Direct to Indirect Narration Speech Change Rules In Bangla

Passage Narration হল narration পরিবর্ত নএর খুবই গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বিষয় । Grammar তথা Narration এর খুঁটিনাটি ভু ল ত্রুটি এবং
গুরুত্বপূর্ণ Rules আলোচনা করা হবে এখানে। বলা যায় Narration/ Passage Narration অধ্যায়টি ভালোভাবে অধ্যয়ন করতে পারলে
ইংরেজিতে ভালো করা অনেকটা সহজ হয়ে যায়। JSC, SSC, HSC সহ যে কোন Academic কিংবা প্রতিযোগিতা মুলক
পরীক্ষায় Narration একটি Factor. তাই আসুন মাত্র ১৩টি নিয়মের সাহায্যেই আমরা Narration আয়ত্ত্ব করা শিখি।

Rules of Narration
Rule-1 :
Direct Speech-এ Reporting Verb মাঝে অথবা শেষে থাকলে Indirect Speech-এ Reporting Verb বাক্যের একদম শুরুতে এসে বসবে।
Example:
Direct Speech: “Will you catch fish tomorrow?” I asked Atif.
indirect Speech: I asked Atif if he would catch fish the next day.

Rule-2:
দ্বিতীয় বা তার পরবর্তী Reported Speech-কে Indirect করার সময়ে Assertive Sentence-এর ক্ষেত্রে “added/ further added/ also said/
again said” হবে।
দ্বিতীয় বা তার পরবর্তী Reported Speech-কে Indirect করার সময়ে Interrogative Sentence-এর ক্ষেত্রে “also asked/ further asked/
again asked” হবে।
তবে একই বক্তা আলাদা আলাদা বাক্যের ধরণ ব্যবহার করলে Reported Speech এর ধরণ বা প্রকৃ তি অনুযায়ীই Reporting Verb পরিবর্তি ত
হবে।
Example:
Direct Speech: The teacher said to me, “You can stop your writing. You may write tomorrow”.
indirect Speech: The teacher told me that I could stop my writing then. He added that I might write the next day/the
following day.

Rule-3(i):
Reported Speech-এ শুধু “Yes” দেয়া থাকলে Indirect Speech-এর structure হবে “Subject + replied in the
affirmative.” অথবা, “Subject এর পর do/ does/ did/ was/ were/ has/ have/ had. ইত্যাদি বসিয়ে Idirect করা যায়।”
Example:
Direct Speech: Arik asked me, “Have you done your homework?” I said, “Yes.”

indirect Speech: Arik asked me if I had done my homework. I replied in the affirmative. অথবা Arik asked me if I had done
my homework. I said that I had.

Rule-3(ii):
Reported Speech-এ “Yes”-এর পর কোনো বক্তব্য থাকলে Indirect Speech-এর structure হবে “Subject + replied in the
affirmative + and said that…”
Example:
Direct Speech: Arik said to Atif, “Have you finished your homework?” “Yes, I will submit it tomorrow”, said Atif.
Indirect Speech: Arik asked Atif if he (Atif) had finished his homework. Atif replied in the affirmative and said that he
would submit that the next day.

Rule-3(iii):
Reported Speech-এ শুধু “No” দেয়া থাকলে Indirect Speech-এর structure হবে “Subject + replied in the
negative.” অথবা, “Subject + Auxiliary Verb + Not”.
Example:
. Direct Speech: Aqib said to Afra, “Are you preparing now?” Afra said, “No”.
Indirect Speech: Aqib asked Afra if she (A) was preparing then. Afra replied in the negative. অথবা Aqib asked Afra if she
(A) was preparing then. Afra replied that she(A) was not.

Rule-3(iv):
Reported Speech-এ “No”-এর পর কোনো বক্তব্য থাকলে Indirect Speech-এর structure হবে “Subject + replied in the negative
+ and said that”.
Example:
Direct Speech: Arif said to Papia, “Are you coming to my home tomorrow?” “No, I have changed my decision”, said
Papia.
Indirect Speech: Arif asked Papia if she (P) was coming to her (A) house the next day. Papia replied in the negative and
said that she (P) had changed her decision.

Rule-4:
Direct Speech-এ ‘Sir’ থাকলে Indirect speech-এ “Addressing as Sir” যোগ করতে হবে অথবা, Sir-এর
পরিবর্তে “Respectfully” হবে।
Example:
Direct Speech: The student said to his teacher, “Sir, I need the answer sheets.”
Indirect Speech: The student told the teacher respectfully that he needed the answer sheets. Addressing the teacher as Sir,
the student said that he needed the answer sheets.

Rule-5:
Reported Speech-এ যদি কাউকে সম্বোধন (Address) করা হয়, তাহলে Indirect Speech-এর প্রথমে “Addressing as” যুক্ত হবে।
Example:
Direct Speech: “Are you tired, friends?” said the Army chief.
Indirect Speech: Addressing them as friends, the army chief asked if they were tired.

Rule-6:
Direct Speech-এ “By Allah/ By Jove/ By God/ By my life” থাকলে Indirect Speech-এ “Swearing by Allah/ by Jove/ by
God/ by my life.” যোগ হবে।
Example:
Direct Speech: “By Allah”, she replied, “I will not do this work”.
Indirect Speech: Swearing by Allah, she replied that she would not do that work.

Rule-7:
Inverted Comma-এর বাইরে Reporting Verb যুক্ত Phrase-এর অতিরিক্ত অংশ হিসেবে Present Participle Phrase থাকলে Indirect
Speech-এ “Present Participle Phrase” Sentence এর শুরুতে বসে।
Example:
Direct Speech: “Are you brothers?” asked the mistress of the house, turning to the dervishes.
Indirect Speech: Turning to the dervishes, the mistress of the house asked if they were brothers.

Rule-8:
Reported Speech-টি Assertive হওয়া সত্ত্বেও তার শেষে প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন থাকলে Indirect Speech-এ Reporting Verb-এর পূর্বে “Being
surprised” লিখতে হয়।
Example:
Direct Speech: Mom said to her, “You have kept in mind how they survived?”
Indirect Speech: Being surprised, Mom asked her if she had kept in mind how they had survived.

Rule-9:
Reported Speech-এ Thank you থাকলে Indirect Speech-এর Structure হবে “Reporting Verb-এর Subject + thanked +
Reporting Verb-এর object.”।
Example:
Direct Speech: Shila said to Sakib, “Thank you”.
Indirect Speech: Shila thanked Sakib.

Rule-10:
Reported Speech এ “Good bye” থাকলে Indirect Speech-এর Structure হবে “Reporting Verb-এর Subject + bid/bade +
Reporting Verb-এর object + good bye.”
Example:
Direct Speech: She said, “Good bye my buddies”.
Indirect Speech: She bade her buddies good bye.
Rule-11:
Reported Speech-এ “good morning/ good evening/ good night” থাকলে Indirect Speech-এর Structure হবে “Reporting
Verb-এর Subject + wish/wished + good morning/ good evening/ good night.”
Example:
Direct Speech: He said to her, “Good evening”.
Indirect Speech: He wished her good evening.

Rule-12:
অনেক সময় Reported Speech-এ পূর্ণাঙ্গ Sentence না থেকে Sentence এর অংশ অর্থাৎ Phrase থাকলে, Indirect Speech-এ বক্তার
বক্তব্যকে অনুসরণ করে উক্ত Speech-কে পূর্ণাঙ্গ Sentence-এ রূপান্তর করতে হয়।
Example:
Direct Speech: “You’ve served me a delicious dish. How much to pay you?” I said to the waiter. “two hundred
thirty taka?” -“Everything is alright.”
Indirect Speech
I told the waiter that he had served me adelicious dish. I also asked him how much I should pay him. I further asked him if
two hundred thirty taka would do. He replied that everyhing was all right.

Rule-13:
যদি Direct Speech-এ বক্তা ও শ্রোতা উল্লেখ না থাকে, তাহলে বক্তার ক্ষেত্রে “The speaker” এবং শ্রোতার ক্ষেত্রে “The
listener” অথবা “The person spoken to” ব্যবহার করতে হয়।
Example:
Direct Speech: “Are you going tomorrow?” “Yes, I will go tomorrow afternoon.”
Indirect Speech: The speaker asked the listener if he (L) was going the next day. The listener replied in the
affirmative and said that he would go the next afternoon.