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JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION, VOLUME 9, NO.1, APRIL 2020: 87 - 92

THE RELATIONSHIP OF KNOWLEDGE WITH THE PREVENTION

AND CONTROL OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION IN HOSPITALS

Heriyati1, Heartish1Ayu Astuti1

1Faculty of Health Sciences, University of West Sulawesi
e-mail : heriyati@unsulbar.ac.id

Relationship Of Knowledge With Prevention And Control Of Nosocomial Infections In

Hospitals

Abstract :Infectious diseases related to health care are the latest health-related problems in various countries of
the world, including Indonesia. The incidence of nosocomial infections or commonly referred to as Healthcare
Associated Infections (HAIs) in 2018 by Majene Regional Hospital received Decubitus was 10%, IDO 10.6%,
Phlebitis 47.8%. While the target that must be achieved by Majene Hospital is Decubitus is 10%, IDO ≤ 2%,
Phlebitis ≤ 1%. Research on assistance for nurses and midwives for infections at Majene District General Hospital.
This type of research is quantitative research with cross-sectional research. The data were processed univariate
and bivariate using the chi square test. Results obtained There was a dispute between respondents who answered
against and controlling HAI with a significance level of p = 0.00 (p <0.05). means there is a relationship between
the level of knowledge of infection protection and control in Majene Regency Regional General Hospital. It is
expected that the Regional Hospital can monitor and evaluate regularly related to nosocomial infections,
including nurses and midwives in training so that there is new knowledge and skills in controlling nosocomial
infections.
Keywords : Knowledge, Prevention, Control, Nosocomial Infection

Abstract:Infectious diseases related to health services are a current issue of health problems in various countries
of the world, including Indonesia. The incidence of nosocomial infections or commonly called Healthcare
Associated Infections (HAIs) in 2018 by the Majene General Hospital Hospital for Decubitus was 10%, SSI 10.6%,
Phlebitis 47.8%. While the targets that must be achieved by the Majene Hospital are Decubitus ≤ 10%, SSI ≤ 2%,
Phlebitis ≤ 1%. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between the knowledge of nurses and
midwives on the prevention of nosocomial infections at the Regional General Hospital of Majene Regency. This
type of research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. Data were processed univariately and
bivariately using the chi square test. The results obtained There is a correlation between the respondents'
knowledge of the prevention and control of HAIs with a significance level of p = 0.00 (p <0.05). means that there is
a relationship between the level of knowledge on the prevention and control of nosocomial infections at the
Regional General Hospital of Majene Regency.It is hoped that the RSUD can carry out regular monitoring and
evaluation related to the prevention of nosocomial infections, include nurses and midwives in training so that
there is new knowledge and skills in controlling nosocomial infections.

Keywords: Knowledge, Prevention, Control, Nosocomial Infection

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INTRODUCTION 10%, SSI (operative area infection) 10.6%,

Phlebitis47.8 %. Meanwhile, the target that
Health care institutions, namely
must be achieved by Majene Regional
hospitals, have an infection that can attack
General Hospital isdecubitus is ≤ 10 %, IDO
patients with care for approximately 72
≤ 2 %,Phlebitis≤ 1%. Preliminary survey
hours, where the infectious disease has not
conducted by researchers through in-depth
been found when the patient enters, the
interviews with 10 nurses at Majene
infection is called a nosocomial infection or
Hospital, they revealed that knowledge
in other words it is called healthcare
about how to prevent surgical wound
associated infections(Hi s). Places that are
infections was still lacking, this was also
full of risks for sources of infection with
caused by behavior that was less active
high numbers of microorganisms are
towards Nosocomial Infection Prevention at
hospitals (Caroline, 2016).
Majene Hospital.
Infectious diseases related to health
In terms of infection prevention,
services orHealthcare Associated
nurses play a very important role, as it is
infections(HAIs) is a health problem in
known that nurses are exposed to
various countries of the world, including
patients on average around 7-8 hours per
Indonesia. The World Health Organization
day, then around 4 hours of nurses
in 2016 stated that 15% of total
effectively have direct contact with
hospitalized patients were part of the
patients, thus this is the main source of
incidence of HAIs with an incidence rate
exposure to nosocomial infections
of up to 75% in Southeast Asia and
(Situmorang , 2020).
Subshara Africa, where 4-56% were found
High prevalence ratehealthcare
to be the cause of neonatal death. HAIs
associated infections(HAIs) is a very big
cases in 2014 were around 722,000 cases
threat to hospital services because it can
with 75,000 patients in the hospital dying
be interpreted as poor service quality, so
with HAIs (CDC, 2016). The number of HAI
prevention is needed in order to reduce
cases reaches 4.8-15.5% with the
the incidence ratehealthcare associated
incidence in Indonesia at 15.74%,
infections (Hi s). Prevention of infection
surpassing developed countries (Sapardi,
must be carried out universally from
2018).
health services so that it can protect
Based on data from the Majene Regional
patients from nosocomial infections, both
General Hospital (RSUD Majene), related to HAIs,
staff
the number of incidents was founddecubitusis

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health services, and hospital users
(Ministry of Health, 2017).
Based on this description, with the
existence of standard discrepancies and the
incidence of nosocomial infections, and based
on the answers of respondents in the
preliminary study who answered they did not
know how to prevent these infections, then an
in-depth analysis of the correlation of
knowledge on the prevention and control of
nosocomial infections in Majene Hospital will
be analyzed.
RESEARCH METHODS
The research method used is a type
of quantitative research using an analytical
survey, in the form ofcross sectional study.
The research location was at the Regional
General Hospital of Majene Regency in
2019. The population for this study were all
nurses and midwives in
Table 1 Description of Respondent Characteristics at Majene Hospital
internal room, operating room and ob-gyn
in Majene Hospital. The sample of this study
were 28 nurses in the internal room, 19
surgeons and 19 midwives at ob-gyn. The
independent variables are knowledge and
behavior while the dependent is prevention
of nosocomial infection control. Data
analysis used the chi square test and then
arranged in the form of tables and
narratives.
RESEARCH RESULT
This study tested the correlation of
knowledge on the prevention and control of
nosocomial infections, the following results
were found:

Characteristics n %
Gender
Man 13 19.7%
Woman 53 80.3%
Age group
<25 Years 6 9.1%
26-35 Years 55 83.3%
36-45 Years 5 7.6%
Length of work
1-5 Years 40 60.6%
6-10 Years 26 39.4%
Last education
D3 Nursing 28 42.4%
D3 Midwifery 19 28.8%
S1 Nursing 18 27.3%
S1 Kep+Ners 1 1.5%
Total 66 100.0
Source: Primary Data for 2019

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JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION, VOLUME 9, NO.1, APRIL 2020: 87 - 92

Based on table 1 according to at least 36-45 years with the number of

gender, it shows that the sex
characteristics of the respondents are
mostly women with a total of 53
respondents (80.3%) and the least are men
with a total of 13 respondents (19.7%). By
age the most were 26-35 years with a total
of 55 respondents (83.3%) and
respondents 5 (7.6%). According to length
of work, the most was 1-5 years with a
total of 40 respondents (60.6%). At least
6-10 years (39.4). According to education
level. the most D3 Nursing with a total of
28 (42.4)% and the least S1 Kep,Ners with
a total of 1 (1.5%).

Table 2 Distribution of Respondents' Answers Based on Knowledge, Prevention and Variables

Nosocomial Infection Control at Majene Hospital
Variable n %
Knowledge
Not good 15 22.7%
Good 51 77.3%
Prevention and Control
Not good 28 42.4%
Good 38 57.6%
Source: Primary Data for 2019

Table 2 shows the analysis of the univariate
test of the research variables obtained from the
results of the knowledge of the respondents, it can
be seen from 66 respondents that most of them are
good as much as 51 (77.3%) and not good 15
(22.7%). According to the prevention and
control variables, it was found that the
unfavorable category was 28 people (42.4%)
while the good category was 38 respondents
(57.6%).

Table 3 Relationship between Knowledge and Prevention and Control of Nosocomial Infections in
Majene Hospital
Prevention and Control
p.s
Variable Not good Good Total
value
n % N % n %
Knowledge
Not good 15 22% 0 0% 15 22%
0.000
Good 13 20% 38 58% 51 78%
Total 28 42% 38 58% 66 100.0%
Source: Primary Data for 2019
Respondents have a good level of
Based on Table 3, there are 58% of
knowledge but the prevention and control of
respondents who have good knowledge
HAIs is not good at 20%. Based on statistical
and good prevention and control of HAIs.
test resultsChi Squarep value shown :

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0.000 (p <0.05), so it is known that there is a
correlation between knowledge and prevention
and control of HAIs at Majene Hospital.
DISCUSSION
Based on the research results known
Respondents' knowledge of the prevention
and control of nosocomial infections was
also in the high category as it was found
that most of the nurses knew about
prevention of nosocomial infections,
causes and prevention of nosocomial
infections. Meanwhile, knowledge of
prevention of nosocomial infections
received a low score, based on the results
of the questionnaire analysis shown in
table 3, this occurred because health
workers, especially nurses, had not
implementeduniversal precautions(simple
infection control measures), such as wrong
waste disposal, sterility of tools that need
to be improved.
Based on the statistical test results, the
significance value shows that there is a
correlation between knowledge and prevention
and control of nosocomial infections at Majene
Hospital, where more than 50% of respondents
with a good level of knowledge are followed by
good prevention and control. This is in line with
Suharto's research (2016) which found that
there was a correlation between knowledge and
actions to prevent infection in the ICU Room of
Tk II Putri Hijau Hospital, therefore health
workers must
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having good knowledge in order to prevent
the incidence of nosocomial infections,
with good knowledge it will affect the
actions that should be taken for the safety
of the nurse herself and the patient.
The results of this study, Ningsih
(2013) found that there was a relationship
between the motivation and knowledge of
nurses and the behavior of preventing
nosocomial infections in Sukoharjo
Hospital, the higher the knowledge, the
more aware a nurse is to prevent and
control nosocomial infections. Knowledge
of nosocomial infections can influence
individual practice to prevent nosocomial
infections (Yunita, 2015).
Research Bi Sulistyowati (2016),
found that there is a relationship between knowledge
and behavior to prevent nosocomial infections in the
operating room of RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta.
Atmadja's research (2012) found a correlation
between the knowledge and behavior of nurses
related to the prevention of nosocomial infections in
inpatient rooms at RSUD X. Zulkarnain's research
(2018) stated that there was a relationship between
the knowledge, attitudes and skills of nurses towards
preventive actionsphlebitisin the internal treatment
room of Bima Hospital.
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CLOSING
There is a correlation between knowledge
and prevention and control of nosocomial
infections in Majene District Hospital. It is
hoped that the RSUD can carry out regular
monitoring and evaluation regarding the
prevention of nosocomial infections,
include nurses and midwives in training so
that there is new knowledge and skills in
nosocomial infection control, when nurses
and midwives have attended training,
nurses and midwives share information
with others so that nurses and other
midwives know and apply HAIs prevention
and control.
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Atmaja, Layung Jingga. 2012. Analysis
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