PTT-2

Question bank-BEE
1. What is the approximate breakdown voltage of a Zener diode?
 a) Equal to the forward voltage
 b) Lower than the forward voltage
 c) Higher than the forward voltage
 d) Unpredictable
 Answer: c) Higher than the forward voltage
2. Zener diodes are commonly made from:
 a) Silicon
 b) Germanium
 c) Gallium arsenide
 d) Selenium
 Answer: a) Silicon
3. Which type of Zener diode has a sharp breakdown characteristic?
 a) Standard Zener diode
 b) Avalanche Zener diode
 c) Silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR)
 d) Light-emitting diode (LED)
 Answer: b) Avalanche Zener diode
4. Zener diodes are often used as:
 a) Voltage sources
 b) Current sources
 c) Voltage regulators
 d) Signal amplifiers
 Answer: c) Voltage regulators
5. The breakdown voltage of a Zener diode:
 a) Decreases with increasing temperature
 b) Increases with increasing temperature
 c) Remains constant with temperature
 d) Becomes zero at high temperatures
 Answer: b) Increases with increasing temperature
6. Zener diodes can be operated in:
 a) Forward bias only
 b) Reverse bias only
 c) Both forward and reverse bias
 d) No bias required
 Answer: c) Both forward and reverse bias
7. What does LED stand for?
 a) Light Emitting Device
 b) Low Energy Diode
 c) Light Emitting Diode
 d) Luminescent Emitting Diode
  Answer: c) Light Emitting Diode
8. In which year was the first practical LED invented?
 a) 1950
 b) 1962
 c) 1975
 d) 1980
 Answer: b) 1962
9. What is the typical operating voltage of a standard LED?
 a) 1.5 volts
 b) 3.3 volts
 c) 5 volts
 d) 12 volts
 Answer: b) 3.3 volts
10. What is the function of the phosphor layer in white LEDs?
 a) To emit white light directly
 b) To convert blue light into white light
 c) To increase the lifespan of the LED
 d) To reduce energy consumption
 Answer: b) To convert blue light into white light
11. What is the primary function of a C filter in a power supply?
 a) To reduce ripple voltage
 b) To amplify the input signal
 c) To regulate the output voltage
 d) To switch between AC and DC
 Answer: a) To reduce ripple voltage
12. Which component is predominantly used in a C filter?
 a) Capacitor
 b) Inductor
 c) Resistor
 d) Diode
 Answer: a) Capacitor
13. Which of the following is a characteristic of an L filter?
 a) It offers high ripple rejection
 b) It requires a large-sized inductor
 c) It is suitable for low-frequency applications
 d) It is less efficient compared to C filters
 Answer: c) It is suitable for low-frequency applications
14. Which filter configuration provides better noise filtering capabilities?
 a) C filter
 b) L filter
 c) Pi filter
 d) They all provide similar noise filtering
 Answer: c) Pi filter
15. What is the purpose of using a voltage regulator in a power supply circuit?
 a) To amplify voltage
  b) To stabilize the output voltage
 c) To convert AC to DC
 d) To reduce voltage fluctuations
 Answer: b) To stabilize the output voltage
16. Which of the following factors affects the efficiency of a regulated power supply?
 a) Input voltage
 b) Load current
 c) Output voltage
 d) All of the above
 Answer: d) All of the above
17. What does UPS stand for in the context of electrical systems?
 a) Universal Power System
 b) Unilateral Power Supply
 c) Uninterruptible Power Supply
 d) Unified Power Source
 Answer: c) Uninterruptible Power Supply
18. Which component of a UPS is responsible for storing electrical energy to be used
during power interruptions?
 a) Inverter
 b) Rectifier
 c) Battery
 d) Transformer
 Answer: c) Battery
19. Which type of UPS provides the highest level of power protection and backup?
 a) Standby UPS
 b) Line-interactive UPS
 c) Offline/Offline UPS
 d) Online/Double Conversion UPS
 Answer: d) Online/Double Conversion UPS
20. Which type of UPS is commonly used for protecting personal computers and other
small electronic devices?
 a) Line-interactive UPS
 b) Offline/Standby UPS
 c) Online/Double Conversion UPS
 d) Hybrid UPS
 Answer: b) Offline/Standby UPS
21. Which type of UPS provides the highest level of protection against power
disturbances?
 a) Online UPS
 b) Offline UPS
 c) Line-interactive UPS
 d) Standby UPS
 Answer: a) Online UPS
22. Which UPS type is also known as a standby UPS?
 a) Online UPS
  b) Offline UPS
 c) Line-interactive UPS
 d) Double conversion UPS
 Answer: b) Offline UPS
23. In an offline UPS, when does the load get switched to battery power during a power
outage?
 a) Immediately
 b) After a short delay
 c) After a long delay
 d) Only when the battery is fully charged
 Answer: b) After a short delay
24. What does BJT stand for in electronics?
 a) Biased Junction Transistor
 b) Bipolar Junction Transistor
 c) Base Junction Transistor
 d) Balanced Junction Transistor
 Answer: b) Bipolar Junction Transistor
25. What are the three layers of a BJT?
 a) Collector, Base, Emitter
 b) Anode, Cathode, Gate
 c) Source, Drain, Gate
 d) Emitter, Collector, Gate
 Answer: a) Collector, Base, Emitter
26. What is the majority charge carrier in the emitter region of a BJT?
 a) Holes
 b) Electrons
 c) Ions
 d) Neutrons
 Answer: b) Electrons
27. What is the function of the base region in a BJT?
 a) To provide mechanical support
 b) To control the flow of current between the collector and emitter
 c) To dissipate heat
 d) To provide electrical insulation
 Answer: b) To control the flow of current between the collector
and emitter
28. What is the function of the collector region in a BJT?
 a) To emit charge carriers
 b) To control the flow of current between the base and emitter
 c) To collect charge carriers emitted by the emitter
 d) To provide electrical insulation
 Answer: c) To collect charge carriers emitted by the emitter
29. What are the two main types of BJT?
 a) NPN and ZPN
 b) PNP and NNP
  c) NPN and PNP
 d) PNP and ZNP
 Answer: c) NPN and PNP
30. What is the current gain of a BJT?
 a) The ratio of collector current to base current
 b) The ratio of emitter current to base current
 c) The ratio of collector current to emitter current
 d) The ratio of base current to collector current
 Answer: c) The ratio of collector current to emitter current
31. What is the typical voltage drop across the base-emitter junction of a silicon
BJT in forward bias?
 a) 0.1 to 0.2 volts
 b) 0.6 to 0.7 volts
 c) 1.2 to 1.3 volts
 d) 2.0 to 2.1 volts
 Answer: b) 0.6 to 0.7 volts
32. Which BJT configuration offers the highest current gain?
 a) Common emitter
 b) Common base
 c) Common collector
 d) Emitter follower
 Answer: a) Common emitter
33. Which of the following is NOT a type of BJT?
 a) NPN
 b) PNP
 c) JFET
 d) MOSFET
 Answer: d) MOSFET
34. Which layer of a BJT is lightly doped and very thin?
 a) Collector
 b) Base
 c) Emitter
 d) Substrate
 Answer: b) Base
35. In a PNP transistor, the majority charge carriers in the base region are:
 a) Electrons
 b) Holes
 c) Ions
 d) Neutrons
 Answer: b) Holes
36. What is alpha (α) in the context of a transistor?
 a) Alpha is the ratio of collector current to base current (IC/IB).
 b) Alpha is the ratio of emitter current to collector current (IE/IC).
 c) Alpha is the ratio of collector current to emitter current (IC/IE).
 d) Alpha is the ratio of base current to collector current (IB/IC).
  Answer: c) Alpha is the ratio of collector current to emitter current
(IC/IE).
37. How is beta (β) calculated in a transistor?
 a) β = IC / IE
 b) β = IC / IB
 c) β = IE / IC
 d) β = IB / IC
 Answer: b) β = IC / IB
38. How does a transistor operate when used as a switch in digital circuits?
 a) In the active region
 b) In the saturation region
 c) In the cutoff region
 d) In the linear region
 Answer: b) In the saturation region
39. What happens to the collector-emitter junction of a transistor switch when the
base-emitter junction is forward biased?
 a) It becomes reverse biased.
 b) It becomes forward biased.
 c) It remains unbiased.
 d) It becomes open-circuited.
 Answer: b) It becomes forward biased.
40. What is the primary purpose of a transistor switch in electronic circuits?
 a) To amplify signals
 b) To regulate voltage
 c) To act as a digital switch
 d) To generate oscillations
 Answer: c) To act as a digital switch
41. In a Common Base (CB) configuration, which terminal is common between
input and output?
 a) Base
 b) Collector
 c) Emitter
 d) None of the above
 Answer: a) Base
42. What is the primary advantage of the Common Base (CB) configuration?
 a) High input impedance
 b) High voltage gain
 c) High power gain
 d) High output impedance
 Answer: a) High input impedance
43. What is the typical range of voltage gain in a CB configuration?
 a) Greater than 100
 b) Around 1
 c) Less than 1
 d) Approximately 50
  Answer: c) Less than 1
44. What does JFET stand for?
 a) Junction-Free Electron Transistor
 b) Junction Field-Effect Transistor
 c) Junction-Friendly Electron Transistor
 d) Jointly-Fabricated Electron Transistor
 Answer: b) Junction Field-Effect Transistor
45. JFETs are primarily used as:
 a) Voltage regulators
 b) Power amplifiers
 c) Current mirrors
 d) Switching devices
 Answer: d) Switching devices
46. In a JFET, the control of output current is achieved by:
 a) Varying the base current
 b) Varying the gate-source voltage
 c) Varying the collector-emitter voltage
 d) Varying the drain-source voltage
 Answer: b) Varying the gate-source voltage
47. In a JFET, which terminal controls the flow of current between the source and
drain?
 a) Source
 b) Drain
 c) Gate
 d) Body
 Answer: c) Gate
48. What is the typical input impedance of a JFET?
 a) Low
 b) Moderate
 c) High
 d) It depends on the biasing conditions
 Answer: c) High
49. In which region does a JFET act as a voltage-controlled resistor?
 a) Cut-off
 b) Saturation
 c) Linear or Ohmic
 d) Inversion
 Answer: c) Linear or Ohmic
50. What is the relationship between the gate-source voltage (VGS) and the drain-
source voltage (VDS) in the saturation region of a JFET?
 a) VGS < VDS
 b) VGS = VDS
 c) VGS > VDS
 d) There is no specific relationship between VGS and VDS
 Answer: a) VGS < VDS
51. What is a transducer?
a) A device that converts energy from one form to another
b) A device that stores electrical energy
c) A device that amplifies electrical signals
d) A device that measures temperature
Answer: a) A device that converts energy from one form to another
52. What type of transducer converts mechanical energy into electrical energy?
a) Thermistor
b) Photovoltaic cell
c) Accelerometer
d) Piezoelectric transducer
Answer: d) Piezoelectric transducer
53. Which of the following is an advantage of using transducers?
a) Low sensitivity
b) Limited applications
c) High accuracy
d) Inability to interface with electronic systems
Answer: c) High accuracy
54. What is the basic principle of operation of a resistive transducer?
a) Change in resistance due to temperature
b) Generation of voltage due to magnetic field
c) Generation of voltage due to mechanical stress
d) Generation of voltage due to light intensity
Answer: a) Change in resistance due to temperature
55. What is the primary function of a thermocouple?
a) Measure pressure
b) Measure temperature
c) Measure displacement
d) Measure light intensity
Answer: b) Measure temperature
56. Which transducer is commonly used in accelerometers?
a) Capacitive
b) Inductive
c) Resistive
d) Piezoelectric
Answer: d) Piezoelectric
57. Which of the following is an example of an active transducer?
a) Thermocouple
b) Photodiode
c) Strain gauge
d) Thermistor
Answer: b) Photodiode
58. Which transducer type is commonly used in applications where signal
amplification is necessary?
a) Active transducers
 b) Passive transducers
c) Both active and passive transducers
d) Neither active nor passive transducers
Answer: a) Active transducers
59. Which transducer type is typically more rugged and durable?
a) Active transducers
b) Passive transducers
c) Both active and passive transducers
d) Neither active nor passive transducers
Answer: b) Passive transducers
60. What is a potential drawback of active transducers?
a) They are less accurate
b) They are more susceptible to noise
c) They require frequent calibration
d) They have lower output impedance
Answer: b) They are more susceptible to noise
61. What is the primary advantage of active transducers?
a) They are less expensive
b) They have a simpler design
c) They offer higher sensitivity and accuracy
d) They require less maintenance
Answer: c) They offer higher sensitivity and accuracy
62. What is the primary purpose of earthing in electrical systems?
a) To provide a path for lightning to strike
b) To stabilize voltage levels
c) To prevent electric shocks and ensure safety
d) To increase electrical resistance
Highlighted Answer: c) To prevent electric shocks and ensure safety
63. Which type of earthing is commonly used in residential and small commercial
installations?
a) Plate Earthing
b) Rod Earthing
c) Pipe Earthing
d) Chemical Earthing
Highlighted Answer: b) Rod Earthing
64. What is the main advantage of Plate Earthing over Rod Earthing?
a) Lower cost
b) Better conductivity
c) Requires less space
d) More suitable for rocky soil
Highlighted Answer: c) Requires less space
65. Which parameter is used to determine the suitable rating of an MCCB for a
specific application?
a) Voltage
b) Power factor
c) Current
d) Resistance
Highlighted Answer: c) Current
66. What does MCCB stand for in the context of electrical engineering?
a) Modular Circuit Control Breaker
b) Miniature Current Control Box
c) Molded Case Circuit Breaker
d) Main Control Circuit Breaker
Highlighted Answer: c) Molded Case Circuit Breaker
67. What is the primary function of an MCCB in an electrical system?
a) To regulate voltage levels
b) To control the flow of current
c) To provide surge protection
d) To store electrical energy
Highlighted Answer: b) To control the flow of current
68. What is the typical tripping mechanism employed in MCBs?
a) Thermal
b) Magnetic
c) Mechanical
d) Electronic
Highlighted Answer: b) Magnetic
69. In which part of an electrical circuit is an MCB usually installed?
a) Between the load and the power source
b) Between the generator and the transformer
c) Between the capacitor and the inductor
d) Between the neutral and the earth
Highlighted Answer: a) Between the load and the power source
70. What does MCB stand for in electrical engineering?
a) Main Circuit Breaker
b) Miniature Circuit Breaker
c) Maximum Current Breaker
d) Magnetic Control Breaker
Highlighted Answer: b) Miniature Circuit Breaker