NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC SCHOOL

Department of preparatory Classes

2023/2024

Serie N° 6
(Part 1)
Exercise 1
How does the entropy of the system change in each of the following processes?

1/ A solid that melts.

2/ A liquid that freezes.
3/ A liquid that boils.
4/ A vapor which condenses into a solid state
6/ A solid that sublimates.
7/ Gaseous hydrogen heated to 60 to 80°C.

Exercise 2
A mole of ideal gas is in state A defined by PA=1 atm and VA= 10L. It undergoes irreversible
adiabatic compression up to state B such that PB=2.5 atm
a) Calculate VB, TB/TA
b) Calculate the change in entropy of the gas during this transformation.

Data : Cp=21 J.K-1.mol , R= 8.32 J.K-1.mol

Exercise 3

We mix in an adiabatic container and under atmospheric pressure, n moles of liquid water at
temperature T0 = 298K with 5 moles of ice at T1 = 263K.
1) Determine the value of n so that the mixture obtained is liquid at the final temperature Teq
= 280K.
2) Calculate in this case the variation in entropy accompanying this mixture of liquid water
and ice.
Data :
CP(H2O)S= 9 cal.K-1mol-1 , CP(H2O)liq= 18 cal.K-1mol-1 , ΔHfusion (à Tfusion=273°K)= 1433 cal. mol-1

Exercise 4

An ideal gas, initially in its state A (10L, 1atm, 300K), is brought into contact with a single
heat source. It undergoes the following reversible transformations:
- Adiabatic transformation up to state B, VB=20L,
- Isochoric transformation bringing the gas to TA and PC>PB,
- Isothermal transformation, returning the gas to initial conditions.
- Calculate W(in J) and Q(in cal) exchanged during each transformation
- Thus verify the consequences of the second law of thermodynamics, for monothermal
transformation.
Data : γ=5/3 ; R=8.32 J.K-1.mol
Exercise

1
 NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC SCHOOL
Department of preparatory Classes
2023/2024

We consider an ideal gas in the state P1, V1, T1, to which we subject the following cycle of
reversible transformations:
- An adiabatic transformation up to T2 398 K.
- An isobaric transformation up to T3 348 K.
- An isochoric transformation up to T4 T1.
- An isothermal transformation which returns the system to state1.

1) Represent the transformation cycle in the Clapeyron diagram and indicate its nature.
2) Calculate the entropy variation for each step and comment on the sign of ∆S in each
case.
3) Calculate ∆S of the cycle and conclude.
Data : P1 1 atm ; V1 50 L ; T1 298 K ; CP  29.3 J.K.molR 8.31 J.K1.mol1.

Exercise 6
We consider 1Kg of air (considered an ideal gas). Undergoing a Carnot cycle ABCDA: such
that A(PA, TA), B (PB, TB), C(PC,TC), D(PD,TD)
Reversible insulated AB and CD
Reversible adiabatic BC and DA
The temperature at point A is TA= 300K and its volume is VA= 0.86m3. The pressures at
points A, B and C are respectively PA=1bar, PB=3bar and PC=9bar.
We give : Cp = 103J.K-1.Kg-1et γ=7/5

1) Complete the following table

pressure(Pa) Volume (m3) Temperature(K)

A
B
C
D

1) Represent the cycle in the Clapeyron (P, V) and entropic (T, S) diagrams
2) Calculate the thermodynamic efficiency of the cycle in two ways:
A. By carrying out the thermal balance of the cycle
B. From the extreme temperatures of the cycle