MASSIVE ONLINE OPEN COURSE

Chapter:-1

INTRODUCTION
”An organic fertilizer refers to a soil amendment
derived from natural sources that guarantees, at
least, the minimum percentage of nitrogen,
phosphate, and potash.”
Virtually any organic material can be used as a
fertilizer, however materials vary considerably
in the concentration of plant nutrients they
contain and the rate which these nutrient are
released for the plant use.
There are a number of organic manures like
farm yard manure, green manures, compost
prepared from crop residues and other farm
wastes, vermicompost, oil cakes, and biological
wastes-animal bones, slaughter house refuse.
Organic manure not only provides plant
nutrients but also improves soil physical,
chemical and biological.
.

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Chapter:-2

MATERIALS AND
METHODS
BENEFITS OF ORGANIC MANURE

1. Soil Structure

Because of the organic matter present in organic fertilizer, soil

structure is improved and as a result the soil’s ability to hold onto
water and nutrients increases

2. Microbes Thrive

Synthetic fertilizer consists of chemical molecules without carbon.

These molecules can sometimes be disruptive and are not accessible
to microbes. On the other hand, organic fertilizer is rich in organic
matter, which helps microbes thrive. Organic fertilizer contains
carbon as part of its chemical makeup; and it is the carbon, along
with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium that feeds microbes and
enables them to make nutrients available for plants in a naturally
occurring biological process.

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3. Sustainable and Environmentally Friendly

Synthetic fertilizers runoff into our waterways harming marine life and
water quality. Organic fertilizers do not run off as easily (if at all) and
are associated with soil structure. According to the Organic Trade
Association, organic fertilizer also increases species biodiversity by
30% compared with synthetic fertilizer.

4. Reduce Fertilizers and Pesticides

Although organic fertilizer can be more costly than synthetic, it can

reduce the need for pesticides and the overall nitrogen, phosphorus
and potassium requirements. Because of the reductions, organic
fertilizer can be cost neutral and sometimes a cost savings.

5. Plant Damage Threat Avoided

Some synthetic fertilizers can cause plant damage to leaves

and roots. This is less likely with organic fertilizers.

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Chapter:-3

OBSERVATIONS AND
DATA COLLECTION

SJ Waste material QUANTITY

no added

1 Vegetable waste lkg

2. Fish waste 500g

3. Chicken manure 100 g

4 Wood ash 100g

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Chapter - 4

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Chapter:- 5

CON LU ION

Composting allows the soil to retain water.This

provides a steady source of moisture and
nutrients to the plants in your garden and also
reduces the need for constant watering of plants
according to surveys, each Indian home throws
away almost 50kg of food every year.

There are many benefits in composting:-

• Add nutrients to the soil . Compost is

humus-nutrient rich soils.

• Introduces valuable organisms to the

soil.Microorganisms,such as bacteria,fungi and
proiozoa, decompose organic material.

• Recycles kitchen and yard wastes.

. Reduces landfill wante.

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• Through this project, we all learnt how to make

compost. In today’s society compost making is
the best process for our environment. Most
significant1y, it is done in a pollution free and
chemical free.