NAME-SNIGDHA SENAPATI

ROLL NO-16CH60R13
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, KHARAGPUR
 Exide's network spreads throughout India and third factory
at Haldia, 1981.
 Exide industry is one of lead-acid battery industry.
 It is included into red categories.
 Exide industries have well equipped effluent treatment
plant which has zero discharge system. Design of the ETP
based for the flow of 120m3/day.
 A lead acid battery consists of a negative electrode made of spongy
or porous lead. The positive electrode consists of lead oxide and
sulfuric acid is used as electrolyte.
 At the negative terminal:

 At the positive terminal:

 Lead-acid batteries are used in cars, trucks, motorcycles,

boats, and other motorized equipment.
 The batteries contain lead (a highly toxic metal) and sulfuric
acid (a corrosive acidic solution). Both of these materials are
hazardous.
 Effects of lead in human body-
A) fatigue, impaired central nervous system functions,
and impaired learning.
B) coma, convulsions, irreversible mental retardation,
seizures, and even death.
 Effects of sulfuric acid in human body-
-lead to irritation or burns to the skin
-irritation to the mucous membranes of the eyes or
the upper respiratory system.
1) Sludge from ETP – 74 kg/hr
2) Glass mat from battery processing – 9.9 MT/ 10days
3) Plastics scraps .
4) Grid plates while processing.
5) Acid paste and lead paste in pasting section.
 Two types of waste are produced-
-Acidic waste.
-Leady waste.
 In treatment plant only chemical treatment is adopted.
Unit Sizes Design details based on design
flow
Equalization tank 3.6m x 1.8m x 3m, 2 no’s 60 min
Neutralization tank 4.5m x 2m x 2.75m 2no’s 1.5 hr HRT
Clarifiers I Dia 5.5m x 3.5m 3.5 hr HRT
Clarifiers II Dia 3.5m x 3m 8 hr HRT
Pressure sand filter Dia 1m x 2.5 deep vessel 3 kg/cm2 pressure, 15 m3/hr
Filtration rate
Rotary vacuum filter Cloth having 10 μ, vacuum 5 RPM, 75 Kg/hr sludge
create at 500 to 600 mmHg removal
Pressure press filter 17 plates , nylon cloth has 5μ 6m3/hr Filtration rate,
pore size 25-30 bar pressure
Sludge drying bed 1.5m x 1.5m x 2m 4.5 m3
Parameter Influent effluent

pH 2-2.5 7.6-8

Pb 7 mg/lit 0.5-2 mg/l

Sulfate 1124 mg/lit 500-750

mg/lit
 The process indicates that all hazardous waste is drastically
reduced during treatment process.
 Recycling rechargeable batteries not only give new life to
discarded products. It helps to prevent the release of
hazardous waste in environment.
 Rahangdale R. V., Kore S.V. and Kore V.:waste management
in lead acid battery,World Journal of Applied Environmental
Chemistry All Rights Reserved Euresian Publication
2012 Volume 1, Issue 1: 7-12(2012)
 Govindasamy, P., madhavan, S.D., Revathi S. and
Shanmugam, P. :Performance Evaluation of Common
Effluent Treatment Plant for Tanneries at Pallavaram
CETP(2006), Journal of Environs. Science & Engg., vol.48,
no. 3 p210-220