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Learning Objectives
At the end of this course packet 03,
learners should be able to:

Define Intellectual Property Rights

1 and identify its example;

Discuss the concept of copyright and

2 plagiarism in the Philippines’
educational setting.
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Introduction

Digitalization is also fundamental to a thoroughly 21st-century

education. Embedding technology in teaching methods and
knowing how to use it strategically for the benefit of the
learning process is very important.

21st-century learners are the advanced users of technology

that even at an early age they are already interacting online.
Therefore, 21st-century teachers need to be well-equipped as
facilitators so they can empower their students in return.
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Introduction

For the past year, we have already proved that bringing

technology in education could be seen as the reason, or it could
be harnessed to improve student engagement and
effectiveness. But there could be negative instances that
technology can harm the learners if they used it for the wrong
reason. For this reason, teachers must be well-informed on
different topics and be a step ahead of the technology in use.
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WHAT IS INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY RIGHTS?

Intellectual property rights, according to the World Trade

Organization, are the rights given to people over the creations of
their minds. They usually give the creator an exclusive right over
the use of their creation for a certain period of time. They will be
able to enjoy the full benefit of their inventions as they would be
compensated for their creations.
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Intellectual Property
1 Inventions

Intellectual property 2 Designs and symbols

(IP) refers to
creations of the 3 Literary and artistic works
mind such as:

4 Names

5 Images used in commerce

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Copyright and Related Rights

Trademarks and Service Marks

Geographic Indications

Industrial Designs

Patents

Layout - Designs (Topographies)

of Integrated Circuits

Protection of Undisclosed Information

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WHAT IS COPYRIGHT?

Copyright refers to the legal right given to the

owner of the original work or intellectual
property.
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Copyright
As stated in Section 172 of Republic Act 8293 (Intellectual Property
Code of the Philippines), literary and artistic works, “works”, are original
intellectual creations in the literary and artistic domain protected from
the moment of their creation and shall include in particular:

a Books, pamphlets, articles, and other writings;

b Periodicals and newspapers;

Lectures, sermons, addresses, dissertations prepared for oral

c delivery, whether or not reduced in writing or other material
forms;

d Letters;
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Copyright
As stated in Section 172 of Republic Act 8293 (Intellectual Property
Code of the Philippines), literary and artistic works, “works”, are original
intellectual creations in the literary and artistic domain protected from
the moment of their creation and shall include in particular:

Dramatic or dramatico-musical compositions; choreographic

e works or entertainment in dumb shows;

f Musical compositions, with or without words;

Works of drawing, painting, architecture, sculpture, engraving,

g lithography or other works of art; models or designs for works
of art;

h Drawings or plastic works of a scientific or technical character;

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Copyright
As stated in Section 172 of Republic Act 8293 (Intellectual Property
Code of the Philippines), literary and artistic works, “works”, are original
intellectual creations in the literary and artistic domain protected from
the moment of their creation and shall include in particular:

Original ornamental designs or models for articles of

i manufacture, whether or not registrable as an industrial
design, and other works of applied art;

Illustrations, maps, plans, sketches, charts and three-

j dimensional works relative to geography, topography,
architecture or science;

Photographic works including works produced by a process

k analogous to photography, and lantern slides;
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Copyright
As stated in Section 172 of Republic Act 8293 (Intellectual Property
Code of the Philippines), literary and artistic works, “works”, are original
intellectual creations in the literary and artistic domain protected from
the moment of their creation and shall include in particular:

Audiovisual works and cinematographic works and works

l produced by a process analogous to cinematography or any
process for making audio-visual recordings;

m Pictorial illustrations and advertisements;

n Computer programs;

o Other literary, scholarly, scientific and artistic works.

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a Works of joint authorship

The term of protection for

copyright in literary and Works of anonymous or
b
artistic works, and in pseudonymous works
derivative works is
generally the lifetime of the
author plus fifty (50) years.
c Photographic works

However, different rules

may apply in the following:
d Works of applied art

e Audio-visual works
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WHAT IS COPYRIGHT
INFRINGEMENT?

Copyright infringement is the use of works without

permission where the copyright holder has the
exclusive right to reproduce, distribute, display or
perform the protected work, or to make derivative
works.
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Proper citations and giving credit to the owner of the idea

should be essential when using someone’s idea in your
writing to avoid you from violating the copyright law.
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Contrary to popular opinion,

all materials on the
internet are copyrighted
unless stated otherwise. It
is copyrighted even if it
does not display the
copyright symbol.

1
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An email is an original work,

fixed in a tangible medium of
expression, that is covered by
copyright. Hence, it is
recommended that you
should not forward any email
without permission, in
consideration of both
copyright and the Privacy Act.

2
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Downloading an article from a newspaper’s website, making

copies, and distributing them to your students prior to a
class discussion on the topic is permissible following the
current photocopying guidelines which permit making
multiple copies for classroom use. The exception would be
individually bylined, copyrighted articles, or articles
from a source specifically designed for the educational
market where such articles cannot be copied legally for
class distribution (adapted from Becher, 2003).

3
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You cannot post students’

essays, poems, or other
works on the school
website unless you have
the permission of the
students and their parents
or guardians.

4
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Educators should treat

copyrighted materials from
the internet the same way
they do not print formats.
The best guideline is always
to obtain permission. When
in doubt, ask.

5
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WHAT IS PLAGIARISM?

Plagiarism is another violation of intellectual property. Oxford

defines plagiarism as presenting someone else’s work or ideas
as your own, with or without their consent, by incorporating it
into your work without full acknowledgement.
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Plagiarism and copyright both have a great deal in

common. But it is important to understand the
differences and similarities between plagiarism and
copyright infringement. This is because, even though
the two have a great deal of overlap, they also have key
differences that content creators need to be aware of.
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The right to reproduce (copy)

a work.
Copyright Infringement is
simply any infringement on The right to create derivative
the rights of a copyright b works based upon it.
holder. Copyright law gives a
copyright holder (usually the The right to distribute copies of
creator of the work) a set of c the work to the public.
rights that they and they
alone can exploit legally The right to publicly display or
(save for exceptions such as d perform the work.
fair use). Those rights
include:
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The mind is just like a muscle —

This means a wide variety of activities can be copyright
i n f r i n g i n g i n c lthe more
uding p e r f o you
r m i n gexercise
a c o p y r i g hit,
ted play without

the stronger it gets and the

permission, writing an unauthorized sequel to a work or
simply making copies of the work.
more it can expand.
To make it short, copyright infringement is a very broad
term, rooted in the law, that covers a wide range of
unlawful activities that violate the rights (granted by the
law) to copyright holders.
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Turning in someone else's work

a a
as your own.
Plagiarism, according to
Copying words or ideas from
Plagiarism.org, is an act of
b someone else without giving
credit. fraud. It involves both
stealing someone else's
Failing to put a quotation in
c quotation marks.
work and lying about it
afterward.

Giving incorrect information

d about the source of a quotation. The following are
considered plagiarism:
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Changing words but copying the a

a sentence structure of a source
Plagiarism, according to
without giving credit.
Plagiarism.org, is an act of
Copying so many words or ideas fraud. It involves both
from a source that it makes up stealing someone else's
the majority of your work, work and lying about it
b whether you give credit or not afterward.
(see our section on "fair use"
rules).
The following are
considered plagiarism:
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Copying media (especially
images) from other websites to
a paste them into your own
papers or websites. a

Making a video using footage

from others’ videos or using
b copyrighted music as part of the
soundtrack. For images, videos and
music, the following are
Performing another person’s
considered plagiarism:
c copyrighted music (i.e., playing a
cover).

Composing a piece of music

d that borrows heavily from
another composition.