Psychosocial

Development:
Erikson Stages of
Development
Break down of Psychosocial
● Psycho: Mind & Behaviors (Unconscious)
● Social: Influence of Social Factors

About Erikson:
● Considered a Neo-Freudian
○ Followed the work of Freud and agreed with it
● Stage Theorist
○ Core Conflict At Each Stage
○ Life Long Effects
Trust vs Mistrust: 0 - 1 Year
● Basic Conflict: Trust vs Mistrust
○ Trust: Reliable, consistent, nurturing
■ The World is safe, people are dependable, form trusting
relationships throughout their lives
○ Mistrust: Fails to provide care and affection
■ The World is inconsistent and unpredictable, struggle forming
trusting relationships
● Example: Feeding
○ Understanding hunger cues, to meet basic need
○ Hercules Clip
Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt: 1 - 3 Years
● Basic Conflict: Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt
○ Autonomy: Supported during more independence, children will
become confident in the ability to survive
■ Capable of leading their lives, confidence in decision making
○ Shame / Doubt: Overly controlled or criticised, doubt their abilities
■ Lack confidence, fear of trying new things, inadequacy of self
control abilities
● Example: Potty Training
○ Learn at the kids pace and feel supported = gained autonomy of body
○ Matilda Clip
Initiative vs Guilt: 3 - 6 Years
● Basic Conflict: Initiative vs Guilt
○ Initiative: Encourage and support students to think, plan & execute
■ Form sense of purpose, accomplish a task, face challenges,
leadership skills
○ Guilt: Discourages the pursuit of independence activities, criticizes
efforts
■ Feelings of guilt, fear of trying something new, self doubt, lack of
initiatives
● Example: A child initiating a game
○ Choose and carry out the game, a sense of initiative and gain
confidence
○ Frozen Clip
Industry vs Inferiority: 7 - 11 Years
● Basic Conflict: Industry vs Inferiority
○ Industry: Belief in their skills and confidence
■ Confidence in their abilities to achieve goals
○ Inferiority: Efforts are not valued, lack of self confidence
■ Feel like they aren’t as good as peers, efforts aren’t valued, lower
self esteem, less motivated to tackle challenges in life
● Example: Elementary School
○ Learning to read, write, solve problems
○ Inside Out Clip
Identity vs Role Confusion: 12 - 18 Years
● Basic Conflict: Identity vs Confusion
○ Identity: Freedom to explore different roles
■ Strong sense of self, independence and control
○ Role Confusion: Restricted, not given space to explore
■ Unsure about place in the world, values, and future directions,
commitment issues
● Example: Activities in high school
● High School Musical Clip
Intimacy vs Isolation: 19 - 29 Years
● Basic Conflict: Intimacy vs Isolation
○ Intimacy: Able to form intimate, reciprocal relationships with others
■ Open and share, commit to relationships, make personal
sacrifices
○ Isolation: Unresolved crises or fear of rejection
■ Loneliness, alienation, mental health and physical health
conditions
● Example: College-age friendships
● The Notebook Clip
Generativity vs Stagnation: 30 - 64 Years
● Basic Conflict: Generativity vs Stagnation
○ Generativity - Making valuable contributions to the world, or positive
change
■ Concern for others, desire to contribute to future generations,
feeling of self worth
○ Stagnation - Not making a positive impact or involved in productive
tasks
■ Feeling unproductive, lack of growth feeling empty, disengaged
from society
● Example: Parents Having Kids & Career Occupation
● Incredibles Clip
Integrity vs Despair: 65 Onward
● Basic Conflict: Ego Integrity vs Despair
○ Integrity: Lived a fulfilling and meaningful life
■ Acceptance of their life how it is, sense of wisdom and fulfillment
○ Despair: Regretful about their past, made poor decisions, failed to
achieve life goals
■ Regret, bitterness, disappoint, fear of death, decreased life
satisfaction
● Example: Reflection on life
● Up Clip
Marcia’s Ego Identity Status
● Happens during Identity v. Role Confusion
Scenario #1
The following is a journal entry from Patricia, after reading it decided which
stage/crisis she is most likely in:
Dear Journal,
Who am I??? I can't seem to figure it out. Some days I love my parents, my friends
and feel I know what I want to do in college. But, just yesterday I changed my mind
AGAIN on my college application checklist. I mean - do I even WANT to go to college?
Ugh - I'm so lost and confused. Of COURSE I'm going to college, but what do you
study when everything and nothing at all excites you?
Sincerely,
The girl who is lost
Scenario #2
Mr. and Mrs. James are so proud of the note the teacher sent home with their
son Manuel. The teacher stated that "Manuel is showing such leadership
abilities! He always steps up to ask if someone wants to play or choose a game
the students should play on the playground. He starts all his tasks on time and
always follows through. I see signs of a leader in him on a daily basis even
though he is still so young." Which stage/crisis is Manuel most likely in?
Scenario #3
Dianna is in Middle School and is doing great academically and athletically.
Her parents and teachers have been incredibly supportive of her and her
abilities in every area. Dianna enjoys doing tasks because she knows if she
applies herself she will do great - it just takes effort. Which stage/crisis is
Dianna most likely in?