SRIRAM ENGINEERING COLLEGE

PERUMALPATTU, THIRUVALLUR-602024
(Approved by AICTE, Affiliated to Anna University Chennai and

Accredited by NBA)

School

Of
Mechanical Engineering
Name :

Register No :

Year/Semester : III/ VI

Lab : ME3681-CAD/CAM LABORATORY

 SRIRAM ENGINEERING COLLEGE
SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

REGISTER NO :

NAME OF THE LAB:

Certify that this is a bonafied record of work done by the candidate

Mr.…………………..…………………… of ……………………. B.E Mechanical

engineering in the ..................................................................................... Laboratory

during the year 2023-2024

Signature of Lab in Charge School Head

Submitted for the practical examination held on …………………………..

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

S.No Date Name of the Experiment Page Marks Remarks
No. Awarded
CAD
Ex.No: Date:
Ex.No. Date:

ASSEMBLY OF FLANGE COUPLING

Aim: To model the parts of the flange coupling and assemble them

Theory: This type of coupling is same as the unprotected type of flanged coupling but has a
protective measure, the bolt heads and nuts are shielded by a peripheral protrusion, called ‘shroud’,
on each flange. Alignment of two shafts is independent of the bolts and is ensured by the provision
of a turned projection, called ‘spigot’, on the flat face of one of the flanges which fits into a
corresponding recess, called ‘socket’, in the other flange .The length of the spigot projection is
kept slightly less than the depth of the socket. The socket and spigot are turned to give a push fit
for accurate alignment of the two shafts. The bolt holes are drilled and reamed to give a close
running fit for the bolts in order that the load is taken smoothly without any impact.

Each of the flanged bosses ids securely keyed to the end of the each shaft using a tapered key
driven from inside. While assembling, generally the two flanges are set such that the keys fitted in
them are out of alignment by 900 to each other. The two flanges are bolted together by a number
of bolts and nuts. Power is transmitted from one shat to the other through the bolts

Commands used:

Sketcher commands: Centerline, line, Circle, Arc, Modify, Normal, Constrain, Delete segment
and done

Part modeling commands: Extrude, Revolve, Revolve cut and helical sweep

Assembly commands: Assemble, Fixed, Mate, Align, Coincidence, Offset and Flip

Result: Thus the parts of Flange coupling is modeled and assembled using the pro-E software
Ex.No. Date:
Ex.No. Date:

ASSEMBLY OF UNIVERSAL COUPLING

Aim: To model the parts of the Universal coupling and assemble them

Theory: It consists of two forks keyed to the ends of the two shafts. A central block consists of
two cylindrical bushes cast or welded at right angles, is placed between the two forks and
connected to them by two pins.

Commands used:

Sketcher commands: Centerline, line, Circle, Arc, Modify, Normal, Constrain, Delete segment
and done

Part modeling commands: Extrude, Revolve and Revolve cut

Assembly commands: Assemble, Fixed, Mate, Align, Coincidence, Offset and Flip

Result: Thus the parts of Universal Coupling is modeled and assembled using the pro-E
software
Ex.No. Date:

ASSEMBLY OF SCREW JACK

Aim: To model the parts of the Screw jack and assemble them

Theory: A screw jack, manually operated, is a contrivance to lift heavy objects over a small height
with a distinct mechanical advantage. It also serves as a supporting aid in the raised position. A
screw jack is actuated by a square threaded screw worked by applying a moderate effort at the end
of a tommy bar inserted into the hole of the head of the screw.

The body of screw jack has an enlarged circular base which provides a large bearing area. A gun
metal nut is tightly fitted into the body at the top. A screw spindle is screwed through the nut. A
load bearing cup is mounted at the top of the screw spindle and secured to it by a washer and a
CSK screw. When the screw–spindle is rotated, the load bearing cup moves up or down along with
the screw - spindle but will not rotate with it. The tommy bar is inserted into the hole in the head
of the screw –spindle only during working and will be detached when not in use.

Commands used:

Sketcher commands: Centerline, line, Circle, Arc, Modify, Normal, Constrain, Delete segment
and done

Part modeling commands: Extrude, Revolve, Revolve cut and helical sweep

Assembly commands: Assemble, Fixed, Mate, Align, Coincidence, Offset and Flip

Result: Thus the parts of Screw Jack is modeled and assembled using the pro-E software
Ex.No. Date:

ASSEMBLY OF PLUMMER BLOCK

Aim: To model the parts of the Plummer block and assemble them

Theory: When a long shaft is to be supported at intermediate points, bushed bearings are not used
due to their limitations. In such cases Plummer block are used. In Plummer block bearing, the
body is split horizontally along or near the axis of the shaft. This will enable to overcome the
disadvantage of the bush bearing. It consists of a pedestal called body, a cap, two split bushes, two
square head bolts-, and hexagonal nut and part no.7. The body made of cast iron, is provided with
two bolt holes in the base plate for bolting down the bearing in position. These bolt holes will be
rectangular with semicircular ends to enable the alignment of the bearing to the shaft while bolting.
The bottom of the body is relieved leaving a narrow machined strip all rounds. This relief at the
bottom requires the machining of only the narrow strip all around instead of the entire bottom
surface and also reduces the extent of preparation and leveling of the bearing area relatively.
Another set of two long bolt holes with square recesses at their bottom ends are provided in the
body. Two long square head bolts are introduced in these bolt holes such that their square heads
are accommodated in the square recesses. The split bush has a projecting snug. When this split
bush is fitted in the body, the projecting sung of the split bush fits into the corresponding hole
drilled in the body. This prevents the rotation of the bushes along with the shaft. In some of the
Plummer blocks instead of providing sung, the external surface of the ends of the split bushes are
semi-octagonal for a short length adjacent to the collars. Similar octagonal recesses are made in
body and the cap at the place where the octagonal faces of the split bushes take their seating. The
axial movement of the split bushes is prevented by collars. The other split bush, provided with the
oil hole is placed over the bottom bush. This bush is placed after the shaft takes its position. The
cap mounted over the top bush is held down by bolts and nuts. After assembling a small clearance
will be left between the cap and body. This clearance enables to provide the necessary clamping
grip.

Commands used:

Sketcher commands: Centerline, line, Circle, Arc, Modify, Normal, Constrain, Delete segment
and done

Part modeling commands: Extrude, Revolve, Revolve cut and helical sweep

Assembly commands: Assemble, Fixed, Mate, Align, Coincidence, Offset and Flip

Result: Thus the parts of Plummer Block is modeled and assembled using the pro-E software
Ex.No. Date:

ASSEMBLY OF STUFFING BOX

Aim: To model the parts of the stuffing box and assemble them

Theory: It is used to prevent loss of fluid such as steam, between sliding or turning parts of
machine elements. In a steam engine, when the piston rod reciprocates through the cylinder cover;
stuffing box provided in the cylinder cover, prevents leakage of steam from the cylinder.

At the base of stuffing box body, a bush is placed such that the beveled edge of the bush is at the
inner side of the body. Gland is placed at the other end of the body and is connected to the main
body by means of studs and nuts .The space between the reciprocating rod and the bush and the
gland is packed with a packing material such as mineral fibers, leather, rubber or cork.

Commands used:

Sketcher commands: Centerline, line, Circle, Arc, Modify, Normal, Constrain, Delete segment
and done

Part modeling commands: Extrude, Revolve and Revolve cut

Assembly commands: Assemble, Fixed, Mate, Align, Coincidence, Offset and Flip

Result: Thus the parts of Stuffing Box is modeled and assembled using the pro-E software
Ex.No.7 Date:

ASSEMBLY OF LATHE TAILSTOCK

Aim: To model the parts of the Lathe Tail stock and assemble them

Theory:
A tailstock, also known as a foot stock,[1] is a device often used as part of an engineering
lathe, wood-turning lathe, or used in conjunction with a rotary table on a milling machine. It is
usually used to apply support to the longitudinal rotary axis of a workpiece being machined. A
lathe center is mounted in the tailstock, and inserted against the sides of a hole in the center of the
workpiece. A tailstock is particularly useful when the workpiece is relatively long and slender.
Failing to use a tailstock can cause "chatter," where the workpiece bends excessively while being
cut. It is also used on a lathe to hold drilling or reaming tools for machining a hole in the work
piece. Unlike drilling with a drill press or a milling machine, the tool is stationary while the
workpiece rotates. Holes can only be cut along the axis that the workpiece is set to spin. Usually,
the entire tailstock is moved to the approximate position that it will be needed by manually sliding
it along its ways. There, it is locked in place and the tool mounted to it is moved with a lead screw
to the exact position where it is needed. When a cutting tool such as a drill bit or reamer is used,
the feed is done with this lead screw. The tailstock quill or extendible portion usually has a Morse
taper mount in the end of it to secure the drill or reamer.

Commands used:

Sketcher commands: Centerline, line, Circle, Arc, Modify, Normal, Constrain, Delete segment
and done

Part modeling commands: Extrude, Revolve and Revolve cut

Assembly commands: Assemble, Fixed, Mate, Align, Coincidence, Offset and Flip

Result: Thus the parts of Lathe Tail stock is modeled and assembled using the pro-E software
Ex.No. Date:

ASSEMBLY OF MACHINE VISE

Aim: To model the parts of the Machine Vise and assemble them

Theory:
A vise or vice (see spelling discussion) is a mechanical apparatus used to secure an object
to allow work to be performed on it. Vises have two parallel jaws, one fixed and the other movable,
threaded in and out by a screw and lever.
Machine vises are mounted on drill presses, grinding machines and milling machines.
Abrasive chop saws have a special type of machine vise built in to the saw. Some hobbyists use a
machine vise as a bench vise because of the low cost and small size.

Other kinds of vise include:

Hand vises, compound slide vises are more complex machine vises. They allow speed and
precision in the placement of the work. Cross vises, which can be adjusted using
leadscrews in the X and Y axes; these are useful if many holes need to be drilled in the same
workpiece using a drill press. Compare router table. Off-center vises Angle vises. Sine vises, which
use gauge blocks to set up a highly accurate angle. Rotary vises. Diemakers' vise. Saw vices – used
for sharpening hand saws. Pin vises (for holding thin, long cylindrical objects by one end, or used
as a drill (scale modeler's pin vise)). Jewellers' vises and by contrast. Leg vises, which are attached
to a bench but also supported from the ground so as to be stable under the very heavy use imposed
by a blacksmith's work. Shaker broom vise

Commands used:

Sketcher commands: Centerline, line, Circle, Arc, Modify, Normal, Constrain, Delete segment
and done

Part modeling commands: Extrude, Revolve and Revolve cut

Assembly commands: Assemble, Fixed, Mate, Align, Coincidence, Offset and Flip

Result: Thus the parts of Machine Vise is modeled and assembled using the pro-E software
Ex.No. Date:

ASSEMBLY OF PISTON
Aim: To model the parts of the Piston and assemble them

Theory:

A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors

and pneumatic cylinders, among other similar mechanisms. It is the moving component that is
contained by a cylinder and is made gas-tight by piston rings. In an engine, its purpose is to transfer
force from expanding gas in the cylinder to the crankshaft via a piston rod and/or connecting rod.
In a pump, the function is reversed and force is transferred from the crankshaft to the piston for the
purpose of compressing or ejecting the fluid in the cylinder. In some engines, the piston also acts
as a valve by covering and uncovering ports in the cylinder wall.
Pistons are cast from aluminium alloys. For better strength and fatigue life, some racing
pistons may be forged instead. Early pistons were of cast iron, but there were obvious benefits for
engine balancing if a lighter alloy could be used. To produce pistons that could survive engine
combustion temperatures, it was necessary to develop new alloys such as Y alloy
and Hiduminium, specifically for use as pistons.
Commands used:

Sketcher commands: Centerline, line, Circle, Arc, Modify, Normal, Constrain, Delete segment
and done

Part modeling commands: Extrude, Revolve and Revolve cut

Assembly commands: Assemble, Fixed, Mate, Align, Coincidence, Offset and Flip

Result: Thus the parts of Piston is modeled and assembled using the pro-E software
Ex.No. Date:

ASSEMBLY OF CONNECTING ROD

Aim: To model the parts of the Connecting Rod and assemble them

Theory:
In a reciprocating piston engine, the connecting rod or conrod connects the piston to the
crank or crankshaft. Together with the crank, they form a simple mechanism that converts
reciprocating motion into rotating motion.

Connecting rods may also convert rotating motion into reciprocating motion. Historically,
before the development of engines, they were first used in this way.

As a connecting rod is rigid, it may transmit either a push or a pull and so the rod may rotate
the crank through both halves of a revolution, i.e. piston pushing and piston pulling. Earlier
mechanisms, such as chains, could only pull. In a few two-stroke engines, the connecting rod is
only required to push.
Connecting rods are best known through their use in internal combustion piston engines,
such as automotive engines. These are of a distinctly different design from earlier forms of
connecting rods, used in steam engines and steam locomotives

Commands used:

Sketcher commands: Centerline, line, Circle, Arc, Modify, Normal, Constrain, Delete segment
and done

Part modeling commands: Extrude, Revolve and Revolve cut

Assembly commands: Assemble, Fixed, Mate, Align, Coincidence, Offset and Flip

Result: Thus the parts of Connecting Rod is modeled and assembled using the pro-E software
 CAM
CNC TURNING
 INTRODUCTION TO CNC Turning and Machining
Manual Part Programming in CNC Lathe

Preparatory Functions

G00 – Rapid Traverse

G01 – Linear Interpolation (Cutting feed)
G02 – Circular Interpolation (Clockwise)
G03 – Circular Interpolation (Counter Clockwise)
G04 – Dwell
G28 – Return to Machine reference position
G40 – Tool nose radius compensation cancel
G41 – Tool nose radius compensation left
G42 – Tool nose radius compensation right
G50 – Maximum spindle speed setting / Coordinate system setting
G70 – Finishing cycle
G71 – Turning cycle (Rough)
G72 – Facing cycle
G73 – Pattern repeating cycle
G74 – End face peck drilling
G75 – Outer diameter / Internal diameter drilling
G76 – Multiple thread cutting
G96 – Constant surface speed
G97 – Constant surface speed cancel (constant rpm)
G98 – Feed per minute
G99 – Feed per revolution

Miscellaneous functions

M00 – Program stop

M01 – Optional stop
M03 – Spindle clockwise
M04 – Spindle counter clockwise
M05 – Spindle halt
M08 – Coolant on
M09 – Coolant off
M10 – Chuck or collet close
M11 – Chuck or collet open
M30 – Program End
M40 – Chuck outer clamping
M41 – Chuck inner clamping
Syntax

G00 X Z ;
G01 X Z F;
G02 X Z R F;
G03 X Z R F

G04 X; (Time in seconds)

G28 U W;
G70 P Q F;
P – Start sequence
Q – End sequence
F – Feed

G71 U R;
G71 P Q u w F;
U – Depth of cut
R – Relief in X direction
P – Start sequence
Q – End sequence
u – Stock amount for finish – X axis
w – Stock amount for finish – Z axis
F – Feed

G72 W R;
G72 P Q W F;
G73 U W R;
G73 P Q u w F;
U – Depth of cut
W – Relief in Z direction
R – Number of passes
P – Start sequence
Q – End sequence
u – Stock amount for finish – X axis
w – Stock amount for finish – Z axis
F – Feed

G74 R;
G74 Z Q F;

G75 R;
G75 X Z P Q F;
G76 P Q R;
G76 X Z q p F;

P – Number of idle passes

Q – First pass depth of cut
R – Relief
X – Threat minor data
Z – Thread Length
q – Second pass depth of cut
p – Thread height
F – Pitch
 MANUAL PART PROGRAMMING IN CNC MILLING

G Functions

Function Operation
G00 Positioning (Rapid traverse)
G01 Linear interpolation (Cutting feed)
G02 Circular interpolation / Helical CW
G03 Circular interpolation / Helical CCW
G04 Dwell Exact stop
G20 Imperial units (inches)
G21 Metric units (mm)
G28 Return to reference point
G40 Tool radius compensation cancel
G41 Left hand radius compensation
G42 Right hand radius compensation
G49 Tool length compensation cancel
G90 Absolute command
G91 Incremental command
G92 Set datum
G94 Feed per minute
G94 Feed per rotation
G170-G171 Circular Pocketing
G172-G173 Rectangular Pocketing

M Functions

Function Operation
M00 Program Stop
M02 Program End
M03 Spindle Forward
M04 Spindle Reverse
M05 Spindle Stop
M06 Tool Change
M70 X Mirror on
M71 Y Mirror on
M80 X Mirror Off
M81 Y Mirror Off
M98 Subprogram Call
M99 Subprogram Exit
Facing and Turning
All dimensions are in mm

Work Piece

Finished Component
Ex.No: Date :

FACING AND TURNING

Aim:
To write the manual part programming as per the given dimensions and execute it in
CNC lathe.

Material required:

Material : Aluminium

Size : Diameter 25mm and Length 70 mm

Program:

[BILLET X25 Z70] (Work piece dimension X is dia and z is length)

N10 G21; (Metric dimension-mm)
N20 G50 S4000 (Maximum spindle speed 4000 rpm)
N30 G98; (Feed in mm/minute)
N40 G96 S300; (Spindle speed at 300 m/min)
N50 G42; (Tool nose radius compensation right)
N60 G28 U0 W0; (Start the tool movement from home position)
N70 M06 T01; (select the tool 1)
N80 M03; (spindle ON forward)
N90 G00 X25 Z1; (Tool rapid position to x=25, z=1)
N100 G00 X25 Z-0.5;(Tool rapid position to x=25,z=-0.5)
N110 G01 X0 Z-0.5; (Move the tool to x=0 , z=-0.5)
N120 G00 X25 Z1; (Tool rapid position to x=25,z=0)
N130 G00 X24 Z1; (Tool rapid position to x=24,z=0)
N140 G01 X24 Z-40; (Move the tool to x=24 , z=-40)
N150 G00 X25 Z-40; (Tool rapid position to x=25, z=-40)
N160 G00 x25 Z1; (Tool rapid position to x=25, z=1)
N170 G00 X23 Z1; (Tool rapid position to x=23 , z=0)
N180 G01 X23 Z-40; (Move the tool to x=23 , z=-40)
N190 G00 X25 Z-40; (Move the tool to x=25 , z=-40)
N200 G00 X25 Z1; (Tool rapid position to x=25 , z=1)
N210 G40; (cutter compensation cancel)
N220 G28 U0 W0; (Tool return to reference point)
N230 M05; (Spindle stop)
N240 M30; (Program end and rewind)

Result:
Thus the manual part program was written to the given dimensions and executed in CNC lathe.
 Step Turning
All dimensions are in mm

Work Piece

Finished Component
Exercise: Date:
STEP TURNING

Aim:
To write the manual part programming as per the given dimensions and execute it in
CNC lathe. (G90 Box turning cycle)
Material required:

Material : Aluminium

Size : Diameter 25mm and Length 70 mm

Program:

[BILLET X25 Z70;

G21 G98 G40;
G28 U0 W0;
G50 S2000;
M06 T01;
M03 S1200;
G00 X26 Z1;
G90 X24 Z-60 F45;
X23;
X22;
X21;
X20;
G00 X21 Z1;
G90 X19 Z-30 F45;
X18;
X17;
X16;
X15;
X14;
X13;
X12;
X11;
X10;
M05;
G28 U0 W0;
M30;
Result:

Thus the manual part program was written to the given dimensions and executed in CNC
lathe.
Multiple Turning
All dimensions are in mm

Work Piece

Finished Component
 MULTIPLE TURNING
Exercise: Date :

Aim:
To write the manual part programming as per the given dimensions and execute it in
CNC lathe. (G71 Stock removal cycle)

Material required:

Material : Aluminium

Size : Diameter 25mm and Length 70 mm

Program:

[BILLET X25 Z70;

G21 G98 G40; Note:
G28 U0 W0; G71 U0.5 R1
G50 S2000; Where,
M06 T01; U0.5 – depth of cut in mm
M03 S1200; R1 - relief in mm
G71 P100 Q200 U0.1 W0.1 F45;
G00 X26 Z1;
Where,
G71 U0.5 R1; P100 – first line number
G71 P100 Q200 U0.1 W0.1 F45; Q200 – last line number
N100 G01 X0; U0.1 – finishing allowance in X Axis
Z0; W0.1 - finishing allowance in Z Axis
G03 X10 Z-5 R5; G70 – Finishing cycle between first and last line
G01 X10 Z-25; number
G02 X20 Z-35 R10; Conditions:
G01 X20 Z-50; • In the first line number only G01 and X
N200 G01 X25 Z-60; codes must only be written.
M03 1500; • Z code for the first coordinate must
be written in the next line.
G70 P100 Q200 F25;
• G71 will not work for left downward taper.
M05; • Between G71 cycle only G01, G02 and
G28 U0 W0; G03 must be written
M30;

Result:
Thus the manual part program was written to the given dimensions and executed in CNC
lathe.
CNC MILLING
Linear and Circular Interpolation
All dimensions are in mm

Work Piece

Finished Component
 LINEAR AND CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION
Exercise: Date :
Aim:
To write the manual part programming to the given dimensions and execute it in CNC
milling

Material required:
Material : Aluminium
Size : Length 100mm, Width 100mm and Thickness 10 mm
Program:
[BILLET X100 Y100 Z10;
[EDGEMOVE X0 Y0;
[TOOLDEF T1 D5;
G21 G94 G40;
G28 U0 W0 Z0;
M06 T01;
M03 S1500;
G90 G00 X0 Y0 Z5;
G00 X25 Y10;
G01 Z-2 F40;
G03 X10 Y25 R15;
G01 X10 Y75;
G02 X25 Y90 R15;
G01 X75 Y90;
G03 X90 Y75 R15;
G01 X90 Y25;
G02 X75 Y10 R15;
G01 X25 Y10;
G01 Z5;
M05;
G28 X0 Y0 Z0;
M30;

Result:

Thus the manual part program was written to the given dimensions and executed in
CNC Milling.
 Drilling Cycle
All dimensions are in mm

Work Piece

Finished Component
 DRILLING CYCLE
Exercise : Date :

Aim:

To write the manual part programming to the given dimensions and execute it in CNC
milling

Material required:
Material : Aluminium
Size : Length 100mm, Width 100mm and Thickness 10 mm
Program:
N010 G21
[BILLET X100 Y100 Z10
[TOOLDEF T01 D08
[EDGEMOVE X0 Y0 Z0
N020 G92 X0 Y0 Z0
N030 M06 T01
N040 M03 S2000
N050 G90 G95
N060 G00 X0 Y0 Z2
N070 G81 X15 Y15 Z-13 R2 F0. 1
N080 X85 Y15
N090 X85 Y85
N100 X15 Y85
N110 G80
N120 G00 Z2
N130 G28 U0 W0
N140 M05
N150 M30

Result:

Thus the manual part program was written to the given dimensions and executed in
CNC Milling.
 Mirroring
All dimensions are in mm

Work Piece

Finished component
 MIRRORING
Exercise: Date :
Aim:
To write the manual part programming to the given dimensions and execute it in CNC
milling

Material required:
Material : Aluminium
Size : Length 100mm, Width 100mm and Thickness 10 mm
Program:
[BILLET X100 Y100 Z10
[TOOLDEF T01 D5
[EDGEMOVE X-50 Y-50 Z0
N010 G21 G90 G94
N020 M06 T01
N030 M03 S1500
N040 G00 X0 Y0 Z2
N050 M98 P2001 (calling sub program 2001)
N060 M70 (X axis mirror ON: the sign of all X values are
reversed)
N070 M98 P2001
N080 M80 (X axis mirror OFF)
N090 M71 (y axis mirror ON: the sign of all Y values are
reversed)
N100 M98 P2001
N110 M81 (y axis mirror OFF)
N120 M70 (X axis mirror ON )
N130 M71 (Y axis mirror ON)
N140 M98 P2001
N150 M80 (X axis mirror OFF)
 N160 M81 (Y axis mirror OFF)
N170 G28 X0 Y0
N180 M05
N190 M30

SUB PROGRAM

O2001
G00 X10 Y10 Z2
G01 Z-2 F30
G01 X30 Y10
G03 X10 Y30 R20
G01 X10 Y10
G00 Z2
M99

Result:

Thus the manual part program was written to the given dimensions and executed in
CNC Milling.