic code (short circuit) Proceed to Test Step 5.
is active or a “voltage high” diagnostic code (open
circuit) is active. Test Step 5. Create an Open Circuit at the
ECM
Results:
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
• Voltage Low (Short) – A “voltage low” diagnostic
code (short circuit) is active at this time. Proceed B. Remove the signal wire of the suspect sensor
to Test Step 4. from the P2 ECM connector.
• Voltage High (Open) – A “voltage high” diagnostic C. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
code (open circuit) is active at this time. Proceed
to Test Step 7. D. Check for active diagnostic codes.
Repair: Temporarily connect a new sensor. Test Step 6. Check the Resistance of the
Harness
Check for active diagnostic codes.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
If the new sensor fixes the problem, reconnect
the suspect sensor. B. Verify that the suspect sensor is disconnected.
If the problem returns, permanently install the C. Measure the resistance between terminal B
new sensor. (Pressure Sensor Common) and terminal C
(Signal) of the connector for the suspect sensor
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. on the engine harness.
• Not OK – There is a short circuit between the The resistance is greater than 20,000 ohms, or “OL”
sensor and the ECM. is displayed on the multimeter.
264
Troubleshooting Section
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. C. Install a jumper wire between terminal C (Signal)
and terminal B (Pressure Sensor Common) of the
STOP. sensor connector. Wait at least 15 seconds for
activation of the “voltage low” diagnostic code
• Not OK – There is a short between the pressure (short circuit).
sensor common and the signal wire.
Expected Result:
Repair: Locate the short between the pressure
sensor common and the signal wire. A “voltage low” diagnostic code (short circuit) is
active when the jumper wire is installed. A “voltage
Repair the faulty wiring or replace the faulty high” diagnostic code (open circuit) is active when
wiring. the jumper wire is removed.
B. Disconnect the suspect sensor. If the problem returns, permanently replace the
suspect sensor.
C. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
D. Measure the voltage from terminal A (Pressure
Sensor +5V) to terminal B (Pressure Sensor STOP.
Common).
• Not OK – The “voltage high” diagnostic code
Expected Result: (open circuit) remains active when the jumper
wire is installed.
The voltage is 5.0 ± 0.16 VDC.
Repair: Remove the jumper wire.
Results:
Proceed to Test Step 9.
• OK – The sensor supply voltage is correct.
Test Step 9. Create a Short Circuit at the
Repair: Leave the sensor disconnected. ECM
Proceed to Test Step 8. A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
• Not OK – The sensor supply voltage is out of B. Disconnect the J2/P2 ECM connector.
the range.
C. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
Repair: Check the 5 volt supply wire for an open
circuit. A “voltage high” diagnostic code (open circuit)
should be active for the suspect sensor.
Repair the faulty wiring or replace the faulty
wiring.
265
Troubleshooting Section
A “voltage low” diagnostic code (short circuit) is Repair: Locate the short between the 5 volt
active for the suspect sensor. supply and the signal wire.
If the test ECM fixes the problem, reconnect the System Operation Description:
suspect ECM.
Use this procedure under the following situation:
If the problem returns, permanently replace the
ECM. The engine running output circuit is suspected of
incorrect operation.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
The following background information is related
STOP. to this procedure:
266
Troubleshooting Section
g00656153
Illustration 91
Circuit for engine running output
267
Troubleshooting Section
g00656156
Illustration 92
Terminal locations for ECM
Test Step 1. Inspect Electrical Connectors • Not OK – Repair the wiring or replace the wiring,
and Wiring if necessary. Repair the connectors or replace
the connectors, if necessary. Ensure that all of
A. Thoroughly inspect ECM vehicle harness the seals are in the proper place. Ensure that all
connector J1/P1, and the firewall bulkhead of the connectors are connected properly. Verify
connector. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Electrical that the repair eliminates the problem. STOP.
Connectors - Inspect” for details.
Test Step 2. Ensure Correct Parameter
B. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on terminal 10, Programming
terminal 12, or terminal 13 in the ECM connector.
A. Connect the Caterpillar Electronic Technician
Refer to Illustration 92. (ET) to the cab data link connector.
C. Check the ECM connector (allen head screw) for B. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
the proper torque of 6.0 N·m (55 lb in).
C. Access the customer specified parameter
D. Check the harness and wiring for abrasion and screen in order to make sure that the ECM
pinch points from the sensor to the ECM. is programmed to use the “Engine Running
Output”.
Expected Result:
D. Ensure that the “Engine Running Output” circuit
All connectors, pins and sockets should be is connected to the programmed output.
completely coupled and/or inserted and the harness
and wiring should be free of corrosion, abrasion Expected Result:
or pinch points.
The circuit is connected to the correct ECM terminal
Results: that is selected for the “Engine Running Output”.
268
Troubleshooting Section
• Not OK – Update the customer specified J. Cycle the corresponding “Engine Running Output
parameter in order to match the correct output Special Test” to the ON position and to the OFF
terminal. STOP. position and watch the voltage test lamp.
Test Step 3. Use ET to Check the Relay K. Stop the special test.
A. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position. Note: A multimeter can not be used in place of the
voltage test lamp when the ECM outputs are being
B. Access the “Engine Running Output Special tested.
Test” on ET. The “Engine Running Output Special
Test” will enable the “Engine Running Output” Expected Result:
when the test is active.
The voltage test lamp turns on when the“Engine
C. Begin the “Engine Running Output Special Test” Running Output Special Test” is active. The voltage
and listen for the relay to click. You may need to test lamp also turns off when the “Engine Running
be near the engine in order to hear the click. Output Special Test” is not active.
The relay will activate when the special test is • OK – The ECM is OK. The problem is in the
turned “On”. vehicle wiring. Inspect the vehicle wiring and then
repair the vehicle wiring. Otherwise, send the
Results: vehicle to the OEM dealer for repair. Verify that
the original condition is resolved. STOP.
• OK – The ECM and vehicle components are
operating correctly. STOP. • Not OK – Temporarily connect a test ECM. Use
the “Engine Running Output Special Test” on ET
• Not OK – Proceed to Test Step 4. to check the ECM. If the problem is resolved
with the test ECM, install the suspect ECM. If the
Test Step 4. Use ET to Check the ECM problem returns with the suspect ECM, replace
the ECM. Verify that the repair eliminates the
A. Connect ET to the cab data link connector. problem. STOP.
H. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position. The “Engine Shutdown Output” will function on the
corresponding Output that is selected:
I. Access the appropriate “Engine Running Output
Special Test” on ET. • ECM Connector J1/P1 Terminal 10
269
Troubleshooting Section
g00656155
Illustration 93
Circuit for shutdown output
270
Troubleshooting Section
g00656156
Illustration 94
Terminal locations for ECM
Test Step 1. Inspect Electrical Connectors • Not OK – Repair the wiring or replace the wiring,
and Wiring if necessary. Repair the connectors or replace
the connectors, if necessary. Ensure that all of
A. Thoroughly inspect ECM vehicle harness the seals are in the proper place. Ensure that all
connector J1/P1, and the firewall bulkhead of the connectors are connected properly. Verify
connector. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Electrical that the repair eliminates the problem. STOP.
Connectors - Inspect” for details.
Test Step 2. Check the Programmable
B. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on terminal 10, Parameters
terminal 12, or terminal 13 in the ECM connector.
A. Connect the Caterpillar Electronic Technician
Refer to Illustration 94. (ET) to the cab data link connector.
C. Check the ECM connector (allen head screw) for B. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
the proper torque of 6.0 N·m (55 lb in).
C. Access the customer specified parameter
D. Check the harness and wiring for abrasion and screen in order to make sure that the ECM is
pinch points from the sensor to the ECM. programmed to use the engine shutdown output.
Expected Result: D. Ensure that the circuit for the engine shutdown
output is connected to the programmed output.
All connectors, pins, and sockets should be
completely coupled and/or inserted and the harness Expected Result:
and wiring should be free of corrosion, abrasion,
or pinch points. The circuit is connected to the correct ECM terminal
that is selected for the “Engine Shutdown Output”.
Results:
Results:
• OK – Proceed to Test Step 2.
• OK – Proceed to Test Step 3.
271
Troubleshooting Section
• Not OK – Update the customer specified J. While you monitor the voltage test lamp, cycle
parameter in order to match the correct output the “Special Test” from the ON position to the
terminal. STOP. OFF position back to the ON position.
• OK – The ECM and vehicle components are • Not OK – Temporarily connect a test ECM. Use
operating correctly. STOP. “Engine Shutdown Output Special Test” on ET
to check the ECM. If the problem is resolved
• Not OK – Proceed to Test Step 4. with the test ECM, install the suspect ECM. If the
problem returns with the suspect ECM, replace
Test Step 4. Use ET to Check the ECM the ECM. Verify that the repair eliminates the
problem. STOP.
A. Connect ET to the cab data link connector.
272
Troubleshooting Section
The engine uses two engine speed/timing sensors. If a replacement of the ECM is required, the
The primary engine speed/timing sensor picks up ECM parameters and the timing calibration can
the crankshaft gear and the secondary engine be transferred from the suspect ECM to the
speed/timing sensor picks up the camshaft gear. replacement ECM. Timing calibration will NOT be
Both of the engine speed/timing sensors detect necessary. This feature requires the Caterpillar
the reference for engine speed and timing from a Electronic Technician (Cat ET) and this feature is
unique pattern on the gear. The ECM counts the only possible if the existing ECM can communicate
time between pulses that is created by the sensor with Cat ET. Use the “Copy Configuration - ECM
as the gear rotates in order to determine rpm. Replacement” feature on Cat ET.
Under normal operation, the secondary engine The primary engine speed/timing sensor is
speed/timing sensor is used to determine timing connected to the ECM through the engine
for starting purposes. The secondary engine harness connector J2/P2:48 (Primary Engine
speed/timing sensor is used to determine when Speed/Timing Positive) and J2/P2:49 (Primary
the piston in the No. 1 cylinder is at the top of Engine Speed/Timing Negative). The secondary
the compression stroke. When the timing has engine speed/timing sensor is connected to
been established, the primary engine speed/timing the ECM through engine harness connector
sensor is then used to determine engine speed. J2/P2:58 (Secondary Engine Speed/Timing Positive)
and J2/P2:59 (Secondary Engine Speed/Timing
After locating the No. 1 cylinder, the ECM triggers Negative).
each injector in the correct firing order and at the
correct unit injector timing. The actual timing and When the sensors are being installed, complete
duration of each injection is based on engine rpm all of the following tasks:
and load. If the engine is running and the signal
from the primary engine speed/timing sensor is • Lubricate the O-ring with oil.
lost, a slight change in engine performance will be
noticed when the ECM performs the changeover to • Ensure that the sensor has a connector face seal
the secondary engine speed/timing sensor. Loss of inside the connector body. If a seal is damaged
the signal from the secondary engine speed/timing or missing, replace the seal.
sensor during engine operation will not result in
any noticeable change in engine performance. • Ensure that the sensor is fully seated into the
However, if the signal from the secondary engine engine before tightening the bracket bolt.
speed/timing sensor is not present during start-up
the following conditions may exist: • Ensure that the connector is latched on both
sides.
• The engine may require a slightly longer period
of time to start-up. • Ensure that the harness is properly secured,
and ensure that the tie-wraps are placed in the
• The engine may run rough for a few seconds until correct location.
the ECM determines the proper firing order with
the primary engine speed/timing sensor.
The engine will start and the engine will run when
only one sensor signal is present from either of the
sensors. The loss of the signal from both of the
sensors during engine operation will result in the
termination of injection and the shutting down the
engine by the ECM. The loss of the signal from
both of the sensors during start-up will prevent the
engine from starting.
273
Troubleshooting Section
g00955785
Illustration 95
Schematic for engine speed/timing sensors
Test Step 1. Check for Diagnostic Codes • No Engine rpm – Engine rpm is not indicated on
Cat ET. Proceed to Test Step 2.
A. Connect Cat ET to the data link connector.
One or more of the diagnostic codes that are listed B. Inspect the bracket in order to ensure that the
above are logged or active. installation allows the flange of the sensor to be
flush against the engine.
Note: If the engine will not start and Cat ET
displayed 0 rpm during cranking, select “No Engine Verify that the bracket is not bent.
rpm”.
Note: The bracket cannot be replaced separately.
Results:
C. Ensure that one O-ring has been installed on
• 64-08, 190-08 or 22-11 – There is an active the sensor, and ensure that the O-ring is free of
diagnostic code or a logged diagnostic code. damage.
Proceed to Test Step 3.
D. If the following diagnostic code is active, there
• Not OK – If none of the codes that are listed are may be a problem with the assembly of the
active diagnostic codes or logged diagnostic engine:
codes and the engine is not running properly,
refer to the appropriate symptoms in the service • 22-11 Primary to Secondary Engine Speed
manual. STOP. Signal Calibration
274
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
• Not OK
Repair: Perform the following procedure in order
to properly install the sensors and the bracket:
STOP.
275
Troubleshooting Section
g00956357
Illustration 97
Terminal locations for ECM
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. G. Ensure that the wiring harness is correctly routed
and secured at the proper locations.
B. Thoroughly inspect the J2/P2 ECM connector.
Refer to Troubleshooting, “Electrical Connectors H. Ensure that the harness wiring is not pulled
- Inspect” for details. too tightly. When the harness wiring is pulled
too tightly, vibrations or movement can cause
C. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on the following intermittent connections.
wires in the P2 ECM connector that are
associated with the engine speed/timing sensors: I. Inspect the harness wiring for nicks and
abrasions.
• Terminal 48
J. If the harness and the connector are OK,
• Terminal 49 disconnect the J2/P2 ECM connector.
276
Troubleshooting Section
Resistance ....................... 600 to 1800 Ohms The readings agree with the values that are listed
above.
Expected Result:
Results:
The readings agree with the values that are listed
above. • OK – The sensor resistance is correct. Proceed
to Test Step 5.
Results:
• Not OK – The sensor resistance is out of the
• OK – Neither a short circuit nor an open circuit is range.
indicated. Proceed to Test Step 5.
Repair: Perform the following procedure in order
• Not OK – The sensor resistance is not within the to check and install the new sensor:
acceptable range when the sensor resistance is
measured through the engine harness. Proceed 1. Before installing the new sensor, measure the
to Test Step 4. resistance of the new sensor.
Test Step 4. Measure the Resistance of If the new sensor resistance is in the correct
the Sensor at the Sensor range, install the new sensor in the engine,
as follows:
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
a. Loosen the bolt that holds the sensor
B. Check the harness and the wiring for abrasion mounting bracket to the engine.
and pinch points from the sensor back to the
ECM. b. Ensure that one O-ring is installed and free
of damage.
C. Disconnect the suspect sensor from the engine
harness. c. Seat the sensor and tighten the bolt.
D. Thoroughly inspect the J401/P401 or the If the sensor will not seat, repair the sensor
J402/P402 engine speed/timing sensor or replace the sensor, as required.
connector. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Electrical
Connectors - Inspect” for details. Note: The sensor must not be removed from the
bracket.
E. Primary engine speed/timing sensor
d. Ensure that the sensor is properly oriented
a. Use a multimeter to measure the sensor and that the harness is secured in the
resistance (Ohms) between J401:2 (Primary proper location.
Engine Speed/Timing Positive) and J401:1
(Primary Engine Speed/Timing Negative). 2. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
277
Troubleshooting Section
Test Step 5. Install the Bypass Harness B. Temporarily connect a test ECM.
for the Engine Speed/Timing Sensors
C. Start the engine. Run the engine in order to
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. repeat the conditions when the problem occurs.
B. Disconnect the J2/P2 ECM connector. D. If the problem is resolved with the test ECM,
reconnect the suspect ECM.
C. Use the following procedure for the primary
engine speed/timing sensor: E. If the problem returns with the suspect ECM,
replace the ECM.
a. Install a 16 AWG wire between J2/P2:48 and
P401:2. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
b. Install a 16 AWG wire between J2/P2:59 and Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
P401:1.
STOP.
Note: Twisted pair wiring is required. Ensure that the
wires have at least one twist per inch. • Not OK
E. Reconnect the J2/P2 engine harness connector. Repair: Replace the sensor.
F. Start the engine in order to determine if the Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
bypass harness repairs the problem.
STOP.
Expected Result:
i01942352
The problem is corrected with the installation of the
bypass harness. Engine Temperature Sensor
Results: Open or Short Circuit - Test
• OK SMCS Code: 1906-038; 1921-038; 1922-038;
1928-038
Repair: Permanently install a new section of
harness. System Operation Description:
278
Troubleshooting Section
Illustration 98 g00970545
g00970546
Illustration 99
P1 and P2 ECM connectors
279
Troubleshooting Section
E. Check the harness and wiring for abrasion and B. Disconnect the sensor with the “voltage low”
pinch points from the sensor to the ECM. diagnostic code (short circuit).
• OK – Proceed to Test Step 2. A “voltage high” diagnostic code (open circuit) for
the suspect sensor is now active.
• Not OK
Results:
Repair: Repair the connectors or wiring and/or
replace the connectors or wiring. Ensure that all • OK – A “voltage high” diagnostic code (open
of the seals are properly in place and ensure that circuit) for the suspect sensor is now active.
the connectors are completely coupled.
Repair: Temporarily connect a new sensor.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
If the new sensor fixes the problem, reconnect
STOP. the suspect sensor.
Test Step 2. Determine the Condition that If the problem returns, permanently replace the
is Present sensor.
A. Connect the Caterpillar Electronic Technician Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
(Cat ET) to the data link connector.
STOP.
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Wait at
least 15 seconds for activation of the diagnostic • Not OK – There is a short circuit between the
codes. sensor harness connector and the ECM.
C. Check for active diagnostic codes on Cat ET. Repair: Leave the sensor disconnected.
280
Troubleshooting Section
Note: When the J2/P2 ECM connector is Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
disconnected, all of the “voltage high” diagnostic
codes (open circuit) for the temperature sensors will STOP.
be active. This is normal.
• Not OK – There is a short between the supply
Expected Result: wire and the common wire.
“Voltage high” diagnostic codes (open circuit) Repair: Locate the short between the supply wire
are active when the J2/P2 ECM connector is and the common wire.
disconnected.
Repair the faulty wiring or replace the faulty
Results: wiring.
• OK – The ECM is working properly. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
• Not OK – A “voltage low” diagnostic code (short A. Fabricate a jumper wire 150 mm (6 inch) long.
circuit) is still active for the suspect sensor.
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
Repair: Temporarily connect a test ECM.
C. Monitor the active diagnostic code screen.
If the test ECM fixes the problem, reconnect the
suspect ECM. D. Install the jumper wire between terminal 1 and
terminal 2 of the sensor connector.
If the problem returns, permanently replace the
suspect ECM. Expected Result:
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. A “voltage low” diagnostic code (short circuit) is
active when the jumper wire is installed.
STOP.
Results:
Test Step 5. Check the Resistance
• OK – A “voltage low” diagnostic code (short
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. circuit) is active.
B. Verify that the suspect sensor and the ECM Repair: Temporarily connect a new sensor.
connector are disconnected.
If the new sensor fixes the problem, reconnect
C. Measure the resistance between terminal 1 and the suspect sensor.
terminal 2 of the sensor connector.
If the problem returns, permanently replace the
Expected Result: suspect sensor.
The resistance is greater than 20,000 Ohms or “OL” Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
is displayed on the multimeter.
STOP.
281
Troubleshooting Section
• Not OK – A “voltage high” diagnostic code (open Repair: Check for an open circuit in the common
circuit) is still active. wire.
Repair: Remove the jumper wire. Repair the faulty wiring or replace the faulty
wiring.
Proceed to Test Step 7.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Test Step 7. Create a Short at the ECM STOP.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
• Not OK – The voltage is not within the range.
B. Disconnect the P2 ECM connector.
Repair: If the voltage is above 5.5 VDC, check
C. Fabricate a jumper wire 150 mm (6 inch) long. the supply wire for a short to a voltage source.
D. Install the jumper wire between the terminal for If the voltage is below 4.5 VDC, check the supply
the sensor supply of the suspect sensor and the wire for an open circuit.
terminal for the sensor common.
Repair the faulty wiring or replace the faulty
Expected Result: wiring.
A “voltage low” diagnostic code (short circuit) is Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
active when the jumper wire is installed.
STOP.
Results:
i01868212
• OK – A “voltage low” diagnostic code (short
circuit) is active when the jumper wire is installed. Fan Override Switch Circuit -
Repair: Reconnect the P2 ECM connector. Test
• Not OK – A “voltage high” diagnostic code (open SMCS Code: 7332-038
circuit) is still active.
System Operation Description:
Repair: Temporarily connect a test ECM.
Use this procedure under the following situation:
If the test ECM fixes the problem, reconnect the
suspect ECM. The circuit for the fan override switch is suspected
of incorrect operation.
If the problem returns, permanently replace the
suspect ECM. Note: This procedure is intended for troubleshooting
a fan override switch that is connected to an ECM
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. input circuit. This procedure is not intended for a
fan override switch that is installed in the cooling
STOP. fan output circuit.
Results:
282
Troubleshooting Section
g00682179
Illustration 100
Schematic for the fan override switch
283
Troubleshooting Section
g00682184
Illustration 101
Terminal Locations for the ECM
Test Step 1. Check the Status of the “Fan Test Step 2. Determine the Configuration
Override Switch” of the Fan Override Switch
A. Connect the electronic service tool to the data A. Determine if the fan override switch is wired
link connector. directly to the ECM or through the J1939 data
link.
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
B. Verify that the “Fan Override Switch” parameter
C. Monitor the status for the “Fan Override Switch” is programmed to reflect the proper wiring.
while the fan override switch is moved to the ON
position and the OFF position. Expected Result:
Note: If the status for the “Fan Override Switch” The fan override switch is wired directly to the ECM.
indicates “Not Installed”, then the “Fan Override
Switch” parameter has not been programmed. Results:
• Not OK – The ECM is not reading the change in Refer to Troubleshooting, “Powertrain Data Link
switch status. Proceed to Test Step 2. Circuit - Test”.
STOP.
284
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
STOP.
285
Troubleshooting Section
g00682199
Illustration 102
Connector for breakout T
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
F. While the status for the “Fan Override Switch” D. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
is monitored, remove the jumper wire and then
insert the jumper wire. E. While the status for the “Fan Override Switch”
is monitored, remove the jumper wire and then
Expected Result: insert the jumper wire.
The status for the “Fan Override Switch” is “On” Expected Result:
when the jumper wire is inserted. The status for the
“Fan Override Switch” is “Off” when the jumper wire The status for the “Fan Override Switch” is “On”
is removed. when the jumper wire is inserted. The status for the
“Fan Override Switch” is “Off” when the jumper wire
Results: is removed.
286
Troubleshooting Section
Test Step 6. Insert a Jumper Wire at the The “Idle Shutdown Timer” is intended to improve
Bulkhead Connector fuel economy by limiting idling time.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. The “Idle Shutdown Timer” is a “Customer Specified
Parameter” that may be programmed for any period
B. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long. from 3 to 1440 minutes.
Crimp a Deutsch pin to each end of the wire.
The timer is activated when all of the following
C. Insert the wire jumper pin between the terminals conditions are met regardless of the position of the
for the fan override switch on the engine side of parking brake:
the ECM bulkhead connector.
• The vehicle speed is 0.
D. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
• The engine is not in “Cold Mode” or “Dedicated
E. While the status for the “Fan Override Switch” PTO Mode”.
is monitored, remove the jumper wire and then
insert the jumper wire. • The engine is not under load.
Expected Result: The timer can be reset by moving the vehicle or
the timer can be reset by quickly depressing the
The status for the “Fan Override Switch” is “On” accelerator pedal and releasing the accelerator
when the jumper wire is inserted. The status for the pedal.
“Fan Override Switch” is “Off” when the jumper wire
is removed. The check engine lamp will begin to rapidly flash
90 seconds before the programmed time expires.
Results: During this 90 second time period, the following
conditions can disable the timer:
• OK – The problem is in the vehicle wiring
between the bulkhead connector and the switch. • The driver moves the clutch pedal.
Repair: Inspect the vehicle wiring and then repair • The driver moves the service brake pedal.
the vehicle wiring. Otherwise, send the vehicle to
the OEM dealer for repair. The following event code will be logged when the
driver overrides the timer by the use of the clutch
Verify that the original condition is resolved. pedal or the brake pedal during the 90 second
period:
STOP.
• 71-00 Idle Shutdown Override
• Not OK – The problem is in the vehicle wiring
between the bulkhead connector and the ECM. If the parameter for the “Allow Idle Shutdown
Override” is programmed to “NO”, the timer can
Repair: Inspect the vehicle wiring and then repair not be overridden by the use of the clutch pedal or
the vehicle wiring. Otherwise, send the vehicle to the brake pedal during the final 90 second period.
the OEM dealer for repair. “YES” is the factory default that is programmed
for the parameter for the “Allow Idle Shutdown
Verify that the original condition is resolved. Override”. The allowance of the override is the
default.
STOP.
An additional parameter can be programmed to
allow the timer to be reset above a specified engine
i01881656
speed. When the “Idle Shutdown Timer Maximum
Idle Shutdown Timer - Test RPM” parameter is programmed to a value below
the Top Engine Limit, the timer can be reset by
SMCS Code: 1901-038 increasing engine rpm above the programmed
limit. The timer will be reset until engine rpm drops
System Operation Description: below the programmed value. The timer will begin
counting again. The factory default of 2120 rpm
“Idle Shutdown Timer” disables this feature. The “Top Engine Limit” is 2120
rpm.
287
Troubleshooting Section
If the timer is activated and the timer is allowed to b. Record the programmed time for the “Idle
shut down the engine the following event code will Shutdown Timer”. The “Idle Shutdown Timer”
be generated: must be between 3 and 1440 minutes. If the
“Idle Shutdown Timer” is programmed to 0,
• 71-01 Idle Shutdown then the timer is disabled.
Code 71-01 records the event and the code does c. Record the programmed status of the
not indicate an electrical system malfunction or an parameter for the “Allow Idle Shutdown
electronic system malfunction. Disable the timer by Override” and the “Idle Shutdown Timer
programming “Idle Shutdown Timer” to 0 (Caterpillar Maximum RPM”.
Factory Default).
C. Start the engine. Allow the engine to warm up
The ECM will shut down the engine but not the until the coolant temperature is 38 C (100 F).
vehicle electrical system when the “Idle Shutdown Allow the engine to operate at the programmed
Timer” time expires. The “Engine Shutdown Output” low idle and turn off any unnecessary accessory
can be used to shut down the vehicle electrical devices.
system after the “Idle Shutdown Timer” time has
expired. D. Ensure that all unnecessary loads are turned off.
The “Idle Shutdown Timer” feature can be The “Idle Shutdown Timer Maximum RPM”
temporarily disabled by the use of the electronic can be programmed to allow the timer to be
service tool. The “Idle Shutdown Timer” feature reset by increasing the engine RPM above the
can be temporarily disabled through the “System programmed limit. Ensure that the accelerator is
Troubleshooting Settings” screen in order to help not being depressed so that the rpm increases
troubleshoot other problems. Temporarily disabling beyond the programmed limit.
this feature avoids engine shutdowns when you
are troubleshooting other systems. The use of this a. Park the vehicle.
method eliminates the need to temporarily alter the
customer specified parameter of “Idle Shutdown b. Ensure that the status for “Vehicle Speed” on
Timer”. the electronic service tool is 0 km/h (0 mph).
Note: If the following diagnostic code is active, the c. Ensure that the engine speed on the status
“Idle Shutdown Timer” will not operate. screen is at “Low Idle”.
• 84-08 Vehicle Speed signal out of range d. Ensure that the clutch pedal is not depressed.
Ensure that the brake pedal is not depressed.
Note: The timer will be overridden if the following
conditions exist. e. Ensure that the status of the PTO On/Off
Switch is off.
• The “Allow Idle Shutdown Timer Override” is
programmed to “Outside Temperature Based” or f. Observe the “Idle Shutdown Status”.
“J1587 Outside Temperature Based”.
Expected Result:
• The temperature that is being sensed by the
ECM is below the minimum air temperature that is Result 1 The “Idle Shutdown Status” indicates
programmed or the air temperature is above the “Counting”.
maximum air temperature that is programmed.
Result 2 The “Idle Shutdown Status” indicates “Not
Test Step 1. Verify Activation of the “Idle Active”.
Shutdown Timer”
Results:
A. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
link connector. • Result 1 – The ECM is reading the proper
conditions for the activation of the “Idle Shutdown
B. Access the “Configuration” screen on the Timer”. Proceed to Test Step 2.
electronic service tool.
• Result 2 – The ECM is not reading the proper
a. Access the following display screens in order: conditions for activation of the “Idle Shutdown
Timer”. Proceed to Test Step 3.
• “Service”
• “Configuration”
288
Troubleshooting Section
Test Step 2. Verify the Driver Alert Result 2 The check engine lamp did not flash
Function for Idle Shutdown and the during the alert.
Override Function for Idle Shutdown
Result 3 The ECM did not sense a change in the
A. Connect the electronic service tool to the data status of the service brake.
link connector.
Result 4 The ECM did not sense a change in the
B. Access the “Configuration” screen on the status of the clutch.
electronic service tool.
Results:
a. Access the following display screens in order:
• Result 1 – The “Idle Shutdown Timer” is operating
• “Service” properly. STOP.
D. If the customer parameter of “Allow Idle • Result 4 – The ECM did not sense a change in
Shutdown Override” is programmed to “YES”, the status of the clutch.
perform either of the following actions in order to
override the shutdown: Repair: Perform the following diagnostic
procedure: Troubleshooting, “Clutch Pedal
• Press the clutch pedal. Position Switch Circuit - Test”
Note: This action must be accomplished while the Test Step 3. Check the State of the
check engine lamp is flashing. The check engine Related Conditions when the Vehicle is
lamp flashes during the 90 second period before Parked
the programmed shutdown time.
A. Check the state of the following related conditions
E. Reprogram the “Idle Shutdown Timer” to the when the vehicle is parked:
value that was recorded earlier for this test.
• Ensure that the vehicle speed is 0 km/h
Expected Result: (0 mph) on the electronic service tool or the
dash display.
During the 90 second period before the scheduled
shutdown, the status should change from “Counting” • Ensure that the engine is not in cold mode.
to “Driver Alert” and the check engine lamp should (The status screen on the electronic service
flash rapidly. If the “Allow Idle Shutdown Override” tool will indicate that the “Cold Mode” is
is programmed to “YES”, the “Idle Shutdown Status” “Active” in the corner of the display screen.)
should change to “Override” after the pedals are
depressed. • Ensure that the PTO On/Off switch is OFF.
Result 1 The “Idle Shutdown Timer” behaves in the • Ensure that the engine is at low idle.
manner that is described above.
289
Troubleshooting Section
Result 1 Vehicle speed is not indicated as 0 km/h Ignition Key Switch Circuit and
(0 mph). Battery Supply Circuit - Test
Result 2 The status screen on the electronic service SMCS Code: 1401-038; 1553-038
tool indicates that the engine is in cold mode.
System Operation Description:
Result 3 The status of the PTO On/Off switch is
not “OFF”. This procedure tests whether proper voltage is
being supplied to the Engine Control Module (ECM).
Result 4 The engine is not at low idle.
The ECM receives electrical power (battery voltage)
Results: through the wiring that is supplied by the vehicle
manufacturer. Unswitched battery voltage is
• Result 1 – Vehicle speed is not indicated as supplied through J1:48, J1:52, and J1:53. The
0 km/h (0 mph). negative battery is supplied through J1:61, J1:63,
and J1:65. The ECM receives the input from the
Repair: Perform the following diagnostic key switch at P1:70 when the key switch is in the
procedure: Troubleshooting, “Vehicle Speed ON position or the START position. When the ECM
Circuit - Test” detects battery voltage at this input, the ECM will
power up. When battery voltage is removed from
STOP. this input, the ECM will power down.
• Result 2 – The status screen on the electronic The cause of an intermittent power supply to the
service tool indicates that the engine is in cold ECM can occur on either the positive side or the
mode. negative side of the battery circuit. The three
connections for the unswitched +Battery should
Repair: The engine must not be in “Cold Mode” be routed through a dedicated protection device
operation while this test procedure is being (circuit breaker).
performed. Allow the engine to run until the
coolant temperature exceeds 20 C (68 F).
290
Troubleshooting Section
g00947057
Illustration 103
Schematic for ECM battery circuit
291
Troubleshooting Section
g00946099
Illustration 104
P1 ECM connector
Test Step 1. Inspect Electrical Connectors Repair: Repair the connectors or wiring and/or
and Wiring replace the connectors or wiring. Ensure that all
of the seals are properly in place and ensure that
A. Thoroughly inspect J1/P1 ECM connector, the the connectors are completely coupled.
battery connections and the connections to the
key switch. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Electrical STOP.
Connectors - Inspect” for details.
Test Step 2. Check the Status for the Key
B. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on each of the Switch
wires in the ECM connector that are associated
with the following connections: A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
• J1/P1:48, 52, & 53 (Unswitched +Battery) B. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
link connector and access the status for “Ignition
• J1/P1:61, 63, & 65 ( −Battery) Key Switch”.
• J1/P1:70 (Key Switch) C. Monitor the status while the key switch is being
cycled slowly from the ON position to the OFF
C. Check the ECM connector (allen head screw) for position.
the proper torque of 6.0 N·m (55 lb in).
Note: The electronic service tool may lose
D. Check the harness and wiring for abrasion and communications when the key switch is in the OFF
pinch points from the battery to the ECM, and position.
from the key switch to the ECM.
Note: Cycling the key switch several times may
Expected Result: cause additional 43-02 faults to be logged. This is
normal. Clear any logged faults.
All connectors, pins and sockets should be
completely coupled and/or inserted and the harness Expected Result:
and wiring should be free of corrosion, abrasion
or pinch points. The status of the “Ignition Key Switch” changes
from “On” with the key switch in the ON position to
Results: “Off” with the key switch in the OFF position.
292
Troubleshooting Section
STOP.
g00947075
Illustration 105
ECM Breakout T-connector
A. Disconnect the J1/P1 ECM connector. Install • Not OK – The ECM is not receiving the correct
a 140-2266 Cable (Seventy-Pin Breakout) voltage.
between the J1 and P1 ECM connectors.
Repair: Trace the wiring for the key switch
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position. from the ECM through the key switch circuit to
the batteries. Find the problem and repair the
C. Measure the voltage between P1:70 (Key Switch) problem. Check the circuit protection for the
and P1:65 (-Battery). circuit and the wiring. Refer to the vehicle service
manual for instructions on troubleshooting the
Refer to Illustration 105. circuit for the key switch.
293
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
• OK
Repair: Refer to the vehicle service manual for
instructions on troubleshooting the vehicle wiring
harness. Troubleshoot the vehicle wiring harness
and repair the vehicle wiring harness, as required.
Verify that the repairs eliminate the problem.
STOP.
• Not OK
294
Troubleshooting Section
Bypass harness
Note: This bypass harness is only for test Note: The status of the “Ignition Key Switch” will
applications. This bypass harness must be removed always indicate “On” while the bypass harness is
before the vehicle is released to the customer. The installed.
bypass harness can be used in order to determine if
the cause of the intermittent problem is interruptions Results:
in battery power to the ECM or the key switch circuit.
• OK – The symptoms disappear when the bypass
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. harness is installed. Also, the symptoms return
when the bypass harness is removed. The
B. Disconnect the J1/P1 ECM connector. problem is in the vehicle wiring that supplies
Expected Result:
295
Troubleshooting Section
i01632317
g00682286
Illustration 107
Schematic for ignore brake/clutch switch
296
Troubleshooting Section
g00682292
Illustration 108
Terminal Locations for ECM
297
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
g00682301
Illustration 109
Connector for Breakout T
C. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long. • Not OK – The ECM is not functioning properly.
Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wire.
Repair: Perform the following repair:
D. Insert the jumper wire into terminal 18 (Input
Sensor Common #1) of the breakout T. Insert the 1. Temporarily connect a test ECM.
other end of the jumper wire into terminal 47
(Ignore Brake/Clutch Switch) of the breakout T. 2. Remove all jumpers and replace all connectors.
E. Connect ET to the cab data link connector. 3. Recheck the system for active diagnostic
codes.
F. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
4. Repeat the Test Step.
G. Alternately remove the jumper wire and insert
the jumper wire at terminal 18 while you monitor 5. If the problem is resolved with the test ECM,
the status screen on ET. reconnect the suspect ECM.
298
Troubleshooting Section
C. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long. • OK – The problem is in the vehicle wiring
Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wire. between the bulkhead connector and the switch.
D. Insert the jumper wire between the two terminals Repair: Inspect the vehicle wiring and then repair
of the ignore brake/clutch switch. the vehicle wiring. Otherwise, send the vehicle to
the OEM dealer for repair.
E. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
Verify that the original condition is resolved.
F. Alternately remove the jumper wire and then
insert the jumper wire at the switch terminals. At STOP.
the same time, watch the status screen on ET.
• Not OK – The problem is in the vehicle wiring
Expected Result: between the bulkhead connector and the ECM.
The switch status changes to “ON” with the jumper Repair: Inspect the vehicle wiring and then repair
wire in place to “OFF” when the jumper wire is the vehicle wiring. Otherwise, send the vehicle to
removed. the OEM dealer for repair.
• OK STOP.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. Injector Solenoid Circuit - Test
STOP. SMCS Code: 1290-038
B. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long. These engines have Electronic Unit Injectors (EUI)
Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wire. that are mechanically actuated and electronically
controlled. The engine control module sends a 105
C. Insert the jumper wire between the two terminals
for the ignore brake/clutch switch on the engine volt pulse
sent at thetoproper
each injector
time andsolenoid. The pulse
at the correct is
duration
side of the ECM bulkhead connector. for a given engine load and speed. The solenoid
is mounted on top of the fuel injector body. The
D. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position. 105 volt pulse can be individually cut out to aid in
troubleshooting misfire problems.
E. Alternately connect and then disconnect the
jumper wire. At the same time, monitor the status
screen on ET.
299
Troubleshooting Section
300
Troubleshooting Section
g00940016
Illustration 112
Schematic for C15 engines
301
Troubleshooting Section
g00928555
Illustration 113
P2 ECM connector
g00928537
Illustration 114
Valve cover connectors for C11 and C13 engines
302
Troubleshooting Section
g00940052
Illustration 115
Valve cover connectors for C15 engines
Expected Result:
Electrical shock hazard. The electronic unit injec- Repair the connectors or wiring and/or replace
tor system uses 90-120 volts. the connectors or wiring. Ensure that all of the
seals are properly in place and ensure that the
connectors are completely coupled.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. A strong
electrical shock hazard is present if the key Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
switch is not turned off.
STOP.
B. Thoroughly inspect the J2/P2 ECM connector
and the connectors on the valve cover base. Test Step 2. Check for Logged Diagnostic
Refer to Troubleshooting, “Electrical Connectors Codes Regarding Injector Solenoids
- Inspect” for details.
A. Connect Cat ET to the data link connector.
303
Troubleshooting Section
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Note: The “Manual Cylinder Cutout Test” is also
available. Access the manual test by selecting the
C. Check for logged diagnostic codes that are “Change” button on the screen for the Cylinder
related to the injector solenoids on Cat ET. Cutout test. The “4 Cylinder Cutout Test” is the
recommended starting procedure. The automated
Expected Result: tests run twice collecting data. The two sets of data
are analyzed and an “OK” or “Not OK” result is
One or more diagnostic codes that are related to displayed.
the injector solenoids have been logged:
K. Check for active diagnostic codes and logged
Results: diagnostic codes that are related to the injector
solenoids.
• OK – One or more diagnostic codes have been
logged. Proceed to Test Step 4. Expected Result:
• Not OK – No diagnostic codes have been All cylinders indicate “OK” on Cat ET.
logged. Proceed to Test Step 3.
Results:
Test Step 3. Check the Variation of the
Injectors between Cylinders • OK – All cylinders indicate “OK”.
A. When possible, put the truck on a dynamometer. Repair: If the engine is misfiring or if the
engine has low power, refer to Troubleshooting,
B. Start the engine. “Engine Misfires, Runs Rough or Is Unstable”
and Troubleshooting, “Low Power/Poor or No
C. Allow the engine to warm up to normal operating Response to Throttle”.
temperature 77 C (171 F).
F. Shut off all parasitic loads such as the air E. After the engine is warmed to operating
conditioning and the air compressors which temperature, access the “Injector Solenoid Test”
could affect the results of the test. by accessing the following display screens in
order:
G. Set the engine speed to 1000 ± 20 rpm.
• “Diagnostics”
H. Select the start button at the bottom of the screen
for the Cylinder Cutout test on Cat ET. • “Diagnostic Tests”
I. Select the “4 Cylinder Cutout Test” which is the • “Injector Solenoid Test”
default test.
F. Activate the test.
J. Follow the instructions that are provided in the
Cylinder Cutout test. The Cylinder Cutout tests
are interactive so the procedure is guided to
the finish.
304
Troubleshooting Section
Note: Do not confuse the “Injector Solenoid Test” E. Insert one end of the jumper wire into the
with the “Cylinder Cutout Test”. The “Cylinder Cutout common socket for the suspect injector. Insert
Test” is used to shut off fuel to a specific cylinder the other end of the jumper wire into the socket
while the engine is running. The “Injector Solenoid for the suspect injector.
Test” is used to actuate the injector solenoids. This
allows the click of the injector solenoids to be heard F. Perform the “Injector Solenoid Test” at least two
when the engine is not running in order to determine times.
that the circuit is functioning properly.
G. Repeat this test for each suspect injector. Stop
G. As each solenoid is energized by the ECM, an the “Injector Solenoid Test” before handling the
audible click can be heard at the valve cover. jumper wires.
• Open – Note the cylinders that indicate “Open”. Electrical shock hazard. The electronic unit injec-
Proceed to Test Step 5.
tor system uses 90-120 volts.
• Short – Note the cylinders that indicate “Short”.
Proceed to Test Step 8. A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. A strong
electrical shock hazard is present if the key
Test Step 5. Check the Harness between switch is not turned off.
the ECM and the Valve Cover Base for an
Open Circuit B. Remove the valve cover.
D. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long F. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
with Deutsch pins on both ends of the wire.
G. Perform the “Injector Solenoid Test” at least two
times.
305
Troubleshooting Section
Results: Results:
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. Remove the breakout T and reconnect the P2
ECM connector.
STOP.
Perform the “Injector Solenoid Test”.
Test Step 7. Check the ECM for an Open
Circuit If the test ECM fixes the problem, reconnect the
suspect ECM.
306
Troubleshooting Section
• OK – All cylinders indicate “Open”. Proceed to Perform the “Injector Solenoid Test”.
Test Step 10.
If the test ECM fixes the problem, reconnect the
• Not OK – One or more cylinders indicate “Short”. suspect ECM.
Note the cylinders that indicate “Short”. Proceed
to Test Step 9. If the problem returns with the suspect ECM,
replace the ECM.
Test Step 9. Check the ECM for a Short
Circuit Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
STOP.
D. Perform the “Injector Solenoid Test” at least two B. Remove the valve cover.
times.
C. Disconnect each of the injectors that indicate a
Expected Result: “Short” from the wiring harness. Ensure that each
of the connectors from the disconnected injector
All cylinders indicate “Open” when the P2 ECM harness does not touch other components and
connector is disconnected from the ECM. short to ground.
Note: When the engine harness is disconnected, all D. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
of the diagnostic codes for supply voltage to the
sensors will be active. This is normal. Clear all of E. Perform the “Injector Solenoid Test” at least two
these diagnostic codes after completing this test times.
step.
Expected Result:
Results:
All of the injectors that were disconnected indicate
• OK – The short circuit is in the engine harness. “Open”.
Repair the engine harness or replace the engine Repair: Leave the injector wires disconnected.
harness, as required. Clear all diagnostic codes The common wire is not shorted to the engine.
after completing this test step.
Proceed to Test Step 11.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
• Not OK – One or more of the injectors that were
STOP. disconnected indicate “Short”.
307
Troubleshooting Section
Repair: The problem is most likely in the common If the resistance is greater than 10 Ohms, the
wire to the injector. Inspect the connectors for problem is in the return wire under the valve
moisture and corrosion. Also, check the common cover.
wire for exposed wires.
Repair the injector harness or replace the injector
Repair the injector harness or replace the injector harness.
harness under the valve cover.
Perform the “Injector Solenoid Test”.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
STOP.
STOP.
Test Step 11. Check for a Short Circuit
in the Return Wire
i01921773
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. A strong System Operation Description:
electrical shock hazard is present if the key
switch is not turned off. “Intake Valve Actuator Pressure Solenoid Test”
B. Disconnect the P2 ECM connector from the ECM. The “Intake Valve Actuator Pressure Solenoid Test”
is available to help diagnose problems with the
C. Locate the common line for the problem injector intake valve actuator pressure solenoid. A small
in the P2 connector. Measure the resistance current is applied to the circuit at all times. This
from the terminal to the engine ground stud allows the Engine Control Module (ECM) to detect
connection. open circuits when the valve is not actuated. A
short circuit will only be detected when the valve
Expected Result: is actuated.
The resistance is greater than 10 Ohms. The following conditions must be met before the
“Intake Valve Actuator Pressure Solenoid Test” will
Results: function:
STOP.
308
Troubleshooting Section
g01012666
Illustration 117
Schematic
g01012723
Illustration 118
P2 ECM connector
Test Step 1. Inspect Electrical Connectors Repair: Repair the connectors or wiring and/or
and Wiring replace the connectors or wiring. Ensure that all
of the seals are properly in place and ensure that
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. the connectors are completely coupled.
B. Thoroughly inspect the J2/P2 ECM connector and Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
the solenoid connector. Refer to Troubleshooting,
“Electrical Connectors - Inspect” for details. STOP.
C. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on each of the Test Step 2. Determine the Condition that
wires in the ECM connector and the solenoid is Present
connector.
A. Connect the Caterpillar Electronic Technician
D. Check the ECM connector (allen head screw) for (Cat ET) to the data link connector.
the proper torque of 6 N·m (55.0 lb in).
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
E. Check the harness and wiring for abrasion and
for pinch points. C. Access the “Special Tests” under the “Service”
menu.
Expected Result:
D. Start the “Intake Valve Actuation Pressure
All connectors, pins, and sockets are completely Solenoid Test” on Cat ET.
coupled and/or inserted and the harness and wiring
are free of corrosion, of abrasion, or of pinch points. E. Once Cat ET displays the status of the intake
valve actuation pressure solenoid, stop the
Results: “Intake Valve Actuation Pressure Solenoid Test”.
309
Troubleshooting Section
• Open – The test indicated “Not Active: Device The resistance is less than 15 Ohms for 12 volt
Open”. Proceed to Test Step 3. systems and the resistance is less than 50 Ohms
for 24 volt systems.
• Short – The test indicated “Not Active: Device
Short”. Proceed to Test Step 6. Results:
Test Step 3. Short the Wires at the • OK – The resistance is within the specifications.
Solenoid
Repair: Inspect the solenoid connector, terminals,
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. and wiring.
Note: It is important to cycle the key switch between Verify that all of the connectors, terminals, and
steps when the “Intake Valve Actuation Pressure wiring are OK.
Solenoid Test” is used.
If the problem is intermittent refer to
B. Disconnect the intake valve actuation pressure Troubleshooting, “Electrical Connectors -
solenoid at the solenoid connector. Inspect”.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. F. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
B. Use a multimeter to measure the resistance G. Access the “Special Tests” under the “Service”
between terminal 1 and terminal 2 of the intake menu.
valve actuation pressure solenoid.
310
Troubleshooting Section
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. • Not OK – There is a short circuit in the solenoid.
Note: It is important to cycle the key switch between Repair: Temporarily connect a new solenoid.
steps when the “Intake Valve Actuation Pressure
Solenoid Test” is used. If the new solenoid fixes the problem, reconnect
the suspect solenoid.
B. Disconnect the intake valve actuation pressure
solenoid at the solenoid connector. If the problem returns, permanently replace the
solenoid.
C. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
D. Access the “Special Tests” under the “Service”
menu. STOP.
E. Start the “Intake Valve Actuation Pressure Test Step 8. Create an Open at the ECM
Solenoid Test” on Cat ET.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
F. Once Cat ET displays the status of the intake
valve actuation pressure solenoid, stop the Note: It is important to cycle the key switch between
“Intake Valve Actuation Pressure Solenoid Test”. steps when the “Intake Valve Actuation Pressure
Solenoid Test” is used.
Expected Result:
B. Disconnect the P2 ECM connector.
The test indicates “Not Active: Device Open”.
311
Troubleshooting Section
C. Remove the wires from P2:31 (Intake valve E. Insert one of the jumper wires into P2:31 and
acutation pressure solenoid) and P2:53 (Solenoid P701:1.
common).
F. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
D. Reconnect the P2 ECM connector.
G. Access the “Special Tests” under the “Service”
E. Turn the key switch to the ON position. menu.
F. Access the “Special Tests” under the “Service” H. Start the “Intake Valve Actuation Pressure
menu. Solenoid Test” on Cat ET.
G. Start the “Intake Valve Actuation Pressure I. Once Cat ET displays the status of the intake
Solenoid Test” on Cat ET. valve actuation pressure solenoid, stop the
“Intake Valve Actuation Pressure Solenoid Test”.
H. Once Cat ET displays the status of the intake
valve actuation pressure solenoid, stop the J. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
“Intake Valve Actuation Pressure Solenoid Test”.
Note: It is important to cycle the key switch between
Expected Result: steps when the “Intake Valve Actuation Pressure
Solenoid Test” is used.
The test indicates “Not Active: Device Open”.
K. Disconnect the P2 ECM connector and the
Results: P701 Intake valve actuation pressure solenoid
connector.
• OK – The test indicates “Not Active: Device
Open”. Proceed to Test Step 9. L. Remove the wire from P2:53 (Solenoid common)
and P701:2 (Solenoid common).
• Not OK – The test indicates “Not Active: Device
Short”. M. Insert the other jumper wire into P2:53 and
P701:2.
Repair: Temporarily connect a test ECM.
N. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
If the test ECM fixes the problem, reconnect the
suspect ECM. O. Access the “Special Tests” under the “Service”
menu.
If the problem returns, permanently replace the
ECM. P. Start the “Intake Valve Actuation Pressure
Solenoid Test” on Cat ET.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Q. Once Cat ET displays the status of the intake
STOP. valve actuation pressure solenoid, stop the
“Intake Valve Actuation Pressure Solenoid Test”.
Test Step 9. Bypass the Harness
Expected Result:
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
The test indicates “Active” with one or both of the
Note: It is important to cycle the key switch between jumper wires in place.
steps when the “Intake Valve Actuation Pressure
Solenoid Test” is used. Results:
B. Disconnect the P2 ECM connector and the • OK – The bypass harness repaired the problem.
P701 Intake valve actuation pressure solenoid
connector. Repair: Repair the suspect wires or replace the
suspect wires.
C. Remove the wire from P2:31 (Intake valve
acutation pressure solenoid) and P701:1 (Intake Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
valve acutation pressure solenoid).
STOP.
D. Fabricate two jumper wires that can reach from
the ECM to the intake valve actuation pressure • Not OK – The bypass harness did not repair the
solenoid. problem.
312
Troubleshooting Section
STOP.
i01942354
g00943145
Illustration 119
C11 and C13 schematic
313
Troubleshooting Section
C15 schematic
g00964611
Illustration 121
P2 ECM connector
Test Step 1. Inspect Electrical Connectors Repair: Repair the connectors and/or the wiring.
and Wiring
STOP.
A. Inspect the J2/P2 ECM connector, the front valve
cover connector, the rear valve cover connector, Test Step 2. Perform the “Intake Valve
and the wiring associated with the intake valve Actuator Solenoid Test”
actuator solenoids.
B. Perform a pull test on all of the wires that are A. Connect thethe
(Cat ET) to Caterpillar
data linkElectronic
connector.Technician
associated with the suspect solenoid.
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
Expected Result:
Note: Do not start the engine.
All the connectors and wiring are OK.
C. Access the “Intake Valve Actuator Solenoid Test”
Results: in the “Special Tests” under the “Service” menu.
• Not OK
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Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
g00984926
Illustration 122
Valve cover connectors for C11 and C13 engines
315
Troubleshooting Section
g00984927
Illustration 123
Valve cover connectors for C15 engines
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. C. Inspect the terminals on the J2 and P2 ECM
connectors for damage.
B. Disconnect the valve cover connector for the
suspect solenoid. Note: Refer to the Figure 121 for pin locations.
C. Inspect the terminals on the valve cover and the D. Remove the return wire and the common wire for
valve cover connector for damage. the suspect solenoid from the P2 ECM connector.
Note: Refer to the Figure 119 and Figure 120. E. Fabricate a jumper wire in order to short the two
pins for the suspect solenoid at the ECM. Crimp
D. Fabricate a jumper wire in order to short the two a socket to each end of the jumper wire. Insert
wires for the suspect solenoid on the harness. the jumper wire into the P2 ECM connector.
E. Turn the key switch to the ON position. F. Reconnect the J2/P2 ECM connector.
F. Start the “Intake Valve Actuator Solenoid Test” G. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
on Cat ET.
H. Start the “Intake Valve Actuator Solenoid Test”
Note: Disconnecting the valve cover connector will on Cat ET.
cause the other solenoids to be “Open” during the
“Intake Valve Actuator Solenoid Test”. Expected Result:
316
Troubleshooting Section
If the test ECM repairs the problem, reconnect Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
the suspect ECM.
STOP.
If the problem returns, replace the ECM.
• Not OK – There is still an “Open”. There is a
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. problem in the harness between the solenoid and
the valve cover.
STOP.
Repair: Repair the harness.
Test Step 5. Create a Short Circuit at the
Solenoid Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
B. Remove the valve cover. Test Step 6. Create an Open Circuit at the
Valve Cover
C. Disconnect the connector on the suspect
solenoid. A. Disconnect the valve cover connector for the
suspect solenoid.
D. Inspect the terminals on the solenoid connector
for damage. B. Check the valve cover connector for moisture.
E. Fabricate a jumper wire in order to short the two C. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
wires for the suspect solenoid on the solenoid
connector. Crimp a pin to each end of the jumper D. Start the “Intake Valve Actuator Solenoid Test”
wire. on Cat ET.
F. Make sure that the solenoid connector securely Note: Disconnecting the valve cover connector
holds the jumper wire. will cause some of the other solenoids to be open
during the “Intake Valve Actuator Solenoid Test”.
Note: Worn and/or damaged terminals on the
solenoid connector could cause an intermittent Expected Result:
“Open”.
The “Short” changes to a “Open” when the valve
G. Turn the key switch to the ON position. cover connector is disconnected.
• OK – The “Open” changes to a “Short”. There is Test Step 7. Create an Open Circuit at the
a problem with the solenoid. ECM
Repair: Temporarily connect a new intake valve A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
actuator unit.
B. Disconnect the J2/P2 ECM connector.
If the new intake valve actuator unit repairs the
problem, reconnect the suspect intake valve C. Check the J2/P2 ECM connector for moisture.
actuator unit.
D. Remove the return wire for the suspect solenoid
If the problem returns, replace the intake valve from the P2 ECM connector.
actuator unit.
E. Reconnect the J2/P2 ECM connector.
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Troubleshooting Section
G. Start the “Intake Valve Actuator Solenoid Test” Repair: Temporarily connect a new intake valve
on Cat ET. actuator unit.
Expected Result: If the new intake valve actuator unit repairs the
problem, reconnect the suspect intake valve
The “Short” changes to an “Open” when the return actuator unit.
wire is removed from the P2 ECM connector.
If the problem returns, replace the intake valve
Results: actuator unit.
• OK – The “Short” changes to an “Open” when Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
the return wire is removed from the P2 ECM
connector. There is a problem in the harness STOP.
between the ECM and the valve cover.
• Not OK – There is still a “Short”. There is a
Repair: Repair the harness. problem with the harness between the solenoid
and the valve cover.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Repair: Repair the harness.
STOP.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
• Not OK – There is still a “Short”. STOP.
Repair: Temporarily connect a test ECM.
i01921851
If the test ECM repairs the problem, reconnect
the suspect ECM. Intake Valve Actuator
If the problem returns, replace the ECM. Response - Test
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. SMCS Code: 5479-038-IL
Test Step 8. Create an Open Circuit at the “Intake Valve Actuator Test”
Solenoid The “Intake Valve Actuator Test” can be used
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. to troubleshoot mechanical problems with the
intake valve actuators. When the test is active,
B. Remove the valve cover. the Caterpillar Electronic Technician (Cat ET) will
disable the injectors for three cylinders. Cat ET will
C. Disconnect the connector on the suspect then turn on one of the intake valve actuators for
solenoid. one of the remaining cylinders. Cat ET monitors
the fuel position in order to determine if the intake
D. Inspect the solenoid connector for damage. valve actuator is working properly. Once the test is
complete, Cat ET will display “OK” or “Not OK” next
E. Turn the key switch to the ON position. to each cylinder number.
F. Start the “Intake Valve Actuator Solenoid Test” Test Step 1. Check the Engine Oil Level
on Cat ET.
A. Stop the engine. Allow the engine to cool.
Expected Result:
B. Check the engine oil level.
The “Short” changes to a “Open” when the solenoid
connector is disconnected. Expected Result:
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Troubleshooting Section
Repair: Verify that the dipstick is calibrated E. Verify that the oil pressure is above the trip point
correctly. Refer to Operation and Maintenance in Illustration 124 or Illustration 125.
Manual, “Engine Oil Level Gauge - Calibrate”.
F. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
Proceed to Test Step 3.
Expected Result:
Results:
g00997504
Illustration 124
• OK – There are no visible oil leaks on the engine.
C11 and C13 oil pressure map
Repair: Operate the engine under the same
conditions that caused the problem. Verify that
the low oil level caused the problem.
STOP.
STOP.
C. Start the engine and allow the engine to warm Expected Result:
up to operating temperature.
The engine oil pressure is above the trip point.
D. Monitor the status for “Engine Oil Pressure” on
Cat ET while the engine is operated throughout Results:
the rpm range. Also check the oil pressure
gauge in the cab. • OK – The engine oil pressure is OK. Proceed to
Test Step 4.
319
Troubleshooting Section
Repair: If there are any active diagnostic There are no active diagnostic codes or logged
codes that are related to low oil pressure, refer diagnostic codes for the intake valve actuation oil
to the appropriate topic in Troubleshooting, pressure solenoid.
“Troubleshooting with a Diagnostic Code”.
Results:
If there are no diagnostic codes that are related
to low oil pressure, refer to Testing and Adjusting, • OK – The intake valve actuation oil pressure
“Engine Oil Pressure - Test”. solenoid is operating correctly. STOP.
• 283-07 Intake Valve Actuation Oil Pressure not Repair: Replace the intake valve actuation oil
responding pressure solenoid.
• 285-07 to 290-07 Intake Valve Actuator not Clear all logged diagnostic codes.
responding
Start the engine and allow the engine to run for
• 358-01 Low Intake Valve Actuation System at least 30 seconds once the engine coolant
Oil Pressure temperature is greater than 20 C (68 F).
• 283-07 – Proceed to Test Step 5. If there is still a diagnostic code, call an Engine
Technical Communicator (TC).
• 285-07 to 290-07 – Proceed to Test Step 9.
STOP.
• 385-01 – Proceed to Test Step 6.
Test Step 6. Check the System Pressure
• Not OK – None of the diagnostic codes are
logged. STOP. A. Start the engine. Allow the engine to warm up
to operating temperatures. Coolant temperature
Test Step 5. Check the Intake Valve should be greater than 60 C (140.0 F).
B. Remove the intake valve actuation oil pressure C. After you adhere to the warnings, start the
solenoid from the engine. automatic “Intake Valve Actuator Test”.
C. Inspect the solenoid and clean the solenoid. Note: The test will cycle two times. Once the test is
complete the engine speed will increase to 2100
D. Reinstall the solenoid. rpm for 15 seconds. An “OK” or “Not OK” will be
displayed once the test is complete.
E. Turn the keyswitch to the ON position.
Expected Result:
F. Clear all logged diagnostic codes.
All cylinders indicate “Not OK” during the “Intake
G. Start the engine and allow the engine to run for Valve Actuator Test”.
at least 30 seconds once the engine coolant
temperature is greater than 20 C (68 F).
320
Troubleshooting Section
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. B. Inspect the check valve. Look for debris that
could cause the check valve to stick. Also check
B. Disconnect the front valve cover connector and that the parts are in good repair.
the rear valve cover connector.
Expected Result:
C. Disconnect the intake valve actuation pressure
solenoid. The check valve is OK.
E. Wipe all of the engine oil away from the following • OK – The check valve is OK.
components:
Repair: Replace the intake valve actuation oil
• Face seals for the intake valve actuators pressure sensor.
• Intake valve actuation oil pressure solenoid Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
• OK – No leaks were detected. Proceed to Test B. Access the “Intake Valve Actuator Test” in the
Step 8. “Diagnostic Tests” under the “Diagnostic” menu.
• Not OK – A leak was detected. C. After you adhere to the warnings, start the
automatic “Intake Valve Actuator Test”.
Repair: Determine the source of the leak.
Note: The test will cycle two times. Once the test is
Repair the leak. complete the engine speed will increase to 2100
rpm for 15 seconds. An “OK” or “Not OK” will be
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. displayed once the test is complete.
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Troubleshooting Section
B. Allow the engine to cool. G. Check for oil leaks around all of the components
under the valve cover.
C. Remove the valve cover(s) from the engine.
Expected Result:
D. Check the lash settings for the intake valve
actuators. Refer to Testing and Adjusting for the There are no detected leaks.
proper procedure.
Note: Oil may leak from the bleed orifice on the
Expected Result: intake valve actuator assembly.
Repair: Adjust the lash settings. Refer to Testing Repair the leak.
and Adjusting for the proper procedure.
Verify that the repair eliminated the problem.
Repeat the “Intake Valve Actuator Test”.
STOP.
If all cylinders indicate “OK”, return the vehicle to
the customer. Test Step 12. Check the Check Valve
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. Note: Do not perform this procedure on engines
with serial numbers (S/N: KCB1-512) and (S/N:
If one or more cylinders indicate “Not OK” KCA1-454).
proceed to Test Step 11.
A. Remove the intake valve actuation system check
Test Step 11. Perform a Leak Test valve. Refer to Disassembly and Assembly,
“Check Valve - Remove”.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
B. Inspect the check valve. Look for debris that
B. Disconnect the front valve cover connector and could cause the check valve to stick. Also check
the rear valve cover connector. that the parts are in good repair.
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Test Step 13. Inspect the Hardware The multitorque feature is an optional feature that is
available for these engines. The feature requires
Inspect the suspect intake valve actuator unit. unique software. The multitorque feature provides
an otherwise standard engine with two different
A. Remove the suspect intake valve actuator. torque curves.
functions The torque
as a standard curve The
engine. for the lower
torque gears
curve
B. Inspect the face seal for damage. for the top gears shows additional torque. The
transmission ratio determines the top gears. In the
C. Inspect the intake valve actuator for damage. top gears, the engine is provided with additional
torque. This additional torque is typically 136 N·m
D. Check for debris in the intake valve actuator (100 lb ft).
assembly.
The ECM determines when the vehicle is in the
Expected Result: top gears by sensing the ratio of engine speed to
vehicle speed. The engine will operate with the
The intake valve actuators are free of debris and higher torque curve if the ratio of engine speed to
the face seals are OK. vehicle speed is within the specified range.
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Troubleshooting Section
• OK – Proceed to Test Step 2. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
324
Troubleshooting Section
• “PTO Vehicle Speed Limit” A service brake pedal position (Switch 1) is required
for all configurations. The service brake pedal
The vehicle speed calibration can also affect position (Switch 1) connects to the ECM through
the cruise control, the idle set speed, and the connector P1:45. The service brake pedal position
PTO if the vehicle speed calibration is incorrectly (Switch 2) connects to the ECM through connector
programmed. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Customer P1:64. The neutral switch connects to the ECM
Specified Parameters”. through connector P1:62.
Table 149
Switch Usage.
Setting For
Transmission Service Service
Style Brake Brake
Clutch Neutral
Parameter Switch Switch
1 2
Manual
X X
Option 1
Automatic
X
Option 1
Automatic
X X
Option 2
Automatic
X X X
Option 3
Automatic
X X
Option 4
Eaton Top 2 X X
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Troubleshooting Section
g00646460
Illustration 126
Schematic for transmission neutral switch
• “PTO Configuration”
• “PTO Vehicle Speed Limit”
D. Ensure that the vehicle is not experiencing
a problem due to one of these parameters.
Refer to Troubleshooting, “Customer Specified
Parameters” for a description of the parameters,
if necessary.
• Cruise Kickout
• Idle Kickout
• PTO Kickout
Expected Result:
326
Troubleshooting Section
g00705233
Illustration 127
Expected Result:
327
Troubleshooting Section
A. Access the status screen on the electronic B. For an intermittent idle kickout, talk to the driver
service tool. in order to determine the conditions when the
kickout occurs. A topic of examination could be
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position. the following example:
C. Shift the transmission into the Neutral position • Specific engine rpm
while the status for the “Transmission Neutral
Switch” is being observed. Also, shift out of Start the engine. Duplicate these conditions and
neutral while the status for the “Transmission set the idle rpm. Operate the vehicle in idle until
Neutral Switch” is being observed. the problem reoccurs.
Note: If the status indicates “Not Installed”, check Note: The status screen on the electronic service
the programming of the “Transmission Style” tool will only indicate the last kickout. The status
parameter. The “Transmission Style” must be screen on the electronic service tool will lose this
programmed to “Automatic Option 3” or “Automatic information if the key switch is turned OFF.
Option 4”.
C. Connect the electronic service tool and check
Expected Result: the status screen for the last cause of the kickout.
The switch status changes per the information in D. If the status screen on the electronic service tool
Table 150. is blank, then either there was no kickout of the
cruise control, or the power to the ECM was
Results: turned off before the information could be read.
Repeat this test step.
• OK – The switch is operating normally. STOP.
Note: A status screen that is blank indicates No
• Intermittent Problem Suspected – Proceed to Test Occurrence.
Step 4.
Expected Result:
• Not OK – The ECM is not reading the switch
status change. Proceed to Test Step 5. RESULT 1 The status for the kickout displays the
following result:
Test Step 4. Operate the Vehicle and
Check the Kickout Status Parameter • “Neutral”
A. For an intermittent cruise control kickout, talk to RESULT 2 The status for the kickout displays the
the driver in order to determine the conditions following result:
when the
could kickout
be the occurs.
following Topics of examination
examples: • “Switch Turned Off”
• Specific Speed RESULT 3 The status for the kickout displays the
following result:
• Road Conditions
• “Brake”
• Weather Conditions
RESULT 4 The status for the kickout displays the
Take the vehicle for a road test in order to following result:
duplicate these conditions and set the cruise
control. Operate the vehicle in cruise control until • “Vehicle Speed < Limit”
the problem reoccurs.
• “Bad Vehicle Speed”
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Troubleshooting Section
Troubleshooting, “Cruise Control Switch Circuit - C. Disconnect the P1 ECM connector from the ECM.
Test”
D. Connect a 140-2266 Cable (Seventy-Pin
STOP. Breakout) between the P1 ECM connector and
the ECM.
• Result 3
E. Install the jumper into terminal 62 (Neutral
Repair: Perform the following diagnostic Switch) of the breakout T. Connect the other
procedure: end of the jumper to terminal 52 (Unswitched
+Battery) of the breakout T.
Troubleshooting, “Service Brake Pedal Position
(Switch 1) Circuit - Test” F. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
• Result 6
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Troubleshooting Section
7. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. D. Insert the jumper wire between the two terminals
in the engine side of the bulkhead connector.
STOP.
E. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
Test Step 6. Insert a Jumper at the Neutral
Switch F. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
link connector.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
G. Access the status screen on the electronic
B. Ensure that the J1/P1 ECM connector is service tool.
connected.
H. While the switch status is being monitored,
C. Find the neutral switch in the vehicle. alternately remove the jumper wire between the
two terminals, and alternately insert the jumper
D. Disconnect the wires from the neutral switch wire between the two terminals.
terminals.
Expected Result:
E. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
When the jumper wire is installed, the status for
F. Connect the electronic service tool to the data the “Transmission Neutral Switch” is “On”. When
link connector. the jumper wire is removed, the status for the
“Transmission Neutral Switch” is “Off”.
G. Access the status screen on the electronic
service tool. Results:
H. While the status for the “Transmission Neutral • OK – The problem is in the vehicle wiring
Switch” is being monitored, connect the switch between the bulkhead connector and the switch.
wires and disconnect the switch wires.
Repair: Perform the following repair:
Expected Result:
Inspect the vehicle wiring and repair the vehicle
When the switch wires are connected, the status for wiring, as required. If the problem still exists with
the “Transmission Neutral Switch” is “On”. When the the wiring, send the vehicle to the OEM dealer.
switch wires are disconnected, the status for the
“Transmission Neutral Switch” is “Off”. STOP.
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Troubleshooting Section
System Operation Description: The power train data link is designed to offer
electronically controlled Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS),
Use this procedure under the following situation: traction control systems, and/or transmission
controls. This is accomplished by a momentary
One of the following diagnostic codes are active: reduction of engine rpm and/or engine torque, that
is triggered by a signal from an off-engine control
• 231-02 J1939 Data Incorrect module for the ABS, the traction control, or the
transmission. An off-engine control module is a
• 231-12 J1939 Device Not Responding control module that is not part of the Caterpillar
engine control system.
Also, use this procedure when a feature that uses
the J1939 data link is not operating correctly. The Any combination of the following systems may be
following features can be configured to use the installed together on a vehicle:
J1939 data link:
• Traction Control
• “Adaptive Cruise Control Enable”
• Transmission Control
• “Fan Overide Switch”
• ABS
• “Diagnostic Enable”
The required components are installed at the OEM
• “PTO On/Off Switch” when the vehicle is built.
• “Remote PTO Set Switch” Power train data link sensors, off-engine control
modules, and wiring are installed by the vehicle
• “Remote PTO Resume Switch” OEM. Refer to the vehicle OEM for questions that
are related to these components.
• “PTO Engine RPM Set Speed Input A”
Anti-Lock Brake Systems (ABS)
• “Two-Speed Axle Switch”
The “Power Train Data Link” may be used by an
• “Cruise Control On/Off Switch” anti-lock brake system (ABS) in order to disable the
engine retarder when the anti-lock brake control
• “Cruise Control Set/Resume/Accel/Decel Switch” determines that the engine retarder should be
disabled. This is usually achieved when the ABS
• “Cruise Control Pause Switch” system is active.
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Troubleshooting Section
Transmission Control
• Engine rpm
• Load
The sensors for power train control provide signals
to the vehicle control module of the “Power Train
Data Link”. The vehicle control module of the “Power
Train Data Link” then communicates with the engine
ECM. The engine ECM receives a request from the
“Power Train Data Link”. The engine ECM responds
by momentarily limiting the following characteristics:
• Engine rpm
• Torque
• Both Engine rpm and Torque
The presence of an active J1939 data link circuit
can be determined by observing the “Power Train
Status” screen on the electronic service tool. The
status screen will display “Installed” if the proper
software is installed in the ECM, and there is no
action that is being requested at that time by any of
the control modules on the data link.
g00941844
Illustration 128
Schematic for Power train data link
332
Troubleshooting Section
g00714306
Illustration 129
Diagnostic connectors
Refer to Illustration 130. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
333
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
Test
Link Step 3. Verify that the J1939 Data
is Utilized
g00941851
Illustration 130
P1 ECM connector
B. Verify that the J1939 data link is used for the • OK – The J1939 data link is utilized.
power train or for switch inputs to the ECM.
Repair: Verify that the suspect component is also
Expected Result: utilizing the J1939 data link. Configure the ECM
to reflect the actual wiring.
The J1939 data link is used for the power train or
for switch inputs to the ECM. Proceed to Test Step 4.
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STOP.
g00947090
Illustration 131
Bypass harness
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. G. Inspect the communications adapter II. Verify
that the indicator for the J1939 data link on the
Note: This step is only applicable to service tools communications adapter is illuminated.
that use the communications adapter II.
Expected Result:
Connect a bypass
B. connector. Refer to harness to 131.
Illustration the J1 ECM The ECM is setup for the J1939 data link and the
indicator is illuminated.
C. Connect the electronic service tool to the bypass
harness. Results:
D. Turn the key switch to the ON position. • OK – The ECM is functioning properly.
E. Access “WinFlash” on the electronic service tool. Repair: Inspect the wiring for the J1939 data link.
F. Verify that the electronic service tool is setup for Repair any faulty wiring or replace any faulty
the J1939 data link during the connection. wiring.
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Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result: Switch for “PTO Engine RPM Set Speed Input A”
All of the J1939 components are communicating The switch for the “PTO Engine RPM Set Speed
properly. Input A” is used to control engine RPM during
PTO operation. The “PTO Engine RPM Set Speed
Results: A” parameter requires an engine RPM to be
programmed. The “PTO Engine RPM Set Speed
• OK – All of the J1939 components are A” parameter is located in the “Dedicated PTO
communicating properly. Parameter Group”. The “PTO Engine RPM Set
Speed Input A” status is located in the “Input
Repair: If a particular component is the problem, Selections Parameter Group”. The engine will ramp
verify that the parameter is programmed correctly up to the engine rpm that is programmed under
on the “Configuration” screen. the following conditions:
If the response is abnormal, send the vehicle to • The switch for the “PTO Engine RPM Set Speed
the OEM dealer for repairs. Input A” is in the ON position and the PTO On/Off
switch is then turned on.
STOP.
• The switch for the “PTO Engine RPM Set Speed
• Not OK – One or more components indicate that Input A” is turned to the ON position when the
there is no communication. PTO On/Off switch is on.
Repair: Inspect the wiring that is associated with The “PTO Configuration” must be programmed to
the suspect component. “Cab Switches”, “Remote Switches”, or “Remote
Throttle” for this feature to function. The PTO On/Off
Repair any faulty wiring or replace any faulty switch or the switch for the “PTO Engine RPM
wiring. Set Speed Input A” must be cycled from the OFF
position to the ON position in order to return to the
If the wiring is not the problem, send the vehicle programmed engine rpm if the PTO operation is
to the OEM for repairs. disabled. If the “PTO Engine RPM Set Speed Input
A” parameter is programmed to None (default), this
STOP. feature is not used. If the “PTO Engine RPM Set
Speed Input A” parameter is programmed to one of
the available inputs (J1/P1:6, J1/P1:46, J1/P1:58,
J1/P1:60), the feature is available. Also, the switch
circuit should be connected to the same input.
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g00683014
Illustration 132
This illustration represents the schematic for the “PTO Engine RPM Set Speed Input A” switch circuit.
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Troubleshooting Section
g00683021
Illustration 133
This illustration represents the schematic for the “PTO Engine RPM Set Speed Input B” switch circuit.
g00683028
Illustration 134
Terminal Locations for ECM
Test Step 1. Check the Electrical D. Check the harness and the wiring for abrasion
Connectors and the Wiring and pinch points from the battery to the ECM.
Then, check from the ignition key switch to the
A. Thoroughly inspect the J1/P1 ECM connector, ECM.
the connectors, and the firewall bulkhead
connectors. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Electrical Refer to Illustration 134 for terminal locations
Connectors - Inspect” for details. for the ECM.
338
Troubleshooting Section
Results:
STOP.
Expected Result:
Results:
339
Troubleshooting Section
g00683037
Illustration 135
Connector for Breakout T
A. Turn the ignition key switch to the OFF position. 4. If the problem returns with the suspect ECM,
replace the ECM.
B. Install a breakout T to the J1/P1 ECM connector.
STOP.
C. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long.
Crimp a Deutsch pin to each end of the wire. Test Step 4. Insert a Jumper Wire at the
Switch
D. Insert the jumper wire into the suspect switch
socket of the breakout T. Connect the other A. Turn the ignition key switch to the OFF position.
end of the jumper wire to terminal 5 (AP
Sensor/Switch Common) in the breakout T. B. Reconnect the J1/P1 ECM connector.
E. Connect Cat ET to the data link connector. C. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long.
Crimp a Deutsch pin to each end of the wire.
F. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
D. Insert the jumper wire between the two switch
G. Alternately remove the jumper wire and then terminals.
insert the jumper wire from terminal 5. At the
same time, monitor the status screen on Cat ET. E. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
2. Repeat this Test Step. Replace the switch. Verify that the repair
eliminates the problem.
3. If the problem is resolved with the test ECM,
reconnect the suspect ECM. STOP.
340
Troubleshooting Section
• Not OK – There is a problem in the wire harness A programmable parameter for the PTO shutdown
between the switch and the ECM. Proceed to Test timer is provided. This timer will shut down the
Step 5. engine when all of the following conditions are met:
Test Step 5. Insert a Jumper Wire at the • The PTO shutdown timer has expired.
Bulkhead Connector
• The “PTO Shutdown Time” parameter is
A. Turn the ignition key switch to the OFF position. programmed to at least three minutes.
B. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long. • The PTO On/Off switch is on and the ECM is in
Crimp a Deutsch pin to each end of the wire. the dedicated PTO mode.
C. Locate the suspect switch socket in the engine • The engine is not in the cold mode.
side of the ECM bulkhead connector.
During the last 90 seconds of the PTO shutdown
D. Insert the wire jumper pin between the switch timer, the check engine lamp will begin flashing. If
socket and the sensor common connection. the vehicle is equipped with a PTO switch on lamp,
Install the jumper wire on the engine side of the the PTO switch on lamp will begin flashing during
ECM bulkhead connector. the last 90 seconds.
E. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position. If the PTO shutdown timer is activated and the timer
stops the engine, the following event code will be
F. Alternately connect and then disconnect the generated.
jumper wire. At the same time, monitor the status
screen on Cat ET. • 71-14 PTO Shutdown
Expected Result: Note: Fuel rates are not monitored while the PTO
shutdown timer is active. Shutdown will occur
The switch status changes from “ON” with the regardless of load. Unlike the idle shutdown timer,
jumper wire in place. The switch status changes to the PTO shutdown timer cannot be overridden by
“OFF” when the jumper wire is removed. using the clutch pedal or the brake pedal.
341
Troubleshooting Section
C. Start the engine. Allow the engine to warm up b. Record the programmed PTO shutdown time.
until the coolant temperature is 38 C (100 F).
E. Use the following procedure in order to check C. Observe the following items during the 90 second
the operation of the PTO shutdown: period before the programmed shutdown time:
Result 2 The ECM is not reading the proper Result 2 The PTO switch on lamp did not flash.
conditions for activation of the timer.
Result 3 The check engine lamp did not flash.
Results:
Results:
• Result 1 – The ECM is reading the proper
conditions for the activation of the PTO shutdown • Result 1 – The PTO shutdown timer is operating
timer. Proceed to Test Step 2. properly. Clear all diagnostic codes. STOP.
• Result 2 – Proceed to Test Step 3. • Result 2 – “PTO Switch On Lamp” did not flash
during the driver alert.
Test Step 2. Verify the Driver Alert
Function of the PTO Shutdown Repair: Perform the following diagnostic
procedure: Troubleshooting, “PTO Switch ON
A. Connect the electronic service tool to the data Lamp Circuit - Test”
link connector.
STOP.
B. Use the following procedure in order to activate
the PTO shutdown timer: • Result 3 – The check engine lamp did not flash
during the driver alert.
a. Access the configuration screen on the
electronic service tool. Access the following Repair: Perform the following diagnostic
display screens in order: procedure:
342
Troubleshooting Section
Note: The status screen on the electronic service The following background information is related
tool will indicate if the cold mode is active. to this procedure:
c. Ensure that the PTO On/Off switch is on. PTO Shutdown Timer
Repair: Perform the following diagnostic During the last 90 seconds of the PTO shutdown
procedure: Troubleshooting, “Vehicle Speed timer, the check engine lamp will begin flashing. If
Circuit - Test” the vehicle is equipped with a PTO switch on lamp,
the PTO switch on lamp will begin flashing during
STOP. the last 90 seconds.
• Result 2 – The engine must not be in cold mode If the PTO shutdown timer is activated and the timer
operation while this test procedure is being stops the engine, the following event code will be
performed. Allow the engine to run until the generated.
coolant temperature exceeds 38 C (100 F).
Troubleshoot and repair any related conditions. • 71-14 PTO Shutdown (47)
STOP.
Note: Fuel rates are not monitored while the PTO
• Result 3 – Continue by testing the circuit for the shutdown timer is active. Shutdown will occur
PTO On/Off switch. regardless of load. Unlike the idle shutdown timer,
the PTO shutdown timer cannot be overridden by
Repair: Perform the following diagnostic using the clutch pedal or the brake pedal.
procedure: Troubleshooting, “PTO Switch Circuit -
Test” The following note pertains to the Heavy Duty
Engines (C-10, C11, C-12, C13, 3406E, C15, C-15,
STOP. C-16, and C-18).
343
Troubleshooting Section
Allow the engine to operate at the programmed b. Record the programmed PTO shutdown time.
low idle and turn off any unnecessary accessory The PTO shutdown time must be between 3
devices. and 1440 minutes. If the PTO shutdown time
is programmed to 0, the timer is disabled.
D. Ensure that all unnecessary loads are turned off.
c. Reprogram the PTO shutdown time to 3
E. Use the following procedure in order to check minutes for this test.
the operation of the PTO Shutdown:
C. Observe the following items during the 90 second
a. Park the vehicle. period before the programmed shutdown time:
344
Troubleshooting Section
345
Troubleshooting Section
When the ECM is in the dedicated PTO mode the • Neutral Switch
engine retarder is disabled and the PTO Top Engine
Limit (TEL) and the torque limit are activated. The • Cab Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
engine may proceed directly to the PTO Engine
rpm Set Speed if the parameter is programmed. If a • Cab Cruise Control Set/Resume Switch
PTO Switch ON Lamp is connected to the OUTPUT
1, the PTO Switch ON Lamp will turn on whenever A remote accelerator position sensor is connected
the PTO On/Off circuit is on. to the INPUT 8 when the PTO configuration is
programmed to Remote Throttle.
INPUT 2
INPUT 3
• Neutral Switch
The engine speed can be limited if the “PTO
Configuration” is programmed to “Cab Switches”
and the PTO On/Off switch is in the On position.
The engine speed can be limited by setting the
“PTO Cab Throttle RPM Limit” parameter:
• Low Idle
• PTO Top Engine Limit
• Top Engine Limit
The “PTO Configuration” is set to Remote
Switches or Remote Throttle.
346
Troubleshooting Section
This illustration is for the schematic for “cab switches” for “PTO configuration”.
g00644427
Illustration 137
This illustration is for the schematic for “remote switches” for “PTO configuration”.
347
Troubleshooting Section
This illustration is for the schematic for “remote throttle” for “PTO configuration”.
g00713728
Illustration 139
P1 ECM connector
Test Step 1. Check the Status of the “PTO C. Monitor the status of the “PTO On/Off Switch”
On/Off Switch” while the PTO On/Off switch is moved to the On
position and the Off position.
A. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
link connector.
348
Troubleshooting Section
Monitor the status of the “Cruise Control • OK – The PTO switches are wired directly to the
Set/Resume/Accel/Decel Switch” while the cruise ECM.
control Set/Resume switch is moved to the Set
position and the Resume position. Repair: Verify that the “PTO Configuration”, “PTO
On/Off Switch”, “Remote PTO Set Switch”, and
D. The “PTO Configuration” is programmed to “Remote PTO Resume Switch” parameters are
“Remote Switches” or “Remote Throttle”. programmed to reflect the proper wiring.
Monitor the status of the “Remote PTO Set Proceed to Test Step 4.
Switch” while the PTO Set switch is moved to the
Set position and the Off position. • Not OK – The PTO switches are wired through
the J1939 data link.
Monitor the status of the “Remote PTO Resume
Switch” while the PTO Resume switch is moved Repair: Verify that the “PTO On/Off Switch”,
to the Resume position and the Off position. “Remote PTO Set Switch”, and “Remote PTO
Resume Switch” parameters are programmed
Expected Result: to “J1939 - Body Controller”, “J1939 - Cab
Controller”, or “J1939 - Instrument Cluster”.
The switch status is “Off” when the switch is in the
Off position. The switch status is “Set Switch On” Refer to Troubleshooting, “Powertrain Data Link
when the switch is in the Set position. The switch Circuit - Test”.
status is “Resume Switch On” when the switch is
in the Resume position. STOP.
349
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
STOP.
Test Step 5. Check the Inputs for the PTO
On/Off Switch
g00644480
Illustration 140
ECM breakout T-connector
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. C. Connect a 140-2266 Cable (Seventy-Pin
Breakout) between the J1 and P1 ECM
B. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long. connectors.
Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wire.
D. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
350
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
STOP.
351
Troubleshooting Section
g00713811
Illustration 141
ECM breakout T-connector
g00644513
Illustration 142
ECM breakout T-connector
D. The “PTO Configuration” is programmed to While the status for the “Remote PTO Set Switch”
“Remote Switches” or “Remote Throttle”. and “Remote PTO Resume Switch” is monitored
remove the jumper wire from terminal 58 (Set
Access the status for the “Remote PTO Set Switch) and insert the jumper wire into terminal
Switch” and “Remote PTO Resume Switch” on 60 (Resume Switch).
the electronic service tool.
Refer to Illustration 142.
Insert the jumper wire into terminal 3 and terminal
58 (Set Switch).
352
Troubleshooting Section
Repair: Remove the breakout T and reconnect While the status for the “Remote PTO Set Switch”
the J1 and P1 ECM connector. and “Remote PTO Resume Switch” is monitored,
insert the jumper wire across the terminals of the
Proceed to Test Step 7. set switch. Remove the jumper wire from the
set switch and insert the jumper wire across the
• Not OK – The ECM is not reading the switch terminals of the resume switch.
status change.
Expected Result:
Repair: Perform the following diagnostic
procedure: The switch status is “Off” when the jumper wire
is not installed. The switch status is “Set Switch
1. Temporarily connect a test ECM. On” when the jumper wire is installed between
the terminals for the set switch. The switch status
2. Ensure that the “PTO Configuration” of the test is “Resume Switch On” when the jumper wire is
ECM matches the “PTO Configuration” of the installed between the terminals for the resume
suspect ECM. switch.
Test Step 7. Check the Switch for Proper Repair: Inspect the wiring between the switch and
Operation the ECM. Repair the wiring or replace the wiring.
A. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
353
Troubleshooting Section
Use this procedure to determine that the vehicle J1/P1:60 Input 3 is used for the PTO resume switch
wiring and the ECM are functioning properly for the when the “PTO Configuration” is programmed to
features of Dedicated PTO. “Remote Switches” or “Remote Throttle”. The PTO
resume switch can also be used to decrease engine
The following background information is related rpm.
to this procedure:
The PTO Configuration Is Set To Cab Switches.
INPUT 1
When the “PTO Configuration” is programmed to
J1/P1:56 Input 1 is used for the circuit for the “Cab Switches” and the PTO on/off switch is on, the
PTO on/off switch when the PTO Configuration is following circuits can be used to interrupt a set rpm:
programmed to “Cab Switches”, “Remote Switches”,
or “Remote Throttle”. • Cruise control set/resume switch
When the PTO on/off switch is on, the ECM will be • Service brake pedal position switch 1
in Dedicated PTO mode.
• Service brake pedal position switch 2
When the ECM is in the Dedicated PTO mode the
PTO Top Engine Limit (TEL) is activated. The engine • Clutch pedal position switch
may proceed directly to the PTO engine rpm set
speed if the parameter is programmed. If a PTO • Neutral switch
switch on lamp is connected to the J1/P1:30 Output
1, the PTO switch on lamp will turn on whenever the • Cruise Control Pause Switch
PTO on/off circuit is on.
When the “PTO Configuration” is programmed to
If the problem is with undetermined PTO kickouts, “Cab Switches” and the PTO on/off switch is on, the
use the following procedure: accelerator pedal position sensor that is located
in the cab can be limited to one of the following
Operate the vehicle in PTO mode. settings by using the “PTO Cab Throttle RPM Limit”
parameter:
After the kickout, review the status parameter
onthe electronic service tool. The status parameter • Low idle
indicates the cause of the kickout. This must be
performed before the ignition key switch is turned • PTO Top Engine Limit
off. It is important to remember that the parameter
will only indicate the last kickout since the ECM has • Top engine limit
been powered by the ignition key switch.
The “PTO Configuration” Is Programmed To
This parameter is blank when the ECM is first “Remote Switches” or “Remote Throttle”.
powered up. If this parameter is blank “Not Kicked
Out” is indicated. This parameter remains blank When the “PTO Configuration” is programmed to
until the ECM detects the use of the PTO mode. “Remote Switches” or “Remote Throttle” and the
Also, this parameter remains blank until the ECM PTO on/off switch is on, the following circuits are
detects the disengagement of PTO mode. Refer to ignored:
Table 151 in order to interpret the status parameter.
• Service brake pedal position switch 1
The following kickout status parameter is available:
• Service brake pedal position switch 2
• PTO kickout
• Clutch pedal position switch
PTO interlocks may also be connected in series with
the PTO on/off switch. The interlocks are intended • Neutral switch
to prevent the PTO on/off circuit from activating
unless certain conditions are met. • Accelerator pedal position sensor
INPUT 2 • Cruise control set/resume switch that is located
in the cab
J1/P1:58 Input 2 is used for the PTO set switch
when the “PTO Configuration” is programmed to A remote accelerator pedal position sensor is
“Remote Switches” or “Remote Throttle”. The PTO connected to J1/P1:68 Input 8 when the “PTO
set switch can also be used to increase engine rpm. Configuration” is programmed to “Remote Throttle”.
INPUT 3
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Troubleshooting Section
Table For The PTO Kickout Status Screen On The Electronic Service Tool
Cat ET Meaning or Possible Cause Troubleshooting
Intermittent engine speed signal or lost Refer to Troubleshooting, “Speed/Timing
“No Engine Speed”
engine speed signal. Circuit - Test”.
The PTO On/Off switch is turned OFF or the Proceed with this test procedure.
“Switch Turned Off”
switch circuit has an open circuit condition.
“Cruise Control PAUSE The cruise control pause switch is Refer to Troubleshooting, “Powertrain Data
depressed or there is an illegal message on Link Circuit - Test”.
Switch”
the J1939 data link.
The service brake pedal is depressed or the Refer to Troubleshooting, “Service Brake
“Brake Pedal Depressed” circuit for the service brake switch has an Pedal Position Switch 1 Circuit - Test”.
open circuit condition.
The clutch pedal is depressed or the circuit Refer to Troubleshooting, “Clutch Pedal
for the clutch pedal switch has an open Position Switch Circuit - Test”.
“Clutch Pedal Depressed”
circuit condition. Also, the switch could be
incorrectly adjusted.
The vehicle speed has exceeded the speed Refer to Troubleshooting, “Vehicle Speed
that is programmed into the “PTO Vehicle Circuit - Test” if a problem with the signal
“Vehicle Speed ≥ Limit”
Speed Limit” parameter or the vehicle exists.
speed signal is erratic or intermittent.
The transmission is not in neutral or the Refer to Troubleshooting, “Neutral Switch
“Neutral” transmission neutral switch circuit has an Circuit - Test”.
open circuit condition.
The PTO has not been enabled since the Operate the vehicle in the PTO mode in
“Not Kicked Out”
ECM has been powered up. order to create the problem again.
355
Troubleshooting Section
g00644427
Illustration 144
Circuit schematic for “Remote Switches” configuration
356
Troubleshooting Section
Test Step 1. Use the Electronic Service B. Check the cab glove box for any information
Tool to Check the Programming of the regarding the installation of the PTO. It is
Parameter “Dedicated PTO Parameters” important to understand the location and the
function of the interlock switches for the PTO.
A. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
link connector. C. Contact the installer of the components that are
used for the PTO, if necessary.
B. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
D. Determine the schematic that most closely
C. Access the “Dedicated PTO Parameters” on the matches the installation. Review the schematics
electronic service
the parameter “PTOtool. Note the programming of
Configuration”. in this procedure
specific for each of”of
“PTO Configuration thethe
options
truck.for the
357
Troubleshooting Section
g00713728
Illustration 146
Terminal locations for ECM
• P1/J1:5 Results:
• P1/J1:68
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Troubleshooting Section
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. Test Step 5. Use the electronic service
tool to Check the Status of the
STOP. Set/Resume Input
Test Step 4. Use the Electronic Service Note: The set/resume input increases the engine
Tool to Check the Circuit for the PTO rpm and the set/resume input decreases the engine
On/Off Switch rpm.
A. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position. A. Find the PTO set switch. If the “PTO
Configuration” is programmed to “Cab Switches”,
B. For the input 1 (PTO on/off switch), access the the cruise control set/resume switch will be
electronic service tool status screens that display used. If the “PTO Configuration” is programmed
the following status parameters: to “Remote Switches” or “Remote Throttle”, a
dedicated PTO set switch will be used.
• “PTO Config”
The “PTO Configuration” is programmed to
• “PTO On/Off Switch” “Cab Switches”.
C. Verify that each of the interlocks for the PTO are Look at the status for the “Cruise Control
set. Then, while the electronic service tool status Set/Resume Switch” parameter on the electronic
screen is being monitored move the PTO on/off service tool. The parameter is located on the
switch to the ON position and move the PTO same status screen as the idle switch.
on/off switch to the OFF position.
B. Monitor the status screen of the electronic service
An example of an interlock for the PTO would be tool. Perform the following procedure in order:
a parking brake that is intended to allow the PTO
to control the engine under specific conditions. • Put the cruise control set/resume switch in the
Set position.
Expected Result:
• Release the cruise control set/resume switch
Result 1 The status of the PTO on/off switch on the from the Set position.
electronic service tool changes from “OFF” to “ON”
when the PTO on/off switch is turned to the OFF • Put the cruise control set/resume switch in the
position and the ON position, but the set/resume Resume position.
switch is not operating correctly.
• Release the cruise control set/resume switch
Result 2 The status of the PTO on/off switch on the from the Resume position.
electronic service tool changes from “OFF” to “ON”
when the PTO on/off switch is turned to the OFF The “PTO Configuration” is programmed to
position and the ON position. However, the remote “Remote Switches” or “Remote Throttle”.
accelerator is not operating correctly.
View the status parameter on the electronic
Result 3 The status of the PTO on/off switch on the service tool for the “Remote PTO Set Switch” and
electronic service tool does not change from “OFF” the “Remote PTO Resume Switch”.
to “ON” when the PTO on/off switch is turned to the
OFF position and the ON position. C. While the status screen of the electronic service
tool for the switch is being monitored, perform
Results: the following procedure in order:
• Result 1 – Proceed to Test Step 5. • Put the remote PTO set/resume switch in the
Set position.
• Result 2
• Release the remote PTO set/resume switch
Repair: Perform the following diagnostic from the Set position.
procedure: Troubleshooting, “Remote PTO
Accelerator Position Sensor Circuit - Test” • Put the remote PTO set/resume switch in the
Resume position.
STOP.
• Release the remote PTO set/resume switch
• Result 3 – Proceed to Test Step 6. from the Resume position.
359
Troubleshooting Section
• The status screen for the remote PTO set switch Illustration 147
g00768799
displays “OFF” when the remote PTO set switch
ECM breakout T-connector
is released.
A. Turn the ignition key switch to the OFF position.
• The status of the remote PTO resume switch
displays “OFF” when the remote PTO resume
switch is released.
B. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long.
Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wire.
• The status of the remote PTO set switch changes C. Disconnect vehicle harness connector P1 from
from “OFF” to set switch “ON” when the remote
the ECM.
PTO set switch is moved to the SET position.
D. Connect a breakout T to ECM connector J1 and
• The status of the remote PTO resume switch connect P1 to the breakout T.
changes from “OFF” to resume switch “ON” when
the remote PTO resume switch is moved to the
RESUME position. E. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
link connector.
Results:
F. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
• Yes – The set circuit and the resume circuit are G. Access the “PTO On/Off Switch” status on Cat
functioning correctly. The inputs for the PTO are
ET.
functioning properly. Continue troubleshooting if
the original condition is not resolved. STOP.
H. While the switch status is being observed on the
electronic service tool, install the jumper into
• No (programmed to “Cab Switches”) – The “PTO
Configuration” is programmed to “Cab Switches”. the breakout
J1/P1:3 (inputTsensor
between J1/P1:56
common 2).(input 1) and
Proceed to Test Step 7.
The input 1 is the PTO on/off switch.
• No (programmed to “Remote Switches” or
“Remote Throttle”) – The “PTO Configuration” is
Refer to Illustration 147.
programmed to “Remote Switches” or “Remote
Throttle”. Proceed to Test Step 8.
Expected Result:
360
Troubleshooting Section
• The switch status changes from “OFF” to “ON” Test Step 7. Use the Electronic Service
when the jumper is in place. Tool to Check the Status of the Cruise
Control Set/Resume Switch
• The switch status is “OFF” when the jumper is
removed.
Results:
STOP.
361
Troubleshooting Section
I. While the switch status is being observed on the 3. Remove all jumpers and replace all connectors.
electronic service tool, install the jumper into
the breakout T. This connects P1/J1:44 (resume) 4. Recheck the system for active diagnostic
to P1/J1:5 (AP sensor/switch sensor common). codes.
Also, while the switch status is being observed
on the electronic service tool, remove the jumper 5. Repeat the test step.
from the breakout T. This will disconnect P1/J1:44
(resume) from P1/1:5 (AP sensor/switch sensor 6. If the problem is resolved with the test ECM,
common). reconnect the suspect ECM.
Refer to Illustration 148. 7. If the problem returns with the suspect ECM,
replace the ECM.
Expected Result:
8. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
The switch status of the cruise control set/resume
switch onthe electronic service tool behaves in the STOP.
following manner:
Test Step 8. Use the Electronic Service
• The switch status of the cruise control set/resume Tool to Check the Status of the Remote
switch changes from “OFF” to set switch “ON” PTO Set Switch and the Remote PTO
when the jumper is connected from P1/J1:35 (Set) Resume Switch
to P1/J1:5 (AP sensor/switch sensor common).
• The switch status of the cruise control set/resume
switch is “OFF” when the jumper is removed.
Results:
• Yes – The input for the set switch and the input
for the resume switch of the ECM are functioning
correctly. The problem is in the switches of the
vehicle or the problem is in the wiring of the
vehicle.
• Send the vehicle to the OEM dealer for repair. A. Turn the ignition key switch to the OFF position.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
B. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long.
STOP. Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wire.
C. Disconnect vehicle harness connector P1 from
• No – The ECM is not reading the switch status the ECM.
change.
D. Connect a breakout T to ECM connector J1 and
Repair: Perform the following diagnostic
connect P1 to the breakout T.
procedure:
E. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
1. Temporarily connect a test ECM.
link connector.
2. Ensure that the “PTO Configuration” of the test
ECM matches the “PTO Configuration” of the
F. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
suspect ECM.
362
Troubleshooting Section
• The switch status of the “Remote PTO Set Switch” 5. Repeat the test step.
is “OFF” when the jumper is removed.
6. If the problem is resolved with the test ECM,
• The switch status of the “Remote PTO Set Switch” reconnect the suspect ECM.
changes from “OFF” to set switch “ON” when the
jumper is connected from J1/P1:58 (Input 2) to 7. If the problem returns with the suspect ECM,
J1/P1:3 (Input Sensor Common 2). replace the ECM.
The switch status of the “Remote PTO Resume 8. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Switch” on the electronic service tool behaves in
the following manner: STOP.
363
Troubleshooting Section
Output 1
g00703413
Illustration 150
Schematic for PTO Switch ON Lamp
364
Troubleshooting Section
g00668646
Illustration 151
Terminal locations for ECM
Results:
365
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
• OK – The lamp appears to operating correctly
at this time. STOP.
g00668711
Illustration 152
P1 ECM connector
F. While the lamp is being watched, insert the Result 3 The lamp will stay ON while the ECM
jumper wire and remove the jumper wire. vehicle harness connector is disconnected.
366
Troubleshooting Section
Results:
• Result 3
Repair: Perform the following diagnostic
procedure:
STOP.
g00642533
Illustration 153
ECM Breakout T-connector
A. Disconnect the J1/P1 ECM connector. F. Connect the other probe of the test lamp to
terminal 30 (Output 1) of the breakout T.
B. Insert a breakout T between ECM connector J1
and ECM connector P1. Refer to Illustration 153.
C. Connect one probe of the voltage test lamp to G. Connect Cat ET to the data link connector.
terminal 65 (-Battery). Connect the other probe of Access the following display screens in order:
the voltage test lamp to terminal 52 (Unswitched
+Battery) of the breakout T. • “Diagnostics”
D. The test lamp should turn ON. If the test lamp • “Diagnostic Test”
does not turn on, either the test lamp is faulty or
the wiring to the ECM is faulty. Continue with this • “Special Test”
step if the lamp turns ON.
367
Troubleshooting Section
H. Activate the special test for the PTO Switch ON With OCT99 and newer software, J1:30 (Output
Lamp. Observe the voltage test lamp. The lamp 1) can be used as an output for the PTO Switch
should turn ON when the test is active. Also, the ON Lamp or as an output for the Low Coolant
lamp should turn OFF when the test is inactive. Level Warning Lamp. The parameters should
be programmed to match the desired usage of
Expected Result: the terminal. If the “Engine Monitoring Lamps”
parameter is programmed to Warning Lamp, then
The test lamp turns ON and the test lamp turns OFF output 1 is used for the PTO Switch ON Lamp.
per the above description. If the “Engine Monitoring Lamps” parameter is
programmed to Option 1 and the “Coolant Level
Results: Lamp” parameter is programmed to “4-Pin” or “2
wire Float Sensor”, then output 1 is used for the low
• OK – The ECM is operating correctly. There is a coolant level warning.
problem in the vehicle wiring or the lamp. STOP.
Note: The “PTO Configuration” must be programmed
• Not OK to Cab Switches, Remote Switches, or Remote
Throttle to utilize the PTO Switch ON Lamp. Option
Repair: Temporarily connect a test ECM. Ensure 1 is not available for the GM truck manufacturer.
that the “PTO Configuration” of the test ECM
matches the “PTO Configuration” of the suspect Electrical Connection of Lamps
ECM. Check the ECM operation of the PTO Switch
ON Lamp when the test ECM is installed. If the One terminal of the lamp must be connected to
problem is resolved with the test ECM, reconnect battery voltage through the vehicle wiring. The
the suspect ECM. If the problem returns with the other terminal is connected to the ECM at terminal
suspect ECM, replace the ECM. J1/P1:30.
Terminal 30 (Output 1)
368
Troubleshooting Section
g00703413
Illustration 154
Circuit schematic for PTO Switch On Lamp
g00834964
Illustration 155
Optional circuit for PTO Switch On Lamp
369
Troubleshooting Section
g00668646
Illustration 156
Terminal locations for ECM
Test Step 1. Inspect Electrical Connectors Repair: Repair the connectors or wiring and/or
and Wiring replace the connectors or wiring. Ensure that all
of the seals are properly in place and ensure that
A. Thoroughly inspect ECM connector J1/P1, the the connectors are completely coupled.
firewall bulkhead connector, or the PTO Switch
On Lamp. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Electrical STOP.
Connectors - Inspect” for details.
Test Step 2. Check for Normal Operation
B. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on each of the of the PTO Switch On Lamp
wires in the ECM Connector that are associated
with the PTO Switch On Lamp. A. Use the following procedure for the output 1
(PTO Switch On Lamp).
Refer to Illustration 156.
Connect the electronic service tool to the data
C. Check the ECM connector (allen head screw) for link connector. Access the status screen that
the proper torque of 6.0 N·m (55 lb in). displays the “PTO Configuration” and the PTO
On/Off Switch. The “PTO Configuration” must
D. Check the harness and wiring for abrasion and indicate “Cab Switches”, “Remote Switches”, or
pinch points from the battery to the ECM. “Remote Throttle”. The “PTO Configuration” is
not programmed to turn on the PTO Switch On
Expected Result: Lamp if the “PTO Configuration” parameter is
programmed to “OFF”.
All connectors, pins and sockets should be
completely coupled and/or inserted and the harness While the PTO Switch On Lamp and the status
and wiring should be free of corrosion, abrasion of PTO On/Off Switch is being monitored on
or pinch points. the electronic service tool, turn the PTO On/Off
Switch to the ON position and the OFF position.
Results: The PTO Switch On Lamp should turn on when
the PTO On/Off Switch is in the ON position. Also,
• OK – Proceed to Test Step 2. the PTO Switch On Lamp should turn off when
the PTO On/Off switch is in the OFF position.
• Not OK
http://slide pdf.c om/re a de r/full/c 15-trouble shooting 369/456
5/28/2018 C15 Trouble shooting - slide pdf.c om
370
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
The lamp turns on and the lamp turns off per the
above description.
Results:
ECM connector P1
371
Troubleshooting Section
• Result 3
Repair: Perform the following diagnostic
procedure:
STOP.
g00945932
Illustration 158
ECM breakout T-connector
A. Disconnect ECM connector J1/P1. Note: Use the same procedure to check the
372
Troubleshooting Section
Refer to Illustration 158. Also, use this procedure if the remote accelerator
position sensor is suspected of improper operation.
G. Connect the electronic service tool. Access the
following display screens in order: Remote Accelerator Position Sensor
373
Troubleshooting Section
374
Troubleshooting Section
g00642017
Illustration 159
Schematic for remote accelerator pedal position sensor
375
Troubleshooting Section
g00642018
Illustration 160
Terminal locations for ECM
376
Troubleshooting Section
B. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on each of the • Not OK – The vehicle wiring or the battery is
wires in the ECM connector that are associated causing the problem. Repair the wiring or the
with the remote accelerator position sensor: battery. Replace the wiring or the battery. Perform
the repair that is necessary. Verify that the repair
• J1/P1:3 has fixed the problem. STOP.
• OK – Proceed to Test Step 3. The duty cycle is between 10 and 22 percent with
the accelerator pedal assembly in the low idle
• Not OK position, and the duty cycle is between 75 and 90
percent with the accelerator pedal assembly in the
Repair: Perform the following diagnostic high idle position.
procedure:
Results:
Repair the connectors or wiring and/or replace
the connectors or wiring. Ensure that all of the • OK – The remote accelerator position sensor is
seals are properly in place and ensure that the operating correctly. Proceed to Test Step 5.
connectors are completely coupled.
• Not OK – The remote accelerator position sensor
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. circuit is not operating correctly. Proceed to Test
Step 6.
STOP.
Test Step 5. Check the Status of the
Test Step 3. Check the Supply Voltage for Power Train Data Link
the Remote Accelerator Position Sensor
A. Start the engine. While the status for the “PTO
A. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Accelerator Sensor” is being monitored, depress
the remote PTO accelerator pedal and release
B. Measure the voltage across J406:A and J406:B. the remote PTO accelerator pedal. The throttle
position status and the engine should respond to
Expected Result: the change in the accelerator pedal position.
The measured voltage is between 11.0 VDC and B. Go to the “System Troubleshooting Settings”
13.5 VDC for 12 volt systems. The measured portion of the electronic service tool and turn off
voltage is between 22.0 VDC and 27.0 VDC for 24 the power train data link.
volt systems.
C. While the status of the “PTO Accelerator Sensor”
Results: is being monitored, depress the accelerator
pedal and release the accelerator pedal. Also
• OK – The voltage is OK. Proceed to Test Step 4. depress the accelerator pedal and release the
accelerator pedal while the engine response is
being monitored.
377
Troubleshooting Section
The status of the “PTO Accelerator Sensor” and • OK – Reinsert the signal wire into J406:C. The
the engine should respond to the change in the sensor is working correctly. Proceed to Test Step
accelerator pedal position. 7.
Result 1 The PTO accelerator is functioning • Not OK – Leave the PWM probe connected to
properly. the breakout T. Insert the signal wire into J406:C.
The sensor or the accelerator pedal assembly is
Result 2 The throttle response is limited by a power faulty. Proceed to Test Step 8.
train data link message.
Test Step 7. Check the Duty Cycle of the
Results: Remote Accelerator Position Sensor at
the ECM
• Result 1 – The remote accelerator position sensor
is operating correctly. Continue troubleshooting Note: Performing certain steps within this procedure
until the original condition is resolved. STOP. requires the use of a multimeter that is capable of
measuring a PWM duty cycle.
• Result 2 – If the engine responds with the power
train data link in the OFF position, but not with A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
the power train data link in the ON position,
a component of the power train data link is B. Remove the wire from P1:68 (Remote Accelerator
causing the response problem of the remote Position Sensor) from the ECM connector.
accelerator position sensor. Send the truck to the
vehicle manufacturer in order to repair the faulty C. Connect the multimeter probes between the
component of the power train data link. STOP. removed wire and the ECM sensor common or
ground.
Test Step 6. Check the Duty Cycle of the
Remote Accelerator Position Sensor at D. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
the Sensor
E. Use the multimeter in order to display the duty
Note: Performing certain steps within this procedure cycle output of the accelerator position sensor.
requires the use of a multimeter that is capable of While the duty cycle output of the remote
measuring a PWM duty cycle. accelerator position sensor is being monitored
on the multimeter, move the throttle from the low
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. idle position to the high idle position. Record the
results.
B. Remove the signal wire from J406:C. This is the
vehicle harness side of the connector for the F. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
accelerator position sensor.
G. Insert terminal 68 into the P1/J1 ECM connector.
C. Install a breakout T with 3 terminals at the
connector J406/P406 for the remote accelerator Expected Result:
position sensor.
The duty cycle is between 10 and 22 percent with
D. Connect the multimeter probes to terminal C and the accelerator pedal assembly in the low idle
terminal B of the breakout T. position, and the duty cycle is between 75 and 90
percent with the accelerator pedal assembly in the
E. While the duty cycle is being monitored on the high idle position.
multimeter, depress the accelerator pedal and
release the accelerator pedal. Results:
378
Troubleshooting Section
379
Troubleshooting Section
g00642019
Illustration 161
(1) Mounting screw holes (3) Sensor housing (5) Accelerator pedal assembly
(2) Sensor slot (4) Mounting surface for sensor (6) Accelerator block assembly
380
Troubleshooting Section
C. Remove terminal C (Accelerator Pedal Position) A remote accelerator position sensor may be used
from the connector for the remote accelerator for PTO purposes. The remote accelerator position
position sensor. sensor should be connected to J1/P1:68. Before
the ECM will respond to the remote accelerator
D. Route new wiring from the ECM to the remote position sensor, the ECM “PTO Configuration” must
accelerator position sensor. be programmed to “Remote Throttle”, and the “PTO
On/Off Switch” must be in the ON position. Also,
E. Turn the key switch to the ON position. Caterpillar offers the following recommendation:
F. Check the duty cycle of the remote accelerator • The remote accelerator position sensor must be
position sensor with the electronic service tool powered from the vehicle battery (+12 V).
while the accelerator pedal assembly is being
moved over the full range. Therefore, the +12 V version of the accelerator
position sensor must be used for the remote
Expected Result: accelerator position sensor, and the +8 V version
for the accelerator pedal position sensor in the cab.
The duty cycle is between 10 and 22 percent with
the accelerator pedal assembly in the low idle The ECM will not respond to the remote accelerator
position, and the duty cycle is between 75 and 90 position sensor if 253-02 Check Customer or System
percent with the accelerator pedal assembly in the Parameters (56) is active under some conditions.
high idle position. Refer to Troubleshooting, “ECM Memory - Test” if
253-02 Check Customer or System Parameters (56)
Results: is active.
• OK – The wiring from the ECM to the accelerator The remote accelerator position sensor is used to
position sensor appears faulty. Permanently install provide a throttle position signal to the ECM. Sensor
new wiring. Verify that the repair eliminates the output is a constant frequency signal with a pulse
problem. STOP. width that varies with the pedal position. This output
signal is referred to as either a duty cycle or a pulse
• Not OK – Double check the wiring, the ECM width modulated signal (PWM) and this output
vehicle harness connector J1/P1 and the sensor signal is expressed as a percentage between 3 and
connector. If a problem still exists, restart the test 100 percent.
procedure. STOP.
The accelerator position sensor in the cab is
attached directly to the accelerator pedal assembly
i01901604 and the sensor requires no adjustment.
Remote PTO Accelerator The accelerator position sensor will produce a
Position Sensor Circuit - Test duty cycle of 10 to 22 percent at low idle and 75
to 90 percent when the accelerator pedal is fully
SMCS Code: 1913-038 depressed. The percent of duty cycle is translated
in the ECM into an accelerator pedal position of 3
System Operation Description: to 100 percent.
Use this procedure under the following situation: The accelerator position sensor can be replaced
separately from the pedal assembly. An incorrectly
Use this procedure if any of the following diagnostic calibrated pedal assembly can not be adjusted.
codes are indicated: The entire pedal assembly must be replaced.
• 30-08 PTO Throttle Signal Invalid (29) If the vehicle is using the ECM dedicated PTO
functions, the accelerator position sensor will be
• 30-13 PTO Throttle Out Of Calibration (29) ignored while the engine is in “PTO Mode” and the
“PTO Configuration” is programmed to the following
Also, use this procedure if the remote accelerator setting:
position sensor is suspected of improper operation.
• “Remote Throttle”
Remote Accelerator Position Sensor
The ECM is in “PTO Mode” if the PTO On/Off Switch
is on. This can be checked through the status
screen on the electronic service tool.
381
Troubleshooting Section
382
Troubleshooting Section
g00925843
Illustration 162
Schematic for remote accelerator pedal position sensor
383
Troubleshooting Section
g00642018
Illustration 163
Terminal locations for ECM
Test Step 1. Inspect Electrical Connectors E. Check the harness and wiring for abrasion and
and Wiring pinch points from the remote accelerator position
sensor to the ECM.
A. Connect the electronic service tool to the data
link connector. Verify that the parameter for Expected Result:
the PTO Configuration is programmed to the
“Remote Throttle”. All connectors, pins and sockets should be
completely coupled and/or inserted and the harness
B. Thoroughly inspect ECM vehicle harness and wiring should be free of corrosion, abrasion
connector J1/P1, the firewall bulkhead connector or pinch points.
and the connector for the remote accelerator
position sensor.
“Electrical Refer to
Connectors Troubleshooting,
- Inspect” for details. Results:
• OK – Proceed to Test Step 2.
C. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on each of the
wires in the ECM connector that are associated • Not OK
with the remote accelerator position sensor:
Repair: Perform the following diagnostic
• J1/P1:68 procedure:
D. Check the ECM connector (Allen Head Screw) Repair the connectors or wiring and/or replace
for the proper torque of 6.0 N·m (55 lb in). the connectors or wiring. Ensure that all of the
seals are properly in place and ensure that the
connectors are completely coupled.
384
Troubleshooting Section
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. B. Measure the voltage at terminal “A” (+12 V) with
reference to terminal “B” (sensor common) at
STOP. J406. This connector is for the remote accelerator
position sensor.
Test Step 2. Check for Active Diagnostic
Codes Expected Result:
A. Connect the electronic service tool to the data The measured voltage is between 11.0 VDC and
link connector. 13.5 VDC.
C. Monitor the active diagnostic code screen on the • OK – The voltage is OK. Proceed to Test Step 4.
electronic service tool. Check and record active
diagnostic codes. • Not OK – The vehicle wiring or the battery is
causing the problem. Repair the wiring or the
Note: When the ECM automatically calibrates new battery. Replace the wiring or the battery. Perform
duty cycle values for the low idle throttle position the repair that is necessary. Verify that the repair
and the high idle throttle position the ECM assumes has fixed the problem. STOP.
22 percent duty cycle at low idle and 75 percent
duty cycle at high idle. As a result, you may notice Test Step 4. Check the Duty Cycle of
that the PTO throttle position status reaches 100 the Remote Accelerator Pedal Position
percent well before the remote PTO accelerator Sensor
pedal is fully depressed. This is normal. After
some cycling of the accelerator pedal to the high A. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
idle position, the ECM will adjust the calibration
automatically. The ECM will adjust the calibration B. Monitor the duty cycle of the PTO throttle sensor
automatically provided that the high idle stop on the electronic service tool. Access the
position is within the 75 to 90 percent duty cycle following display screen in order:
range, and the low idle is in the 10 to 22 percent
duty cycle range. During normal operation, you • “Service”
may notice that more movement of the remote PTO
accelerator pedal is required for the PTO throttle • “Calibrations”
position status to increase above 3 percent. You
may also observe that the status reaches the 100 • “Monitor Throttle Position Sensor”
percent value prior to the limit of the high idle
position. This is done in order to ensure that the Expected Result:
accelerator reaches these two critical points for
engine operation. The duty cycle is between 10 and 22 percent with
the accelerator pedal assembly in the low idle
Expected Result: position, and the duty cycle is between 75 and 90
percent with the accelerator pedal assembly in the
Result 1 30-08 or 30-13 are active. high idle position.
385
Troubleshooting Section
Test Step 5. Check the Status of the B. Remove the signal wire for the remote accelerator
Power Train Data Link on the Electronic position sensor (terminal “C”) from J406. This is
Service Tool the vehicle harness side of the connector for the
accelerator position sensor.
A. Start the engine. While the status of the PTO
throttle position is being monitored on the C. Install a breakout T with 3 terminals at the
electronic service tool, depress the remote PTO connector J406/P406 for the remote accelerator
accelerator pedal and release the remote PTO position sensor.
accelerator pedal. The throttle position status
and the engine should respond to the change in D. Connect the multimeter probes to terminal “C”
the accelerator pedal position. (Accelerator Pedal Position) and terminal “B”
(Accelerator/Switch Sensor Common) of the
B. Go to the “System Troubleshooting Settings” breakout T.
section of the electronic service tool and turn off
the power train data link. E. While the duty cycle is being monitored on the
multimeter, depress the accelerator pedal and
C. While the status of the PTO throttle position is release the accelerator pedal.
being monitored on the electronic service tool,
depress the accelerator pedal and release the Expected Result:
accelerator pedal. Also depress the accelerator
pedal and release the accelerator pedal while The duty cycle is between 10 and 22 percent with
the engine response is being monitored. the accelerator pedal assembly in the low idle
position, and the duty cycle is between 75 and 90
Expected Result: percent with the accelerator pedal assembly in the
high idle position.
The status of the PTO throttle position and the
engine should respond to the change in the Results:
accelerator pedal position.
• OK – Reinsert the wire (terminal “C”) into the
Result 1 The PTO accelerator is functioning connector for the remote accelerator position
properly. sensor. The sensor is working correctly. Proceed
to Test Step 7.
Result 2 The throttle response is limited by a power
train data link message. • Not OK – Leave the PWM probe connected to the
breakout T. Insert wire C into the connector for the
Results: remote accelerator position sensor. The sensor or
the accelerator pedal assembly is faulty. Proceed
• Result 1 – The remote accelerator position sensor to Test Step 8.
is operating correctly. Continue troubleshooting
until the original condition is resolved. STOP. Test Step 7. Check the Duty Cycle of the
Remote Accelerator Position Sensor at
• Result 2 – If the engine responds with the power the ECM
train data link in the OFF position, but not with
the power train data link in the ON position, Note: Performing certain steps within this procedure
a component of the power train data link is requires the use of a multimeter that is capable of
causing the response problem of the remote measuring a PWM duty cycle.
accelerator position sensor. Send the truck to the
vehicle manufacturer in order to repair the faulty A. Turn the ignition key switch to the OFF position.
component of the power train data link. STOP.
B. Remove the wire from P1:68 Remote Accelerator
Test Step 6. Check the Duty Cycle of the Position Sensor from ECM connector P1/J1.
Remote Accelerator Position Sensor at
the Sensor C. Connect the multimeter probes between the
removed wire and the ECM sensor common or
Note: Performing certain steps within this procedure ground.
requires the use of a multimeter that is capable of
measuring a PWM duty cycle. D. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
386
Troubleshooting Section
E. Use the multimeter in order to display the duty When the sensor is removed from the accelerator
cycle output of the accelerator position sensor. pedal assembly the following diagnostic codes
While the duty cycle output of the remote may be generated:
accelerator position sensor is being monitored on
the multimeter, move the accelerator assembly • 30-13 PTO Throttle Out Of Calibration (29)
from the low idle position to the high idle position.
Record the results. The diagnostic code should disappear when
the sensor is properly assembled back into the
F. Turn the ignition key switch to the OFF position. accelerator pedal assembly.
Expected Result:
Results:
• OK – A good signal from the remote accelerator
position sensor is reaching the ECM. Verify that
the ECM is receiving the proper battery voltage. If
the ECM is receiving the proper battery voltage,
temporarily connect a test ECM and verify that the
problem is resolved. If the problem disappears
with the test ECM, reconnect the suspect ECM.
If the problem returns with the suspect ECM,
replace the ECM. STOP.
387
Troubleshooting Section
g00642019
Illustration 164
(1) Mounting screw holes (3) Sensor housing (5) Accelerator pedal assembly
(2) Sensor slot (4) Mounting surface for sensor (6) Accelerator block assembly
388
Troubleshooting Section
C. Remove terminal “C” (Accelerator Pedal Position) Operation of the retarder solenoids is inhibited
from the connector for the remote accelerator during undesirable engine operating conditions.
position sensor.
All of the following conditions must be met in order
D. Route new wiring from the ECM to the remote to ensure the proper retarder operation regardless of
accelerator position sensor. the settings of the customer specified parameters:
E. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position. • Engine speed is above 800 rpm.
F. Check the duty cycle of the remote accelerator • The “Accelerator Pedal Position” is less than 8
position sensor withthe electronic service tool percent.
while the accelerator pedal assembly is being
moved over the full range. • The clutch pedal is released.
Expected Result: Additional factors may affect retarder operation. The
additional factors are based on the programming
The duty cycle is between 10 and 22 percent with of certain customer specified parameters. The
the accelerator pedal assembly in the low idle following parameters may affect retarder operation:
position, and the duty cycle is between 75 and 90
percent with the accelerator pedal assembly in the • “Engine Retarder Mode”
high idle position.
Results:
• “Auto Retarder In Cruise”
• “Auto Retarder In Cruise Increment”
• OK – The wiring from the ECM to the accelerator
position sensor appears faulty. Permanently install • “Engine Retarder Minimum Vehicle Speed”
new wiring. Verify that the repair eliminates the
problem. STOP. • “Engine Retarder Minimum Vehicle Speed Type”
• Not OK – Double check the wiring, the ECM • “Engine Retarder Delay”
vehicle harness connector J1/P1 and the sensor
connector. If a problem still exists, restart the test Note: If the “PTO Configuration” is programmed
procedure. STOP. to Cab Switches, Remote Switches, or Remote
Throttle, the engine retarder is disabled whenever
the PTO On/Off circuit is on.
i01942353
Retarder (Compression Brake) When the Cruise Control On/Off Switch is in the
ON position, the following conditions exist:
Solenoid Circuit - Test
“Engine Retarder Mode”
SMCS Code: 1129-038
When the cruise control On/Off switch is on, this
System Operation Description: parameter provides two special options that allow
the engine retarder to be operated only after the
The engine retarder solenoids are usually factory driver has depressed the service brake pedal. The
installed at Caterpillar and the switches are installed two modes of operation that follow are customer
by the vehicle OEM. The ECM directly drives the programmable:
retarder solenoids, eliminating OEM installed relays
and circuit protection. The ECM reads the status of • The “Coast” mode engages the engine retarder
the OEM installed engine retarder switches in order when the driver depresses the service brake
to determine the following modes of operation: pedal. The retarder disengages when the driver
releases the service brake pedal.
• OFF
• The “Latch” mode engages the retarder when the
• Low driver depresses the service brake pedal. The
retarder remains engaged until the control detects
• Medium a change in a control input. The following actions
are examples of a change in a control input:
• High
• The throttle is depressed.
389
Troubleshooting Section
• The clutch pedal is depressed. This parameter determines the minimum vehicle
speed limit for the engine retarders to turn ON.
• The engine speed drops below 800 rpm. When this parameter is programmed to “0” the
retarder will operate at all vehicle speeds.
The third option for the engine retarder parameter is
“Manual”. The Manual mode operates in the same “Engine Retarder Minimum VSL Type”
manner regardless of the position of the cruise
control On/Off switch. The driver is not required to The “Engine Retarder Minimum VSL Type” defines
depress the service brake pedal in order to initiate the use of the “Engine Retarder Minimum Vehicle
the engine retarder. This is required in the Latch Speed” parameter. The “Engine Retarder Minimum
mode and the Coast mode. VSL Type” provides the following two options:
Note: The Latch mode and the Coast mode are • Hard Limit
customer programmable options. The Latch mode
and the Coast mode determine engine retarder • Soft Limit
operation only when the cruise control switch is in
the ON position. The Latch mode and the Coast If the “Engine Retarder Minimum VSL Type” is
mode do not determine engine retarder operation programmed to the Hard Limit, the engine retarder
when the engine is active in cruise control. Latch will turn off when the value that is programmed into
mode and Coast mode require the initiation of the the “Engine Retarder Minimum Vehicle Speed” is
service brake before acting. The action of the reached.
service brake disengages the cruise control.
If the “Engine Retarder Minimum VSL Type” is
“Auto Retarder In Cruise” programmed to the Soft Limit, the engine retarder
will remain in the ON position below the value that
This parameter allows the engine retarder to is programmed in the “Engine Retarder Minimum
activate while the engine is in cruise control in Vehicle Speed”. The engine retarder will remain
order to maintain the cruise set speed. The “Auto in the ON position until the parameters that would
Retarder in Cruise” option still requires the engine normally turn off the engine retarder are met. The
retarder switches to be in the ON position. The retarder cannot be activated when the vehicle
“Auto Retarder in Cruise” option will only activate speed is below the “Engine Retarder Minimum
the engine retarder to the level of braking that Vehicle Speed”.
is determined by the switch setting. The “Auto
Retarder in Cruise” parameter is a vehicle speed This parameter requires the “Engine Retarder
above the cruise set speed. When the vehicle Minimum Vehicle Speed” parameter to be
speed that is above the cruise set speed is met, the programmed above 0 mph.
ECM will send a signal in order to begin engaging
the engine retarder. “Engine Retarder Delay”
At this vehicle speed, the engine retarder will The “Engine Retarder Delay” parameter provides
activate at the low level. The Medium and High a programmable delay after all basic conditions
braking levels will be activated at the programmed that are required to turn on the retarder are met.
“Auto Retarder in Cruise Increment”. This assumes Once the conditions are met, the ECM will delay
that the engine retarder switches are set at the the activation of the retarder by the programmed
high level. The “Auto Retarder in Cruise” affects the additional time. The programmable range is 0.0 to
engine retarder solenoids that are driven directly 3.0 seconds in 0.1 second increments.
from the ECM engine harness connector P2 terminal
9, terminal 10 and terminal 11. Other Control Systems
“Auto Retarder In Cruise Increment” Trucks that are equipped with SAE J1922 systems
may also control the engine retarder. For ABS
The “Auto Retarder in Cruise Increment” parameter systems that do not use SAE J1922 with the engine
determines the increment in kilometers per hour retarder solenoids, a relay may be connected into
(km/h) or miles per hour (mph) when the higher the retarder switch circuit in order to disable the
levels of engine retarder will activate. This feature engine retarder or a relay may be connected into
requires the “Auto Retarder in Cruise ” parameter the clutch switch circuit in order to disable the
to be programmed above 0 mph. engine retarder.
390
Troubleshooting Section
391
Troubleshooting Section
g00928822
Illustration 165
Schematic for C11 and C13 engines
g00940384
Illustration 166
Schematic for C15 engines
392
Troubleshooting Section
g00928827
Illustration 167
P2 ECM connector
g00928828
Illustration 168
Valve cover connectors for C11 and C13 engines
393
Troubleshooting Section
g00940385
Illustration 169
Valve cover connectors for C15 engines
Test Step 1. Check Electrical Connectors Test Step 2. Check for Diagnostic Codes
and Wiring
A. Connect the Caterpillar Electronic Technician
A. Thoroughly inspect the J1/P1 and J2/P2 (Cat ET) to the data link connector.
ECM connectors, the valve cover connectors
and the firewall bulkhead connector. Refer B. Place the engine retarder switch in the High
to Troubleshooting, “Electrical Connectors - position.
Inspect” for details.
C. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
B. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on each of the
wires in the ECM connector that are associated D. Check for active diagnostic codes and logged
with the connections for the engine retarder diagnostic codes that are related to the engine
solenoids and the engine retarder switch: retarder. Clear any logged diagnostic codes that
are related to the engine retarder.
C. Check the ECM connector (allen head screw) for
the proper torque of 6.0 N·m (55 lb in). E. Access the “Retarder Brake Test” in the “Special
Tests” under the “Diagnostics” menu.
D. Check the harness and wiring for abrasion and
pinch points from the accelerator pedal position F. Start the test.
sensor to the ECM.
G. Check for active diagnostic codes that are
Expected Result: related to the engine retarder.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. • Current High (Short) – There is a short in the
circuit for the engine retarder. Proceed to Test
STOP. Step 6.
394
Troubleshooting Section
• No Codes – There are no diagnostic codes that D. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
are related to the engine retarder. Proceed to Test
Step 9. E. Access the “Retarder Brake Test” in the “Special
Tests” under the “Diagnostics” menu.
Test Step 3. Create a Short Circuit at the
Valve Cover F. Start the test.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. G. Check for active diagnostic codes that are
related to the engine retarder.
B. Disconnect the valve cover connectors from the
valve cover base. H. Stop the test.
C. Connect a jumper wire between the terminal for I. Check for active diagnostic codes that are
the suspect solenoid and the terminal for the related to the engine retarder.
solenoid common.
Expected Result:
D. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
A “current high” diagnostic code (short circuit) is
E. Access the “Retarder Brake Test” in the “Special active when the jumper wire is in place and the
Tests” under the “Diagnostics” menu. “Retarder Brake Test” is active.
F. Start the test. Note: A “current low” diagnostic code (open circuit)
will be active when the jumper wire is removed and
G. Check for active diagnostic codes that are the test is not active.
related to the engine retarder.
Results:
H. Stop the test.
• OK – There may be a problem with the engine
I. Check for active diagnostic codes that are retarder solenoid.
related to the engine retarder.
Repair: Temporarily connect a new engine
Expected Result: retarder solenoid.
A “current high” diagnostic code (short circuit) is If the new solenoid fixes the problem, reconnect
active when the jumper wire is in place and the the suspect solenoid.
“Retarder Brake Test” is active.
If the problem returns, permanently replace the
Note: A “current low” diagnostic code (open circuit) solenoid.
will be active when the jumper wire is removed and
the test is not active. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Results: STOP.
• OK – The harness between the ECM and the • Not OK – There is a problem in the harness
valve cover base is OK. Proceed to Test Step 4. under the valve cover.
• Not OK – A “current high” diagnostic code Repair: Inspect the wiring between the valve
(short circuit) was not active. There is a problem cover base and the engine retarder solenoids.
between the ECM and the valve cover base.
Proceed to Test Step 5. Insert a jumper wire between the supply wire for
the suspect solenoid and chassis ground.
Test Step 4. Create a Short Circuit at the
Engine Retarder Solenoid Repeat this Test Step.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. If there is still a “current low” diagnostic code
(open circuit), the problem is the supply wire.
B. Remove the valve cover(s).
If there is a “current high” diagnostic code (short
C. Disconnect the wires for the suspect solenoid. circuit), the problem is the common wire.
Insert a jumper wire between the two wires for
the suspect solenoid. Repair the wiring or replace the wiring.
395
Troubleshooting Section
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. Insert a jumper wire between the terminal on the
valve cover connector for the suspect solenoid
STOP. and chassis ground.
Test Step 5. Create a Short Circuit at the Repeat this Test Step.
ECM
If there is still a “current low” diagnostic code
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. (open circuit), the problem is the supply wire.
B. Disconnect the J2/P2 ECM connector. If there is a “current high” diagnostic code (short
circuit), the problem is the common wire.
C. Connect a 140-2266 Cable (Seventy-Pin
Breakout) to the J2 ECM connector. Do not Repair the wiring or replace the wiring.
connect the P2 ECM connector.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
D. Connect a jumper wire between the terminal
for the suspect circuit on the breakout T and STOP.
Terminal 9 (Retarder Solenoid Common).
• Not OK – There may be a problem with the ECM.
• Terminal 11 (LOW/HI Retarder Solenoid)
Repair: Temporarily connect a test ECM.
• Terminal 10 (MED/HI Retarder Solenoid) If the test ECM fixes the problem, reconnect the
E. Turn the key switch to the ON position. suspect ECM.
F. Access the “Retarder Brake Test” in the “Special If the problem returns, permanently replace the
Tests” under the “Diagnostics” menu. ECM.
G. Start the test. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
J. Check for active diagnostic codes that are A. Disconnect the valve cover connectors from the
related to the engine retarder. valve cover base.
Repair: Remove the breakout T and reconnect the A “current low” diagnostic code (open circuit) is
J1/P1 ECM connector. active.
396
Troubleshooting Section
Test Step 7. Create an Open Circuit at the Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Retarder Solenoids
STOP.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
Test Step 8. Create an Open Circuit at the
B. Remove the valve cover(s). ECM
C. Disconnect the wires from each engine retarder A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
solenoid. Ensure that the wires are not touching
any metal parts. B. Disconnect the J2/P2 ECM connector.
D. Turn the key switch to the ON position. C. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
E. Access the “Retarder Brake Test” in the “Special D. Access the “Retarder Brake Test” in the “Special
Tests” under the “Diagnostics” menu. Tests” under the “Diagnostics” menu.
G. Check for active diagnostic codes that are F. Check for active diagnostic codes that are
related to the engine retarder. related to the engine retarder.
A “current low” diagnostic code (open circuit) is A “current low” diagnostic code (open circuit) is
active. active.
Results: Results:
• OK – There may be a problem with the engine • OK – There is a problem in the harness between
retarder solenoid. the ECM and the valve cover base.
Repair: Inspect the common wire for shorts. Repair: Inspect the wiring between the ECM and
Repair any faulty wiring or replace any faulty the valve cover base.
wiring.
Repair the wiring or replace the wiring.
Temporarily connect a new engine retarder
solenoid. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. If the test ECM fixes the problem, reconnect the
suspect ECM.
STOP.
If the problem returns, permanently replace the
• Not OK – There is a problem in the harness ECM.
under the valve cover.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Repair: Inspect the wiring between the valve
cover base and the engine retarder solenoids. STOP.
397
Troubleshooting Section
The status for “Retarder Off/Low/Med/High Switch” Repair: Repair the harness or replace the harness
correlates to the position of the engine retarder in the cab.
switch.
Reconnect all wires and connectors.
Results:
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
• OK – The engine retarder switch is operating STOP.
correctly. Proceed to Test Step 11.
• Not OK – There is a problem in the circuit for the • Not OK – There is a problem between the ECM
engine retarder switch. STOP. and the firewall bulkhead connector.
Test Step 10. Check the Switch Circuits Repair: Repair the harness or replace the harness
at the Firewall Bulkhead Connector between the ECM and the bulkhead connector.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. Reconnect all wires and connectors.
B. Disconnect the firewall bulkhead connector. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Remove the three wires for the retarder
off/low/medium/high switch from the firewall STOP.
bulkhead connector.
Test Step 11. Check the Operating
C. Insert a jumper wire between the following wires Parameters of the Engine Retarder
on the vehicle harness:
A. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
• AP Sensor/Switch Sensor Common
B. Access the “Configuration” screen on Cat
• Retarder Solenoid Low/Hi Switch ET. Review the programming of the following
parameters:
D. Turn the key switch to ON position.
• “Engine Retarder Mode”
E. Check the status for “Retarder Off/Low/Med/High
Switch” on Cat ET. Remove the jumper wire. • “Engine Retarder Minimum VSL Type”
F. Turn the key switch to OFF position. • “Engine Retarder Minimum Vehicle Speed”
G. Insert a jumper wire between the following wires • “Engine Retarder Delay”
on the vehicle harness:
C. Use the following information when the parameter
• AP Sensor/Switch Sensor Common for the “Engine Retarder Mode” is being
reviewed:
• Retarder Solenoid Med/Hi Switch
a. If the parameter is programmed to Latch
H. Turn the key switch to ON position. mode or Coast mode, the engine retarder will
not turn on unless the following conditions are
I. Check the status for “Retarder Off/Low/Med/High met:
Switch” on Cat ET.
• The Cruise Control On/Off Switch is on.
http://slide pdf.c om/re a de r/full/c 15-trouble shooting 397/456
5/28/2018 C15 Trouble shooting - slide pdf.c om
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Troubleshooting Section
• The service brake pedal has been Refer to Troubleshooting, “Customer Specified
depressed. Parameters” for additional information on the
listed parameters.
D. Use the following information when the parameter
for the “Engine Retarder Minimum VSL Type” is STOP.
being reviewed:
• Not OK – The parameters are programmed
a. This parameter has no effect on engine correctly. Proceed to Test Step 12.
retarder operation when the “Engine Retarder
Minimum Vehicle Speed” is programmed to Test Step 12. Check the Accelerator Pedal
0 mph.
A. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
b. When this parameter is programmed to the
Hard Limit and the vehicle speed drops below B. Monitor the status for “Accelerator Pedal
the Engine Retarder Minimum Vehicle Speed, Position” on Cat ET while the accelerator pedal
the engine retarder turns off. is fully released.
c. When this parameter is programmed to C. While the status is monitored, depress the
the Soft Limit and the vehicle speed drops accelerator pedal.
below the Engine Retarder Minimum Vehicle
Speed, the engine retarder remains in the Expected Result:
ON position.
The status for “Accelerator Pedal Position” is
E. Use the following information when the parameter less than 8% when the accelerator pedal is fully
for the “Engine Retarder Minimum Vehicle released. The status changes as the accelerator
Speed” is being reviewed: is depressed.
F. Use the following information when the parameter Repair: Refer to Troubleshooting, “Accelerator
for the “Engine Retarder Delay” is being Pedal (Throttle) Position Sensor Circuit - Test”.
reviewed:
STOP.
a. This parameter provides a programmable
delay once the conditions are met in order to Test Step 13. Check the Clutch Switch
turn the engine retarder.
A. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
Expected Result:
B. Monitor the status for “Clutch Pedal Position
The problem is due to the programming of any of Switch” while the clutch pedal is fully released.
the listed parameters.
C. While the status is monitored, depress the clutch
Results: pedal.
• OK Expected Result:
Repair: Perform the following diagnostic The status for “Clutch Pedal Position Switch” is “Off”
procedure: when the clutch pedal is fully released. The status
is “On” when the clutch pedal is depressed.
Program parameters for desired operation.
Note: If a clutch pedal is not installed, select “OK”.
399
Troubleshooting Section
Service Brake Pedal Position should open the individual circuit. This switch is
OEM supplied. The Service Brake Pedal Position
(Switch 1) Circuit - Test (Switch 1) is typically a pressure switch.
System Operation Description: The service brake pedal position switches, the
neutral switch and the clutch switch are used
Use this procedure under the following situation: in the cruise control mode, the PTO mode and
the Idle mode in order to discontinue the cruise
Use this procedure to determine if the Service operation, the PTO operation, or the idle operation.
Brake Pedal Position (Switch 1) is preventing normal The capability to override the idle shutdown timer is
operation of cruise control, idle set speed, or PTO determined by the “Allow Idle Shutdown Override”
operation: parameter setting. The “Allow Idle Shutdown
Override” is a customer parameter.
The following switch circuits can also prevent the
correct operation of the cruise control, idle set Usage of Transmission Style Switches
speed or PTO operation:
The “Transmission Style” parameter determines
• Service Brake Pedal Position (Switch 1) the switches that will be used. The following
switches can be used with being dependent on the
• Service Brake Pedal Position (Switch 2) parameter setting:
400
Troubleshooting Section
Table 152
Manual
X X
Option 1
Automatic
X
Option 1
Automatic
X X
Option 2
Automatic
X X X
Option 3
Automatic
X X
Option 4
Eaton Top 2 X X
g00643881
Illustration 170
Schematic for cruise control switch, service brake pedal position (switch 1) and clutch pedal position switch
Test Step 1. Check the Status for the C. Access the status for the “Service Brake Pedal
“Service Brake Pedal Position Switch #1” Position Switch #1” on the electronic service tool.
A. Connect the electronic service tool to the data D. While the status for the “Service Brake Pedal
link connector. Position Switch #1” is monitored, depress the
brake and release the brake.
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
401
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
• OK – The service brake pedal position (Switch 1)
is working correctly. STOP.
Expected Result:
Results:
STOP.
402
Troubleshooting Section
g00702676
Illustration 171
403
Troubleshooting Section
B. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long. B. Find the switch for the Service Brake Pedal
Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wires. Position (Switch 1) in the vehicle.
C. Connect a 140-2266 Cable (Seventy-Pin C. Disconnect the wires from the switch terminals.
Breakout) between the J1 and P1 ECM
connectors. D. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
D. Install the jumper into terminal 45 (Service Brake E. Access the status for the “Service Brake Pedal
Pedal Position Switch) of the breakout T. Connect Position Switch #1”.
the other end of the jumper to terminal 5 (AP
Sensor/Switch Sensor Common) of the breakout F. While the status for the “Service Brake Pedal
T. Position Switch #1” is monitored, connect the
wires for the service brake pedal position (Switch
E. Turn the key switch to the ON position. 1) and disconnect the wires for the service brake
pedal position (Switch 1).
F. Access the status for the “Service Brake Pedal
Position Switch #1”. Expected Result:
G. While the status for the “Service Brake Pedal The status for the “Service Brake Pedal Position
Position Switch #1” is monitored, remove the Switch #1” is “Off” when the wires are disconnected.
jumper from terminal 5 and insert the jumper into The status for the “Service Brake Pedal Position
terminal 5 (AP Sensor/Switch Sensor Common). Switch #1” is “On” when the wires are connected.
Expected Result: Results:
2. Remove the breakout T and reconnect the J1 C. Locate the terminal for the “Service Brake Pedal
and P1 ECM connectors. Position (Switch 1)” and the “AP Sensor/Switch
Sensor Common” on the engine side of the
3. If the problem is resolved with the test ECM, bulkhead connector.
reconnect the suspect ECM.
D. Insert the jumper wire between the two terminals
4. If the problem returns with the suspect ECM, in the engine side of the bulkhead connector.
replace the ECM.
E. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
5. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
F. Access the status for the “Service Brake Pedal
STOP. Position Switch #1”.
Test Step 5. Insert a Jumper at the G. While the status for the “Service Brake Pedal
Service Brake Pedal Position (Switch 1) Position Switch #1” is monitored, remove the
jumper from one of the terminals and insert the
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. jumper wire into the terminal.
404
Troubleshooting Section
Repair: Inspect the vehicle wiring and repair the Table 153
vehicle wiring, as required. If the problem still Switch Usage.
Setting For
exists with the wiring, send the vehicle to the
Transmission Service Service
OEM dealer. Style Brake Brake Clutch Neutral
Parameter 1 2
STOP.
Manual
X X
Option 1
i01626422
Automatic
Service Brake Pedal Position Option 1
X
405
Troubleshooting Section
g00646450
Illustration 172
Schematic for service brake pedal position (switch 2)
g00704926
Illustration 173
Terminal locations for ECM
-Refer to Troubleshooting,
Inspect” for details. “ Electrical Connectors and
or wiring
pinch should be free of corrosion, abrasion,
points.
406
Troubleshooting Section
STOP.
Table 154
Table for Status of the Service Brake Pedal Position (Switch 2)
Switch Position or Pedal Position Switch Status Circuit
The Service Brake is Depressed. ON Shorted
The Service Brake is Released. OFF Open
Expected Result:
Results:
STOP.
407
Troubleshooting Section
A. Turn the ignition key switch to the OFF position. 5. If the problem is resolved with the test ECM,
reconnect the suspect ECM.
B. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long.
Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wire. 6. If the problem returns with the suspect ECM,
replace the ECM.
C. Disconnect vehicle harness connector P1 from
the ECM. 7. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Expected Result:
Results:
408
Troubleshooting Section
Table for Input Status of the Service Brake Pedal Position (Switch 2)
Switch Position or Pedal Position Switch Status Circuit
Expected Result:
Results:
• OK
Repair: Perform the following repair:
STOP.
Table for Input Status of the Service Brake Pedal Position (Switch 2)
Switch Position or Pedal Position Switch Status Circuit
Switch wires are disconnected. OFF Open
Switch wires are connected. ON Shorted
409
Troubleshooting Section
A. Turn the ignition key switch to the OFF position. Use this procedure to determine if the Starting Aid
Output circuit is operating properly.
B. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long.
Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wires. The following background information is related
to this procedure:
C. Find the switch terminal in the engine side of the
bulkhead connector for the vehicle harness. Also, The “Starting Aid Output” can be programmed to
find a convenient location for + Battery voltage. J1/P1:10, J1/P1:12, or J1/P1:13.
D. Insert the jumper wire between the two terminals The “Starting Aid Output” will function on the
in the engine side of the bulkhead connector. following corresponding output that is selected:
E. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position. • ECM Connector J1/P1 terminal 10
F. Connect ET to the cab data link connector. • ECM Connector J1/P1 terminal 12
G. Access the status screen on ET. • ECM Connector J1/P1 terminal 13
H. While the switch status is being monitored This “Starting Aid Output” is used to connect to a
on the status screen alternately remove the relay and/or a solenoid in order to control a starting
jumper wire from the + Battery connection, and aid system. Typical starting aid systems inject ether
alternately install the jumper wire at the + Battery into the inlet manifold in order to aid starting of the
connection. engine during cold weather operation. The output
can be automatically controlled by the ECM, or an
Expected Result: additional switch can be added to the system. This
switch allows the operator to disable the system
Refer to table 157. if the operator desires. The On/Off switch for the
starting aid can be programmed to use J1/P1:6,
Results: J1/P1:7, J1/P1:46, or J1/P1:47. The reading of the
coolant temperature sensor is used to determine
• OK – The problem is in the vehicle wiring if conditions require the use of the starting aid.
between the bulkhead connector and the switch. If a fault condition exists with the circuit for the
coolant temperature sensor, the reading for the
Repair: Perform the following repair: inlet manifold temperature sensor will be used. The
“Starting Aid Output” will be enabled for a maximum
Inspect the vehicle wiring and repair the vehicle of 30 seconds while the engine is cranking and
wiring, as required. If the problem still exists with the temperature reading is below 0 C (32 F).
the wiring, send the vehicle to the OEM dealer. The “Starting Aid Output” will be disabled if the
engine starts. The “Starting Aid Output” will also be
STOP. disabled if a condition that prevents fuel injection
occurs.
• Not OK – The problem is in the vehicle wiring
between the bulkhead connector and the ECM.
STOP.
i01626360
410
Troubleshooting Section
g00681396
Illustration 175
Terminal locations for the ECM
Test Step 1. Check the Electrical B. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on terminal 10,
Connectors and the Wiring terminal 12, or terminal 13 in the ECM connector.
A. Thoroughly inspect the ECM Vehicle Harness C. Check the ECM connector (allen head screw) for
Connector J1/P1, and the firewall bulkhead the proper torque of 6.0 N·m (55 lb in).
connectors. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Electrical
Connectors - Inspect” for details.
411
Troubleshooting Section
D. Check the harness and the wiring for abrasion B. Access the “Starting Aid Output Special Test”
and pinch points from the relays to the ECM. on ET. The “Starting Aid Output Special Test” will
enable the “Starting Aid Output” when the test
Expected Result: is active.
All connectors, pins, and sockets are completely Disconnect the starting aid canister in order to
coupled and/or inserted, and the harness and prevent accidental discharge.
wiring should be free of corrosion, abrasion or pinch
points. C. Begin the “Starting Aid Output Special Test” and
listen for the solenoid or the relay to “click”. You
Results: may need to be near the engine in order to hear
the “click”.
• OK – Proceed to Test Step 2.
Expected Result:
• Not OK – Repair the wiring or replace the wiring,
if necessary. Repair the connectors or replace The solenoid or the relay activates when the special
the connectors, if necessary. Ensure that all of test is enabled.
the seals are in the proper place. Ensure that all
of the connectors are connected properly. Verify Results:
that the repair eliminates the problem. STOP.
• OK – The ECM and vehicle components are
Test Step 2. Ensure Correct Parameter operating correctly. Ensure that the ether canister
Programming is not empty. STOP.
The circuit is connected to the correct ECM terminal E. If the “Starting Aid Output” is programmed to
that is selected for the “Starting Aid Output”. J1/P1:10, connect a voltage test lamp to terminal
10 (Output 2) and terminal 65 (-Battery) of the
Results: breakout T.
412
Troubleshooting Section
Note: A multimeter can not be used in place of the The starting aid system does not require a switch
voltage test lamp when the ECM outputs are being for automatic operation. A switch can be installed in
tested. order to allow the operator to override the automatic
starting aid. If a switch is installed and the “starting
Note: The “Starting Aid Output Special Test” will aid On/Off switch” parameter is programmed to the
only remain active for one second in order to corresponding switch input, the switch will control
prevent accidental discharge. The test lamp will the starting aid system. The starting aid system
turn off when the “Starting Aid Output Special Test” will automatically enable the starting aid output
is disabled. when the switch is in the ON position. However,
the conditions must require the use of a starting
Expected Result: aid. When the switch is in the OFF position, the
starting aid system will not function. If the “Starting
The voltage test Lamp will turn ON when the Aid On/Off Switch” parameter is programmed to
“Starting Aid Output Special Test” is active. The “None” (default), this feature is not used. The
voltage test lamp will turn off when the “Starting Aid “Starting Aid On/Off Switch” parameter should be
Output Special Test” is disabled. programmed to one of the inputs (J1/P1:7, J1/P1:47,
J1/P1:6, J1/P1:46). Also, the switch circuit should
Results: be connected to the same input option.
• OK – The ECM is OK. The problem is in the Note: The wiring for your particular application may
vehicle wiring. Inspect the vehicle wiring and then be slightly different. The sensor common circuits are
repair the vehicle wiring. Otherwise, send the used interchangeably by the OEM of the vehicle.
vehicle to the OEM dealer for repair. Verify that The following circuits are common within the ECM:
the original condition is resolved. STOP.
• The “Input Sensor Common 1” is terminal 18.
• Not OK – Temporarily connect a test ECM. Use
the “Starting Aid Output Special Test” on ET to • The “Input Sensor Common 2” is terminal 3.
check the ECM. If the problem is resolved with
the test ECM, install the suspect ECM. If the • The “AP Sensor/Switch Sensor Common” is
problem returns with the suspect ECM, replace terminal 5.
the ECM. Verify that the repair eliminates the
problem. STOP.
i01771348
413
Troubleshooting Section
g00682699
Illustration 176
Schematic for the Starting Aid Switch
g00682618
Illustration 177
Terminal Locations for the ECM
Test Step 1. Check the Electrical D. Check the harness and the wiring for abrasion
Connectors and the Wiring and pinch points from the battery to the ECM.
Then, check from the ignition key switch to the
A. Thoroughly inspect the J1/P1 ECM connector, ECM.
the connectors, and the firewall bulkhead
connectors. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Electrical Refer to Illustration 177 for terminal locations
Connectors - Inspect” for details. for the ECM.
414
Troubleshooting Section
Results:
Expected Result:
Results:
g00682624
Illustration 178
Connector for the Breakout T
415
Troubleshooting Section
A. Turn the ignition key switch to the OFF position. C. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long.
Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wire.
B. Install a breakout T to the J1/P1 ECM connector.
D. Insert the jumper wire between the two switch
C. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long. terminals of the starting aid switch.
Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wire.
E. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
D. Insert the jumper wire into the input terminal for
the starting aid switch of the breakout T. Connect F. Alternately remove the jumper wire and then
the other end of the jumper wire to terminal 5 in insert the jumper wire at the switch terminals.
the breakout T. Terminal 5 is AP Sensor/Switch At the same time, watch the status screen on
Common. Cat ET.
• Not OK – The ECM is not functioning properly. Test Step 5. Insert a Jumper Wire at the
Bulkhead Connector
Repair: Perform the following diagnostic
procedure: A. Turn the ignition key switch to the OFF position.
1. Temporarily connect a test ECM. Only connect B. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long.
J1/P1 ECM connector. Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wire.
2. Repeat this Test Step. C. Locate the socket for the starting aid switch
that is suspect in the engine side of the ECM
3. If the problem is resolved with the test ECM, bulkhead connector.
reconnect the suspect ECM.
D. Insert the wire jumper pin between the switch
4. If the problem returns with the suspect ECM, socket and the sensor common connection.
replace the ECM. Install the jumper wire on the engine side of the
ECM bulkhead connector.
STOP.
E. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
Test Step 4. Insert a Jumper Wire at the
Switch F. Alternately connect and then disconnect the
jumper wire. At the same time, monitor the status
A. Turn the ignition key switch to the OFF position. screen on Cat ET.
416
Troubleshooting Section
sends
the a signal
pulses to the tachometer.
per revolution The selection
for the tachometer of
is done
through the “Tachometer Calibration” parameter.
417
Troubleshooting Section
g00649121
Illustration 179
Schematic No. 1 for tachometer
g00649123
Illustration 180
Schematic No. 2 for tachometer
Test Step 1. Use an Electronic Service • Result 3 – The engine rpm is not within 50 rpm
Tool to Check the ECM Tachometer of 1500 rpm. Proceed to Test Step 6.
Signal
Test Step 2. Determine the Type of
A. Connect the electronic service tool at the data Connection
link connector.
A. Determine if the wiring for the tachometer is
B. Turn the key switch to the ON position. wired directly to the ECM or through the J1939
or J1587 data link.
C. Access the “Tachometer Circuit Test”. Access
the following display screens in order: Expected Result:
RESULT 2 The tachometer does not indicate an • J1587 data link – The tachometer is wired through
engine rpm or the tachometer is erratic. the J1587 data link.
RESULT 3 The tachometer rpm is stable but the Repair: Refer to Troubleshooting, “ATA (SAE
tachometer rpm is not within 50 rpm of 1500 rpm. J1587 / J1708) Data Link Circuit - Test”.
Results: STOP.
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Troubleshooting Section
g00649124
Illustration 181
Terminal locations for ECM
419
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Wires are connected to the ECM terminals for the
tachometer, P1:39 (Tachometer−) and/or P1: 38
(Tachometer+).
Results:
STOP.
g00649125
Illustration 182
ECM Breakout T-connector
Note: Performing certain steps within this procedure Refer to Illustration 182.
requires the use of a multimeter that is capable of
measuring a PWM Duty Cycle. E. Access the “Tachometer Circuit Test”. Access
the following display screens in order:
A. Disconnect the J1/P1 ECM connector.
• “Diagnostics”
B. Connect a 140-2266 Cable (Seventy-Pin
Breakout) between the J1 and P1 ECM connector • “Diagnostic Tests”
.
• “Special Test”
C. Fabricate two jumper wires 100 mm (4 inch) long.
Crimp a Deutsch Pin to one end of each wire. F. Attach one of the multimeter leads to the jumper
wire from P1:38.
D. Insert one of the jumper wires into P1:39
(Tachometer−) of the breakout T and insert the G. Attach the other multimeter lead to the jumper
other jumper wire into P1:38 (Tachometer+) of wire from P1:39.
the breakout T.
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• OK – The ECM tachometer output is OK. 2. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
• Not OK – The duty cycle is out of the range. Repair: Perform the following repair:
Repair: Perform the following repair: 1. Calibrate the tachometer in order to match
the ECM.
1. Temporarily connect a test ECM.
a. If the tachometer calibration is known and
2. Remove all jumpers and replace all connectors. the tachometer calibration is within 12.0 to
500.0 pulses per revolution, change the
3. Recheck the system for active diagnostic Customer Programmable Parameter of the
codes. ECM “Tachometer Calibration” in order to
match the tachometer.
4. Repeat the test step.
2. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
5. If the problem is resolved with the test ECM,
reconnect the suspect ECM. STOP.
6. If the problem returns with the suspect ECM, Test Step 7. Check the ECM Connection
replace the ECM. to the Tachometer
7. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. A. Find the tachometer signal connections to the
tachometer.
STOP.
B. Disconnect the wires from the ECM to the
Test Step 6. Inspect the Tachometer tachometer at the ECM connector and at the
Calibration tachometer.
B. Connect the electronic service tool to the data Note: Some of the tachometers require only one
link connector. signal line to be connected. Either of the ECM
terminals can be used for this type of tachometer.
C. Check the “Tachometer Calibration” parameter The other wire should be left disconnected. If both
on the “Configuration” screen. wires are connected, and one indicates an open
circuit, repair this line.
Expected Result:
Expected Result:
The “Tachometer Calibration” matches the ECM
tachometer calibration. The wires from the ECM to the tachometer are
undamaged.
421
Troubleshooting Section
Repair: Perform the following repair: The ECM can use various inputs in a number
of ways. The inputs depend on the parameter
Either repair the wiring or send the vehicle to the programming. Certain features are available on
OEM dealer. Verify that the repair eliminates the several different inputs. The configuration for the
problem. switch must match the actual switch installation in
order for the switch to function properly.
STOP.
Torque Limit Switch
Test Step 8. Check the Supply Voltage to
the Tachometer The torque limit switch provides a way to temporarily
protect equipment from damage that is caused
A. Connect the tachometer lines to the ECM and by applying too much torque. Torque limiting is
the tachometer. typically used during PTO operation. Torque limiting
can also be used when the PTO On/Off switch is
B. Check the positive battery connections and the in the OFF position.
negative battery connections to the tachometer.
Include the fuses and the circuit protection. In order to use torque limiting, a “Torque Limit” must
be programmed. The “Torque Limit” parameter is
Expected Result: located under the “Dedicated PTO Parameters”.
The default setting is 3400 N·m (2500 lb ft). The
The tachometer is receiving the correct battery “Torque Limit Switch” input selection must also be
supply voltage. programmed. If the “Torque Limit Switch” parameter
is programmed to “None” (default), this feature is
Results: not used. If the “Torque Limit Switch” is programmed
to J1/P1:7, then the feature is available and the
• OK – The battery supply voltage is OK. switch circuit should be connected to terminal 7 of
the J1/P1 ECM vehicle harness connector.
Repair: Perform the following repair:
Note: The wiring for your particular application may
If the tachometer is receiving the correct battery be slightly different. The circuits for the sensor
supply voltage but the tachometer does not work, common are used interchangeably by the OEM
replace the tachometer or send the tachometer to of the vehicle. The following circuits are common
the OEM dealer for repair. within the ECM:
STOP.
i01625987
422
Troubleshooting Section
g00682363
Illustration 183
Schematic for Torque Limit Switch
g00682368
Illustration 184
Terminal Locations for ECM
Test Step 1. Check the Electrical D. Check the harness and the wiring for abrasion
Connectors and the Wiring and pinch points from the battery to the ECM.
Then, check from the ignition key switch to the
A. Thoroughly inspect the ECM vehicle harness ECM.
connector J1/P1, the connectors, and the firewall
bulkhead connectors. Refer to Troubleshooting, Refer to Illustration 184 for terminal locations
“Electrical Connectors - Inspect” for details. for the ECM.
423
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
g00682375
Illustration 185
Connector for Breakout T
A. Turn the ignition key switch to the OFF position. C. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long.
Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wire.
B. Install a 70 terminal breakout T to the ECM
vehicle harness connector J1/P1.
424
Troubleshooting Section
D. Insert the jumper wire into terminal 7 of the E. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
breakout T. Connect the other end of the jumper
wire to terminal 5 in the breakout T. Terminal 5 F. Alternately remove the jumper wire and then
is AP Sensor/Switch Common. insert the jumper wire at the switch terminals. At
the same time, watch the status screen on ET.
E. Connect ET to the cab data link connector.
Expected Result:
F. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
The switch status changes to “ON” with the jumper
G. Alternately remove the jumper wire and then wire in place. The switch status changes to “OFF”
insert the jumper wire from terminal 5. At the when the jumper wire is removed.
same time, monitor the status screen on ET.
Results:
Expected Result:
• OK
The switch status changes to “ON” with the jumper
wire in place. The switch status changes to “OFF” Repair: Perform the following diagnostic
when the jumper wire is removed. procedure:
• OK – The ECM is functioning properly at this Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
time. Proceed to Test Step 4.
STOP.
• Not OK – The ECM is not functioning properly.
• Not OK – There is a problem in the wire harness
Repair: Perform the following repair: between the torque limit switch and the ECM.
Proceed to Test Step 5.
1. Temporarily connect a test ECM.
Test Step 5. Insert a Jumper Wire at the
2. Remove all jumpers and replace all connectors. Bulkhead Connector
3. Recheck the system for active diagnostic A. Turn the ignition key switch to the OFF position.
codes.
B. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long.
4. Repeat the Test Step. Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wire.
5. If the problem is resolved with the test ECM, C. Locate the torque limit switch socket in the
reconnect the suspect ECM. engine side of the ECM bulkhead connector.
6. If the problem returns with the suspect ECM, D. Insert the wire jumper pin between the switch
replace the ECM. socket and the sensor common connection.
Install the jumper wire on the Engine side of the
7. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem. ECM bulkhead connector.
Test Step 4. Insert a Jumper Wire at the F. Alternately connect and then disconnect the
Switch jumper wire. At the same time, monitor the status
screen on ET.
A. Turn the ignition key switch to the OFF position.
Expected Result:
B. Reconnect the ECM vehicle harness connector
J1/P1. The switch status changes from “ON” with the
jumper wire in place. The switch status changes to
C. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long. “OFF” when the jumper wire is removed.
Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wire.
425
Troubleshooting Section
Results:
i01871027
426
Troubleshooting Section
g00682705
Illustration 186
Schematic for Two Speed Axle Switch Circuit
g00682684
Illustration 187
Terminal Locations for the ECM
C. Monitor the status for the “Two Speed Axle • OK – The switch is operating normally. Continue
Switch” while the switch is operated in the ON troubleshooting if the original condition is not
and OFF positions. resolved. STOP.
D. If the “Two Speed Axle Switch” status indicates • Not OK – The ECM is not reading the “Switch
“Not Installed”, then the “Two Speed Axle Switch” Status” change. Proceed to Test Step 2.
parameter has not been programmed.
427
Troubleshooting Section
STOP.
• terminal 6
• terminal 5
C. Check the ECM connector (allen head screw) for
the proper torque of 6.0 N·m (55 lb in).
428
Troubleshooting Section
g00682687
Illustration 188
Connector for Breakout T
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position. 1. Temporarily connect a test ECM.
B. Install a 140-2266 Cable (Seventy-Pin Breakout) 2. Remove the breakout T and reconnect the J1
between the J1 and P1 ECM connector. and P1 ECM connectors.
C. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long. 3. If the problem is resolved with the test ECM,
Crimp a Deutsch pin to each end of the wire. reconnect the suspect ECM.
D. Insert the jumper wire into terminal 6 of the 4. If the problem returns with the suspect ECM,
breakout T. Connect the other end of the jumper replace the ECM.
wire to terminal 5 (AP Sensor/Switch Common)
of the breakout T. 5. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Proceed to Test Step 5. The switch status changes to “ON” with the jumper
wire in place. The switch status changes to “OFF”
• Not OK – The ECM is not functioning properly. when the jumper wire is removed.
429
Troubleshooting Section
Results: i01871031
• OK – Replace the switch. Verify that the repair Vehicle Speed and
solves the problem. STOP. Speedometer Circuit - Test
• Not OK – There is a problem in the wire harness SMCS Code: 7463-038
between the switch for the two-speed axle and
the ECM. Proceed to Test Step 6. System Operation Description:
Test Step 6. Insert a Jumper Wire at the Use this procedure under the following situation:
Bulkhead Connector
• There is an active diagnostic code.
A. Turn the key switch to the OFF position.
• There is an easily repeated diagnostic code that
B. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long. is associated with the vehicle speed circuit.
Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wire.
Refer to Troubleshooting, “Vehicle Speed Circuit -
C. Locate the two speed axle switch socket in the Calibrate” if the vehicle speed is being calibrated
engine side of the ECM bulkhead connector. in ppm (pulses per mile) or PPKM (pulses per
kilometer).
D. Insert the wire jumper pin between the switch
socket and the sensor common connection. The following background information is related
Install the jumper wire on the engine side of the to this procedure:
ECM bulkhead connector.
The vehicle speed circuit consists of the vehicle
E. Turn the key switch to the ON position. speed source and associated wiring. The
vehicle speed source is installed by the vehicle
F. Alternately connect and then disconnect the OEM. Usually, a sensor reads movement of the
jumper wire. At the same time, monitor the status transmission output shaft from the teeth on a
screen on the electronic service tool. chopper wheel. The ECM converts the signal from
the vehicle speed source into vehicle speed for the
Expected Result: following functions:
The switch status changes from “ON” with the • Cruise Control
jumper wire in place. The switch status changes to
“OFF” when the jumper wire is removed. • Idle Speed Control
Results: • Progressive Shift
• OK – The problem is in the vehicle wiring • Driver Reward
between the bulkhead connector and the switch.
Inspect the vehicle wiring and then repair the • Speedometer
vehicle wiring. Otherwise, send the vehicle to
the OEM dealer for repair. Verify that the original • Battery Monitor Engine Speed Control
condition is resolved. STOP.
• PTO Operation
• Not OK – The problem is in the vehicle wiring
between the bulkhead connector and the ECM. • Vehicle Speed Limiting
Inspect the vehicle wiring and then repair the
vehicle wiring. Otherwise, send the vehicle to • Engine Retarding
the OEM dealer for repair. Verify that the original
condition is resolved. STOP. • Idle Shutdown
• Secure Idle Theft Deterrent
• Trip Data
• Maintenance Data
To begin troubleshooting a vehicle speed problem,
the following information must be determined:
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Troubleshooting Section
Speedometer Connection
431
Troubleshooting Section
g00643046
Illustration 189
Schematic for a single coil speed sensor and an ECM driven speedometer
g00643048
Illustration 190
Schematic for a single coil speed sensor and a second single coil sensor for a speedometer
g00643050
Illustration 191
Schematic for a single coil speed sensor and a data link driven speedometer
432
Troubleshooting Section
g00643051
Illustration 192
Schematic for an electronic vehicle speed source and an ECM driven speedometer
g00643052
Illustration 193
Schematic for an electronic vehicle speed source and a speedometer
433
Troubleshooting Section
g00643054
Illustration 194
Terminal locations for ECM
Test Step 1. Determine the Type of Repair: Refer to Troubleshooting, “ATA (SAE
Connection J1587 / J1708) Data Link Circuit - Test”.
434
Troubleshooting Section
Test Step 3. Determine the Type of Repair: Perform the following diagnostic
Vehicle Speed Problem procedure:
Expected Result:
435
Troubleshooting Section
g00723985
Illustration 195
A. Inspect the P1 ECM connector. Observe whether • Not OK – The ECM is not connected to the
connections are present at either of the following speedometer.
terminals: Repair: Perform the following repair:
• P1:36 (Speedometer Positive)
If the ECM is not connected to the OEM
• P1:37 (Speedometer Negative) speedometer, send the vehicle to the OEM dealer
for repair of the speedometer.
If there is a connection to either of the
speedometer terminals continue with the STOP.
procedure.
• Not OK – The speedometer does not show any
B. Connect the electronic service tool to the data vehicle speed.
link connector.
Repair: If OEM truck wiring diagrams are
C. Access the “55 mph VSP/Speedometer Test” by available, trace the wiring to the speedometer
accessing the following display screens in order: and repair the speedometer, as required.
• “Diagnostics” STOP.
Note: Some types of speedometers only require Troubleshooting, “Vehicle Speed Circuit -
one ECM signal line to be connected to the Calibrate”
speedometer. Either of the ECM terminals can be
used for these speedometers. STOP.
• OK – The ECM is providing the signal for the Schematic 1 Refer to Illustration 189.
speedometer and the wiring and the speed are
OK. Send the vehicle to the OEM dealer for repair Schematic 2 Refer to Illustration 190.
of the speedometer. STOP.
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Schematic 3 Refer to Illustration 191. If the sensor is damaged, replace the damaged
sensor or send the vehicle to the OEM dealer for
Schematic 4 Refer to Illustration 192. repairs.
Schematic 5 Refer to Illustration 193. Verify that any repair eliminates the problem.
D. Reverse the meter leads and measure the The vehicle speed sensor is correctly installed and
resistance. Switching the probes should not undamaged.
change the resistance measurement by more
than 10 Ohms. Results:
• Not OK STOP.
437
Troubleshooting Section
g00643436
Illustration 196
Jumper wire locations for breakout T
438
Troubleshooting Section
A warning lamp is required for the “Engine One terminal of each lamp must be connected to
Monitoring” feature. The warning lamp indicates battery voltage through the vehicle wiring. The other
an active problem with one of the monitored terminal is connected to the ECM at the ECM vehicle
conditions such as high coolant temperature. A harness connector J1/P1 at the following terminals:
flashing warning lamp indicates that the engine is
derating power. The warning lamp will turn on for • J1/P1:29 (Warning Lamp or Low Oil Pressure
a minimum of two seconds after the engine has Lamp)
started. Three warning lamps may be used for the
• J1/P1:30 (PTO Switch On Lamp or Low Coolant
“Engine parameter
Lamps” Monitoring”must
feature. The “Engine Monitoring
be programmed to reflect Level Lamp)
the number of warning lamps that are used.
• J1/P1:31 (High Coolant Temperature Lamp)
Warning Lamp Programming the “Engine Monitoring
Lamps” parameter to “Warning Lamp” requires only The ECM illuminates the lamp by providing a path
one lamp. The lamp will display warnings for oil to ground.
pressure, coolant level, and coolant temperature.
439
Troubleshooting Section
g00676565
Illustration 198
Test Step 1. Inspect Electrical Connectors B. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on each of the
and Wiring wires in the ECM connector that is associated
with the suspect terminal for the lamp.
A. Thoroughly inspect the J1/P1 ECM connector,
the firewall bulkhead connector, and the suspect Refer to Illustration 198.
terminal for the lamp. Refer to Illustration 198.
Refer to Troubleshooting, “Electrical Connectors C. Check the ECM connector (allen head screw) for
- Inspect” for details. the proper torque of 6.0 N·m (55 lb in).
440
Troubleshooting Section
All connectors, pins, and sockets should be The warning lamp turns on and the Warning Lamp
completely coupled and/or inserted and the harness turns off per the above description.
and wiring should be free of corrosion, abrasion,
or pinch points. Results:
441
Troubleshooting Section
g00676787
Illustration 199
P1 ECM connector
B. Fabricate a jumper wire 100 mm (4 inch) long. • Result 1 – The warning lamp circuit is functioning
Crimp a Deutsch pin to both ends of the wire. properly. Proceed to Test Step 4.
C. Insert the jumper into the terminal of the suspect • Result 2 – The lamp did not turn on. The vehicle’s
lamp of connector P1. The jumper can be lamp circuit is not functioning properly. The lamp
inserted into the following terminals in order to is probably burned out or there is a problem in
test the appropriate lamp circuit: the wiring from the cab to either the ECM or the
+Battery connection. Repair the lamp circuit or
• P1:31 (High Coolant Temperature Lamp) send the vehicle to the OEM dealer for repairs.
STOP.
• P1:29 (Warning Lamp or Low Oil Pressure
Lamp) • Result 3
• P1:30 (PTO Switch On Lamp or Low Coolant Repair: Perform the following diagnostic
Level Lamp) procedure:
D. Connect the other side of the jumper wire to The circuit between the ECM and the lamp is
P1:65 (-Battery). shorted to chassis ground. Repair the circuit or
send the vehicle to the OEM dealer for repairs.
E. Turn the ignition key switch to the ON position.
STOP.
F. While the lamp is being watched, insert the
jumper wire and remove the jumper wire.
Expected Result:
442
Troubleshooting Section
g00676787
Illustration 200
ECM Breakout T-connector
A. Disconnect the J1/P1 ECM connector. • Not OK – Temporarily connect a test ECM. Ensure
that the “Engine Monitoring” of the test ECM
B. Insert a breakout T between the J1 and P1 ECM matches the “Engine Monitoring” of the suspect
connectors. ECM. Check the ECM operation of the Lamp
when the test ECM is installed. If the problem
C. Connect a voltage test lamp probe to terminal 65 is resolved with the test ECM, reconnect the
(-Battery) and connect the other probe to terminal suspect ECM. If the problem returns with the
52 (Unswitched +Battery) of the breakout T. suspect ECM, replace the ECM. STOP.
Expected Result:
Results:
443
Troubleshooting Section
Calibration Procedures
i01850652
• The ECM has been replaced and the old ECM will
not communicate with the electronic service tool.
444
Troubleshooting Section
g00944488
Illustration 201
Installation of the TC probe on C11 and C13 engines
g00945502
Illustration 202
Installation of the TC probe on C15 engines
445
Troubleshooting Section
If a replacement ECM is required, the ECM E. Install the 7X-1171 Transducer Adapter into the
parameters and the timing calibration can hole for the plug.
be transferred from the suspect ECM to the
replacement ECM. Timing calibration will NOT be Results:
necessary. This feature requires the electronic
service tool and this feature is only possible if the • OK – Proceed to Test Step 2.
existing ECM can communicate with the electronic
service tool . Test Step 2. Install the 6V-2197 Magnetic
Transducer on the Engine
Table 158
446
Troubleshooting Section
Test Step 3. Start the Engine and C. Ensure that all of the connections are made
Allow the Coolant to Reach Operating correctly.
Temperature
Results:
A. Start the engine and run the engine at low idle
until the engine has warmed up enough to exit • OK – Proceed to Test Step 5.
cold mode operation. The status screen on the
electronic service tool will display “COLD MODE” Test Step 5. Calibrate the Speed/Timing
in the upper corner when cold mode operation Sensor
exists. The engine will adjust idle rpm from cold
mode idle to the programmed low idle rpm when A. To calibrate the timing to the correct setting,
cold mode operation is complete. select “Continue” on the electronic service tool.
Wait until the electronic service tool indicates
B. Check for ACTIVE diagnostic codes. Use the that the timing is “CALIBRATED”.
procedures in this manual to troubleshoot and
repair any ACTIVE diagnostic codes before Note: If the electronic service tool display reads
attempting a calibration check. The engine must “CALIBRATION UNSUCCESSFUL”, the electronic
not have any diagnostic fault conditions that are injection timing has not been set. Recheck the
present during the timing calibration except the tool installation and tool operation and try again to
following condition: calibrate electronic injection timing. If the crankshaft
and camshaft gears have been reassembled
• 22-13 Engine Speed Signal Calibration Not incorrectly, the engine will not calibrate.
Performed
If the timing calibration has been successfully
C. Once the engine is warm, set the engine speed completed, do not exit the timing calibration
to 1100 rpm with the cruise control switches or screen on the electronic service tool until you
with the accelerator pedal. have disconnected the 7X-1695 Cable for the
6V-2197 Magnetic Transducer from the ECM.
Note: The engine rpm must be steady within the
1050 to 1150 rpm range in order to perform a timing Expected Result:
calibration.
The Timing Calibration Procedure was completed
Results: successfully.
Test Step 4. Connect the Electronic • OK – The Timing Calibration Procedure was
Service Tool completed successfully. Proceed to Test Step 6.
447
Troubleshooting Section
Test Step 6. Disconnect the 6V-2197 A confirmation code is printed on each injector
Magnetic Transducer Before Exiting the solenoid. The injector confirmation code must be
“Monitor/Calibrate Timing” Screen entered when an injector trim file is changed.
A. Disconnect the 6V-2197 Magnetic Transducer Note: Changing the injector trim codes will not
from the ECM. increase the power that is available to the engine.
STOP.
Note: If the ECM is replaced, all of the serial
numbers and the injector confirmation codes for the
i01912804 unit injectors must be recorded. The serial numbers
for the injectors can be found in “Calibrations”
Injector Code - Calibrate under the “Service” menu on Cat ET. The injector
confirmation code can be found on the top of the
SMCS Code: 1290-524
injector solenoid.
System Operation Description:
Expected Result:
If any of the following conditions have occurred, the
All of the serial numbers and the injector
injector trim codes should be calibrated:
confirmation codes for the unit injectors were
obtained.
• ECM replacement
Results:
• Replacement of any of the unit injectors
Also, perform this procedure if a 253-02 is active • OK – All serial numbers and injector confirmation
and “Injector Code” is listed below the active codes for the unit injectors were obtained.
diagnostic code on the Caterpillar Electronic Proceed to Test Step 2.
Technician (Cat ET).
• Not OK – The serial numbers and the injector
The injector trim files can be found on SIS Web. The confirmation codes for the unit injectors were not
obtained.
injector trim code allows the ECM to compensate
for variances in manufacturing between individual
injectors. Follow the procedure below in order to
gain access to the injector trim files.
448
Troubleshooting Section
Repair: Remove the valve cover and record the G. Click on the “Open” button.
serial numbers, the injector confirmation codes,
and the corresponding cylinder number for each H. Enter the appropriate injector confirmation code
unit injector. for the injector.
Test Step 2. Obtain the Injector Trim J. Repeat this procedure for all of the injectors that
Codes need to be calibrated.
B. Enter the serial number for the new unit injectors • OK – STOP.
in the search box.
i01810925
C. Download the injector trim file to the PC.
All of the injector trim files for the unit injectors were System Operation Description:
downloaded successfully.
The ECM uses vehicle speed information for the
Results: following features:
E. Click on the “Change” button. • The ECM monitors the signal from a vehicle speed
sensor in pulses per kilometer (mile). The vehicle
F. Select the appropriate injector trim file from the speed sensor is connected to the vehicle speed
PC. input circuit (terminals 32 and 33 of the ECM).
This is the “Vehicle Speed Calibration” option.
449
Troubleshooting Section
• The ECM receives a message over the J1939 The variable for the tire revolution could be affected
data link from the Transmission ECU that indicates by changing from bias ply tires to radial tires
revolutions per kilometer (mile) of the transmission and vice versa. Also, changing to radial tires that
output shaft. This is the “Vehicle Speed Cal have a low profile could affect the variable for the
(J1939-Trans)” option. tire revolution. This result may change the actual
vehicle speed which could result in performance
• The ECM receives a message over the J1939 complaints or complaints about fuel consumption. If
data link from the Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) the tire configuration has been changed, determine
that contains information about the wheel speed. the new variable for the tire revolution. Enter the
This is the “Vehicle Speed Cal (J1939-ABS)” new value in pulses per km (PPKM) or pulses per
option. mile (PPM). The preferred method is obtaining the
data from the individual tire manufacturers for the
Each of these methods require a specific calibration specific tire that is being used.
number to be programmed into the ECM to
calculate vehicle speed. Note: The ECM speedometer signal is set to
18,600 pulses per km (PPKM) or 30,000 pulses per
For the “Vehicle Speed Calibration” option that uses mile (PPM). This setting cannot be changed. All
the vehicle speed sensor, the ECM must know the speedometers that are driven by the ECM output
number of pulses that are produced by the vehicle (J1/P1 terminal 36 and terminal 37) must match the
speed sensor during each kilometer (mile) of travel fixed output of the ECM for proper operation.
by the vehicle. In order to find the number of pulses
that are produced by the sensor, multiply the tire Test Step 1. Use the Electronic Service
size by the axle ratio. Multiply the number that was Tool to Determine the Configuration for
obtained in the previous calculation by the number the Vehicle Speed Input to the ECM
of teeth on the output shaft that is used by the
sensor to obtain the pulses. A. Connect the electronic service tool to the cab
data link connector.
For the “Vehicle Speed Cal (J1939-Trans)” option,
the ECM must know the number of times that the B. Access the “Configuration Parameter List”. View
output shaft revolves per kilometer (mile) of travel the “Vehicle Speed Parameters”. Determine if
by the vehicle. This can be calculated by one of the the vehicle is configured to use the “Vehicle
following methods: Speed Calibration” option,the “Vehicle Speed
Cal (J1939-Trans)” option, or the “Vehicle Speed
• Divide the pulses per kilometer (mile) of the Cal (J1939-ABS)” option.
sensor on the transmission output shaft by the
number of teeth on the transmission output shaft. Expected Result:
• Multiply the axle ratio by the number of revolutions RESULT 1 The ECM is configured for the “Vehicle
per kilometer (mile) of the tire. Speed Calibration” option.
For the “Vehicle Speed Cal (J1939-ABS)” option, the RESULT 2 The ECM is configured to use the
ECM must know a calibration number. The number “Vehicle Speed Cal (J1939-Trans)” option.
is calculated by dividing the actual tire revolutions
per kilometer (mile) by the tire revolutions per RESULT 3 The ECM is configured to use the
kilometer (mile) that is programmed into the ABS. “Vehicle Speed Cal (J1939-ABS)” option.
PPKM = K X Ra X N.
450
Troubleshooting Section
K – This symbol represents the tire revolutions The value is within the valid range of the ECM.
per kilometer. This is a constant that is divided
by the tire static loaded radius. Results:
M – This symbol represents the tire revolutions • Yes – Once the value is entered, verify that the
per mile. This is a constant that is divided by the ECM is accurately measuring vehicle speed.
tire static loaded radius. Proceed to Test Step 5.
Ra – This symbol represents the rear axle ratio. • No – Recalculate the value and re-enter the
The rear axle ratio can typically be found on the correct value into the ECM. STOP.
housing of the rear axle, or the rear axle ratio
can typically be found on the specification sheet Test Step 4. Calculate Tire Revolutions
for the vehicle. Per Kilometer (Mile) When all the
Variables are Known
N – This symbol represents the number of
chopper teeth on the transmission drive shaft. A. The correct calibration number must be entered
The magnetic pickup sensor is mounted here. for the “Vehicle Speed Cal J1939-ABS” setting. If
The number of chopper teeth is usually 16. Some this value is unknown, the following calculation
transmissions have 11 tooth chopper wheels. can be used to obtain the correct setting.
B. Use the electronic service tool to enter pulses Divide the actual tire revolutions per kilometer
per km (PPKM) or pulses per mile (PPM) into (mile) by the tire revolutions per kilometer (mile)
the ECM. that is broadcast by theABS.
• OK – Once the value is entered, verify that the The formula would be 400 / 500 = 0.800.
ECM is accurately measuring vehicle speed.
Proceed to Test Step 5. Therefore, 0.800 would be the value that would
be entered into the ECM.
• Not OK – Recalculate the value and re-enter the
correct value into the ECM. STOP. B. Use the electronic service tool to enter the
calculated value into the ECM.
Test Step 3. Calculate the Revolutions
Per Kilometer (Mile) of the Transmission Expected Result:
Output Shaft
This value is within the valid range of the ECM.
A. The correct revolutions per kilometer (mile) of
the transmission output shaft must be entered Results:
for the “Vehicle Speed Cal J1939-Trans” setting.
If this value is unknown, either of the following • OK – Once the value is entered, verify that the
calculations can be used to obtain the correct ECM is accurately measuring vehicle speed.
setting: Proceed to Test Step 5.
• Divide the pulses per kilometer (mile) of the • Not OK – Recalculate the value and re-enter the
sensor on the transmission output shaft by the correct value into the ECM. STOP.
number of teeth on the transmission output
shaft. Test Step 5. Inspect the Speedometer
Calibration.
• Multiply the axle ratio by the number of
revolutions per kilometer (mile) of the tire. Determine the speedometer’s vehicle speed
calibration setting.
B. Use the electronic service tool to enter the
calculated value into the ECM.
451
Troubleshooting Section
Expected Result:
Results:
• Not OK
Repair: Perform the following diagnostic
procedure:
STOP.
452
Index Section
Index
Numerics 0110-00 High Coolant Temperature Warning
(61) .................................................................... 138
0001-05 Cylinder #1 Injector current low (72) ..... 112 0110-03 Coolant Temperature voltage high (27).. 139
0001-06 Cylinder #1 Injector current high (72).... 113 0110-04 Coolant Temperature voltage low (27)... 139
0002-05 Cylinder #2 Injector current low (72) ..... 113 0110-11 Very High Coolant Temperature (61)..... 140
0002-06 Cylinder #2 Injector current high (72).... 113 0111-01 Low Coolant Level Warning (62) ........... 140
0003-05 Cylinder #3 Injector current low (73) ..... 114 0111-02 Coolant Level signal invalid (12)............ 141
0003-06 Cylinder #3 Injector current high (73).... 114 0111-03 Coolant Level voltage high (12)............. 141
0004-05 Cylinder #4 Injector current low (73) ..... 115 0111-04 Coolant Level voltage low (12) .............. 142
0004-06 Cylinder #4 Injector current high (73).... 115 0111-11 Very Low Coolant Level (62) ................. 142
0005-05 Cylinder #5 Injector current low (74) ..... 115 0111-14 Low Coolant Level Warning................... 143
0005-06 Cylinder #5 Injector current high (74).... 116 0121-05 Low/High Retarder current low (14) ...... 144
0006-05 Cylinder #6 Injector current low (74) ..... 116 0121-06 Low/High Retarder current high (14)..... 144
0006-06 Cylinder #6 Injector current high (74).... 116 0122-05 Med/High Retarder current low (14)...... 144
0022-11 Primary to Secondary Engine Speed Signal 0122-06 Med/High Retarder current high (14)..... 145
Calibration (42) .................................................. 117 0166-14 Rated Engine Power Special
0022-13 Engine Speed Signal Calibration Not Instructions ........................................................ 145
Performed (42)................................................... 118 0168-01 Low ECM Battery Power (17)................ 146
0030-08 PTO Throttle signal invalid (29) ............. 119 0168-02 ECM Battery Power Intermittent (51) .... 146
0030-13 PTO Throttle out of calibration (29) ....... 119 0171-03 Ambient Air Temperature voltage high .. 147
0041-03 8 Volt Supply voltage high (21).............. 119 0171-04 Ambient Air Temperature voltage low.... 147
0041-04 8 Volt Supply voltage low (21) ............... 120 0171-11 Ambient Air Temperature Data Lost ...... 147
0043-02 Key Switch Fault (71)............................. 120 0174-00 High Fuel Temperature Warning (65) .... 148
0052-11 Air Inlet Shutoff Shutdown (00) ............. 121 0174-03 Fuel Temperature voltage high (13) ...... 148
0054-05 Auxiliary Output #06 current low (66).... 121 0174-04 Fuel Temperature voltage low (13)........ 148
0054-06 Auxiliary Output #06 current high (66)... 121 0190-00 Engine Overspeed Warning (35)........... 149
0055-05 Auxiliary Output #07 current low (67).... 122 0190-08 Primary Engine Speed Loss of Signal
0055-06 Auxiliary Output #07 current high (67)... 122 (34) .................................................................... 149
0064-08 Secondary Engine Speed loss of signal 0191-07 Transmission Not Responding (68) ....... 149
(34) .................................................................... 122 0224-11 Theft Deterrent Active (00) .................... 150
0071-00 Idle Shutdown Override (01) ................. 123 0224-14 Theft Deterrent Active with Engine Cranking
0071-01 Idle Shutdown (47) ................................ 123 (00) .................................................................... 150
0071-14 PTO Shutdown (47)............................... 124 0231-02 J1939 Data Incorrect (58)...................... 151
0084-00 Vehicle Overspeed Warning (41)........... 124 0231-12 J1939 Device Not Responding.............. 151
0084-01 Vehicle Speed loss of signal (31) .......... 124 0232-03 5 Volt Supply voltage high (21).............. 151
0084-02 Vehicle Speed signal invalid (36)........... 125 0232-04 5 Volt Supply voltage low (21) ............... 152
0084-08 Vehicle Speed signal out of range (36).. 125 0246-11 Brake Pedal Switch #1 Fault.................. 152
0084-10 Vehicle Speed signal rate of change 0247-11 Brake Pedal Switch #2 Fault.................. 153
(36) .................................................................... 126 0252-11 Engine Software Incorrect (59).............. 153
0084-14 Quick Stop Occurrence ......................... 126 0253-02 Check Customer or System Parameters
0091-08 Throttle Position Invalid (32).................. 126 (56) .................................................................... 153
0091-13 Throttle Position out of calibration (32).. 127 0253-11 Check Transmission Customer Parameters
0100-01 Low Oil Pressure Warning (46) ............. 127 (56) .................................................................... 154
0100-03 Oil Pressure voltage high (24)............... 130 0283-05 Intake Valve Actuation System Oil Pressure
0100-04 Oil Pressure voltage low (24) ................ 131 Solenoid current low (97)................................... 154
0100-11 Very Low Oil Pressure (46) ................... 131 0283-06 Intake Valve Actuation System Oil Pressure
0102-03 Boost Pressure voltage high (25) .......... 135 Solenoid current high (97) ................................. 154
0102-04 Boost Pressure voltage low (25) ........... 135 0283-07 Intake Valve Actuation Oil Pressure not
0105-00 High Intake Manifold Air Temperature responding (91).................................................. 155
Warning (64) ...................................................... 135 0284-05 Engine Coolant Diverter current low
0105-03 Intake Manifold Air Temperature voltage (98) .................................................................... 155
high (38)............................................................. 136 0284-06 Engine Coolant Diverter current high
0105-04 Intake Manifold Air Temperature voltage low (98) .................................................................... 155
(38) .................................................................... 137 0285-05 Intake Valve Actuator #1 current low
0105-11 Very High Intake Manifold Air Temperature (92) .................................................................... 156
(64) .................................................................... 137 0285-06 Intake Valve Actuator #1 current high
0108-03 Barometric Pressure voltage high (26).. 138 (92) .................................................................... 156
0108-04 Barometric Pressure voltage low (26) ... 138
453
Index Section
0285-07 Intake Valve Actuator #1 not responding Check Engine Lamp or Warning Lamp Is
(92) .................................................................... 157 Malfunctioning...................................................... 82
0286-05 Intake Valve Actuator #2 current low Probable Causes ............................................... 82
(92) .................................................................... 157 Recommended Actions...................................... 82
0286-06 Intake Valve Actuator #2 current high Clutch Pedal Position Switch Circuit - Test .......... 199
(92) .................................................................... 157 Coolant Level Sensor Circuit - Test ..................... 204
0286-07 Intake Valve Actuator #2 not responding Cooling Fan Circuit and A/C High Pressure Switch
(92) .................................................................... 158 Circuit - Test....................................................... 214
0287-05 Intake Valve Actuator #3 current low Cooling Fan Is Always ON..................................... 83
(93) .................................................................... 158 Probable Causes ............................................... 83
0287-06 Intake Valve Actuator #3 current high Recommended Actions...................................... 83
(93) .................................................................... 159 Cruise Control Parameters .................................... 51
0287-07 Intake Valve Actuator #3 not responding “Adaptive Cruise Control Enable” ...................... 54
(93) .................................................................... 159 “Auto Retarder in Cruise” ................................... 53
0288-05 Intake Valve Actuator #4 current low “Auto Retarder in Cruise Increment” .................. 53
(93) .................................................................... 159 “Cruise/Idle/PTO Switch Configuration” ............. 53
0288-06 Intake Valve Actuator #4 current high “Engine Retarder Minimum Vehicle Speed”....... 53
(93) .................................................................... 160 “Engine Retarder Minimum VSL Type” .............. 52
0288-07 Intake Valve Actuator #4 not responding “Engine Retarder Mode” .................................... 51
(93) .................................................................... 160 “High Cruise Control Speed Set Limit”............... 51
0289-05 Intake Valve Actuator #5 current low “Low Cruise Control Speed Set Limit”................ 51
(94) .................................................................... 160 “Soft Cruise Control” .......................................... 53
0289-06 Intake Valve Actuator #5 current high Cruise Control Switch Circuit - Test..................... 227
(94) .................................................................... 161 Cruise Control, Idle, or PTO Can Not Be Set ........ 85
0289-07 Intake Valve Actuator #5 not responding Probable Causes ............................................... 85
(94) .................................................................... 161 Recommended Actions...................................... 85
0290-05 Intake Valve Actuator #6 current low Customer Passwords............................................. 35
(94) .................................................................... 162 Customer Specified Parameters............................ 41
0290-06 Intake Valve Actuator #6 current high Customer Parameter Lockout ............................ 41
(94) .................................................................... 162 Customer Specified Parameters Table .................. 42
0290-07 Intake Valve Actuator #6 not responding Customer Specified Parameters Worksheet.......... 48
(94) .................................................................... 162 Lifetime Totals Worksheet.................................. 51
0385-01 Low Intake Valve Actuation System Oil
Pressure ............................................................ 163
0385-03 Intake Valve Actuation System Oil Pressure D
voltage high (95) ................................................ 163
0385-04 Intake Valve Actuation System Oil Pressure Data Link Parameters............................................ 54
voltage low (95) ................................................. 164 “Power Train Data Link”...................................... 54
5 Volt Engine Pressure Sensor Supply Circuit - Dedicated PTO Parameters................................... 54
Test .................................................................... 165 “Max PTO Vehicle Speed”.................................. 57
“Maximum PTO Enable Speed” ......................... 56
“PTO Activates Cooling Fan”.............................. 58
A “PTO Cab Controls RPM Limit”.......................... 56
“PTO Configuration” ........................................... 54
Accelerator Pedal (Throttle) Position Sensor Circuit - “PTO Engine RPM Set Speed (0 = Off)” ............ 55
Test .................................................................... 169 “PTO Engine RPM Set Speed Input A” .............. 55
Air Inlet Shutoff Circuit - Test............................... 176 “PTO Engine RPM Set Speed Input B” .............. 56
ATA (SAE J1587 / J1708) Data Link Circuit - “PTO Kickout Vehicle Speed Limit” (VSL).......... 57
Test .................................................................... 182 “PTO Shutdown Time” ....................................... 57
Auxiliary Brake Circuit - Test................................ 190 “PTO Shutdown Timer Maximum RPM”............. 57
“PTO to Set Speed” ........................................... 56
“PTO Top Engine Limit”...................................... 55
C “Torque Limit” ..................................................... 57
Diagnostic Codes ................................................ 109
Calibration Procedures ........................................ 443 Diagnostic Enable Switch Circuit - Test ............... 235
Can Not Reach Top Engine RPM .......................... 79 Diagnostic Functional Tests................................. 165
Probable Causes ............................................... 79 Driver Questionnaire.............................................. 87
Recommended Actions...................................... 79 Driver Questionnaire Response ............................ 88
Can Not Reach Vehicle Speed Limit ..................... 80 Driver Reward........................................................ 58
Probable Causes ............................................... 80 “Driver Reward Enable”...................................... 58
Recommended Actions...................................... 80 Dyno Mode ............................................................ 34
Check Engine Lamp Circuit - Test ....................... 195
454
Index Section
455
Index Section
Input Selections..................................................... 63 O
“Accelerator Pedal Position”............................... 66
“Clutch Pedal Position Switch” ........................... 66 Output Selections .................................................. 67
“Cruise Control On/Off Switch” .......................... 65 “Air Inlet Shutoff Relay Control” ......................... 68
“Cruise Control Pause Switch”........................... 65 “Auxiliary Brake”................................................. 68
“Cruise Control Set/Resume/Accel/Decel “Engine Running Output” ................................... 67
Switch” ............................................................. 65 “Engine Shutdown Output”................................. 68
“Diagnostic Enable”............................................ 63 “Fan Control Type” ............................................. 68
“Fan Override Switch” ........................................ 63 “PTO Active Output”........................................... 68
“Ignore Brake/Clutch Switch” ............................. 63 “Starting Aid Output” .......................................... 68
“PTO Engine RPM Set Speed Input A” .............. 64
“PTO Engine RPM Speed Input B” .................... 64
“PTO On/Off Switch” .......................................... 64 P
“Remote PTO Resume Switch”.......................... 64
“Remote PTO Set Switch”.................................. 64 Poor Acceleration or Response........................... 107
“Retarder Off/Low/Med/High Switch” ................. 66 Probable Causes ............................................. 107
“Service Brake Pedal Position Switch #1” .......... 66 Recommended Actions.................................... 107
“Starting Aid On/Off Switch”............................... 65 Powertrain Data Link Circuit - Test ...................... 330
“Torque Limit Switch” ......................................... 63 Programming Parameters...................................... 34
“Transmission Neutral Switch” ........................... 63 Programming a New ECM ................................. 34
“Two-Speed Axle Switch” ................................... 65 PTO Engine RPM Set Speed (Input A and Input B)
“Vehicle Speed Input”......................................... 66 Circuit - Test....................................................... 335
Intake Valve Actuation System Oil Pressure Circuit - PTO Shutdown Timer - Test ........................ 340, 342
Test .................................................................... 307 PTO Switch Circuit - Test............................. 344, 352
Intake Valve Actuator Circuit - Test...................... 312 PTO Switch ON Lamp Circuit - Test ............ 362, 367
Intake Valve Actuator Response - Test................ 317
Intermittent Cruise Control, Idle, or PTO Kickout.. 102
Probable Causes ............................................. 102 R
Recommended Actions.................................... 102
Intermittent Low Power or Power Cutout ............. 103 Remote PTO Accelerator Position Sensor Circuit -
Probable Causes ............................................. 103 Test ............................................................ 372, 380
Recommended Actions.................................... 103 Replacing the ECM................................................ 23
Replacing the ECM with the Use of the ECM
Replacement Feature from the Electronic Service
L Tool................................................................... 23
Replacing the ECM without the Use of the ECM
Low Power/Poor or No Response to Throttle ...... 105 Replacement Feature from the Electronic Service
Probable Causes ............................................. 105 Tool................................................................... 24
Recommended Actions.................................... 105 Retarder (Compression Brake) Solenoid Circuit -
Test .................................................................... 388
M
S
Maintenance Parameters ...................................... 67
“Engine Oil Capacity” ......................................... 67 Security Access Parameters ................................. 69
“Maintenance Indicator Mode” ........................... 67 “ECM Wireless Communication Enable”............ 69
“PM 1 Interval” ................................................... 67 Selected Engine Rating......................................... 69
Multi-Torque - Test ............................................... 322 “Multi-Torque Ratio” ........................................... 69
“Rating Number” ................................................ 69
Sensors and Electrical Connectors ....................... 25
N C11 and C13 Engines........................................ 27
C15 Engines ...................................................... 29
Neutral Switch Circuit - Test ................................ 323 Service Brake Pedal Position (Switch 1) Circuit -
No Diagnostic Code Detected (55)...................... 112 Test .................................................................... 399
Service Brake Pedal Position (Switch 2) Circuit -
Test .................................................................... 404
Service Information Report ................................... 40
Recommendations............................................. 40
Smart Idle Parameters........................................... 70
“Battery Monitor & Engine Control Voltage” ....... 70
Starting Aid Output Circuit - Test ......................... 409
Starting Aid Switch Circuit - Test ......................... 412
Table of Contents..................................................... 3
Tachometer Circuit - Test..................................... 416
Test ECM Mode ..................................................... 34
Timer Parameters .................................................. 70
“A/C Switch Fan-On Time” ................................. 72
“Allow Idle Shutdown Override” ......................... 71
“Engine Retarder Delay” .................................... 72
“Fan with Engine Retarder in High Mode”.......... 72
“Idle Shutdown Time”......................................... 70
“Idle Shutdown Timer Maximum RPM” .............. 70
“Maximum Idle Shutdown Outside
Temperature”.................................................... 71
“Minimum Idle Shutdown Outside
Temperature”.................................................... 71
Torque Limit Switch Circuit - Test ........................ 421
Trip Parameters ..................................................... 72
“Dash - Change Fuel Correction Factor”............ 73
“Dash - Fleet Trip Reset”.................................... 73
“Dash - PM 1 Reset” .......................................... 73
“Dash - State Selection”..................................... 73
“Fuel Correction Factor” ..................................... 72
“Quick Stop Rate” .............................................. 74
“Theft Deterrent Password”................................ 73
“Theft Deterrent System Control”....................... 73
“Vehicle Overspeed Threshold”.......................... 74
Troubleshooting Section .......................................... 6
Troubleshooting with a Diagnostic Code ............. 109
Troubleshooting without a Diagnostic Code .......... 79
Two Speed Axle Switch Circuit - Test .................. 425