File Name: CF 1 FOR BLOCK A

D E S I G N O F C O M B I N E D F O O T I N G

*Clear Cover in mm = 50, Concrete Grade = M20, Steel Grade = Fe415

*Safe Bearing Capacity in kN/m2 = 150.000

*First Gravity Load (Without Factor of Safety)in kN = 1500.000
*Second Gravity Load (Without Factor of Safety)in kN = 2850.000
*C/c Distance between the two Columns in metre = 3.000
Distance from left edge to the centre of the first column = 1.000 m
*First column is Rectangular : Second column is Rectangular.

*Dimension of Ist column along length wise in mm = 650

*Dimension of Ist column along width wise in mm = 650
*Dimension of 2nd column along length wise in mm = 650
*Dimension of 2nd column along width wise in mm = 650
Dist from left edge to the centre of the second column = 1.000 + 3.000 =
4.000 m
Centre of gravity of the loads =
(1500.000 x 1.000 + 2850.000 x 4.000)/(1500.000 + 2850.000) = 2.966 m
Calculated Length of Footing in metre = 2 x 2.966 = 5.931 m
Adopted Length of footing = 6.000 m
Eccentricity due to change of footing length = 6.000 - 5.931 = 0.069 m
Difference in moment due to eccentricity = 0.069 x (1500.000 + 2850 ) =
300.000 kNm
Distance from the centre of second column to the right edge =
6.000 - (1.000 + 3.000) = 2.000 m
Total Vertical Load = 1500.000 + 2850.000 = 4350.000 kN
Calculated width of combined footing = 1.2 x 4350.000/(6.000 x 150.000) =
5.800 m
Adopted width of combined footing = 5.000 m
Factored load on the left side = 1.5 x 1500.000 = 2250.000 kN
Factored load on the right side = 1.5 x 2850.000 = 4275.000 kN
Total factored load = 2250.000 + 4275.000 = 6525.000 kN
Net upward pressure = 6525.000/(6.000 x 5.000) = 217.500 kN/m^2
Upward uniformly distributed load on footing = 217.500 x 5 = 1087.5
kN/m
SF left of left column = -1087.500 x 1.000 = -1087.500 kN
SF right of left column = -1087.500 + 2250.000 = 1162.500 kN
SF left of right column = 2175.000 - 4275 = -2100.000 kN
SF right of right column = 1087.500 x 2.000 = 2175.000 kN
Point of contraflexure = 1162.500 x 3.000/(1162.500 + 2100.000) = 1.069 m
Maxm BM on from left =
[1087.500 x 1/2 x (1.000 + 1.069)^2] - 2250.000 x 1.069 = -77.586 kNm
Maxm BM on from right =
[1087.500x1/2x{2.000+(3.000-1.069)}^2]-4275.000x(3.000-1.069)=147.414 kNm
Maximum factored BM considered for calculation = 147.414 kNm

KK = 0.138 x 20 x 5.000 x 1000 = 13800.000

Effective depth required = (147.414 x 10^6/13800.000)^0.5= 103 mm
Total depth required = 103 + 50 + 1/2 x 16 = 161 mm
Total Depth provided = 750 mm
Effective depth provided = 750 - 50 - 1/2 x 16 = 692 mm
C A L C U L A T I O N O F R E I N F O R C E M E N T

a = 0.87 x 415 x 415/(20 x 5.000 x 1000) = 1.5

b = -0.87 x 415 x 692 = -249846.6
c = 10^6 x 147.414 = 147413800.0
Area of -ve Long. Reinf. Reqd. =
[-(-249846.6)-{((-249846.6)^2-4x1.5x147413800.0)^0.5}]/(2x1.5)=592 mm^2
Dia of bar = 16 mm
Area of one bar = 3.1416 x 16^2/4 = 201 mm^2
No of Bars required = 592/201 = 2.9 Nos
No of bars provided = 27 Nos
Area of reinforcement provided = 27 x 201 = 5429 mm^2
Required Spacing = (1000 x 5.000 - 50 - 1/2 x 16)/(2.9 - 1) = 2541 mm c/c
Spacing Provided = (1000 x 5.000 - 50 - 1/2 x 16)/(27 - 1) = 190 mm c/c
*Provide 16 mm Dia Bars @ 190 c/c (-ve Long. Reinf. at Top)

C H E C K F O R O N E W A Y S H E A R

SF under second column is more.

Size of column in x-direction = 650 mm
Size of column in y-direction = 650 mm
SF = 2100.000 - [{(650/2) + 692} x 1087.500/1000] = 994.013 kN
Nominal Shear stress = 994.013/(5.000 x 692) = 0.287 N/mm^2
Percentage of reinforcement provided =
5429 x 100/(1000 x 5.000 x 692) = 0.157%
bita = 0.8 x 20/(6.89 x 0.157) = 14.801
Permissible shear stress =
0.85 x [(0.8 x 20)^0.5] x [(1 + 5 x 14.801)^0.5 - 1]/(6 x 14.801) = 0.293
N/mm^2
Status of Shear Check = PASS

C H E C K F O R P U N C H I N G S H E A R (TWO WAY SHEAR)

Punching shear is checked on the second column from left

Vertical load acting downwards = 4275.000 kN
Punching area = (650 + 692) x (650 + 692) = 1800964 mm^2
Perimeter = 2 x [(650 + 692) + (650 + 692)] = 5368 mm
bita = 650/650 = 1.00
Ks,cal =0.5 + 1.00 = 1.50
Ks should be less than or equal to 1
Ks, adopted = 1.00
Strength in punching shear = 1.00 x 0.25 x 20^0.5 = 1.118 N/mm^2
Punching SF = [4275.000 x 1000 - (1800964 x 217.500/1000)]/1000 =
3883.290 kN
Punching shear stress = 1000 x 3883.290/(5368 x 692) = 1.045 N/mm^2
Status of Punching shear check = PASS

CURTAILMENT OF NEGATIVE LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT (TOP

LONGITUDINAL)
L E F T C U R T A I L M E N T

Dist. from left edge to the first theoretical curtailment point(Left) =

1.650 m
BM at this point=(1087.500 x 1.650^2/2) - 2250.000 x (1.650 -
1.000)=17.859 kNm

CALCULATION OF REINFORCEMENT AT FIRST CURTAILMENT

a = 0.87 x 415 x 415/(20 x 5.000 x 1000) = 1.5

b = -0.87 x 415 x 692 = -249846.6
c = 10^6 x 17.859 = 17859390.0
Area of -ve Long. Reinf. Reqd. =
[-(-249846.6)-{((-249846.6)^2-4x1.5x17859390.0)^0.5}]/(2x1.5)=72 mm^2
Dia of bar = 16 mm
Area of one bar = 3.1416 x 16^2/4 = 201 mm^2
No of Bars required = 72/201 = 0.4 Nos
No of bars provided = 2 Nos
Actual cutoff point is more by the larger of the following:
a. 12 x dia of main bar = 12 x 16 = 192 mm
b. Effective depth = 692 mm
Actual cutoff point = 1000 x 1.650 - 692 = 958 mm
Development Length in mm, Ld = 0.87 x 415 x 16/(4 x 1.200 x 1.6) = 752 mm
Available distance from theoretical cutoff point = 1000 x 1.650 - 50 =
1600 mm
Development lenght is satisfied at cut-off point for Ist col.

R I G H T C U R T A I L M E N T

Dist. from right edge to the 2nd theoretical curtailment point(Right) =

2.750 m
BM at this point=(1087.500 x 2.750^2/2) - 4275.000 x (2.750 -
2.000)=905.859 kNm

CALCULATION OF REINFORCEMENT AT 2nd CURTAILMENT

a = 0.87 x 415 x 415/(20 x 5.000 x 1000) = 1.5

b = -0.87 x 415 x 692 = -249846.6
c = 10^6 x 905.859 = 905859400.0
Area of -ve Long. Reinf. Reqd. =
[-(-249846.6)-{((-249846.6)^2-4x1.5x905859400.0)^0.5}]/(2x1.5)=3708 mm^2
Dia of bar = 16 mm
Area of one bar = 3.1416 x 16^2/4 = 201 mm^2
No of Bars required = 3708/201 = 18.4 Nos
No of bars provided = 20 Nos
Actual cutoff point is more by the larger of the following:
a. 12 x dia of main bar = 12 x 16 = 192 mm
b. Effective depth = 692 mm
Actual cutoff point = 1000 x 2.750 - 692 = 2058 mm
Development Length in mm, Ld = 0.87 x 415 x 16/(4 x 1.200 x 1.6) = 752 mm
Available distance from theoretical cutoff point = 1000 x 2.750 - 50 =
2700 mm
Development lenght is satisfied at cut-off point for 2-nd col.
TEMPERATURE REINFORCEMENT AT TOP SURFACE

*Provide 12 Tor bars @ 250mm c/c as Temperature Reinforcement

POSITIVE LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT AT BOTTOM OF FOOTING BEYOND COLUMN

FACES

Positive BM below First Column =

0.5 x 1087.500 x [1.000 - 650/(2 x 1000)]^2 = 247.746 kNm

Positive BM below Second Column =

0.5 x 1087.500 x [2.000 - 650/(2 x 1000)]^2 = 1525.559 kNm

CALCULATION OF +ve REINFORCEMENT BELOW FIRST COLUMN

a = 0.87 x 415 x 415/(20 x 5.000 x 1000) = 1.5

b = -0.87 x 415 x 692 = -249846.6
c = 10^6 x 247.746 = 247746100.0
Area of +ve Long. Reinf. Reqd. =
[-(-249846.6)-{((-249846.6)^2-4x1.5x247746100.0)^0.5}]/(2x1.5)=998 mm^2

CALCULATION OF +ve REINFORCEMENT BELOW SECOND COLUMN

a = 0.87 x 415 x 415/(20 x 5.000 x 1000) = 1.5

b = -0.87 x 415 x 692 = -249846.6
c = 10^6 x 1525.559 = 1525559000.0
Area of +ve Long. Reinf. Reqd. =
[-(-249846.6)-{((-249846.6)^2-4x1.5x1525559000.0)^0.5}]/(2x1.5)=6348 mm^2

M I N I M U M P O S I T I V E R E I N F O R C E M E N T
Minimum +ve reinf. = 0.12 x 5.000 x 1000 x 750/100 = 4500 mm^2

Maximum +ve Long. reinf. = 6348 mm^2

*Dia. of +ve Reinforcement = 16 mm
Area of one Bar = 0.25 x 3.14159 x 16^2 = 201 mm^2
Nos. of Bars Required = 6348/201 = 31.6 Nos.
Nos. of Bars Provided: 32 Nos.
Area of Reinforcement Provided in mm2 = 32 x 201 = 6434 mm^2
Spacing Provided = (1000 x 5.000 - 50 - 1/2 x 16)/(32 - 1) = 159 mm c/c

B O T T O M T R A N S V E R S E R E I N F O R C E M EN T

Effective depth for transverse reinforcement = 692 - 0.5 x (16 + 20) =

674.0 mm
UDL per metre below Ist column = 2250.000/5.000 = 450.000 kN/m
Trans. BM below Ist col. = 0.5 x 450.000 x [(5.000 - 650/1000)/2]^2 =
1064.391 kNm
UDL per metre below 2nd column = 4275.000/5.000 = 855.000 kN/m
Trans. BM below 2nd col. = 0.5 x 855.000 x [(5.000 - 650/1000)/2]^2 =
2022.342 kNm
If the clear distance is less than Eff. depth, Column band starts from
footing edge.
Clear distance for Ist column = 1.000 - 650.0/(2 x 1000) = 0.675 m
Width of band half-half both side of first column
Band width for Ist col. = (650.0 + 2 x 674.0)/1000 = 1.998 m

Clear distance for 2nd column = 2.000 - 650.0/(2 x 1000) = 1.675 m

Width of band half-half both side of second column
Band width for 2nd col. = (650.0 + 2 x 674.0)/1000 = 1.998 m

TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT BELOW FIRST COLUMN

a = 0.87 x 415 x 415/(20 x 1.998 x 1000) = 3.7

b = -0.87 x 415 x 674.0 = -243347.7
c = 10^6 x 1064.391 = 1064391000.0
Area of Reinf. Reqd. =
[-(-243347.7)-{((-243347.7)^2-4x3.7x1064391000.0)^0.5}]/(2x3.7)=4717 mm^2
Diameter of Transverse reinforcement = 20 mm
Area of single reinforcement = 0.25 x 3.14159 x 20^2 = 314 mm^2
No. of bars reqd = 4717/314 = 15.0 Nos.
No. of bars provided = 16 Nos.
Spacing provided below Ist col. = 1000 x 1.998/(16 - 1) = 133 mm c/c

TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT BELOW SECOND COLUMN

a = 0.87 x 415 x 415/(20 x 1.998 x 1000) = 3.7

b = -0.87 x 415 x 674.0 = -243347.7
c = 10^6 x 1064.391 = 2022342000.0
Area of Reinf. Reqd. =
[-(-243347.7)-{((-243347.7)^2-4x3.7x2022342000.0)^0.5}]/(2x3.7)=9786 mm^2
Diameter of Transverse reinforcement = 20 mm
Area of single reinforcement = 0.25 x 3.14159 x 20^2 = 314 mm^2
No. of bars reqd = 9786/314 = 31.2 Nos.
No. of bars provided = 32 Nos.
Spacing provided below 2nd col. = 1000 x 1.998/(32 - 1) = 64 mm c/c

E N D O F C O M B I N E D F O O T I N G D E S I G N