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Home » Engineering Mechanics » Friction

Problem 506 | Friction

Problem 506
A 400 lb block is resting on a rough horizontal
surface for which the coefficient of friction is 0.40.
Determine the force P required to cause motion to
impend if applied to the block (a) horizontally or (b)
downward at 30° with the horizontal. (c) What
minimum force is required to start motion?

Solution 506
Click here to show or hide the solution
Part (a) - Force is applied horizontally
ΣFV = 0
N = 400 lb

f = µN = 0.40(400)
f = 160 lb

ΣFH = 0
P =f
P = 160 lb answer

Part (b) - Downward force at 30° from the

horizontal
ΣFV = 0
N = 400 + P sin 30∘
N = 400 + 0.5P

f = µN = 0.40(400 + 0.5P )
f = 160 + 0.2P

ΣFH = 0
P cos 30∘ = f
P cos 30∘ = 160 + 0.2P
0.666P = 160
P = 240.23 lb answer

Another Solution for Part (b)

tan ϕ = µ
tan ϕ = 0.40
ϕ = 21.80∘

θ = 90∘ − (30∘ + ϕ)
θ = 90∘ − (30∘ + 21.80∘ )
θ = 38.20∘

P 400
=
sin ϕ sin θ
P 400
=
sin 21.80∘ sin 38.20∘
P = 240.21 lb okay!

Part (c) - Minimum force required to

cause impending motion
ΣFV = 0
N = 400 − P sin α

f = µN = 0.40(400 − P sin α)
f = 160 − 0.40P sin α

ΣFH = 0
P cos α = f
P cos α = 160 − 0.40P sin α
P cos α + 0.40P sin α = 160
(cos α + 0.40 sin α)P = 160
160
P=
cos α + 0.40 sin α

To minimize P, differentiate then equate to zero

dP −160(− sin α + 0.40 cos α)
= =0
dα (cos α + 0.40 sin α)2
sin α − 0.40 cos α = 0
sin α = 0.40 cos α
tan α = 0.40
α = 21.80∘

Minimum value of P
160
Pmin =
cos 21.80∘ + 0.40 sin 21.80∘
Pmin = 148.56 lb answer

Tags:
minimum force dry friction angle of friction
coefficient of friction impending motion
horizontal force inclined force

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