Population dynamics

Case studies of Kenya, Russia,

Bangladesh and Australia.

Geography 23/09/2020
 Objectives:

•To describe Kenya, country with a high

natural population growth
•To describe Russia, a country with a
population decline.
•Bangladesh, an overpopulated country
•Australia, an underpopulated country?
 Kenya- a country with a high rate of natural population growth
•Kenya, country in East Africa
famed for its scenic landscapes
and vast wildlife preserves. Its
Indian Ocean coast provided
historically important ports by
which goods from Arabian and
Asian traders have entered the
continent for many centuries..
The country’s diverse wildlife and
panoramic geography draw large
numbers of European and North
American visitors, and tourism is
an important contributor to
Kenya’s economy.
Kenya

• Along that coast, which holds some

of the finest beaches in Africa, are
predominantly Muslim Swahili cities
such as Mombasa, a historic centre
that has contributed much to the
musical and culinary heritage of the
country. There are varieties of
animal species, including lions,
elephants, cheetahs, rhinoceroses,
and hippopotamuses. Kenya’s
western provinces, marked by lakes
and rivers, are forested, while a
small portion of the north is desert
and semidesert
 Kenya

•The graph opposite

shows how the
population of Kenya
has increased
between 1969 and
2009.
 Reasons for Kenya’s high population growth

•Not all women are educated.

•IMR
•Sign of virility
•Not too good medicals.
•Religious beliefs etc.
•Children working on farms.
•Take care of parents.
Kenya

• The number of births per woman is

high in Kenya, an average of 4
children as indicated from the
graph above. The fertility rate
though is falling. Women with
more education are having fewer
children.
• The infant mortality rate is on the
decrease because of better
medicals.
• There is a steady and significant
increase in life expectancy. It is
65.91 year as of today.
 Russia

•A country with
population
decline.
• The country
stretches over a
vast expanse of
eastern Europe and
northern Asia.
Russia
• Official Name: Russian Federation
• Form of Government: Federation
• Capital: Moscow
• Population: 144, 125, 000
• Official Language: Russian
• Money: Ruble
• Area: 17, 075, 200 square
kilometres
• Major Mountain ranges: Ural,
Altay
• Major Rivers: Amur, Irtysh, Lena,
Ob, Volga, Yenisey
 Russia

•As the world’s largest

country, Russia occupies
one-tenth of all the land
on Earth. It spans 11 time
zones across two
continents (Europe and
Asia) and has shores on
three oceans (the
Atlantic, Pacific and Arctic
Ocean).
 Russia’s ecosystems .
•As Russia is so huge, it’s no
surprise that this incredible
country is home to a large
number of ecosystems and
different species. Its forests,
steppes and tundras provide
habitat for many rare
animals, including Asiatic
black bears, snow leopards,
polar bears, and small,
rabbit-like mammals called
pikas.
Russia most famous tiger

•Russia’s most
famous animal
species is the
Siberian tiger, the
largest cat in the
world.
 Russian ruler

•In the 1550s,

Muscovite ruler Ivan
IV became Russia’s
first tsar (Russian
emperor) after driving
the Mongols out of
Kiev and unifying the
region.
 Russia’s Lenin.

•In 1917, Russians, unhappy with

their government, overthrew the
tsar and formed a new elected
government. Just a few months
later, however, a communist
group called the Bolsheviks seized
power. Their leader, Vladimir
Lenin, created the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.) from
Russia and 11 other countries.
Russia’s ethnic groups.

•There are about

120 ethnic groups
in Russia who
speak more than
a hundred
languages.
Russia’s population .

•With a population
of 142.8 million
according to the
2010 census, which
rose to 146.7
million as of 2020
 Life expectancy in Russia.

•The overall life expectancy in

Russia at birth is 72.4 years
(66.9 years for males and 77.6
years for females). Since the
1990s, Russia's death rate has
exceeded its birth rate. As of
2018, the total fertility rate
(TFR) across Russia was
estimated to be 1.58 born per
woman
 Reasons why there is a decline in Russia’s population.

•Men are alcoholics.

•Women are educated and marry late.
•Russia has extremely cold climate in some places.
•People leaving the country because of politics
(emigrating).
•People leave to seek better employment in European
countries.
•The medicals are good, because of technological
advancement.
 Bangladesh

An overpopulated country.
 Bangladesh

• Bangladesh is in South-East Asia and its neighbours are India to the

West, North and East, Myanmar to the south-east and the Bay of
Bengal to the south.
• It has a total area of 56,977 square miles (147,570 square kilometres).
• The coordinates for Bangladesh are 23.7000° N, 90.3500°
 Bangladesh population

•It has a population of 171.million

(2020)…
•…which works out as a
population density of 2890
people per square mile, more
than 4 times that of the UK,
making it the most densely
population country in the world!
•Bangladesh’s capital is Dhaka,
which has an area of 315 square
miles (816 square kilometres) and
a population of 8.906 million
Life expectancy.

•The average life

span here is
72.05 years
(2017).
 Bangladesh relief.

•Bangladesh is mostly made

up of incredibly flat,
low-lying land which is
subject to annual flooding
from melting snow from the
Himalayas.
•Its landscape is made up of
67% arable land, 16% forest
and woodland, 4% meadows
and pastures, 2% permanent
crops and 11% ‘others’.
Population

•It has a population of

161.4 million (2018)…
•…which works out as a
population density of
2890 people per square
mile, more than 4 times
that of the UK, making it
the most densely
population country in the
world!
• total fertility rate (TFR) of 2.1
means that women have 2.1
children on average in their
lifetime.
 Bangladesh produce.

• Bangladesh produces rice, tea,

jute, wheat and beef…
Australia

•An underpopulated country.

•Australia has one of the
lowest population densities
in the world. With a low
population and a land area
25,499,884 million, of over
7.6 million km² its density is
around 3 people per km². ..
 Australia

•The smallest
continent and one of
the largest countries
on Earth, lying
between the Pacific
and Indian oceans in
the Southern
Hemisphere.
Population

•The current population

of Australia is
25,566,845 as of
Wednesday, September
23, 2020, based on
Worldometer
elaboration of the
latest United Nations
data.
Fertility rate.

•The birth rate (or technically,

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)),
represents the total number
of babies a woman could
expect to have, if the
age-specific fertility rates for
that year persisted through
her lifetime. Of course, it’s an
average, and hopefully,
no-one actually has 1.740
babies.
 Immigration
•Australia's immigration
policies have evolved over
those 65 years from focusing
on attracting migrants,
primarily from the United
Kingdom, for the purpose of
increasing Australia's
population to a focus on
attracting workers and
temporary (skilled) migrants
in order to meet the skilled
labour needs of the economy.
Exports

•Exports of Manufactured Goods

in Australia averaged 1032.03
AUD Million from 1988 until
2020.
• She is the world's fourth largest
exporter of grains.
• Australia produces a wide variety
of fruit, nuts and vegetables. The
largest crops include oranges,
apples, bananas, chestnuts,
potatoes, carrots and tomatoes.
 The great Barrier reef

•The Great Barrier Reef

is the world's largest
coral reef system
composed of over
2,900 individual reefs
and 900 islands
stretching for over
2,300 kilometres