CHEMISTRY

INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT

NAME : PRANJAL SHAH

STD : XII B SCI
SCHOOL: URMI
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It gives me great pleasure to express my gratitude towards our

chemistry teacher Mrs. Neha Joshi for her guidance, support and
encouragement throughout the duration of the project. Without her
motivation and help the successful completion of this project would not
have been possible.
 INDEX
Introduction.

Theory :
a) Caffeine.
b) Uses of caffeine.
c) Effects of Caffeine.

Material Required.

Procedure.

Observation table.

Result.

Bibliography.
 INTRODUCTION
Tea leaves which are mainly grown in Asia, Africa, South America, and
around the Black and Caspian Seas are a widely used source of caffeine
and refreshment.

Tea, the beverage is produced by boiling water with the young leaves
and leaf buds of the tea plant, Camellia sinensis.

Tea leaves mainly have chemical compounds like Polyphenols, Amino

Acids, Enzymes, Pigments, Carbohydrates, Methylxanthines and
minerals.

The stimulants present in tea that give the refreshing and energetic
boost are Caffeine, Theophylline, Theobromine and L-theanine also
called amino acid.
 THEORY OF CAFFEINE
Caffeine which is well known stimulant is naturally present in tea
and coffee and some other plants.
It is a carbon based compound with the chemical formula
C8H10N4O2 and IUPAC name as 1, 3, 7-Trimethylpurine-2,6-dione.
It was discovered by Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge in 1819.
Caffeine is an Alkaloid that is often classified as a central nervous
system stimulant. Caffeine is structurally related to xanthine, a
purine molecule with two oxygen atoms.
 USES OF CAFFEINE
Caffeine is commonly used for mental alertness, headache,
migraine, athletic performance, memory, and obesity.
It is also used as a prescription drug for asthma, gallbladder
disease, ADHD, low blood pressure, depression, and many
other conditions.
 EFFECTS OF CAFFEINE
Caffeine increases activity in the brain and nervous system. It
also increases the circulation of chemicals such as cortisol and
adrenaline in the body.
In the body caffeine causes increased breathing and heart rate,
and increased mental alertness and physical energy.
Having too much caffeine include a rise in body temperature,
frequent urination, dehydration, anxiety, sleeplessness and a
rapid heartbeat.
 PROCEDURE
First of all, 50 grams of tea leaves were taken as sample and 150 ml of water
was added to it in a beaker.
Then the beaker was heated up to extreme boiling.
The solution was filtered and lead acetate was added to the filtrater, leading to
the formation of a curdy brown coloured precipitate.
We kept on adding lead acetate till no more precipitate has been formed.
Again solution was filtered. 6.Now the filtrate so obtained was heated until it
had become 50 ml.
Then the solution left was allowed to cool.
After that, 20 ml.of chloroform was added to it.
Soon after, two layers appeared in the separating funnel.
We separated the lower layer.
The solution then exposed to atmosphere in order to allow chloroform to get
evaporated.
The residue left behind was caffeine.
Then we weighed it and recorded the observations.
Similar procedure was performed with different samples of tealeaves.
 OBSERVATION TABLE
Red Label Tea
(Brooke Bond)

Yellow Label Tea

(Lipton)
 OBSERVATION TABLE
Green Label Tea
(Lipton)
 RESULT

Quantity of caffeine :-

Red label tea is 60mg. /sample of 50 gm.

Yellow label tea is 55mg./sample of 50 gm.

Green label tea is 45mg./sample of 50 gm.

The amount of caffeine is more in Red label

tea compare to others. Red Label > Yellow
Label > Green Label
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Comprehensive laboratory lab manual.

Wikipedia.
Google.
Youtube.