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TopNCLEXMedstoknow1
TopNCLEXMedstoknow1
TopNCLEXMedstoknow1
Ativan Lorazepam
Valium Diazepam
Xanax Alprazolam
SEDATIVES/HYPNOTICS
Aldactone Spironolactone
Dyrenium Triamterene
ANTIHYPERTENSIVES –(PRIL)
• ACE Inhibitors
• Block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
(potent vasoconstrictor)-Causing vasodilation and
PVR (peripheral vascular resistance) without cardiac ALPHA 1 ADRENERGIC BLOCKERS
output/rate/contractility-Aldosterone is also blocked, -(ZOSYN)
causing a in Na+ and H2O retention. Side effect: • Dilate blood vessels and (PVR)
Nagging, nonproductive cough, angioedema
Common Brand Names Generic Names Common Brand Names Generic Names
Altace Ramipril
Hytrin Terazosin
Capoten Captopril
Minipress Prazosin
Prinivil, Zestril Lisinopril
Vasotec Enalapril
Lisinopril lowers blood pressure, not
❧ *check potassium level heart rate. ALPHA & BETA ADRENERGIC
Orthostatic hypotension is a
common side effect so Dangling BLOCKERS-(LOL)
legs at the side of the bed prior to
standing up. • Alpha blockers-block alpha 1 receptors
vasodilation. Beta blockers-block beta 1
ALPHA 2 ANTAGONISTS & beta 2 receptors:
❧ centrally-acting anti-hypes causing
• reduce HR, myocardial irritability, force of
amounts of norepinephrine to be
contraction
released, sympathetic activity
• depress automaticity of SA node,
Common Brand speed of AV & intraventricular conduction
Generic Names suppress release of renin from the kidneys
Names
Catapres Clonidine
Common Brand Names Generic Names
Coreg Carvedilol
Trandate, Normodyne Labetalol
BETA BLOCKERS-(OLOL)
❧ Prevent sympathetic stimulation of the heart,
thus HR and contractility. CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS
❧ myocardial irritability, depress • Block Na+ influx into the beta-receptors
automaticity of SA node, speed of AV & • force of myocardial contraction/conductivity
intraventricular conduction • HR, PVR.
❧ suppress release of renin from the kidneys. • Produce relaxation of coronary & vascular
smooth muscle; dilates coronary arteries;
Common Brand Names Generic Names myocardial O2 delivery, O2 demand.
• Side effect: edema, dysrhythmias
Inderal Propranolol
Common Brand Names Generic Names
Lopressor Metoprolol Tartrate
Toprol-XL Metoprolol Succinate Cardizem Diltiazem
BIGUANIDES
• hepatic glucose production &
intestinal absorption of glucose GLITAZONES-(GLITAZONE)
• improves insulin sensitivity ❧ Decrease insulin resistance
(tissue response to insulin)
Brand Names Generic Names
Brand Names Generic Names
Actos Pioglitazone
Glucophage Metformin
Avandia Rosiglitazone
• *Initial drug therapy for newly DX T2DM.
• *Most common side effect: GI. ❧ *Edema; HF secondary to renal retention of fluid
• *Rare side effect: Lactic acidosis
ANTILIPIDEMICS
ANTIEMETICS ❧ STATINS (HMG-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS)
• Act by /preventing ❧ Inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, an early step in
nausea & vomiting cholesterol production
❧ *Rhabdomyolysis, Hepatotoxicity
MISCELLANEOUS ANTILIPIDEMICS
Questran Cholestyramine
• Bile acid sequestrant • Binds bile acids,
(food additive improving impeding absorption
quality) (elimination in feces)
GI STIMULANT
• Act by resting tone of esophageal sphincter
• Promotes gastric emptying/intestinal transit
ANTI-INFECTIVES
❧ Aminoglycosides
VANCOMYCIN
Lispro
Lispro protamine/lispro Protamine/lispro 2.8h 24h
• Humalog Mix 75/25 (Humalog mix 75/25)