Open, Shorts, and Switches

Jack Ou

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Svoboda and Dorf Sec. 2.2-2.9

Open/Short Circuits

i(t) i(t) open circ

LA
I R .

-FRIC
VIR
I 0
I
=
=

+ +
v(t) v(t)
– –

1. Open (left)
1.1 Current (i(t)) is 0.
1.2 Voltage (v (t)) is determined by the “rest” of the circuit.
~
08 drop

Shorting -
I
1.3 R = 1. or
·

I-
100
Out the resistor
-

IO
2. Short (right) E

sum
2.1 Voltage (v (t)) is 0. I
2.2 Current (i(t)) is determined by the rest of the circuit.
2.3 R = 0. A shorts resistance o =
Example 1

V, =
Vs-0 Vs
=

+ I1 + I2

X
+
VS V1 R1 V2 R2

won't
Voltage
Change
1. What are V1 and I1 if R1 were replaced with an open?
Example 2

-
I R 1 1
curren
V1 + + I2 ange
IS V2 R2

1. What is I1 if R1 were replaced with a short?

Switches

t=0 t=0
1. Initially open switch (left)
1.1 t < 0: The switch is open and Rswitch = 1.
1.2 t 0: The switch is closed and Rswitch = 0.
2. Initially closed switch (right)
2.1 t < 0: The switch is closed and Rswitch = 0.
2.2 t 0: The switch is open and Rswitch = 1.
 ↳ -gert
Example 3 -
Vx
=
IA 1 I C ↓
.
⑰
-
: o
t=0
0

I
0-0 o o 0 0
-

t=0 t=0
+
o CO
1V
+ +
2⌦ Vx 1A 1⌦ Vy

prot e
d

B
1. Determine Vx for t > 0. Hint: redraw the Icircuit for t > 0.
2. Determine Vy for t < 0.