CONTENT STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD

The learner demonstrates The learner transfers learning by:

communicative competence through
his/ her understanding of Philippine
Literature and other texts types for a
deeper appreciation of Philippine
Culture
showing appreciation for the literature
of the past; comprehending texts
using appropriate reading styles;
participating in conversations using
appropriate context-dependent
expressions.

LEARNING COMPETENCY:

 Use the principles of parallel structure to organize sentences.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
 Recognize faulty parallels in their writing;
 Balance parallel items in a series using conjunctions;
 Use parallelism to create coherence and balance in writing.
 Values Integration: Enhance writing skills critically.
 DWCC Core Value: Excellence

Dear Lord and Father of all, Thank you for today. Thank you for ways in which
you provide for us all. For Your protection and love we thank you. Help us to
focus our hearts and minds now on what we are about to learn. Inspire us by
Your Holy Spirit as we listen and write. Guide us by your eternal light as we
discover more about the world around us. We ask all this in the name of Jesus.
Amen.

PAGE 1| | ENG 8 M 1-2 Q4

Property of Divine Word College of Calapan
Don not reproduce nor disseminate without the
owner’s consent.
 PARALLEL STRUCTURE

What is Parallel Structure?

Parallelism means using the same pattern of
words to show that two or more elements in the
sentence have the same level of importance. A
good writer uses parallelism to create clear and
concise sentences, and also to reduce the work
that the reader must do to understand the
author's meaning. For example,
Doris went shopping and bought a pair of high
heels, a new CD and a new pair of glasses.
Because each item on Doris' list is presented in
the same form, the reader perceives that each
item is of equal importance. If, on the other
hand, the sentence were to read as follows, the
reader would have difficulty following the
writer's ideas:
Doris went shopping and bought a pair of high
heels, a new CD, and she found a new pair of
glasses.
Here, the balance is thrown off and the
sentence becomes more difficult for the reader
to process.
Having parallel structure becomes even more
significant when two or more ideas are to be
presented as having equal importance; for
example,
Dorothy survived a tornado, crash-landed in a
foreign land, travelled across a vast
countryside, and defeated an evil witch.
With parallel structure, the reader can quickly
process information and see relationships
between ideas. Strong writers use parallel
structure to organize words, phrases, clauses,
and even whole essays to guide readers
through their ideas.

EXAMPLES OF PARALLELISM It is important to note that one need not make

all elements in a series exactly parallel; for
The film Some Like it Hot is funny, well-written, instance, when all elements are nouns, some of
and daring for its time. (All parallel elements are the elements might also be accompanied by
adjectives) other words to complete an idea as in this
Some Like It Hot tells the story of two example:
musicians, Joe and Jerry (Tony Curtis and Jack Joe and Jerry both fall for "Sugar" Kowalczyk
Lemmon), who are on the run from a Chicago (Marilyn Monroe), the band's ukulele
gang after witnessing the Saint Valentine's Day player and vocalist, and fight for her
massacre of 1929. (Parallel elements are proper affection while maintaining their
nouns) disguises. (adapted from Wikipedia.org)
Broke,frightened,and desperate, Joe and Jerr Note that only one of the parallel nouns
y disguise themselves as women and join an all- ("vocalist" and "player") is accompanied by an
girl band headed to Florida. (Parallel elements are adjective ("ukulele"—an adjective here because
adjectives, nouns, and verbs) it modifies the noun "player")

PAGE 2| | ENG 8 M 1-2 Q4

Property of Divine Word College of
Calapan
Don not reproduce nor disseminate
without the owner’s consent.
 WHEN DOES IT BECOME FAULTY?

FAULTY PARALLELISM happens when the parts of your series do

not follow the same structure or format.

Faulty parallelism is one of the major grammatical sins in the

English language. When you come across faulty parallelism, it
clangs off the ear, destroys written sentences, and muddies any
intention the author may have had. The previous sentence is an
example of correct parallelism, but more on that below.

When items in a series do not have the same form, the sentence will sound awkward
and out of balance. The reader is forced to do much more work to figure out the
author's meaning than is fair. Consider the following problematic sentences and their
corrections:

Faulty Parallel:
Sugar is only interested in dating millionaires and security.

Corrected:
Sugar is only interested in dating millionaires and finding security.

Faulty Parallel:
Joe comes up with a second disguise to get Sugar's attention: He wears a white sportscoat, a
captain's cap, mimics Cary Grant, and claims to be the heir of Shell Oil.

Corrected:
Joe comes up with a second disguise to get Sugar's atttention: He wears a white sport-coat and
captain's cap, mimics Cary Grant's accent, and claims to be the heir of Shell Oil.
(In this version, each element begins with a verb. In the previous version, some elements began
with verbs, while others began with nouns. Parallel structure is created by joining the first two
wardrobe elements into a single element.)

Common Trouble Spots...

When revising your work, look out for these common sources of trouble with parallel structure:

PAGE 3| | Shifts
ENG 8inMtype
1-2 Q4of phrase or clause:
Be sure to stay consistent with the types of phrases you use. Shifts
Property in phrase
of Divine Wordtype create
College of confusion:
Faulty Parallel: Calapan
She hates to study, to work, and going to school, but she Don notpartying.
loves reproduce nor disseminate
without the owner’s consent.
Corrected:
She hates studying, working, and going to school, but she loves partying.
 ACTIVITY NO. 1
Directions: Place a check by the parallel sentence in each pair.
1a.___ The employee was conscientious, devoted, and he worked hard.
1b.___ The employee was conscientious, devoted, and hard-working.
2a.___ The camp has several fields for games and swimming in the lake.
2b.___ The camp has several fields for games and a swimming area in the lake.
3a.___ Andy wanted neither the assignment at Columbus nor the job at Toledo.
3b.___ Andy wanted neither the assignment at Columbus nor to be sent to Toledo.
4a.___ Eve is an excellent tennis player, serving fast and being good at volleying.
4b.___ Eve is an excellent tennis player, having a fast serve and a good volley.
5a.___ She was both a good skier and liked to play basketball.
5b.___ She was both a good skier and a fine basketball player.
6a.___ He told me to shut up, mind my own business, and leave him alone.
6b.___ He told me to shut up, mind my own business, and to leave him alone

ACTIVITY NO. 2

Directions: Revise each of the following sentences. Write your answer on the space
provided.

7. Customers may climbing the stairs, ride the escalator, or taking the elevator.
_____________________________________________________________
8. I will meet you either at the movie or see you later at the party.
_____________________________________________________________
9. Jake knew he had to run or stayed to face the consequences.
_____________________________________________________________
10. I was told that finishing high school and to enroll in college would be wise.
_____________________________________________________________
11. He didn’t know whether to study first or be watching television.
_____________________________________________________________
12. To sleep and eating were his main occupations.
_____________________________________________________________
13. In the evenings we would swim in the lake and dancing afterwards.
_____________________________________________________________
14. Either he should do it or let me do it.
_____________________________________________________________
15. Her ambition was both to act in movies and writing a book about her experiences.
______________________________________________________________
16. He put the model together neatly, accurately, and with a great deal of skill.
______________________________________________________________
17. Mary likes to paint, sew, and playing the piano is another hobby.
______________________________________________________________
18. That mask will not only scare Billy but also the cat.
______________________________________________________________
19. He had to have the suit both altered and to have it cleaned.
______________________________________________________________
20. Either say what you have to say or I wish you would sit down.
______________________________________________________________

PAGE 4| | ENG 8 M 1-2 Q4

Property of Divine Word College of
Calapan
Don not reproduce nor disseminate
without the owner’s consent.
PAGE 5| | ENG 8 M 1-2 Q4
Property of Divine Word College of
Calapan
Don not reproduce nor disseminate
without the owner’s consent.
 LEARNING MATERIALS/ RESOURCES

 https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/07/15/philippines-uses-drug-war-tactics-fight-covid-19
 https://www.theidioms.com/verbs/
 https://www.google.com/search?q=review+activity+about+adverbs&sxsrf=ALeKk002Zjn74Ykm7eCHGpGVT_RyY6
58xg:1596699011732&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiO66Crh4brAhVzyYsBHXATBqMQ_AUoAXo
ECA0QAw&biw=1366&bih=657#imgrc=8a2b5zF0OaFjnM
 https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=activities+about+verbs&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwj40v6X0LrrAhXVxIsBHfIPB
vAQ2cCegQIABAA&oq=activities+a+verbs&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgYIABAHEB4yCAgAEAgQBxAeMggIABAI
EAcQHjIICAAQCBAHEB4yCAgAEAgQBxAeMggIABAIEAcQHjIICAAQCBAHEB4yCAgAEAgQBxAeMggIABAIEAcQ
HjIICAAQCBAHEB46BAgAEB46BAgjECc6AggAUMOSEFiirhBg2LwQaAJwAHgAgAGkAYgB6gSSAQM2LjGYAQC
gAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ8ABAQ&sclient=img&ei=OUFHX7jSHtWJr7wP8p- YgA8&bih=657&biw=1366#imgrc=xjdDqdCN0_-H7M
 https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=examples+of+transitive+and+intransitive+verbs&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUK
EwiTkbn6zrrrAhUJYZQKHe-2CZIQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=examples+of+tra+verbs&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgBMgYIABAHEB4yBggAEAcQHjIGCAAQ
BxAeMgYIABAHEB4yCAgAEAcQBRAeMggIABAHEAUQHjIICAAQBxAFEB4yCAgAEAcQBRAeMggIABAHE
AUQHjIICAAQCBAHEB46BAgjECc6AggAUJj4DVjchA5g05AOaABwAHgAgAGRAYgB9QSSAQM2LjGYAQC
gAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ8ABAQ&sclient=img&ei=7z9HX9PdBonC0QTv7aaQCQ&bih=657&biw=1366#img rc=4ZZdcaGcjmuSEM
 https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=examples+of+main+verbs&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwja5dzvzrrrAhV1zIs
BHQQsBfkQ2cCegQIABAA&oq=examples+of+main+verbs&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzICCAAyAggAMgYIABAHE
B4yBggAEAUQHjIGCAAQCBAeMgQIABAYOggIABAHEAUQHjoICAAQCBAHEB5Qs5cBWJWdAWD9nwFoA
HAAeACAAXaIAd4DkgEDMy4ymAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWfAAQE&sclient=img&ei=2D9HX9qZJvWYr
7wPhNiUyA8&bih=657&biw=1366#imgrc=y3goQtRKgUu3OM&imgdii=yJefT3ragoauhM
 https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=examples+of+main+verbs&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwja5dzvzrrrAhV1zIs BHQQsBfkQ2-

Prepared by: Reviewed by:

MR.JOMARI A. UY MS. VANESA JOANNE R. NALUZ

Subject Teacher Subject Coordinator

Checked by: Recommended by :

MRS. LENY E. CANTOS DR. FEDELIZA A. NAMBATAC

Academic Coordinator Principal

Approved by:

BR. HUBERTUS GURU , SVD

Director, Basic Education

PAGE 6| | ENG 8 M 1-2 Q4

Property of Divine Word College of
Calapan
Don not reproduce nor disseminate
without the owner’s consent.