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Coordinate Geometry
Coordinate Geometry
Coordinate Geometry
CHAPTER 7
C oordinate Geometry
3#y+1#5
2 =
3+1
3y + 5
2 =
4
4. The distance between the points (a cos θ + b sin θ, 0), coordinates of point A is (0, - 4).
and (0, a sin θ − b cos θ) is Thus (d) is correct option.
(a) a2 + b2 (b) a2 - b2
7. The distance of the point (- 12, 5) from the origin is
(c) a2 + b2 (d) a2 - b2
(a) 12 (b) 5
Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Standard]
(c) 13 (d) 169
We have x1 = a cos θ + b sin θ and y1 = 0 Ans :
and x2 = 0 and y2 = a sin θ − b cos The distance between the origin and the point (x, y)
is x2 + y2 .
d2 = (x2 − x1) 2 + (y2 − y1) 2
Therefore, the distance between the origin and point
= (0 − a cos θ − b sin θ) 2 + (a sin θ − b cos θ − 0) 2
(- 12, 5)
= a2 # 1 + b2 # 1 = a2 + b2
Thus d2 = a2 + b2
d = a2 + b2
Therefore (c) is correct option.
8. Distance of point P (3, 4) from x -axis is
5. If the point P (k, 0) divides the line segment joining (a) 3 units (b) 4 units
the points A (2, - 2) and B (- 7, 4) in the ratio 1 : 2, (c) 5 units (d) 1 units
then the value of k is
Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Basic]
(a) 1 (b) 2
Point P (3, 4) is 4 units from the x -axis and 3 units
(c) - 2 (d) - 1
from the y -axis.
Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Standard]
= − 7 + 4 = − 3 =− 1
3 3
Thus k =− 1
Thus (d) is correct option. Thus (b) is correct option.
6. The coordinates of a point A on y -axis, at a distance 9. The distance of the point P (- 3, - 4) from the x -axis
of 4 units from x -axis and below it are (in units) is
(a) (4, 0) (b) (0, 4) (a) 3 (b) - 3
Ans : Ans :
[Board 2020 SQP Standard]
[Board 2020 Delhi Basic]
Because the point is 4 units down the x -axis i.e., co- Point P (- 3, - 4) is 4 units from the x -axis and 3
ordinate is - 4 and on y -axis abscissa is 0. So, the units from the y -axis.
Page 196 Coordinate Geometry Chap 7
5 = (1 − 4) 2 + (0 − p (c) 3 : 2, y = 3 (d) 3 : 2, y = 2
Ans :
25 = 9 + p2
p2 = 25 − 9 = 16 Let the required ratio be k : 1
p =! 4 6k − 4 (1)
Then, 2 =
k+1
Thus (c) is correct option.
or k =3
2
3
The required ratio is 2 : 1 or 3 : 2
3 (3) + 2 (3)
16. If the points (a, 0), (0, b) and (1, 1) are collinear, then Also, y = =3
3+2
1 + 1 equals Thus (c) is correct option.
a b
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 0 (d) - 1
Ans :
19. The point on the x -axis which is equidistant from the
Let the given points are A (a, 0), B (0, b) and C (1, 1).
points A (- 2, 3) and B (5, 4) is
Since, A, B, C are collinear.
Hence, ar (TABC) = 0 (a) (0, 2) (b) (2, 0)
(c) (3, 0) (d) (- 2, 0)
1 [a (b − 1) + 0 (1 − 0) + 1 (0 − b)] = 0
2 Ans :
ab - a - b = 0
Let P (x, 0) be a point on x -axis such that,
a + b = ab AP = BP
a+b = 1 AP 2 = BP 2
ab
(x + 2) 2 + (0 − 3) 2 = (x − 5) 2 + (0 + 4) 2
1+1 =1
a b x2 + 4x + 4 + 9 = x2 − 10x + 25 + 16
Thus (a) is correct option.
14x = 28
17. If the points A (4, 3) and B (x, 5) are on the circle with x =2
centre O (2, 3), then the value of x is
Hence required point is (2, 0).
(a) 0 (b) 1
Thus (b) is correct option.
(c) 2 (d) 3
Ans : 20. C is the mid-point of PQ , if P is (4, x), C is (y, - 1)
and Q is (- 2, 4), then x and y respectively are
Since, A and B lie on the circle having centre O . (a) - 6 and 1 (b) - 6 and 2
OA = OB (c) 6 and - 1 (d) 6 and - 2
2
(4 − 2) + (3 − 3) = 2 2
(x − 2) + (5 − 3) 2 Ans :
(3 − 0) 2 + ( 3 − 0) 2 = (3 − 0) 2 + (λ − 0) 2
9 + 3 = 9 + λ2
λ2 = 3 & λ = ! 3
Thus (d) is correct option.
23. The centroid of the triangle whose vertices are (3, - 7), = 0 + ^− 8h2 =
82 = 8
(- 8, 6) and (5, 10) is Thus (b) is correct option.
(a) (0, 9) (b) (0, 3) 26. The distance of the point P ^- 6, 8h from the origin is
(c) (1, 3) (d) (3, 5) (a) 8 (b) 2 7
Ans : (c) 10 (d) 6
Ans :
y + y2 + y3
Centroid is b x1 + x2 + x3 , 1 l Distance between the points ^x, y h and origin is given
3 3
as,
c m = b 3, 3 l
3 + (− 8) + 5 − 7 + 6 + 10 0 9
i.e. , d = x2 + y2
3 3
Distance between P ^- 6, 8h and origin is,
= (0, 3)
PO = ^6 h2 + ^− 8h2 = 36 + 64
Thus (b) is correct option.
= 100 = 10
24. The distance of the point P ^2, 3h from the x -axis is
Thus (c) is correct option.
(a) 2 (b) 3
Chap 7 Coordinate Geometry Page 199
27. The distance between the points (0, 5) and ^- 5, 0h is 29. The perimeter of a triangle with vertices (0, 4), (0, 0)
and (3, 0) is
(a) 5 (b) 5 2
(c) 2 5 (d) 10
Ans :
Distance between the points ^x1, y1h and ^x2, y2h is
given as,
d = ^x2 − x1h2 + ^y2 − y1h2
Here, x1 = 0 , y1 = 5 and x2 =− 5 , y2 = 0
Distance between the points (0, 5) and ^- 5, 0h
8− 5 − 0B + [0 − (− 5)] 2
2
d =
= 52 + 52 =
50 = 5 2 (a) 5 (b) 12
and AB = 32 + 42 = 5
Now, perimeter of TAOB is the sum of the length of
all its sides.
p = OA + OB + AB = 4 + 3 + 5 = 12
Hence, the required perimeter of triangle is 12.
However you can calculate perimeter direct from
diagram.
Thus (b) is correct option.
(a) 5 (b) 3
(c) 34 (d) 4 30. The point which lies on the perpendicular bisector of
the line segment joining the points A ^- 2, - 5h and
B ^2, 5h is
Ans :
Length of the diagonal is AB which is the distance
between the points A ^0, 3h and B ^5, 0h . (a) (0, 0) (b) (0, 2)
Distance between the points ^x1, y1h and ^x2, y2h is (c) (2, 0) (d) ^- 2, 0h
given as, Ans :
d = ^x2 − x1h + ^y2 − y1h
2 2
We know that, the perpendicular bisector of the
Here, x1 = 0 , y1 = 3 , and x2 = 5 , y2 = 0 any line segment divides the line segment into two
equal parts i.e., the perpendicular bisector of the line
Distance between the points A ^0, 3h and B ^5, 0h segment always passes through the mid-point of the
AB = ^5 − 0h2 + ^0 − 3h2 line segment.
Mid-point of the line segment joining the points
= 25 + 9 =
34 A ^- 2, - 5h and B ^2, 5h
Hence, the required length of its diagonal is 34 .
= b − 2 + 2 , − 5 + 5 l = ^0, 0h
Thus (c) is correct option. 2 2
Hence, (0, 0) is the required point lies on the
perpendicular bisector of the lines segment.
Thus (a) is correct option.
Let, AP : AB = m : n
Using section formula, we have,
4 = 8m + 2n
m+n
and 2 = 4m + n
m+n
Solving these as linear equation, we get,
m = 1 and n = 2
AP = 1
AB 2
AP = 1 AB
2
Thus (a) is correct option.
Thus (d) is correct option.
34. If the distance between the points ^4, p h and (1, 0) is
5, then the value of p is
32. If P ` a3 , 4 j is the mid-point of the line segment joining
the points Q ^- 6, 5h and R ^- 2, 3h , then the value of
(a) 4 only (b) ! 4
a is (c) - 4 only (d) 0
(a) - 4 (b) - 12 Ans :
(c) 12 (d) - 6 According to the question, the distance between the
Ans : points ^4, p h and (1, 0) is 5.
a =− 4 & a = − 12 p2 = 16 & p = ! 4
Now
3 Hence, the required value of p is ! 4 .
Thus (b) is correct option. Thus (b) is correct option.
33. The perpendicular bisector of the line segment joining 35. Assertion : The value of y is 6, for which the distance
the points A ^1, 5h and B ^4, 6h cuts the y -axis at between the points P ^2, - 3h and Q ^10, y h is 10.
m x + m x m1 y2 + m2 y1
(x, y) = c 1m2 + m 2 1 , m + m m AP2 = BP2
1 2 1 2
Using distance formula we have
(x, y) = b 2 # 4 + 1 # 1, 2 # 6 + 1 # 3 l
2+1 2+1 [(x − (− 2)] 2 + (0 − 0) 2 = (x + 6) 2 + (0 − 0) 2
= b 8 + 1, 12 + 3 l = b 9 , 15 l = (3 , 5)
(x + 2) 2 = (x + 6) 2
3 3 3 3
x2 + 4x + 4 = x2 + 12x + 36
8x =− 32
x =− 4
Hence, required point P is (- 4, 0).
Alternative :
You may easily observe that both point A ^- 2, 0h
and B ^6, 0h lies on x -axis because y ordinate is zero.
Very Short Answer Question Thus point P on x -axis equidistant from both point
must be mid point of A ^- 2, 0h and B ^6, 0h .
−2 + 6
48. Find the distance of a point P (x, y) from the origin. x= 2
=2
Ans : [Board 2018]
51. Find the coordinates of a point A, where AB is
Distance between origin (0, 0) and point P (x, y) is diameter of a circle whose centre is (2, - 3) and B is
the point (1, 4).
d = (x2 − x1) 2 + (y2 − y1) 2
Ans : [Board 2019 Delhi]
= (x − 0) 2 + (y − 0) 2
As per question we have shown the figure below.
= x2 + y2
Since, AB is the diameter, centre C must be the mid
point of the diameter of AB .
Distance between P and origin is x2 + y2 .
3 + k + 5 − 10 = 0 x+1 = 2
2 2
x+1 = 4 & x = 3
3+k = 5
2 and y -coordinate of C ,
3 + k = 10 & k = 10 − 3 = 7 y+4
=− 3
2
50. Write the coordinates of a point P on x -axis which
y + 4 =− 6 & y = − 10
is equidistant from the points A ^- 2, 0h and B ^6, 0h .
Hence, coordinates of point A are ^3, - 10h .
Ans : [Board 2019 OD]
Since it is equidistant from the points A (- 2, 0) and 52. Find the value of a, for which point P ^ a3 , 2h is the
B (6, 0) then midpoint of the line segment joining the Points
Q ^- 5, 4h and R ^- 1, 0h .
AP = BP
Ans : [Board Term-2 SQP 2016]
Chap 7 Coordinate Geometry Page 203
CA = ^0 − 3h2 + ^4 − 0h2
= 9 + 16 =
25 = 5
Since P is mid-point of QR , we have
a = − 5 + ^− 1h = − 6 =− 3
Thus perimeter of triangle is 4 + 3 + 5 = 12
3 2 2
Thus a =− 9
BQ
= 9 + 16
= 5 & AB = 7
AB 7 BQ 5
= 25 = 5
AB - BQ
= 7−5
BQ 5
54. Find the perpendicular distance of A ^5, 12h from the
y-axis. AQ
=2
Ans : [Board Term-2 2011] BQ 5
= 4 + 16 =
20 = 2 5 Using distance formula we have
Since 2 5 is less than 7, the point lies inside the ^4 − 1h2 + ^k − 0h2 = 5
circle.
32 + k2 = 25
56. Find the perimeter of a triangle with vertices ^0, 4h,
k2 = 25 − 9 = 16
^0, 0h and ^3, 0h .
Ans : [Board Term-2, 2011] k =! 4
We have A ^0, 4h, B ^0, 0h, and C ^3, 0h . 60. Find the coordinates of the point on y-axis which is
Page 204 Coordinate Geometry Chap 7
65. Find the ratio in which y -axis divides the line segment
joining the points A ^5, - 6h and B ^- 1, - 4h . Also find
the co-ordinates of the point of division.
Ans : [Delhi Set I, II, III, 2016]
k ^− 1h + 1 ^5 h k ^− 4h + 1 ^− 6h - 3n - 3 =− 2n − 5
(x, y) = e , o
k+1 k+1
5 - 3 = 3n − 2n
= b − k + 5 , − 4k − 6 l
2 =n
k+1 k+1
Ratio n = 2 or 2: 1
Since P lies on y axis, therefore x = 0 , which gives 1 1
5−k = 0 & k = 5 Now, y co-ordinate,
k+1
2 ^3 h + 1 ^− 4h
Hence required ratio is 5: 1, k = = 6−4 = 2
2+1 3 3
− 4 ^5 h − 6 − 13
Now y =
6
=
3 67. If the point P ^x, y h is equidistant from the points
Q ^a + b, b − a h and R ^a − b, a + b h , then prove that
Hence point on y -axis is 0, - 133 . bx = ay .
Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2012, OD 2016]
We have PQ = PR
8x − ^a + b hB + 8y − ^b − a hB
2 2
= 8x − ^a − b hB2 + 8y − ^b + a hB2
8x − ^a + b hB + 8y − ^b − a hB
2 2
= 9 + 16 = 25
Since TABC is a right angled triangle
BC2 = ^6 + 1h2 + ^4 − 3h2 AC2 = AB2 + BC2
= 49 + 1 = 50
49 + ^2 − t h2 = 25 + 16 + ^t + 2h2
CA2 = ^− 1 − 3h2 + ^3 − 0h2 49 + 4 − 4t + t2 = 41 + t2 + 4t + 4
= 16 + 9 = 25
53 - 4t = 45 + 4t
AB2 = CA2 or, AB = CA 8t = 8
Hence triangle is isosceles. t =1
70. Find the ratio in which the point P ^ 34 , 125 h divides the
line segment joining the point A ^ 12 , 32 h and ^2, - 5h .
Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2015]
Also, 25 + 25 = 50
k (2) + 1 ( 12 )
or, AB2 + CA2 = BC2 Now =3
k+1 4
Since Pythagoras theorem is verified, therefore
triangle is a right angled triangle. 8k + 2 = 3k + 3
72. If A ^4, 3h , B ^- 1, y h , and C ^3, 4h are the vertices of a 74. If the mid-point of the line segment joining A 8 x2 , y +2 1B
right triangle ABC, right angled at A, then find the and B ^x + 1, y − 3h is C ^5, - 2h , find x, y.
value of y . Ans : [Board Term-2 OD 2012, Delhi 2014]
Ans : [Board Term-2 OD 2015] If the mid-point of the line segment joining A 8 x2 , y +2 1B
As per question, triangle is shown below. and B ^x + 1, y − 3h is C ^5, - 2h , then at mid point,
x
+x+1
2
=5
2
3x + 1 = 10
2
3x = 18 & x = 6
y+1
+y−3
also 2
=− 2
2
y+1
+ y − 3 =− 4
2
y + 1 + 2y − 6 =− 8 & y = − 1
QR = 52 + 12 = 26
RS = 12 + 52 = 26
PS = 52 + 12 = 26
Since all the four sides are equal, PQRS is a rhombus.
Now PR = 12 + 52 = 26
Let C ^x, y h be the coordinate of 3rd vertex of TABC .
2 2
= 4 +4 =
32
Now AB2 = ^3 + 3h2 + ^2 − 2h2 = 36
Y ^ 32 h
2 2 2
PQ + QR = 2 # 26 = 52 =
BC2 = ^x + 3h2 + ^y − 2h2
Since TPQR is not a right triangle, PQRS is a
rhombus but not a square. AC2 = ^x − 3h2 + ^y − 2h2
78. Show that A ^- 1, 0h, B ^3, 1h, C ^2, 2h and D ^- 2, 1h are Since AB2 = AC2 = BC2
^x + 3h2 + ^y − 2h2 = 36
the vertices of a parallelogram ABCD.
(1)
Ans : [Board Term-2 2012]
^x − 3h2 + ^y − 2h2 = 36 (2)
Mid-point of AC , Since P (x, y) lie on y -axis, substituting x = 0 in (1)
− 1 + 2, 0 + 2 = 1, 1 we have
b 2 2 l b2 l
Chap 7 Coordinate Geometry Page 209
a =1
3
Line 2x − 3y − 5 = 0 will cut the x -axis at ^x, 0h . and
it must satisfy the equation of line.
2x - 5 = 0 & x = 5
2
Hence point is b , 0 l .
5
2
81. If the vertices of TABC are A ^5, - 1h, B ^- 3, - 2h,
C ^- 1, 8h, Find the length of median through A.
Ans : [Board Term-2 2012]
− 4 + y1
and -1 = & y1 = 2
2
0 = 1 + x2 & x = − 1
2
− 4 + y2
-1 = & y2 = 2
2
and Q respectively. If ^2, - 5h is the mid-point of PQ, As per question parallelogram is shown below.
then find the coordinates of P and Q.
Ans : [Board Term-2 OD 2017]
2+y
and -5 = & y = − 12
2
Hence, AP: PB = 2 : 7
p 0 + 29
= =1 87. If the line segment joining the points A ^2, 1h and
3 2 9
B ^5, - 8h is trisected at the points P and Q , find the
p =1 coordinates P.
3
Ans : [Board Term-2 OD Compt. 2017]
Now the point ^- 1, 3p h is ^- 1, 1h .
As per question, line diagram is shown below.
The line 5x + 3y + 2 = 0 , passes through the point
^- 1, 1h as 5 ^− 5h + 3 ^1 h + 2 = 0
85. If two adjacent vertices of a parallelogram are ^3, 2h
and ^- 1, 0h and the diagonals intersect at ^2, - 5h
then find the co-ordinates of the other two vertices.
Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2017] Let P ^x, y h divides AB in the ratio 1: 2
Let two other co-ordinates be ^x, y h and ^x , y h ' '
Using section formula we get
respectively using mid-point formula.
Chap 7 Coordinate Geometry Page 211
x = 1#5+2#2 = 3 Now x = m1 x2 + m2 x1
1+2 m1 + m2
y = 1 # − 8 + 2 # 1 =− 2 4 =
k (6) + 1 (2)
1+2 k+1
Hence coordinates of P are ^3, - 2h . 4k + 4 = 6k + 2
88. Prove that the points ^2, - 2h, ^- 2, 1h and ^5, 2h are 6k - 4k = 4 − 2
the vertices of a right angled triangle. Also find the
2k = 2 & k = 1
area of this triangle.
Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2016]
Thus point P divides the line segment AB in 1 : 1
ratio.
We have A ^2, - 2h, B ^- 2, 1h and ^5, 2h
m1 y2 + m2 y1
Now using distance formula we get Now y =
m1 + m2
AB2 = ^2 + 2h2 + ^− 2 − 1h2
1 # (− 3) + 1 (3)
m =
= 16 + 9 = 25
1+1
AB2 = 25 & AB = 5 . = −3 + 3 = 0
2
Thus AB = 5 .
Thus m = 0 .
Similarly BC2 = ^− 2 − 5h2 + ^1 − 2h2
= 49 + 1 = 50
BC2 = 50 & BC = 5 2
AC2 = ^2 − 5h2 + ^− 2 − 2h2
= 9 + 16 = 25
90. If the point C (- 1, 2) divides internally the line
2
AC = 25 & AC = 5 segment joining A (2, 5) and B (x, y) in the ratio 3 :4
find the coordinates of B .
Clearly AB2 + AC2 = BC2 Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Standard]
3y + 20 = 14
3y = 14 − 20 = − 6
Coordinate Geometry Chap 7
y =− 2 25 + a2 + 4 + 4a = 9 + a2 + 4 − 4a
Hence, the coordinates of B (x, y) is (- 5, - 2). 8a =− 16 & a = − 2
91. Find the ratio in which the segment joining the points Hence, point on y -axis is ^0 - 2h .
^1, - 3h and ^4, 5h is divided by x -axis? Also find the
coordinates of this point on x -axis. 93. If the point C ^- 1, 2h divides internally the line
Ans : [Board 2019 Delhi] segment joining the points A ^2, 5h and B ^x, y h in the
ratio 3: 4, find the value of x2 + y2 .
Let the required ratio be k : 1 and the point on x -axis
be ^x, 0h . Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2016]
− 12x + 36 − 4y + 4 = 4x + 4 − 12y + 36
Applying section formula we get
- 12x - 4y = 4x − 12y
3 # 2 + 4 # ^− 2h
x = =− 2
3+4 7 12y - 4y = 4x + 12x
3 # (− 4) + 4 # ^− 2h 8y = 16x
y = = − 20
3+4 7
y = 2x Hence Proved
Hence P is b- 2 , - 20 l . 97. The co-ordinates of the vertices of TABC are A ^7, 2h,
7 7
B ^9, 10h and C ^1, 4h . If E and F are the mid-points
of AB and AC respectively, prove that EF = 12 BC .
Ans : [Board Term-2 2015]
Co-ordinates of point E ,
x = 2 # 6 + 3 # 1 = 12 + 3 = 3 = 42 + 32
2+3 5
= 5 units
...(1)
and y = 2 # 7 + 3 # 2 = 14 + 6 = 4
2+3 5 Length BC = ^9 − 1h2 + ^10 − 4h2
Thus P ^x, y h = ^3, 4h = 82 + 62
As per question, rectangle ABCD, is shown below. Using section formula for x co-ordinate we have
1 ^3 h + k ^− 2h 3 − 2 # 73
x = = =3
1+k 1 + 73 2
Let the two points ^15, 5h and ^9, 20h are divided in
the ratio k : 1 by point P ^11, 15h .
Using Section formula, we get
Now AC = ^5 − 2h2 + ^6 + 1h2
x = m2 x1 + m1 x2
= 32 + 72 =
9 + 49 = 58 m2 + m1
BD = ^5 − 2h2 + ^− 1 − 6 2 1 ^15h + k ^9 h
11 =
1+k
= 32 + 72 =
9 + 49 = 58
Since AC = BD = 58 the diagonals of rectangle 11 + 11k = 15 + 9k
ABCD are equal.
k =2
Mid-point of AC ,
Thus ratio is 2 : 1.
= b 2 + 5, − 1 + 6 l = b 7 , 5 l
2 2 2 2 101.Find the point on y-axis which is equidistant from the
points ^5, - 2h and ^- 3, 2h .
Mid-point of BD ,
Ans : [Board Term-2 2014, Delhi 2012]
= b 2 + 5, 6 − 1 l = b 7 , 5 l
Let point be ^0, y h .
2 2 2 2
Since the mid-point of diagonal AC and mid-point of 52 + ^y + 2h2 = ^3 h2 + ^y − 2h2
diagonal BD is same and equal to ^ 75 , 52 h . Hence they
or, y2 + 25 + 4y + 4 = 9 − 4y + 4
bisect each other.
8y =− 16 or, y =− 2
99. Find the ratio in which the line segment joining the
points A ^3, - 3h and B ^- 2, 7h is divided by x -axis. or, Point ^0, - 2h
Also find the co-ordinates of point of division.
Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2014] 102.The vertices of TABC are A ^6, - 2h, B ^0, - 6h
and C ^4, 8h . Find the co-ordinates of mid-points of
We know that y co-ordinate of any point on the x - AB, BC and AC.
axis will be zero. Let (x, 0) be point on x axis which
Ans : [Board Term-2, 2014]
cut the line. As per question, line diagram is shown
below. Let mid-point of AB, BC and AC be D ^x1, y1h,
E ^x2, y2h and F ^x2, y3h . As per question, triangle is
shown below.
k =3
7
Chap 7 Coordinate Geometry Page 215
Using section formula, the co-ordinates of the points line segment joining the points A ^- 4, 3h and B ^2, 8h .
D, E, F are Also find the value of m.
Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]
For D, x1 = 6 + 0 = 3
2
As per question, line diagram is shown below.
y1 = − 2 − 6 =− 4
2
For E, x2 = 0 + 4 = 2
2
y2 = − 6 + 8 = 1
2 Let the ratio be k : 1.
Using section formula, we have
For F , x3 = 4 + 6 = 5
2 2k + ^− 4h
m = (1)
k+1
y3 = − 2 + 8 = 3
2
6 = 8k + 3 (2)
The co-ordinates of the mid-points of AB, BC and k+1
AC are D ^3, - 4h , E ^2, 1h and F ^5, 3h respectively.
8k + 3 = 6k + 6
2k = 3 & k = 3
2
Thus ratio is 32 : 1 or 3: 2.
Substituting value of k in (1) we have
103.Find the ratio in which the point ^- 3, p h divides the
line segment joining the points ^- 5, - 4h and ^- 2, 3h . 2 ^ 32 h + ^− 4h
Hence find the value of p. m = = 3− 4 = −1 = −2
2 +1
3 5
2
5
2
5
Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]
105.If A ^4, - 1h, B ^5, 3h, C ^2, y h and D ^1, 1h are the vertices
As per question, line diagram is shown below. of a parallelogram ABCD , find y.
Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]
p =2
3 1 (− 3) + 2 (1)
Now x1 = = −3 + 2 = −1
Hence ratio of division is 2: 1 and p = 2 1+3 3 3
3
104.Find the ratio in which the point p ^m, 6h divides the
1 (4) + 2 (− 2)
y1 = = 4−4 = 0
1+2 3
Page 216 Coordinate Geometry Chap 7
107.If ^a, b h is the mid-point of the segment joining the Substituting the value k = 8 we get
points A ^10, - 6h and B ^k, 4h and a − 2b = 18, find
the value of k and the distanceAB . x = b2 # 8 + 8l = 8
8+1 3
Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]
From given condition we have We have A ^3, 0h, B ^4, 5h, C ^- 1, 4h, D ^- 2, - 1h
a - 2b = 18 Diagonal AC , d1 = ^3 + 1h2 + ^0 − 4h2
Substituting value b = − 1 we obtain = 16 + 16 = 32
a + 2 = 18 & a = 16 = 16 # 2 = 4 2
= 14 2 #6 2
2
= 24 sq. unit.
108.Find the ratio in which the line 2x + 3y − 5 = 0 110.Find the ratio in which the line joining points
divides the line segment joining the points ^8, - 9h ^a + b, b + a h and ^a - b, b - a h is divided by the point
and ^2, 1h . Also find the co-ordinates of the point of ^a, b h .
division. Ans : [Board Term-2, 2013]
bk = b 1 ^8h + 2 ^5 h
Now x = =6
3
k =1
1 ^10h + 2 ^7 h
Thus ^a, b h divides A ^a + b, b + a h and B ^a - b, b - a h y = =8
3
in 1: 1 internally.
Thus P ^x1, y1h is P ^6, 8h . Since Q is the mid point of
PB , we have
x1 = 6 + 8 = 7
2
y1 = 8 + 10 = 9
2
33k + 22 = 24k + 24 114.The line segment joining the points A ^3, - 4h and
B ^1, 2h is trisected at the points P and Q. Find the
9k = 2 & k = 2 coordinate of the PQ.
9
Ans : [Delhi Compt. Set-II, 2017]
Hence, y = − 18 + 14 =− 4 Let P ^x1, y1h and Q ^x2, y2h trisect AB. Thus P divides
11 11
AB in the ratio 1: 2.
112.Find the co-ordinates of the points which divide the As per question, line diagram is shown below.
line segment joining the points ^5, 7h and ^8, 10h in 3
equal parts.
Ans : [Board Term-2 OD Compt. 2017]
Let P ^x1, y2h and Q ^x2, y2h trisect AB. Thus P divides
Using intersection formula
AB in the ratio 1: 2 x = 1#1+2#3 = 7
1+2 3
As per question, line diagram is shown below.
y = 1 # 2 + 2 #− 4 =− 2
1+2
Hence point P is b 7 , - 2 l
3
Using section formula we have, 115.Show that TABC with vertices A ^- 2, 0h, B ^0, 2h
and C ^2, 0h is similar to TDEF with vertices
Page 218 Coordinate Geometry Chap 7
D ^- 4, 0h, F ^4, 0h and E ^0, 4h . 117.In the given figure TABC is an equilateral triangle
Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2017, Foreign 2017] of side 3 units. Find the co-ordinates of the other two
vertices.
Using distance formula
AB = ^0 + 2h2 + ^2 − 0h2 = 4+
= 2 2 units
= 2 2 units
CA = ^− 2 − 2h2 + ^0 − 0h2 = 16
= 4 units
2 2 =2 2 =4=1 x =7
8 2 2
4 2 4 2
Since ratio of the corresponding sides of two similar
and ^x − 2h ^
2
+ y − 0h2 = 9
Ts is equal, we have
b 2 − 2l + y = 9
7 2
2
TABC ~TDEF
Hence Proved.
9 + y2 = 9 or, y2 = 9 − 9
4 4
y2 = 27 = 3 3
4 2
Hence C is c 7 , 3 3 m .
116.Find the co-ordinates of the point on the y - axis 2 2
which is equidistant from the points A ^5, 3h and 118.Find the co-ordinates of the points of trisection of the
B ^1, - 5h line segment joining the points ^3, - 2h and ^- 3, - 4h .
Ans : [Board Term-2 OD Compt. 2017] Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2017]
Let the points on y-axis be P ^0, y h Let P ^x1, y1h and Q ^x2, y2h trisect the line joining
Now PA = PB A ^3, - 2h and B ^- 3, - 4h .
As per question, line diagram is shown below.
PA2 = PB2
1 (− 3) + 2 (3)
x1 = =1
1+2
1 ^− 4h + 2 (− 2)
and y1 = =− 8
1+2 3
x2 = 1 − 3 = − 1
2
− 83 + ^− 4h
and y2 = = − 10
2 3
Hence the co-ordinates of P and Q are ^1, - 83 h and
^- 1, - 3 h
10
= 61 m
120.To conduct Sports Day activities, in your rectangular
school ground ABCD , lines have been drawn with (ii) Also, Rashmi has to post a blue flag the mid-
chalk powder at a distance of 1 m each. 100 flower point of PQ , therefore by using mid-point formula, we
pots have been placed at a distance of 1 m from each obtain b 2 + 8 , 25 + 20 l i.e. b 5, 45 l
2 2 2
other along AD , as shown in Figure. Niharika runs
¼th the distance AD on the 2nd line and posts a Hence, the blue flag is in the fifth line, at a distance
green flag. Preet runs 15 th distance AD on the eighth of 452 i.e., 22.5 m along the direction parallel to AD .
line and posts a red flag.
121.Two friends Seema and Aditya work in the same office
(i) What is the distance between the two flags?
at Delhi. In the Christmas vacations, both decided
(ii) If Rashmi has to post a blue flag exactly half way
to go to their hometown represented by Town A and
between the line segment joining the two flags,
Town B respectively in the figure given below. Town
where should she post the blue flag?
A and Town B are connected by trains from the same
Page 220 Coordinate Geometry Chap 7
station C (in the given figure) in Delhi. Based on the 122.In a classroom, 4 friends are seated at the points
given situation answer the following questions: A, B , C , and D as shown in Figure. Champa and
Chameli walk into the class and after observing for a
few minutes Champa asks Chameli, Don’t you think
ABCD is a square? Chameli disagrees. Using distance
formula, find which of them is correct.
CA = (− 4 − 1) 2 + (4 − 7) 2 = 9 + 9 = 18 = 3 2 units
= (− 5) 2 + (− 3) 2
BC = (6 − 9) 2 + (7 − 4) 2
= 25 + 9
= 34 = 9 + 9 = 18 = 3 2 units
units CD = (9 − 6) 2 + (4 − 1) 2
Thus distance travelled by seema is 34 units. = 9 + 9 = 18 = 3 2 units
Similarly, distance travelled by Aditya
DA = (6 − 3) 2 + (1 − 4) 2
CB = (4 + 4) 2 + (4 − 2) 2
= 9 + 9 = 18 = 3 2 units
= 82 + 22 = 64 + 4
Now AC = (3 − 9) 2 + (4 − 4) 2
= 68 units
Distance travelled by Aditya is 68 units and Aditya = 36 + 0 = 6 units
travels more distance. DB = (6 − 6) 2 + (1 − 7) 2
(ii) Since, D is mid-point of town A and town B
= 0 + 36 = 6 units
D = b 1 + 4 , 7 + 2 l = b 5, 9 l
2 2 2 2 Since, AB = BC = CD = DA and AC = DB , ABCD
(iii) Removed from syllabus is a square and Champa is right.
the line segment at p (x, y) . We use section formula for point A ^x, y h .
Here, m1 = 2 , m2 = 3 , x 1 = 6 , x 2 =− 4 , y 1 =− 6
and y 2 = − 1
2 # ^− 4h + 3 ^6 h
Now x = m1 x2 + m2 x1 =
m1 + m2 2+3
= − 8 + 18 = 10 = 2
5 5
m1 y2 + m2 y2 2 # ^− 1h + 3 ^− 6h
and y = =
Using section formula, we get m1 + m2 2+3
mx2 + nx1 k # 6 + 1 # (− 2)
= − 2 − 18 = − 20 =− 4
x = =
m+n k+1 5 5
Hence, coordinates of point A is ^2, - 4h .
x = 6k − 2
Since point A also lies on the line 3x + k ^y + 1h = 0 ,
...(1)
k+1
its coordinates must satisfies this line.
my2 + ny1 k # 3 + 1 # (− 5)
and y =
m+n
=
k+1 Thus 3 ^2 h + k ^− 4 + 1h = 0
6 + ^− 3k h = 0
y = 3k − 5 ...(2)
k+1
3k = 6 & k = 2
The point P (x, y) lies on the line, hence it satisfies the
Hence, value of k is 2.
equation of the given line.
6k − 2 − 3 3k − 5 = 0
k+1 b k+1 l
6k - 2 - 3 (3k - 5) = 0
6k − 2 − 9k + 15 = 0
125.Find the ratio in which the y -axis divides the line
− 3k + 13 = 0 & k = 13
3 segment joining the points ^- 1, - 4h and ^5, - 6h .
Also find the coordinates of the point of intersection.
Hence, the required ratio is 13 : 3. Ans : [Board 2019 OD]
Now, substituting value of k in x and y , we get
Let points P (0, y) divides the line joining the point
6 # 133 − 2
x = = 78 − 6 = 72 = 9 A (- 1, - 4) and B (5, - 6) in ratios k : 1.
13
+ 1 16 16 2
3 As per given information in question we have drawn
3 # 133 − 5 figure below.
y = = 8 # 3 = 24 = 3
13
3 + 1 16 16 2
Hence, the co-ordinates of point of intersection
Let P ^x1, y1h and Q ^x2, y2h trisect the line joining
Here ABCD is a parallelogram and diagonals AC and A ^3, - 2h and B ^- 3, - 4h .
BD bisect each other. Therefore mid point of BD is
As per question, line diagram is shown below.
same as mid point of AC .
P divides AB in the ratio of 1: 2 and Q
a+1 2 −2 + 4 b + 1
b 2 , 2l = b 2 , 2 l divides AB in the ratio 2:1.
By section formula
a+1 = 1 & a = 1 my2 + ny1
2 x1 = mx2 + nx1 and y =
1+2 m+n
b+1 = 1 & b = 1
and 1 ^− 4h + 2 ^2 h 2 ^− 6h + 1 ^− 3h
2 P ^x1, y1h = c , m
2+1 2+1
Now AB = (x2 − x1) 2 + (y2 − y1) 2
− 6 − ^− 6h
= c − 4 + 4, m = ^0, − 4h
= (1 + 2) 2 + (0 − 1) 2
3 3
2 ^− 4h + 1 ^2 h 2 ^− 6h + 1 ^− 3h
= 9 + 1 = 10 unit
Q ^x2, y2h = c , m
2+1 2+1
BC = (x2 − x1) 2 + (y2 − y1) 2
12 + ^− 3h
= c − 8 + 2, −
m = ^− 2, − 5h
= (4 − 1) + (1 − 0)
2 2
3 3
= 9 + 1 = 10 unit
129.The base BC of an equilateral triangle ABC lies
Since ABCD is a parallelogram, on y -axis. The co-ordinates of point C are ^0, 3h .
The origin is the mid-point of the base. Find the co-
AB = CD = 10 unit
ordinates of the point A and B. Also find the co-
BC = AD = 10 unit ordinates of another point D such that BACD is a
rhombus.
Therefore length of sides are 10 units each. Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2015]
^− 4 − 0h2 + ^0 − y h2 = 64
16 + y2 = 64
y =! 4 3
Coordinates of P are `0, 4 3 j or `0, - 4 3 j
Now AB = x2 + 9
131.The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A ^5, - 1h,
Since AB = BC , thus we have
B ^8, 3h, C ^4, 0h and D ^1, - 4h . Prove that ABCD is
x2 + 9 = 36 a rhombus.
Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2015]
x2 = 27 & x = ! 3 3
The vertices of the quadrilateral ABCD are
Co-ordinates of point A is `3 3 , 0j .
A ^5, - 1h, B ^8, 3h, C ^4, 0h D ^1, - 4h .
^8 − 5h2 + ^3 + 1h2
Since ABCD is a rhombus, Now AB =
AB = AC = CD = DB = 32 + 42 = 5 units
Thus co-ordinate of point D is _- 3 3 , 0i . BC = ^8 − 4h2 + ^3 − 0h2
130.The base QR of an equilateral triangle PQR lies on = 42 + 32 = 5 units
x-axis. The co-ordinates of point Q are ^- 4, 0h and
the origin is the mid-point of the base. find the co- CD = ^4 − 1h2 + ^0 + 4h2
= ^3 h2 + ^4 h2 = 5 units
ordinates of the point P and R.
Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2017, Foreign 2015]
= 1 6− 3 + 14 − 5@
− 3k + 2 = 0 & k = 2
2 3
= 3 units
So, line x − y − 2 = 0 divides AB in the ratio 2: 3
Area ; ABCD = 5 + 3 = 11 sq. units. 135.The line segment joining the points A ^3, 2h and B ^5, 1h
2 2
is divided at the point P in the ratio 1: 2 and P lies
133.Find the ratio is which the line segment joining the on the line 3x − 18y + k = 0 . Find the value of k.
points A ^3, - 3h and B ^- 2, 7h is divided by x-axis.
Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2012]
Also find the co-ordinates of the point of division.
Ans : [Board Term-2 OD 2014] Let co-ordinates of P be ^x1, y1h and it divides
line AB in the ratio 1 : 2.
We have A ^3, - 3h and B ^- 2, 7h .
At any point on x-axis y-coordinate is always zero.
So, let the point be ^x, 0h that divides line segment
AB in ratio k : 1.
^x, 0h = b k + 1 , k + 1 l
Now − 2k + 3 7k − 3
x1 = mx2 + nx1 = 1 # 5 + 2 # 3 = 11
m+n 1+2 3
7k − 3 = 0
k+1 my2 + ny1 1 # 2 + 2 # 2
y2 = = =5
m+n 1+2 3
7k - 3 = 0 & k = 3
7 Since point P ^x1, y1h lies on line , 3x − 18y + k = 0 , so
The line is divided in the ratio of 3 : 7. co-ordinates of P must satisfy the equation of line.
− 2k + 3 = x
Now
k+1 3 # 11 − 18 # 5 + k = 0
3 3
k = 19
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Chap 7 Coordinate Geometry Page 225
136.If R ^x, y h is a point on the line segment joining Proof : Let AB be a line segment joining the points.
the points P ^a, b h and Q ^b, a h, then prove that A ^x1, y1h, B ^x2, y2h .
x + y = a + b. Let P divides AB in the ratio m1: m2 . Let P have co-
Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012 Set (28)] ordinates ^x, y h .
As per question line is shown below. Draw AL, PM, PN, = to x-axis
It is clear form figure, that
AR = LM = OM − OL = x − x1
PR = PM − RM = y − y1 .
also, PS = ON − OM = x2 − x
Let point R (x, y) divides the line joining P and Q in BS = BN − SN = y2 − y
the ratio k : 1, then we have
Now TAPR ~TPBS [AAA]
x = kb + a
k+1 AR = PR = AP
Thus
PS BS PB
and y = ka + b
k+1 AR = AP
and
PS PB
Adding, x + y = kb + a + ka + b
k+1 x - x1 = m1
x2 - x m2
k ^a + b h + ^a + b h
=
m2 x - m2 x1 = m1 x2 − m1 x
k+1
^k + 1h^a + b h x = m1 x2 + m2 x1
m1 + m2
=
= a+b
k+1
Now PR = AP
x+y = a+b Hence Proved BS PB
y - y2
137.(i) Derive section formula. = m1
y2 - y m2
(ii) In what ratio does ^- 4, 6h divides the line segment
joining the point A ^- 6, 4h and B ^3, - 8h m1 y2 + m2 y1
y =
Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2014] m1 + m2
(i) Section Formula : Let A ^x1, y1h and B ^x2, y2h are m y + m1 y2
Thus co-ordinates of P are b m2 x1 + m1 x2 , 2 1
two points. Let P ^x, y h be a point on line, joining A m1 + m2 m1 + m2 l
and B , such that P divides it in the ratio m1: m2 . (ii) Assume that ^- 4, 6h divides the line segment
m2 x1 + m1 x2 m2 y1 + m1 y2 joining the point A ^- 6, 4h and B ^3, - 8h in ratio k : 1
Now ^x, y h = b m1 + m2 , m1 + m2 l
Using section formula for x co-ordinate we have
k (3) − 6
-4 =
k+1
- 4k - 4 = 3k − 6 & k = 2
7
y 2 - 6y - 7 = 0
^y + 1h^y − 7h = 0
y =− 1, 7
When y =− 1, centre is O ^2, - 3y h = ^2, 3h and radius
OB = ^5 − 2h2 + ^7 − 3h2
= 9 + 16 = 5 unit
When y = 7 , centre is O ^2, - 3y h = ^2, − 21h and
radius
Using distance formula, we get OB = ^2 − 5h2 + ^− 21 − 7h2
^1 − 0h2 + ^− 1 − 4h2 = 1 + 5 = 26
2
AB = = 9 + 784 =
793 unit
BC = ^− 5 − 0h2 + ^3 − 4h2 = 25 + 1 = 26
AC = ^− 5 − 1h2 + ^3 + 1h2 = 36 + 16 = 2 13
Y AC , triangle TABC is isosceles.
Since AB = BC =
Now, using mid-section formula, the co-ordinates of
mid-point of BC are
x = − 5 + 0 =− 5
2 2
y = 3+4 = 7
2 2
D ^x, y h = b− 5 , 7 l
2 2
Length of median AD ,
−5
b 2 − 1l + b 2 + 1l
AD =
2
7 2
= b−7 l + b 9 l
2 2
2 2
^− 1 − 2h2 + ^y + 3y h2 = ^5 − 2h2 + ^7 + 3y h2
9 + 16y2 = 9y2 + 42y + 58