Reavaliação da 2ª média de Cálculo 1 27/11/2015 Carlos Alberto

1. (𝑎) 𝑀𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑎 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎çã𝑜 2𝑥 − 1 = sen 𝑥 𝑡𝑒𝑚 𝑒𝑥𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑟𝑎í𝑧 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙.

𝑆𝑒𝑗𝑎 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 1 − sen 𝑥 . 𝐷𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑚𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑖 𝑒𝑥𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒

𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑟𝑎í𝑧 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙.

𝑓(0) = 2. (0) − 1 − sen 0 = 0 − 1 − 0 = −1 ; 𝑓(0) = −1 < 0

𝑓(𝜋) = 2𝜋 − 1 − sen 𝜋 = 2𝜋 − 1 − 0 = 2𝜋 − 1 ; 𝑓(𝜋) = 2𝜋 − 1 > 0

𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑓 é 𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖çã𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛çõ𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡í𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑠 𝑒𝑚 ℝ 𝑒, 𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜, 𝑓 é 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡í𝑛𝑢𝑎 𝑛𝑜

𝑒𝑚 ℝ. 𝐿𝑜𝑔𝑜, 𝑓 é 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡í𝑛𝑢𝑎 𝑛𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜 𝑓𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑑𝑜 [0, 𝜋] 𝑒 0 é 𝑢𝑚 𝑛ú𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑓(0) 𝑒
𝑓(𝜋), 𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝑓(0) < 0 < 𝑓(𝜋), 𝑒𝑛𝑡ã𝑜 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑇𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑎 𝑑𝑜 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖á𝑟𝑖𝑜, 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒
𝑎𝑙𝑔𝑢𝑚 𝑛ú𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑥 ∈ (0, 𝜋) 𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑓(𝑥) = 0. 𝐶𝑜𝑚 𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑜, 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑖
𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑟𝑎í𝑧 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑚 (0, 𝜋).

𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑜𝑛ℎ𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑎 𝑑𝑢𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑎í𝑧𝑒𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑖𝑠 a 𝑒 b 𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑓(𝑎) = 𝑓(𝑏) = 0. 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑓
é 𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡í𝑛𝑢𝑎 𝑛𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜 𝑓𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑑𝑜 [𝑎, 𝑏] 𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖á𝑣𝑒𝑙 𝑛𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜
𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑜 (𝑎, 𝑏), 𝑒 𝑓(𝑎) = 𝑓(𝑏) 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑇𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑅𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑎𝑙𝑔𝑢𝑚 𝑐 ∈ (𝑎, 𝑏) 𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑞𝑢𝑒
𝑓 ′ (𝑐) = 0.

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 2 − cos 𝑥 ;
−1 ≤ − cos 𝑥 ≤ 1
2 − 1 ≤ 2 − cos 𝑥 ≤ 2 + 1
1 ≤ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) ≤ 3

∗ 𝐿𝑜𝑔𝑜, 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) > 0, ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ 𝑒, 𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜, 𝑓 𝑛ã𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑖 𝑑𝑢𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑎í𝑧𝑒𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑖𝑠 𝑒, 𝑝𝑜𝑟
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖çã𝑜, 𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑖 𝑛𝑜 𝑚á𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑜 1 𝑟𝑎í𝑧 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙. 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑗á 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑎
𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡ê𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑟𝑎í𝑧 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑇𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑎 𝑑𝑜 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖á𝑟𝑖𝑜, 𝑒𝑛𝑡ã𝑜 𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑖
𝑒𝑥𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑟𝑎í𝑧 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙.

(𝑏) 𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑜𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜 𝑓(𝑥) =

2 cos 𝑥 − cos(2𝑥) , 𝑥 ∈ [0,2𝜋].

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = −2 sen 𝑥 + 2 sen(2𝑥)

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = −2 sen 𝑥 + 4 sen 𝑥 . cos 𝑥
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 2 sen 𝑥 (2 cos 𝑥 − 1)
Reavaliação da 2ª média de Cálculo 1 27/11/2015 Carlos Alberto

𝐶𝑜𝑚 𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑎𝑛á𝑙𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑚𝑎 𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑎𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑓 ′ (𝑥):

𝜋 5𝜋
(0) + + + + ( ) − − − − − −(𝜋) + + + + + + ( ) − − − −(2𝜋) 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
3 3

𝜋 5𝜋
𝑓 é 𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) > 0, 𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜, 𝑓 é 𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑒𝑚 (0, ) ∪ (𝜋, ).
3 3
𝜋 5𝜋
𝑓 é 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) < 0, 𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜, 𝑓 é 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑒𝑚 ( , 𝜋) ∪ ( , 2𝜋).
3 3

2. (𝑎) 𝑈𝑚 𝑡𝑟𝑖â𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑡â𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑡𝑒𝑚 𝑢𝑚 𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑚 𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑑𝑒 5𝑚 𝑒 â𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑑𝑜

𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑚 45°, 𝑐𝑜𝑚 𝑢𝑚 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠í𝑣𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒 ± 2°. 𝑈𝑠𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑟 𝑜
𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜 𝑛𝑜 𝑐á𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑑𝑜 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑟𝑜 𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑡𝑜.
𝜋 𝜋
𝑥 = 5 cotg 𝜃 ; ∆𝜃 = 𝑑𝜃 = ±2 𝑟𝑎𝑑 = ± 𝑟𝑎𝑑.
180 90

𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑑𝜃 ≪ 1𝑟𝑎𝑑, 𝑒𝑛𝑡ã𝑜 ∆𝑥 ≈ 𝑑𝑥. 𝐿𝑜𝑔𝑜,

∆𝑥 ≈ 𝑑𝑥
∆𝑥 ≈ 𝑥 ′ (𝜃). 𝑑𝜃
∆𝑥 ≈ −5. cossec 2 𝜃 . 𝑑𝜃
𝜋 𝜋
∆𝑥 ≈ −5. cossec 2 ( ) . (± )
4 90
𝜋 𝜋
∆𝑥 ≈ −5. (2). (± ) = ± 𝑚
90 9
𝜋
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝑜, 𝑜 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜 𝑛𝑜 𝑐á𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑑𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑜 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑟𝑜 𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑡𝑜 é ± 𝑚.
9

(𝑏) 𝑈𝑚𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡í𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎, 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑒𝑚 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑜𝑢𝑠𝑜, 𝑑á 𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑡𝑎 𝑛𝑢𝑚 𝑐í𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑜,
𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖çã𝑜 𝑠(𝑡) = 2 − cos[ln(𝑡 + 1)] . 𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑒𝑚 𝑞𝑢𝑒
𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒, 𝑎𝑝ó𝑠 𝑜 𝑖𝑛í𝑐𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑜 𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜, 𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡í𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑎 𝑎𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑜𝑢𝑠𝑜. 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑜
𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑜?

𝐼𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 (𝑡 = 0) 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑠(0) = 2 − cos[ln(1)] = 2 − cos 0 = 2 − 1 = 1.

sen[ln(𝑡 + 1)]
𝑠 ′ (𝑡) = 𝑣(𝑡) =
𝑡+1

𝑂 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑚 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡í𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑎 𝑎𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑜𝑢𝑠𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒 − 𝑠𝑒 𝑎𝑜 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑜 𝑡 > 0,

𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑠 ′ (𝑡) = 𝑣(𝑡) = 0.

𝑣(𝑡) = 0 ⟹ sen[ln(𝑡 + 1)] = 0

ln(𝑡 + 1) = 0 ⟹ 𝑡 = 0 (𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑎𝑜 𝑖𝑛í𝑐𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑜 𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜)

ln(𝑡 + 1) = 𝜋 ⟹ 𝑡 = 𝑒 𝜋 − 1.

∗ 𝑃𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜, 𝑡 = 𝑒 𝜋 − 1 é 𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒, 𝑎𝑝ó𝑠 𝑜 𝑖𝑛í𝑐𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑜 𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜, 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡í𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎

𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑎 𝑎𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑜𝑢𝑠𝑜.
Reavaliação da 2ª média de Cálculo 1 27/11/2015 Carlos Alberto

𝑂 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑜 é 𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 ∆𝑠 = 𝑠(𝑒 𝜋 − 1) − 𝑠(0).

𝑠(𝑒 𝜋 − 1) = 2 − cos[ln(𝑒 𝜋 )] = 2 − cos 𝜋 = 2 − (−1) = 3.

𝐿𝑜𝑔𝑜, 𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡í𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑜𝑖 ∆𝑠 = 3 − 1 = 2.

3. (𝑎) 𝑈𝑚 𝑎𝑣𝑖ã𝑜 𝑣𝑜𝑎 ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑎 𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑎𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑒 2𝑘𝑚, 𝑎 800 𝑘𝑚⁄ℎ , 𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎
𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑒 𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎çã𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑟. 𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑎 𝑡𝑎𝑥𝑎 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑎
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡â𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑖ã𝑜 𝑒 𝑎 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎çã𝑜 𝑎𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎, 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑙𝑒 𝑒𝑠𝑡á 𝑎 3𝑘𝑚 𝑑𝑎 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎çã𝑜.

𝑃𝑒𝑙𝑎 𝑖𝑙𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎çã𝑜 𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑚𝑎, 𝑡𝑖𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑎 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎çã𝑜:

𝐷2 = 22 + 𝑥 2
𝐷2 = 4 + 𝑥 2

𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝐷 = 3𝑘𝑚 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 …

𝑥 2 = 𝐷2 − 4 = 9 − 4 = 5 ∴ 𝑥 = √5𝑘𝑚

𝐷𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑎 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠ã𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑚 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎çã𝑜 𝑎𝑜 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑜, 𝑜𝑏𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠:

𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
(𝐷2 ) = (4) + (𝑥 2 )
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝐷 𝑑𝑥
2𝐷. = 0 + 2𝑥.
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝐷
𝑂𝑛𝑑𝑒 é 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑖ã𝑜, 𝑜𝑢 𝑠𝑒𝑗𝑎, 800𝑘𝑚 ⁄ℎ 𝑒 𝑎 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑚 𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎 𝑎 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡â𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑖ã𝑜 𝑒 𝑎 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎çã𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑟. 𝐿𝑜𝑔𝑜, 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝐷 = 3𝑘𝑚 𝑒
𝑥 = √5𝑘𝑚, 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠:

𝑑𝐷
2. (3). = 2. √5. 800
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝐷 800√5
= 𝑘𝑚⁄ℎ
𝑑𝑡 3
Reavaliação da 2ª média de Cálculo 1 27/11/2015 Carlos Alberto

∗ 𝑃𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜, 𝑎 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡â𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑖ã𝑜 𝑒 𝑎 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎çã𝑜 𝑒𝑠𝑡á 𝑎𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑎 𝑡𝑎𝑥𝑎 𝑑𝑒

800√5
𝑘𝑚⁄ℎ 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑖ã𝑜 𝑒𝑠𝑡á 𝑎 3𝑘𝑚 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡â𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑎 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎çã𝑜.
3

(𝑏) 𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑟í𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜𝑠, 𝑜 𝑑𝑜𝑚í𝑛𝑖𝑜 𝑒 𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 (𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑒

𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠) 𝑑𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥√4 − 𝑥 2 .

𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑖𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑟 𝑜 𝑑𝑜𝑚í𝑛𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜 𝑓(𝑥).

𝐷(𝑓) = {𝑥 ∈ ℝ; 4 − 𝑥 2 ≥ 0} ∴ 𝐷(𝑓) = {𝑥 ∈ ℝ; −2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2}

𝑥2 4 − 2𝑥 2 2(2 − 𝑥 2 )
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = √4 − 𝑥 2 − = = ; 𝐷(𝑓 ′ ) = {𝑥 ∈ ℝ; −2 < 𝑥 < 2}
√4 − 𝑥2 √4 − 𝑥2 √4 − 𝑥2

𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑓 é 𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡í𝑛𝑢𝑎 𝑛𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜 𝑓𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑑𝑜 [−2,2] 𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖á𝑣𝑒𝑙 𝑛𝑜

𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜 𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑜 (−2,2) 𝑝𝑜𝑑𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑟 𝑜 𝑀é𝑡𝑜𝑑𝑜 𝑑𝑜 𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜 𝐹𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎
𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑟 𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 (𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠) 𝑑𝑒 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑛𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜
𝑓𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑑𝑜 [−2,2].

𝑂𝑏𝑠1 : 𝑓 é 𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜 í𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑟, 𝑜𝑢 𝑠𝑒𝑗𝑎, 𝑓(𝑥) = −𝑓(−𝑥)

1. 𝑂𝑠 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑓 𝑛𝑎𝑠 𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜.

𝑓(−2) = −2√4 − (−2)2 = −2√4 − 4 = −2√0 = 0.

𝑓(2) = 2√4 − (2)2 = 2√4 − 4 = 2√0 = 0.

2. 𝑂𝑠 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑓 𝑛𝑜𝑠 𝑛ú𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑟í𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜𝑠.

∗ 𝑈𝑚 𝑛ú𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑐𝑟í𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜 𝑓 é 𝑢𝑚 𝑛ú𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑐 𝑛𝑜 𝑑𝑜𝑚í𝑛𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑓 𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒

𝑜𝑢 𝑓 ′ (𝑐) = 0 𝑜𝑢 𝑓 ′ (𝑐) 𝑛ã𝑜 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒.

𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑓 é 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣á𝑣𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑚 (−2,2) 𝑜𝑠 𝑛ú𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑟í𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑜𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑚 𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 0.

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 0 ⟹ 2 − 𝑥 2 = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 2 = 2 ∴ 𝑥 = ±√2
2
𝑓(√2) = √2√4 − √2 = √2. √4 − 2 = √2√2 = 2.

𝑈𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑜 𝑓𝑎𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑓 é 𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜 í𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑟: 𝑓(−√2) = −𝑓(√2) = −2.

3. 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑏𝑡𝑖𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑛𝑎𝑠 𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑠 1 𝑒 2, 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒

∗ 𝑓(√2) = 2 é 𝑜 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑚á𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑜 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑜 𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜 𝑓 𝑛𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜 [−2,2];

∗ 𝑓(−√2) é 𝑜 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑚í𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑜 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑜 𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜 𝑓 𝑛𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜 [−2,2];

4. (𝑎) 𝑃𝑒𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑛ℎ𝑜 𝑒𝑠𝑡á 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑝𝑖𝑝𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑚 3 𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑛ℎ𝑜𝑠 2𝑟 𝑐𝑚,
𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑧𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 − 𝑠𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑢𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑚é𝑑𝑖𝑜𝑠, 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑛𝑎 𝑓𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑎, 𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝑜 𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑜 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 é 𝑢𝑚
𝑒𝑖𝑥𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑜 ℎ𝑒𝑥á𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒. 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑜 â𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝜃 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑧𝑎 𝑎
á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑎 𝑝𝑖𝑝𝑎?
Reavaliação da 2ª média de Cálculo 1 27/11/2015 Carlos Alberto

𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑜 𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑜 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 é 𝑢𝑚 𝑒𝑖𝑥𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑑𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠

𝑛𝑜𝑠 𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑎𝑠 𝑎 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑜 ℎ𝑒𝑥á𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒.
𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑠𝑡ã𝑜 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑢 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑚é𝑑𝑖𝑜,
𝑒𝑛𝑡ã𝑜 𝑡𝑜𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑟𝑖â𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑜𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑛𝑜 ℎ𝑒𝑥á𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑜
𝑠ã𝑜 𝑖𝑠ó𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑚 𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑎𝑖𝑠 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑟 𝑐𝑚.

𝐷𝑎𝑑𝑜 2 𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑜 𝑡𝑟𝑖â𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑒 𝑜 â𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑠,

𝑎 á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑖â𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 é 𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠ã𝑜:

1
𝐴= 𝑎. 𝑏. sen 𝛼
2

∗ 𝑂 𝑡𝑟𝑖â𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑖 𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 𝜃, 𝑐𝑜𝑚 0 < 𝜃 < 𝜋 𝑒𝑛𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑠 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑠
𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎, 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑖 𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 𝑑𝑒 (𝜋⁄2 − 𝜃⁄2) 𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑢𝑚. 𝐿𝑜𝑔𝑜,

1 1 𝜋 𝜃 1 𝜃
𝐴1 = 𝑟 2 sen 𝜃 𝑒 𝐴2 = 𝐴3 = 𝑟 2 sen ( − ) = 𝑟 2 cos
2 2 2 2 2 2

∗ 𝑃𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜, 𝑎 á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑜 ℎ𝑒𝑥á𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 (𝑝𝑖𝑝𝑎) é 𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠ã𝑜:

𝜃
𝐴𝑇 (𝜃) = 𝑟 2 sen 𝜃 + 2𝑟 2 cos 𝜃 = 𝑟 2 (sen 𝜃 + 2 cos )
2
𝜃 𝜃
𝐴′ 𝑇 (𝜃) = 𝑟 2 (cos 𝜃 − sen ) ; cos 𝜃 = 1 − 2 sen2
2 2
𝜃 𝜃
𝐴′𝑇 (𝜃) = 𝑟 2 (−2 sen2 − sen + 1)
2 2
𝜃
𝐴𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟á𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎 𝑒𝑚 𝑖𝑛𝑐ó𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑎 sen , 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠:
2
∆= 1 + 8 = 9
𝜃 1±3 𝜃 𝜃 1
sen = ⟹ sen = −1 𝑒 sen =
2 −4 2 2 2
𝜃 𝜃
(−1) + + + + + + + + + (1⁄2) − − − − − − − (1) (−2 sen2 − sen + 1)
2 2

𝐴𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑜 𝑐í𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑚é𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑜 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜 𝐴′ 𝑇 (𝜃), 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠:

Reavaliação da 2ª média de Cálculo 1 27/11/2015 Carlos Alberto

𝜃 𝜋
𝑃𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑎 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑖𝑟𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎, 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 = 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑢𝑚 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑟í𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜
2 6
𝜋
𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑎𝑜 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑚á𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑜 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜 𝑑𝑎 á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑎 𝑝𝑖𝑝𝑎. 𝐿𝑜𝑔𝑜, 𝜃 = é
3
𝑜 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑜 â𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝜃 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑧𝑎 𝑎 á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑎 𝑝𝑖𝑝𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑃𝑒𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑛ℎ𝑜 𝑒𝑠𝑡á
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜.

(𝑏) 𝑂𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠 (−1,3) 𝑒 (0,2) 𝑒𝑠𝑡ã𝑜 𝑛𝑜 𝑔𝑟á𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑜 𝑑𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜 𝑓 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙

𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) = 2 − 4𝑥. 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑠𝑒 𝑜 𝑔𝑟á𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑎 𝑜 𝑔𝑟á𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑜 𝑑𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜
3𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 3
𝑔(𝑥) = .
3
2
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 2𝑥 2 + 𝐶1 ; 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 3 + 𝐶1 𝑥 + 𝐶2
3

𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠 (0,2) 𝑒 (−1,3) 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑚 𝑎𝑜 𝑔𝑟á𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑓, 𝑒𝑛𝑡ã𝑜 𝑓(0) = 2 𝑒

𝑓(−1) = 3. 𝑆𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑛𝑎 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠ã𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑓(𝑥), 𝑜𝑏𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠:

𝑓(0) = 𝐶2 ∴ 𝐶2 = 2

2 2
𝑓(−1) = 1 + − 𝐶1 + 2 = 3 ∴ 𝐶1 =
3 3
2 2 2
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 + 2 ; 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 3
3 3 3

𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒çã𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑒 𝑔(𝑥):

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑔(𝑥)
2 2 2
𝑥2 − 𝑥3 + 𝑥 + 2 = 𝑥2 − 𝑥3
3 3 3
2
𝑥+2=0
3
𝑥 = −3
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒çã𝑜: (−3, 𝑔(−3));

2
𝑔(−3) = (−3)2 − (−3)3 = 9 + 18 = 27. 𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒çã𝑜 𝑃 = (−3,27);
3

5. (𝑎) 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑠𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣á𝑣𝑒𝑙 𝑛𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) ≤ 5, 𝑓(2) = −1 𝑒

𝑓(4) = 10, 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑎 𝑎𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜 (2,4).

𝑆𝑒 𝑓 é 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡í𝑛𝑢𝑎 𝑛𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜 𝑓𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑑𝑜 [2,4] 𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣á𝑣𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑚 (2,4), 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑇𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑎

𝑑𝑜 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑀é𝑑𝑖𝑜, 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑎𝑙𝑔𝑢𝑚 𝑥 ∈ (2,4) 𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑞𝑢𝑒

𝑓(4) − 𝑓(2) 10 − (−1) 11

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = = = = 5,5
4−2 2 2

∗ 𝑃𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜, 𝑛ã𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑑𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑟 𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛çã𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣á𝑣𝑒𝑙 𝑛𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) ≤ 5 𝑐𝑜𝑚 𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑎𝑠
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖çõ𝑒𝑠, 𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑣𝑒𝑧 𝑞𝑢𝑒, 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑇𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑎 𝑑𝑜 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑀é𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑟, 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠,
𝑎𝑙𝑔𝑢𝑚 𝑥 ∈ (2,4) 𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 5,5.
Reavaliação da 2ª média de Cálculo 1 27/11/2015 Carlos Alberto

(𝑏) 𝐴 𝑓𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑎 𝑚𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎 𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑚 𝑐í𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑚 â𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝜃. 𝑆𝑒𝑗𝑎 𝐴(𝜃) 𝑎
á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑎 𝑃𝑅 𝑒 𝑜 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑜 𝑃𝑅. 𝑆𝑒𝑗𝑎 𝐵(𝜃) 𝑎 á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑜 𝑡𝑟𝑖â𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜
𝐴(𝜃)
𝑃𝑄𝑅. 𝐸𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 lim+ .
𝜃→0 𝐵(𝜃)

1 2 1 2 𝑟2
𝐴(𝜃) = 𝜃𝑟 − 𝑟 sen 𝜃 = (𝜃 − sen 𝜃)
2 2 2
1 1 𝑟2
𝐵(𝜃) = 𝑏 × ℎ = (𝑟 − 𝑟. cos 𝜃) × (𝑟. sen 𝜃) = (1 − cos 𝜃) sen 𝜃
2 2 2

𝐴(𝜃) 𝜃 − sen 𝜃 0
lim+ = lim+ ; 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎çã𝑜 𝑑𝑜 𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑜 " "
𝜃→0 𝐵(𝜃) 𝜃→0 (1 − cos 𝜃) sen 𝜃 0

𝐴𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑎 𝑅𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝐿′ 𝐻ô𝑠𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙, 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠:

𝜃 − sen 𝜃 1 − cos 𝜃 1 − cos 𝜃

lim+ = lim+ = lim ;
𝜃→0 (1 − cos 𝜃) sen 𝜃 𝜃→0 sen2 𝜃 − cos 2 𝜃 + cos 𝜃 𝜃→0+ −2 cos 2 𝜃 + cos 𝜃 + 1
1 − cos 𝜃 sen 𝜃 sen 𝜃
lim+ 2
= lim+ = lim+ =
𝜃→0 −2 cos 𝜃 + cos 𝜃 + 1 𝜃→0 4 sen 𝜃 cos 𝜃 − sen 𝜃 𝜃→0 sen 𝜃 (4 cos 𝜃 − 1)
1 lim 1 1 1
𝜃→0+
lim+ = = = .
𝜃→0 4 cos 𝜃 − 1 lim+ 4 cos 𝜃 − lim+ 1 4 − 1 3
𝜃→0 𝜃→0