is the unified body of individuals, often of different

economic classes, clans or family groups, ethnic

groups, and other interest groups bound by a
geographical area and sharing elements of
common life
• customs
• manners
• traditions
• language
 Community-based coastal resource
management (CBCRM) is a process of involving
local communities in managing the coastal
resources upon which they depend. As more
and more users of resources are directly
included in management decisions and the
scale of responsibility becomes local, the
"ownership" of responsibility increases and
the compliance to rules increases.
 • COASTAL
1 • INADEQUATE
3 HABITATS
MANAGEMENT DEGRADED
• POVERTY AND
2 • FISHERIES
DECLINING 4 INCREASING
POPULATION IN
COASTAL
COMMUNITIES
1 • ADEQUATE
3 • HABITAT QUALITY
MANAGEMENT IMPROVING

2 • FISHERIES
RECOVERING 4 • ADEQUATE FOOD
AND RESOURCES
• Basis for the preparation of the plan.

• Integral to the community organization and

planning process
COMMUNITY- LEVEL PARTNERS
Community members who are residents of the area
who directly or indirectly use or impact the resources.

Community members are often represented by

community level organizations such as POs and local
NGOs.
GOVERNMENT PARTNERS:

LGUs and representatives of regional or

national agencies that have functions related
to the resources in the area.
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATIONS:

Collaborative resource management boards or

councils that include government and
community representation.
OTHER PARTNERS:

National and international NGOs, aid agencies,

and research or educational institutions
contribute important technical advice or
funding.
• Stakeholders are more accessible and have more
opportunities to be involved if they are organized.

• Allows rapid integration in the planning process as

well as a forum for feedback and efficient
resolution of issues.
• Increase the coastal community’s awareness of
the condition of their environment and resources
and their collective responsibility to manage the
environment at a sustainable level.
• Develop in people a sense of ownership over the
resources, a recognition of their part in the
problem, and the capacity to collectively manage
and protect their resources.
• Prepare the community and provide opportunities
for local participation and decision- making using
the CRM process of issue identification, planning,
implementation, and monitoring.
• Strengthen the community’s capability to access
funds to support viable and sustainable socio-
economic projects.
• Enable the community to form alliances for
advocacy and sharing of resources and
technologies; and

• Build and sustain organizational structures of CRM

• an understanding of development theories and
concepts and processes of community organizing

• good social and community relation skills to promote

social integration in the community

• an ability to work with other teams of professionals

• the knowledge and skills to enable communities to
access specialized technical assistance in instances
when this is needed
• sensitivity to the local culture
• gender-sensitivity.
• Once community organization has been initiated,
the community should be better able to participate
in the planning process.
1. ORIENTATION AND/ OR
TRAINING OF THE COMMUNITY
ORGANIZER
2. AREA SELECTION
3. DATA GATHERING
4. LOGISTICS AND ADMIISTRATIVE
PREPARATIONS
1. BECOMING INVOLVED IN LOCAL
ACTIVITIES
2. IDENTIFYING KEY INFORMANTS
3. MAKING COURTESY CALLS ON
COMMUNITY LEADERS
4. GATHERING DATA
5. IDENTIFYING PROBLEMS AND
NEEDS
6. IDENTIFYING EXISTING AND
POTENTIAL LEADERS
7. ASSESS EXISTING
ORGANIZATIONS
8. INITIAL FORMATION OF CORE
GROUPS
1. FACILITATING INVOLVEMENT IN
PLANNING PROCESS
2. LEADERSHIP TRAINING AND
TEAMBUILDING
3. CROSS- VISITS
4. FACILITATING PROBLEM-
SOLVING
5. ECONOMIC AND LIVELIHOOD
GENERATION PROJECTS
6. FORMALIZING PARTNERSHIPS
1. TRAINING OF SECOND- LINE
LEADERS AND COMMUNITY
VOLUNTEERS
2. BUILDING ALLIANCES WITH
OTHER ORGANIZATIONS
3. ORGANIZATION STRENGHTENING
4. PROMOTION OF PROJECT
BENEFITS
5. ENSURING SUSTAINABILITY
6. NETWORKING
1. FACILITATING PERIODIC
ASSESSMENTS
2. RE- EVALUATING AND REFINING
COMMUNITY ROLE
1. MODIFYING ROLES
2. PROVIDING SUPPORT
 IEC is a process through which knowledge is
imparted to coastal communities to increase
their awareness, understanding, and
appreciation of the coastal environment and
its importance.
 IEC introduces ecological concepts and
principles related to environmental issues
experienced by the community and enables the
community to take appropriate action to
address them.